Chapter 1. Introduction
|
|
- Paul Oliver
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Background of Choosing the Subject William Shakespeare is a prominent playwright who produces many works during the late 1580s in England. According to Bate and Rasmussen (2009), his career begins as an actor (playing two roles; as the ghost in Hamlet and Adam in As You Like It), but he realizes that he was never going to grow into a great comedian like Tarlton or a great tragedian like Alleyn (198). Thus, after the theatres are closed because of the plague during the seasons of , Shakespeare becomes one of the actors, writers and owners in a newly organized acting company sponsored by Lord Chamberlain, known as The Lord Chamberlain s Men, and later as the King s men (Bate and Rasmussen 149). His career evolves around the playhouses in London where people come to watch his play along the Borough of Southwark, the site of the public theatres and other popular entertainments such as bear-baiting, cock-fighting, and legal brothels (Hebron 26). Because of the absence of typewriters and photocopying machines, the company gets to know a new play through reading it aloud in which a copy would then have been taken to the Master of Revels for licensing (Bate and Rasmussen 204), and it is distributed to the actors by the theatre book holder or prompter. Shakespeare is believed by the researchers to go to a local grammar school, but he does not go to the university. Thus, he pays close attention to the work of the university-educated dramatists and starts writing his own plays. He
2 2 was the first to establish himself early in his career as an equal master of tragedy, comedy, and history (Bate and Rasmussen 199). When the compilers of the First Folio, published in 1623, came to decide on the order in which they would print the plays, they divided them into Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies (Wells 105). According to A.C. Bradley, Shakespearian tragedies are known as The Big Four: Hamlet ( ), Othello (1604), King Lear ( ), and Macbeth (1606). These stories share the same elements considered as tragedy that it is broadly applied especially to dramatic representations of serious actions which eventuate in a disastrous conclusion for the protagonist. Such a protagonist is exhibited as suffering a change in fortune from happiness to misery because of his mistaken choice of an action, to which he is led by his hamartia his error of judgement or, as it is often [wrongly] translated, his tragic flaw (Abrams ). Othello as one of Shakespearean tragedies is interesting to be analyzed, because the whole story does not only involve the formal elements of tragedy such as hamartia, peripeteia, anagnoresis, and catharsis, but also introduces a complexity in positioning the role of the characters. There are many issues that can be observed just by analyzing the characters. However, this paper is going to highlight Iago s traits. Iago is an interesting character to be investigated, because he actually drives the plot of the whole story and twists it with his revenge to Othello. Also, he plays an important role in creating problems among the characters that leads into a tragic end.
3 3 Having 272 speeches and 12 scenes on the stage (Bate and Rasmussen 23), Iago has his own charming way to hypnotize other characters and convince the readers/audiences to believe in him. He contributes to the idea of binary opposition that exists in Othello. Binary opposition is a pair of concepts that has opposite meaning and highlights the notion of otherness in Othello, such as black and white, good and evil, East and West. To some extent, Iago represents the twofaced man, a backstabber, who acts normally in front of his victims. Thus, these points are aligned with the notion of Machiavellian principles. According to The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, Machiavel is a type of stage villain found in Elizabethan and Jacobean drama and named after the political theorists Niccolò Machiavelli, whose notorious book Il Principe (The Prince, 1513) justified the use of dishonest means to retain state power. while Merriam Webster Dictionary (2015) defines the term Machiavellian as the use of clever lies and tricks in order to get or achieve something. It is called Machiavellian, because the principles come from how Niccolo Machiavelli, a Florentine nobleman, observe people in power during Italy s downfall as a result of the invasion from France and Spain during his time of writing The Prince (Gauss 10). The main point of Machiavellian principles is it is often necessary for rulers to use supreme methods in order to achieve power and success. In this context, supreme methods serve the idea of negative senses that ignore other people s feelings. It is because the principles evolve around the idea of manipulating and corrupting others for the individual s personal gain.
4 4 Therefore, Iago and Machiavellian principles are intriguing to be analyzed in this undergraduate thesis as it indicates the possibilities of resemblance between those two. Aside from that, Iago s position and role in Othello are also analyzed to determine his traits for identifying the Machiavellian principles applied in them Objective of the Study The objective of the study is to identify the Machiavellian principles applied in Iago s traits Focus of Examination In line with the objectives of this paper, the focus of examination is the Machiavellian principles and the villainous traits of Iago in Othello Scope of the Study Since this paper examines the characteristics of Iago and his roles in Othello and analyzes the Machiavellian principles applied in them, the scope of the study covers the historical background of how Machiavelli writes The Prince where the principles come from. By examining it, the position and role of Iago can be determined. This enables the present writer to give a clear picture on how people should act to gain power and success that leads to the analysis of Machiavellian principles applied in Iago s traits.
