Operating Instructions. Unit Contents. Emphasis, Ellipsis and Inversion. How to Find the Equivalent Items (1) Operating Instructions

Transcription

1 Unit Seven Operating Instructions Unit Contents Part I Part II Listening & Speaking Retelling Grammar Learning Emphasis, Ellipsis and Inversion Part III Part IV Part V Reading How to Find the Equivalent Items (1) Applied Writing Operating Instructions Translation Translation of Long Sentences (1)

2 Part I Listening & Speaking Listening Practice Task 1 Directions: This task is to test your ability to give proper responses. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer. Each question will be spoken twice. 1. A. Yes, I am. B. Yes, I did. C. Yes, I will. D. No, I am not. 2. A. French B, Japanese C. Chinese D. English 3. A. Tomorrow. B. Yesterday. C. Three days. D. No, I didn t. 4. A. I am Du Hui. B. It s me. C. This is Hui. D. Nice to hear you. 5. A. That s a good idea. B. That s right. C. Thanks. D. That s OK. Task 2 Directions: This task is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer. Each dialogue will be spoken twice. 6. A. Half. B. Three quarters. C. One third. D. None. 7. A. It s produced in Zhengzhou. B. It s produced in Shanghai. C. It s produced in East and South China. D. It s produced in Guangzhou. 8. A. They cut wheat and grow rice. B. They cut rice and grow wheat. C. They have a good rest at home. D. They often go swimming in the river. 9. A. Behind the lab building. B. On the lab building. C. Around the lab building. D. In front of the lab building.

3 10. A. On Channel Forty. B. On Channel Five. C. On Channel Two. D. On Channel Four. Task 3 Directions: In this task you will hear a recorded passage. The passage is printed here but with some words or phrases missing. You are required to put the missing words or phrases in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. The passage will be read three times. Now the passage will begin. Do not take the medicine any more than the suggested dosage unless directed by a doctor. Keep the medicine away from the 11 of children under six years old; patients with high blood 12,heart disease or stomach trouble are forbidden to take this medicine. The preparation may cause 13. Do not drive or operate any machine while taking this medicine. Chronic cough, which usually lasts a long time, is 14 and harmful. If your cough continues to be as bad as before within three days, 15 use and ask your doctor for advice. Speaking Activities Activity Directions: Read aloud the following dialogues based on Launching a New Product. You could practice role-play with your partner, changing the information into your own. Dialogue A. Introduction of New Product Liu Li: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to this exhibition of our products. I m Liu Li, sales manager of the company. Now I d like to give you a brief account of our new product-the Model G Lamp. A: Excuse me. What kind of customer is this new lamp aimed at? Liu Li: Well, there is no specific target. Generally speaking, it s good for people of all ages, Especially for young kids. B: What special features does this lamp have? Liu Li: It is different from ordinary lamps, whose strong light may be harmful to people s eyes. This lamp is particularly designed to protect people s eyes from possible harm. So, we call it an Eye-Protector or an Eye-Protecting Lamp. A: Can the brightness of the light be controlled? Liu Li: Yes, that s one of the features of this lamp. Look here. We have a special knob that does the job. B: How about the price? Is it very expensive? Liu Li: Well, the price is a little higher than that of ordinary lamps, but 旋钮

