SOVIET RUSSIA

Transcription

1 SOVIET RUSSIA

2 SOVIET RUSSIA S MAP

3 SOVIET AVANT-GARDE SYSTEM A distinctly Russian avant-garde in the visual arts took shape in the decade before the Revolution. By 1915, the painter Kasimir Malevich and the sculptor Vladimir Tatlin had created original styles of abstraction, grounded in the physical qualities of the artist material 1.Constructivism 2. Suprematism

4 1.CONSTRUCTIVISM In an attempt to formulate constructivist ideology, Aleksei Gan wrote that Tectonics, texture, and construction were the three principles of constructivism. Tectonics represented the unification of communist ideology with visual form; texture referred to the nature of the materials and how they are used in industrial production and constructivism symbolized the creative process and the search for laws of visual organization.

5 VLADIMER TATLIN Vladimir Tatlin was central to the birth of Russian Constructivism. Often described as a "laboratory Constructivist,". He began creating objects that sometimes seem poised between sculpture and architecture. He is remembered most for his Monument to the Third International ( ). A design for the Communist International headquarters, it was realized as a model but never built. The arc of his career has come to define the spirit of avantgardism in the twentieth century, the attempt to bring art to the service of everyday life.

6 Kasimir Malevich founded a painting style of basic forms and pure color that he called Suprematism, which is a style of abstraction that was new and totally nonobjective. 2.SUPREMATISM Kasimir Malevich, Suprematist Composition, A symphonic arrangement of elemental shapes of luminous color on a white field becomes a expression of pure feeling.

7 KASIMIR MALEVICH Kazimir Malevich was the founder of the artistic and philosophical school of Suprematism, and his ideas about forms and meaning in art would eventually constitute the theoretical underpinnings of non-objective, or abstract, art. Malevich worked in a variety of styles, but his most important and famous works concentrated on the exploration of pure geometric forms (squares, triangles, and circles) and their relationships to each other and within the pictorial space. Because of his contacts in the West, Malevich was able to transmit his ideas about painting to his fellow artists in Europe and the United States, thus profoundly influencing the evolution of modern art.

8 KASIMIR MALEVICH

9 SOVIET RUSSIAN GRAPHIC DESIGN At the end of the civil war, in early 1921, the Bolsheviks found themselves in control of a thoroughly devastated country. As elements of capitalism and socialism coexisted in the economy, Soviet society and culture experienced a period of relative openness and uncertainty, marked by both optimism and anxiety. Although Rodchenko and other Constructivists aimed to collaborate with industry, their lack of practical training and the crippled state of Russian factories conspired largely to frustrate this goal. But Rodchenko was also eager to address a broad public through the mass media, and in the field of graphic design his work flourished.

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11 ALEXANDER RODCHENKO Alexander Rodchenko is perhaps the most important avant-garde artist to have put his art in the service of political revolution. In this regard, his career is a model of the clash between modern art and radical politics. He emerged as a fairly conventional painter, but his encounters with Russian Futurists propelled him to become an influential founder of the Constructivist movement. And his commitment to the Russian Revolution subsequently encouraged him to abandon first painting and then fine art in its entirety, and to instead put his skills in the service of industry and the state, designing everything from advertisements to book covers. His life's work was a ceaseless experiment with an extraordinary array of media, from painting and sculpture to graphic design and photography. Later in his career, however, the increasingly repressive policies targeted against modern artists in Russia led him to return to painting.

12 We had visions of a new world, industry, technology and science. We simultaneously invented and changed the world around us. We authored new notions of beauty and redefined art itself. ALEXANDER RODCHENKO

13 SOVIET RUSSIA CAR DESIGN

14 GAZ GROUP

15 UAZ GROUP

16 UAZ GROUP

17 AZLK AZLK was a Russian automobile factory (Moscow), the maker of the Moskvitch brand. AZLK's role under the Soviet system was the production of small cars, which could be classified as anywhere from compact to midsize. AvtoVaz and IZh were also charged with producing vehicles in the same category as AZLK, while GAZ handled the large car and full-size segment.

18 LADA

19 MARUSSIA

20 DRAGON

21 AIRCRAFT DESIGNER SERGEY ILYUSHIN During his student years, he concentrated on the design of gliders, taking part in numerous competitions. In 1925, one of his designs was sent to a competition in Germany, where it took first prize for flight time. After obtaining a degree in engineering in 1926, Ilyushin started designing aircraft at the TsAGI.

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23 SOVIET RUSSIA WATCH DESIGNS

24 RECORD The Rekord Watch-Making Company Ltd. originated in The Rekord company philosophy is unique and creative.

25 RAKETA Raketa, which means "rocket" in Russian, is perhaps best known for its 24 hour watches. Raketa went through major restructuring in The company bought new equipment, adapted its production to modern quality standards and is working on a new collection that includes a modern redesign of the Polar expedition 24 hours watch from Raketa is one of the last surviving Soviet Watch Factories that produces its movements from A to Z.

26 STURMANSKI Sturmanskie (also called Shturmanskie) enjoys the prestige of being the first watch in outer space. Russian cosmonaut Juri Gagarin wore a Sturmanskie when he become the first man in space on April 12, Sturmanskie watches are still manufactured and sold today, though they have been updated considerably for the current market. Gagarin's Sturmanskie was a small, basic mechanical watch. Today's Sturmanskies, manufactured by Volmax, are larger, heavier and generally have more complications.

27 GENERAL SOVIET RUSSIA DESIGNS

28 The portable water heater.

29 A wire radio receiver. radiotochka, literally "radio point" was a quintessentially Soviet object: a wall-mounted radio that broadcast only one channel

30 Soviet style has a reputation for being utilitarian and boring.

31 English-Language Ad for a Radio "The Soviets were not above marketing their consumer goods to the West

32 Russian Artist Creates Steampunk Animals From Old Car Parts, Watches and Electronics When working with metal, it takes a true master to breathe life into their artwork. Russian artist Igor Verniy does just that with his beautiful and elegant articulated steampunk animal sculptures. Their moving parts and Verniy s attention to detail makes them come alive. A lot of work goes on behind the scenes before Verniy creates his artwork. He observes his creations living counterparts to ensure that he captures their movements just right. Then, he assembles them from various pieces of scrap metal old car parts, bike parts, clock movements, tableware, and anything else that fits.

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39 REFERENCES made-in-russia-soviet-design tr/2012/11/russian-suprematism-and-constructivism.html dchenko/texts/spatial_construct.html /8-strange-examples-of-soviet-design-boilingwand#last-slide

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