5 Theoretical Approach Dynamic structuralism proposed by Mukarovsky (1975) is applied in this paper, as it is not only approaching the intrinsic element of the play, but also the environment of the society such as cultural and historical background that changes through times. This means that the analysis focuses largely on the primary data taken from the novel while the secondary data are also important to acquire a full comprehension of the novel; as Mukarovsky suggests it in Sastra dan Ilmu Sastra (Teeuw 190): The work of art manifest itself in its inner structure, in its relation to reality, and also in its relation to society, to its creator, and its recipient. In this context, the cultural and social background during the Italian Renaissance and Elizabethan period reflect the relation of both Machiavellian principles and Othello to society and the recipient. According to Hurley (2009), there is no evidence if Machiavelli has influenced Shakespeare. However, Hurley believes that the educated British people have read Machiavelli s book in Italian and Latin version, so they consider Machiavelli as a notion of corruption and treachery. This becomes the motivation of Shakespeare writing about Machiavellian characters in some of his tragedies. As the cultural and social background against which the artifact is perceived changes, the interpretation and evaluation of the work of art will change accordingly (Fokkema 31). The changes are caused by the literary work s function as a communication tool and cultural process that describes thoughts, feelings, and situation. Mukarovsky (1975) believes that as a piece of art, a literary work
6 6 has an aesthetic value that defines how the receiver accepts the dynamic character, leading to the dynamic value and norm. Aesthetic value is not a static concept, but a process that evolves against the background of the actual artistic tradition and in relation to the ever-changing cultural and social context (Fokkema 33). Thus, this undergraduate thesis focuses on how the literary work manifests itself to a certain layer in the society, political view in seeing how power should be gained. It highlights the historical background of Machiavelli that creates the concept of Machiavellian principles to see if they are applied in Iago s traits. Nonetheless, this undergraduate thesis is not going to identify all intrinsic area of the play. It covers only Iago s traits and their connection with Machiavellian principles, analyzing them from Iago s way to deliver his thoughts to the audience and influence other characters Method of Research The method of collecting the data in this study is a library research. The sources are not only taken from the written materials in the library, but also from online databases such as JSTOR to access journals and previous essays about the related topics. Nonetheless, the primary data of the research are taken from the literary work, Shakespeare s Othello. The secondary data are used to support and elaborate the historical background of Shakespeare s lifetime. Concurrently, the method of analyzing the data starts with understanding the position of Shakespeare and the genre of his works. Then, it is narrowed down to tragedy and Othello as one of The Big Four. Iago is taken from the story whose
7 7 traits are analyzed. His dialogues between Iago and other characters are highlighted, because it is important to see him stand out as a conspicuous character throughout the play, especially his soliloquy that invites the audiences attention. After focusing on Iago s traits, Machiavellian principles are investigated by perusing the historical background of how Machiavelli writes The Prince that represents the idea of power, known as Machiavellianism of Machiavelli and its science of statecraft. After that, the major analysis begins with matching Iago s traits and the Machiavellian principles to meet a conclusion if some of them are applied in his traits Literature Review Othello is one of Shakespeare s major works, and there are other researchers who use the literary work as their primary data. However, only a few are found to analyze Iago as a character, and his role in Othello. One of them is Iago s Profile in Othello by William Shakespeare found in Faculty of Cultural Sciences library, written by Estri Oktarena (2004). The theoretical approach is the same as this paper. Both papers are using dynamic structuralism by Mukarovsky, not only approaching the intrinsic criteria of the play, but also the environment outside. Nevertheless, Estri s undergraduate thesis focuses on Othello as a play and emphasizes the theaters life in London such as The Globe, The Chamberlin s Men, etc. She also explains the characters in Othello and reflects women s life in that era which is not discussed in this paper. When the researcher analyzes Iago,
8 8 she does not see it from the Machiavellian s perspectives like this undergraduate thesis. Another similar research done by Ken Jacobsen (2009) from the University of Chicago is Iago s Art of War: The Machiavellian Moment in Othello. He breaks down some prominent dialogues in Othello and compares them with points believed as Machiavellian traits. However, Jacobsen s focus is wider than this paper, because Jacobsen also focuses on other characters and their relation to the military skills. Karl F. Zender (1994) writes a paper entitled The Humiliation of Iago. The similarity with this paper is that it is analyzing Iago s motives from the plot. In spite of that, Zender compares the language in Othello with other Shakespeare s work such as As You Like It without mentioning any of Machiavellian characteristics. R.M.Christofides (2010), in Early Modern Literature Studies, writes Iago and Equivocation: The Seclution and Damnation of Othello. He highlights the language used by Iago as a villain and how it influences Othello as the tragic hero. Christofides analyzes the characteristics of Iago, but unlike this research, he uses post-structuralist theory as the approach. Robert C. Evans (2001) in his essay Flattery in Shakespeare s Othello: The Relevance of Plutarch and Sir Thomas Elyot mentions Iago as a satanic Machiavel (2), but he compares the play with Plutarch s Moralia, a work that is not discussed in this paper. Also, Evans does not give a deep analysis on why he
9 9 considers Iago as a satanic Machiavel. His focus is only comparing Iago with Plutarch s Moralia. Therefore, this paper is different from the ones mentioned previously, because its focus is narrowed only to Iago from Othello as a villain and analyzes the Machiavellian principles applied in Iago s traits Presentation This paper is divided into four chapters. Chapter one is introduction. The following chapter two describes the intrinsic elements of Othello and the historical background of Machiavelli. Chapter three emphasizes on the Machiavellian principles in Iago s traits. The last chapter is the conclusion.
