MIDDLE SCHOOL LITERATURE LABORATORY 1ST SEMESTER. 1-.Read the following text. Highlight important information.

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1 Name: Date: Teacher: Miss Miriam Ramirez Grade: 1A A)WHAT IS A BALLAD? 1-.Read the following text. Highlight important information. A ballad is a narrative poem that often retells the story of a heroic deed, a legend or a recent event. The structure of a ballad: have an orientation, complication and resolution Often have an ending that is tragic or sad are traditionally shared orally (passed on by word of mouth), so they can change over time and sometimes have an anonymous author may contain verses or stanzas of four lines (known as quatrains) may contain repetition of stanzas (a chorus) or repeated lines where a certain word is changed can have a question and answer format one stanza presents the question and the next one answers the question. The language in a ballad: include language that focuses on actions and dialogue include language that indirectly conveys information about the characters, relationships, events, time period and setting (i.e. so the audience has to infer meanings) are often written in third or first person Usually have a rhyming pattern of either abac, aabb or abcb have a regular beat (metrical) structure are often written in complete sentences include language that is selected to convey a particular mood or evoke an emotional response. 2. According to the text you just read answer the questions. What is the often ending? What can a Ballad contain? What can a Ballad Include? What they often have? What is a Ballad? P á g i n a 1 8

2 B) DICTIONARY AND THESARUS 3. Read the following text and highlight the most important facts. Dictionary vs Thesaurus Dictionaries and thesauri are reference books for words. A Dictionary contains alphabetical lists of words that includes the meaning, etymology and pronunciation while the thesaurus is a book that contains synonyms and even antonyms. A dictionary explains the meaning of a word and shows how it is spelled and used. A thesaurus is a book that contains words that can be used in place of another word. Unlike the dictionary, the words in a thesaurus are arranged either alphabetically (just like the dictionary) or thematically (words of similar meanings grouped together). While a dictionary defines a word, a thesaurus gives a choice of words for each entry. A thesaurus is very beneficial for people like writers and business people who want different words that convey the message in a better way. Some thesaurus may also contain phrases, sentences and clauses with the words that make it easy to understand. One can come across student thesauruses and esoteric thesauruses. Regarding dictionaries, one can come across different types. Some dictionaries use the International Phonetic Alphabet, while others use the alphabet to show pronunciation. Most dictionaries are not just limited to word meanings but also explain the different usages and the parts of speech. They may also contain antonyms. Apart from the English dictionaries, one can come across language dictionaries and also bilingual dictionaries. There are also dictionaries for specialized areas such as medicine and geography. 4. Do a comparative chart and write what makes the dictionary and Thesaurus different or similar. P á g i n a 2 8

3 DICTIONARY THESAURUS SIMILAR: SIMILAR: DIFERENT: DIFERENT: 5. Answer the questions: 1. What is the difference between a dictionary and a thesaurus? 2. How do you find a word in the dictionary? 3. How and why do you use a thesaurus? 4. What is the difference between a synonym and an antonym? 6. Search for the definition of the following EECU words. Dictionary Definition Thesaurus Synonym Antonym P á g i n a 3 8

4 Prefix Suffix Root Word C) THE PARTS OF THE PLOT Remember from your Novel Introduction module that the plot has several different points that can be visualized by using the plot pyramid diagram. 7. Create a short story, using the Parts of the Plot. P á g i n a 4 8

5 8. Select the Proper Name for the Exercise. D)PERFECT POINT OF VIEW A story can have many different points of view. Three possible perspectives are first person, third person, and omniscient. Readers can recognize the type of point of view in the story based on certain words the narrator uses. 9. Read the following information, Highlight important information. P á g i n a 5 8

6 10. Copy the highlighted information from the text above in the following lines. E) IRONY 11. Complete the following examples, using the following definitions. 1. Verbal Irony: Verbal Irony occurs when a character says one thing but means something else. This type of irony is also known as sarcasm. For example, a parent might reveal verbal irony, or sarcasm, by showing up at the door of an extremely messy room and commenting, "I've never seen your room this clean before! You are grounded." Clearly, the parent revealed sarcasm when commenting about the cleanliness of the room. 2. Situational Irony: Situational Irony happens when something happens that the reader does not expect to happen. For example, if someone robs a thief in a story, that portrays situational irony. Readers would not expect a thief who robs others to be the one who gets robbed. 3. Dramatic Irony: Dramatic Irony appears when the readers know something the character does not know. For example, in scary stories, the reader often knows where the bad guy hides, but the character does not. As the character approaches the hiding spot, the readers may experience heightened suspense due to the dramatic irony. Give one example of Verbal Irony Give one example of Situational Irony P á g i n a 6 8

7 Give an example of Dramatic Irony. 12. Create a Mind Map about Perfect Point of View. P á g i n a 7 8

8 13. Create a Mind Map about Types of Irony. P á g i n a 8 8