William Shakespeare. The Seven Ages of Bill Shakespeare s life
William Shakespeare The Seven Ages of Bill Shakespeare s life Biography Biography Born April 23, 1564 in Statford-upon-Avon, England Biography Born April 23, 1564 in Statford-upon-Avon, England Died April
More informationJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare
Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare Big Ideas: Ambition, Loyalty, Leadership, and Integrity Essential Questions: How did the era in which Shakespeare lived influence and reflect his writing? When is ambition
More informationAn Introduction to: William Shakespeare
An Introduction to: William Shakespeare 1564-1616 What do we know about his upbringing? He was born on April 23, 1564 in the What do we know about town of Stratford-upon-Avon, England. his upbringing?
More informationAn Introduction to: William Shakespeare
An Introduction to: William Shakespeare 1564-1616 William Shakespeare What do we know about his upbringing? William Shakespeare He was born on April 23, 1564 in the What do we know about town of Stratford-upon-Avon,
More informationTRAITS OF SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY
TRAITS OF SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY Ph. D. Student, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, (GJ), INDIA. Shakespeare s tragic plays are the beautiful combination of Aristotelian tradition and plays of Seneca. There
More informationShakespeare s Othello
Shakespeare s Othello "I WILL WEAR MY HEART UPON MY SLEEVE FOR DAWS TO PECK AT; I AM NOT WHAT I AM." (ACT I, SCENE I, LINES 64-65) William Shakespeare Born in April 1564 in Stratford-on- Avon Received
More informationMr. Pettine / Ms. Owens English 9 7 April 2015
Mr. Pettine / Ms. Owens English 9 7 April 2015 Shakespeare Shakespeare was born the third of eight children in 1564 in Stratford, England. His father was a shopkeeper. William attended grammar school where
More informationELEMENT OF TRAGEDY Introduction to Oedipus Rex DEFINE:TRAGEDY WHAT DOES TRAGEDY OFFER THE AUDIENCE??? Your thoughts?
ELEMENT OF TRAGEDY Introduction to Oedipus Rex 1 DEFINE:TRAGEDY calamity: an event resulting in great loss and misfortune; "the whole city was affected by the irremediable calamity"; "the earthquake was
More informationWilliam Shakespeare ( ) England s genius
William Shakespeare (1564-1616) England s genius 1. Why do we study Shakespeare? his plays are the greatest literary texts of all times; they express a profound knowledge of human behaviour; they transmit
More informationThe History and the Culture of His Time
The History and the Culture of His Time 1564 London :, England, fewer than now live in. Oklahoma City Elizabeth I 1558 1603 on throne from to. Problems of the times: violent clashes between Protestants
More informationDrama Second Year Lecturer: Marwa Sami Hussein. and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to
University of Tikrit College of Education for Humanities English Department Drama Second Year- 2017-2018 Lecturer: Marwa Sami Hussein Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited
More informationElizabethan Drama. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare
Elizabethan Drama The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare Elizabethan Theater Retains much of Greek Drama No female actresses--female parts played by young boys Much dialogue poetry:
More informationWilliam Shakespeare "The Bard"
William Shakespeare "The Bard" Biography "To be, or not to be? That is the question." Born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon Parents came from money Married Anne Hathaway (26) when he was 18 yrs. old Had
More informationWilliam Shakespeare. Widely regarded as the greatest writer in English Literature
William Shakespeare Widely regarded as the greatest writer in English Literature Shakespeare 1563-1616 Stratford-on-Avon, England wrote 37 plays about 154 sonnets started out as an actor Stage Celebrity
More informationABOUT THIS GUIDE. Dear Educator,
ABOUT THIS GUIDE Dear Educator, This Activity Guide is designed to be used in conjunction with a unique book about the life and plays of William Shakespeare called The Shakespeare Timeline Wallbook, published
More informationWhat is drama? Drama comes from a Greek word meaning action In classical theatre, there are two types of drama:
TRAGEDY AND DRAMA What is drama? Drama comes from a Greek word meaning action In classical theatre, there are two types of drama: Comedy: Where the main characters usually get action Tragedy: Where violent
More informationAnswer the questions after each scene to ensure comprehension.
Act 1 Answer the questions after each scene to ensure comprehension. 1) When the act first opens, explain why Bernardo is on edge? 2) What are the rumors concerning young Fortinbras? 3) What do the guards
More informationIntroduction to Shakespeare Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan Video: 18 minutes Lesson: 32 minutes Pre-viewing :00 Warm-up: Ask students what their experiences with Shakespeare s plays have been. Do they find it hard to understand his plays? 2 minutes
More informationWho Was Shakespeare?
Who Was Shakespeare? Bard of Avon = poet of Avon 37 plays are attributed to him, but there is great controversy over the authorship. 154 Sonnets. Some claim many authors wrote under one name. In Elizabethan
More informationSHAKESPEARE ENG 1-2 (H)
SHAKESPEARE ENG 1-2 (H) SHAKESPEARE 101 Name: William Shakespeare Date of Birth: April 23, 1564 Place of Birth: Stra>ord-upon-Avon, England Educa5on: Grammar School Married: Anne Hathaway; 1582 Children:
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Studying English as a foreign language is in accordance with the meaning, found in the Koran (Ar-Rum: 22) as follows: Based on the verse above, God has
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION CTIAPTER I INTRODUCTION l.l Background of the Study. Language and literature have a very close relationship because literature uses words as its instruments. Literature is also known
More informationThe Works Of Shakespeare: The Tragedy Of Hamlet... By William Shakespeare READ ONLINE
The Works Of Shakespeare: The Tragedy Of Hamlet... By William Shakespeare READ ONLINE Hamlet, in full Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, tragedy in five acts by William Shakespeare, written about 1599 1601 and
More information1. Literature Terminology
1. Literature Terminology Evaluating literature means you have to have the vocabulary to reference specific elements of literature. 1.1 Plot 1.2 Setting 1.3 Characters 1.4 Point of View 1.5 Symbol and
More informationKnowledge Organiser. Year 7 English Romeo and Juliet
Knowledge Organiser Year 7 English Romeo and Juliet Enquiry Question: Romeo and Juliet Big questions that will help you answer this enquiry question: 1) To what extent is the downfall of Romeo and Juliet
More informationWhat is drama? The word drama comes from the Greek word for action. Drama is written to be performed by actors and watched by an audience.
Shakespeare What is drama? The word drama comes from the Greek word for action. Drama is written to be performed by actors and watched by an audience. DRAMA Consists of two types of writing The dialogue
More informationNovel Ties. A Study Guide Written By Mary Peitz Edited by Joyce Friedland and Rikki Kessler. LEARNING LINKS P.O. Box 326 Cranbury New Jersey 08512
Novel Ties A Study Guide Written By Mary Peitz Edited by Joyce Friedland and Rikki Kessler LEARNING LINKS P.O. Box 326 Cranbury New Jersey 08512 TABLE OF CONTENTS Synopsis.....................................
More informationIntroduction to Drama. A Western New England College Presentation
Introduction to Drama A Western New England College Presentation Definition Unlike short stories or novels, plays are written for the express purpose of performance. Actors play roles and present the storyline
More informationPETERS TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT CORE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE ADVANCED PLACEMENT LITERATURE AND COMPOSITION GRADE 12
PETERS TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT CORE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE ADVANCED PLACEMENT LITERATURE AND COMPOSITION GRADE 12 For each section that follows, students may be required to analyze, recall, explain, interpret,
More informationGet ready to take notes!
Get ready to take notes! Organization of Society Rights and Responsibilities of Individuals Material Well-Being Spiritual and Psychological Well-Being Ancient - Little social mobility. Social status, marital
More informationCourse Title: World Literature I Board Approval Date: 07/21/14 Credit / Hours: 0.5 credit. Course Description:
Course Title: World Literature I Board Approval Date: 07/21/14 Credit / Hours: 0.5 credit Course Description: World Literature I is a senior level English course designed for students to confront some
More informationIntroduction to Drama & the World of Shakespeare
Introduction to Drama & the World of Shakespeare What Is Drama? A play is a story acted out, live and onstage. Structure of a Drama Like the plot of a story, the plot of a drama follows a rising and falling
More informationD.K.M.COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS),VELLORE-1.
D.K.M.COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS),VELLORE-1. SHAKESPEARE II M.A. ENGLISH QUESTION BANK UNIT -1: HAMLET SECTION-A 6 MARKS 1) Is Hamlet primarily a tragedy of revenge? 2) Discuss Hamlet s relationship
More informationELA, GRADE 8 Sixth Six Weeks. Introduction to the patterns in William Shakespeare s plays and sonnets as well as identifying Archetypes in his works
ELA, GRADE 8 Sixth Six Weeks Introduction to the patterns in William Shakespeare s plays and sonnets as well as identifying Archetypes in his works UNIT OVERVIEW Students will study William Shakespeare,
More informationD.K.M.COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS),VELLORE-1. SHAKESPEARE
D.K.M.COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS),VELLORE-1. SHAKESPEARE III B.A., ENGLISH SUB CODE: 15CEN5B UNIT-I SECTION-A 2 Marks 1. Mention the kinds of Audience in Elizabethan age. 2. Who are groundlings? 3.
More informationPerforming Shakespeare s Tragedies Today
Performing Shakespeare s Tragedies Today What does it mean to perform Shakespeare s Elizabethan and Jacobean tragedies in the modern theatre? This book brings together the reflections of a number of major
More informationFriends, Romans, countrymen, lend me. Introduction to Shakespeare and Julius Caesar
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears Introduction to Shakespeare and Julius Caesar Who was he? William Shakespeare (baptized April 26, 1564 died April 23, 1616) was an English poet and playwright
More informationSupplement to the Syllabus Professor Yen. Table of Contents. Taking Notes 2. Reading Shakespeare 2
Supplement to the Syllabus Professor Yen Table of Contents Topic Page Numbers Taking Notes 2 Reading Shakespeare 2 Explication (includes instructions and an example) 2-5 Test 5 Short Paper 6 Essay Format
More informationWhat Is Drama? Drama is literature written for performance to be acted out for a live audience.
Drama What Is Drama? Drama is literature written for performance to be acted out for a live audience. Dramatic Structure Like the plot of a story, the plot of a play involves characters who face a problem
More informationThe Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet
The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet Unit Project As a culmination to our unit on Romeo and Juliet, you will be completing a final project for evaluation. This assignment can be completed either individually
More informationThe Tragedy of Macbeth, Act 1. Shakespeare, 10 th English p
The Tragedy of Macbeth, Act 1 Shakespeare, 10 th English p.210-230 Read pages 210-211 1. What are archetypes in literature? 2. What is a tragedy? 3. In a tragedy, the main character, who is usually involved
More informationFACTFILE: GCE ENGLISH LITERATURE
FACTFILE: GCE ENGLISH LITERATURE STARTING POINTS SHAKESPEAREAN GENRES Shakespearean Genres In this Unit there are 5 Assessment Objectives involved AO1, AO2, AO3, A04 and AO5. AO1: Textual Knowledge and
More informationWhat is drama? The word drama comes from the Greek word for action. Drama is written to be performed by actors and watched by an audience.
What is drama? The word drama comes from the Greek word for action. Drama is written to be performed by actors and watched by an audience. DRAMA Consists of two types of writing Can be presented in two
More informationShakepeare and his Time. Code: ECTS Credits: 6. Degree Type Year Semester
2017/2018 Shakepeare and his Time Code: 100266 ECTS Credits: 6 Degree Type Year Semester 2500245 English Studies OT 3 0 2500245 English Studies OT 4 0 Contact Name: Jordi Coral Escola Email: Jordi.Coral@uab.cat
More informationA biographical look at William Shakespeare s Life
A biographical look at William Shakespeare s Life SHAKESPEARE S CHILDHOOD Born April 23, 1564 to John Shakespeare and Mary in Stratford Upon Avon. John Shakespeare, William s father, was a tanner by trade.
More informationCurriculum Pacing Guide Grade/Course 12 th Grade English Grading Period: 1 st Nine Weeks
2013-2014 Curriculum Pacing Guide Grade/Course 12 th Grade English Grading Period: 1 st Nine Weeks Unit/ Weeks 1-9 Unit 1: Anglo-Saxon Period 1450-1066 s covered in s covered in this nine The Lyric Poem/
More informationSchool District of Springfield Township
School District of Springfield Township Springfield Township High School Course Overview Course Name: English 12 Academic Course Description English 12 (Academic) helps students synthesize communication
More informationSeymour Public Schools Curriculum Early British Literature
Curriculum Heroes, Villains, and Monsters This course provides a study of selected early major works in British Literature and their relationship to the present-day. Students will be encouraged to search
More informationWebquest Top 1, 3, or 5 Container
Step 1 Take out your homework. Step 2 Write down today s date and title. Step 3 Journal Webquest Top 1, 3, or 5 Container Introduction to Shakespeare 2/6/17 Journal 29: HOMEWORK Do you think homework is
More informationSpring Board Unit 3. Literary Terms. Directions: Write the definition of each literary term. 1. Dramatic irony. 2. Verbal irony. 3.
Literary Terms Directions: Write the definition of each literary term. 1. Dramatic irony 2. Verbal irony 3. Situational irony 4. Epithet Literary Terms Directions: Use each literary term in a sentence
More informationIntroduction to Shakespeare s Othello. Then must you speak Of one that loved not wisely, but too well
Introduction to Shakespeare s Othello Then must you speak Of one that loved not wisely, but too well William Shakespeare Born in April 1564 in Stratfordon-Avon Received a classical education including
More informationRomeo. Juliet. and. William Shakespeare. Materials for: Language and Literature Valley Southwoods High School
Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare Materials for: Language and Literature Valley Southwoods High School All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players... (from Shakespeare s As You
More informationHAMLET. Why Hamlet? Page 1
Why Hamlet? The first thing to remember is that Hamlet was not written to be studied by students in a school or college. It was written to be performed. And despite the fact that you may spend time reading
More informationEnglish : Shakespeare on Screen
English 190-03: Shakespeare on Screen Professor Newstok Fall 2008 newstoks@rhodes.edu WRF 2:00-3:00pm Office: Palmer 310 Rhodes Tower 410 Office hours: M 9am-noon; MWF 3 4pm; or by appointment Course description
More informationSpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10-11
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.L.6 Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career
More informationa release of emotional tension
Aeschylus writer of tragedies; wrote Oresteia; proposed the idea of having two actors and using props and costumes; known as the father of Greek tragedy anagnorisis antistrophe Aristotle Aristotle's 3
More informationInstructions. Question. Student Name: Pickering High School ENG3U Exam 2 hours June Teacher: Mr. Davis
3U Exam Review Pickering High School ENG3U Exam 2 hours June 2014 Teacher: Mr. Davis Important: To get full credit for your answer paper, you must hand in the question sheet with it. Student Name: Instructions
More informationMonday, September 17 th
Monday, September 17 th For tomorrow, please make sure you ve read Oedipus Rex: Prologue - Ode 2 (pp. 3-47). We ll begin class by discussing your questions, so please make notes in your text As you begin
More informationMrs. Shirey - Shakespeare Notes January 2019 The Renaissance Theatre & William Shakespeare
The Renaissance Theatre & William Shakespeare Eng IV MacBeth & Hamlet Mrs. Shirey William Shakespeare Biographical Information: Baptism April 26, 1564 -- no known birth-date Born in Stratford-upon-Avon
More informationIntroduction to Drama
Part I All the world s a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... William Shakespeare What attracts me to
More informationA Midsummer Night s Dream
A Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare Abridged version by Andrew Matthews Year 3 PSHE Geographical Focus Love Marriage Unrequited Love Love comes in different forms: friendship, family, marriage
More informationRomeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare
Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare Author Bio Full Name: William Shakespeare Date of Birth: 1564 Place of Birth: Stratford-upon- Avon, England Date of Death: 1616 Brief Life Story Shakespeare s father
More informationEnglish 12A. Syllabus. Course Overview. Course Goals
Syllabus English 12A Course Overview English is the study of the creation and analysis of literature written in the English language. In English 12A you will explore the relation between British history
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. Studying literature is interesting and gives some pleasure. in mind, but fewer readers are able to appreciate it.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of The Study Studying literature is interesting and gives some pleasure in mind, but fewer readers are able to appreciate it. They have no impression to the works
More information9/19/2011. Died April 23, 1616 He left his wife the second best bed in the house
The Bard and His Times Born in April 1564 at Stratford-on-Avon John Shakespeare (father) tanner, glover, dealer in grain town official (alderman, and later mayor) Mary (mother) was a daughter of Robert
More informationIntroduction to Greek Drama. LITR 220 Ms. Davis
Introduction to Greek Drama LITR 220 Ms. Davis Origin of Drama Drama was developed by the ancient Greeks during annual celebrations honoring Dionysus. Dionysus is the god of the vine, which produces grapes
More informationTwelfth Night Study Guide. The Hilarity of Mistaken Identity
The Hilarity of Mistaken Identity When aristocratic-born Viola is shipwrecked off the shores of Illyria, she disguises herself as a man named Cesario to earn a position in Duke Orsino s household. As she
More informationPlagiarism and Copyright Issues
Plagiarism and Copyright Issues Introduction What is plagiarism? Identifying plagiarism Using parenthetical citations What is common knowledge? Talk About It Your Turn Introduction How would you feel if
More information1. TEXTBOOKS: Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes The British Tradition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000.
SYLLABUS FALL 2005 CLASS: ENGLISH IV SUBJECT: BRITISH LITERATURE INSTRUCTOR: DEBORAH NICOLEAU Telephone: 718 639-1752 REQUIRED MATERIALS: 1. TEXTBOOKS: Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes The
More informationCHAPTER - IX CONCLUSION. Shakespeare's plays cannot be categorically classified. into tragedies and comediesin- strictly formal terms.
CHAPTER - IX CONCLUSION Shakespeare's plays cannot be categorically classified into tragedies and comediesin- strictly formal terms. The comedies are not totally devoid of tragic elements while the tragedies
More informationIntro to R&J 4/1/15. Welcome Work: LO: Do I understand the historical context of Shakespeare?
Intro to R&J 4/1/15 LO: Do I understand the historical context of Shakespeare? Welcome Work: Label your piece of paper with the title, date, and LO. Complete a brainstorm of all the words you think of
More informationEnglish Renaissance Theatre History
English Renaissance Theatre History Inn-yard: Courtyard of Carrier Inn, served as stages for early English dramas Beargarden: Ring where packs of dogs were released to maul chained bears or bulls, early
More informationLitchart Hamlet Download or Read Online ebook litchart hamlet in PDF Format From The Best User Guide Database
Litchart Free PDF ebook Download: Litchart Download or Read Online ebook litchart hamlet in PDF Format From The Best User Guide Database From What Happens in (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1959),
More informationDRAMA Greek Drama: Tragedy TRAGEDY: CLASSICAL TRAGEDY harmatia paripateia: hubris
DRAMA Drama involves its audience ill a complete experience --elicits audience responses that run the gamut of human emotions. Greek Drama Antigone" by Sophocles- 5 th century B. C. Elizabethan Drama The
More informationGRADE 7 FINAL DRAMA EXAM STUDY GUIDE CRITERION A. Memorize Terms and Definitions
GRADE 7 FINAL DRAMA EXAM STUDY GUIDE CRITERION A Memorize Terms and Definitions Translation of drama from Ancient Greek Definitions of terms: drama (as a process and dramatic dictionary definition), theatre,
More informationVirginia English 12, Semester A
Syllabus Virginia English 12, Semester A Course Overview English is the study of the creation and analysis of literature written in the English language. In Virginia English 12, Semester A, you will explore
More informationShakespeare And The Prince Of Love: The Feast Of Misrule In The Middle Temple By Anthony Arlidge READ ONLINE
Shakespeare And The Prince Of Love: The Feast Of Misrule In The Middle Temple By Anthony Arlidge READ ONLINE Amazon.com: Pericles, Prince of Tyre - Pericles, Prince of Tyre is the story of one man's exploits
More informationThe Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark William Shakespeare Introduction Background Discussion Starters The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark William Shakespeare Images provided by Jupiter Images and
More informationCONFLICT OF INTEREST IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE S KING LEAR: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE S KING LEAR: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH Research Paper Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English
More informationB.A. Honours:16 th and 17 th century Literature. Prepared by: Dr. Iqbal Judge Asso.Prof. PG Dept of English
B.A. Honours:16 th and 17 th century Literature Prepared by: Dr. Iqbal Judge Asso.Prof. PG Dept of English Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama Elizabethan age: reign of Queen Elizabeth I* ( 1558-1603) Elizabethan
More informationREINTERPRETING SHAKESPEARE with JACKIE FRENCH Education Resources: Grade 9-12
REINTERPRETING SHAKESPEARE with JACKIE FRENCH Education Resources: Grade 9-12 The following resources have been developed to take your Word Play experience from festival to classroom. Written and compiled
More informationSummary. Things I will be marking more closely in your next essay:
Essay Feedback Summary Things I will be marking more closely in your next essay: 1) Title 2) Adverbs, or unnecessary words, and other culprits 3) Plan of Development (either missing, or run on sentences
More informationRomeo and Juliet Vocabulary
Romeo and Juliet Vocabulary Drama Literature in performance form includes stage plays, movies, TV, and radio/audio programs. Most plays are divided into acts, with each act having an emotional peak, or
More information1- Who were the ancient Greek plays written about? 2- The festival was the one where the Greeks gathered to perform their plays.
GREEK HISTORY ******DO NOT LOSE****** Name: Worth 100 Points 1- Who were the ancient Greek plays written about? 2- The festival was the one where the Greeks gathered to perform their plays. 3- In what
More informationAIM: To examine and critique the production elements and directorial vision.
DEAD ONSTAGE AIM: To examine and critique the production elements and directorial vision. The Director s Vision Director, Simon Phillips Research the work of director, Simon Phillips. http://www.hlamgt.com.au/client/simon-phillips/
More informationIntroduction to Greek Drama. Honors English 10 Mrs. Paine
Introduction to Greek Drama Honors English 10 Mrs. Paine Origin of Drama Drama was developed by the ancient Greeks during celebrations honoring Dionysus. Dionysus is the god of the vine, which produces
More informationUnity of Time: 9. In a few sentences, identify and describe Creon: Unity of Action: 10. In a few sentences, identify and describe Jocasta:
Name Date Period Honors 10 th Grade World Literature and Composition Unit 2 Exam Study Guide INSTRUCTIONS: In order to help you prepare for your second unit exam on Greek and Shakespearean tragedies complete
More informationCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION. 1-1 Background
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1-1 Background In studying literature one of the most aspects of it is understanding what has been termed as literary devices in general. This term in literature is always a place
More informationIntroduction to Your Teacher s Pack!
Who Shot Shakespeare ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/14 AN INTERACTING PUBLICATION LAUGH WHILE YOU LEARN Shakespeare's GlobeTheatre, Bankside, Southwark, London. Introduction to Your Teacher s Pack! Dear Teachers.
More informationUC Berkeley 2016 SURF Conference Proceedings
UC Berkeley 2016 SURF Conference Proceedings Title 400 Years Fresh The Elizabethan Era Stage Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03k3s7q8 Author Alexander, Peter Publication Date 2016-10-01 Undergraduate
More informationA Doll s House. Teaching Unit. Advanced Placement in English Literature and Composition. Individual Learning Packet.
Advanced Placement in English Literature and Composition Individual Learning Packet Teaching Unit by Henrik Ibsen Written by Ashlin Bray Copyright 2006 by Prestwick House Inc., P.O. Box 658, Clayton, DE
More informationSiddhartha supplemental text. Teacher generated handouts. Teacher generated handouts. Handouts from articles about college essays
RL-Siddhartha RL -5, 11 Background Information - Contrast Eastern and Western religions - review principles of Hinduism and Buddhism - Identify novel as an allegory - Review symbolism and identify setting
More informationBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS
BOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Literary Forms POETRY Verse Epic Poetry Dramatic Poetry Lyric Poetry SPECIALIZED FORMS Dramatic Monologue EXERCISE: DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE Epigram Aphorism EXERCISE: EPIGRAM
More informationOn Tragic Heroes: A Comparative Study of Hamlet and The Orphan of Chao
ISSN 1799-2591 Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 5, No. 10, pp. 2076-2082, October 2015 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0510.14 On Tragic Heroes: A Comparative Study of Hamlet and The
More informationEssential Question(s):
Course Title: Advanced Placement Unit 2, October Unit 1, September How do characters within the play develop and evolve? How does the author use elements of a play to create effect within the play? How
More informationIMMACULATE CONCEPTION HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH DEPARTMENT GRADE NINE ENGLISH LITERATURE REVISED SYLLABUS 2017-2018 GENERAL AIMS: In addition to those stated for Grades Seven and Eight 1. To introduce students
More informationYear 13 COMPARATIVE ESSAY STUDY GUIDE Paper
Year 13 COMPARATIVE ESSAY STUDY GUIDE Paper 2 2015 Contents Themes 3 Style 9 Action 13 Character 16 Setting 21 Comparative Essay Questions 29 Performance Criteria 30 Revision Guide 34 Oxford Revision Guide
More informationMYRIAD-MINDED SHAKESPEARE
MYRIAD-MINDED SHAKESPEARE Myriad-tninded Shakespeare Essays, chiefly on the tragedies and problem comedies E. A. J. Honigmann Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978-1-349-19816-0 ISBN 978-1-349-19814-6 (ebook) DOI
More informationELA 9 Elements of Drama - Study Guide
Elements of Drama - Study Guide 1. Plot - the sequence of events or incidents of which the story is composed. A. Conflict is a clash of actions, ideas, desires, or wills. 1. Person against person. 2. Person
More informationWilliam Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in He married Anne Hathaway when he was 18. Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564. He married Anne Hathaway when he was 18. Shakespeare went to London to work as an actor and playwright around 1592. He died
More information