4 still reasonable. I m sure you ll find it worth the money. B: Thank you. 合理的 Dialogue B. At the 4S Store Assistant: Good morning, Sir. Can I help you? Customer: I d like to buy a car. Recommend one for me? 推荐, 介绍 Assistant: Is it for personal or business use? Customer: It s for personal use. Would you tell me some more details? Assistant: With pleasure. Why not go to the showroom? I ll show you around. We have many models displayed there. Customer: Great! Let s go. Assistant: Look! All our new models are here. I think there is one type that suit you. Customer: I hope so. Assistant: Sir, how about this one? This car has excellent safety features, like the dual air bags and ABS brakes. Compared with the old types, this type is improved in exterior design and tint. It 色泽 offers high level of comfort and eye-catching styling. And some optional equipments are also offered. Customer: It look really nice! But it s a little more than I want to pay. Assistant: Oh, how about that yellow one? It has the characteristics of small volume, stable property, safety and reliability, low fuel consumption, long life in service. Besides, the price is moderate. 公道的 Customer: It s quite good. But I prefer the white color. Assistant: Oh, the white ones of this type are out of stock. Can you wait? Customer: O.K. if not waiting for a long time. Assistant: It would not keep you waiting for more than one week. Please fill in this form, and I ll call you as soon as possible. Customer: All right! Thank you for your help. Assistant: My please. Words and Expressions in This Part knob [ncb]n. 门把, 拉手 ; 旋钮, 调节器 recommend [rek[5mend]vt. 推荐, 介绍, 建议 tint [tint]n. 色泽, 色调 moderate [5mCd[rit]adj. 中等的, 适度的 ;( 价钱 ) 公道的 ; 温和的

5 Retelling 复述是一种很好的自我训练口语 记忆单词和句子的形式 复述是指听磁带后复述 复述有两种功能, 即 : 一 练听力 练口语表达能力 二 可以提高注意力的集中程度, 提高听的效果, 还可以提高记忆力, 克服听完就忘的毛病

6 Part II Grammar Learning Emphasis, Ellipsis and Inversion A. Emphasis ( 强调 ) 强调是一种交流信息的交际手段, 为了便于听者或读者更好地了解你所要表达的内容, 人们往往使用强调这种手段 在英语中, 可以利用语音手段 语法手段 词汇手段 修辞手段等来强调突出句中的某一成分, 以达到强调的目的 1 强调句型结构 : 基本结构 :It is(was) + 被强调部分 ( 主语, 宾语或状语 )+ who / that + 其他成分一般说来, 强调人时用 who, whom, 强调物时用 that 该结构不能强调动词, 即谓语 (1) 强调句中的主语 宾语 状语, 如 : 原句 : My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语 : It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调宾语 : It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间 : It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. ( 注意不用 when) 强调地点 : It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. (2) 强调结构可用于特殊疑问句和感叹句 如 : Who it was that left the door open? What a beautiful picture it was that Mary painted! (3) 强调结构可用于强调状语从句 如 : It is because English is very useful that I study it so hard. It is only when you nearly lose something that you can realize how much you value it. (4) 否定词可用于强调结构中 如 : It was not I who am late. It is not you who are responsible for the accident. It is not a novel but a play that he is writing. (5) not until 句型的强调, 意思为 直到 才 It was not until ten o clock that he went to bed. It was not until last year that the economic situation of this plant became better. 2. 强调谓语动词强调谓语需用 助动词 do /does /did + 动词原形 的形式 如 : If you do have difficulties, it is better to try once again another day. ( 如果你确实有困难, 最好改天再做 ) Do telephone me when you arrive there. ( 到了那儿请务必给我来电话 )

7 She does go there every day.( 她确实每天都去那里 ) He did go home yesterday. ( 昨天他确实回家了 ) B. Ellipsis ( 省略 ) 英语句子从形式上看, 有完全句和省略句两种 在口语或书面语中, 为了避免重复上下文已经出现过的词语和句子成分, 可以采用省略句的形式, 省去相同的句子成分, 使语句结构紧凑, 更加简练 省略有多种方法, 常见的省略有以下几种 : 1. 省略主语 祈使句和表示祝愿的句子可省略主语 如 : Hope to see you again. ( 省略主语 I) Open the door, please. ( 省略主语 you) Thank you for coming to see me. See you later. 2. 并列句中后一子句可省略与前移子句相同的系动词 谓语动词 如 : Tom is in the classroom and Jim (is) in his dorm. Some of the students study English, others (study) Japanese. I work in a factory and my sister (works) on a farm. 3. 状语从句中省略主语和谓语 如 : Please change the form of the verbs if (it is ) necessary. When (it is ) heated, water will change into vapor. Often she would sleep when (she was) alone. Though ( it was) not large, the room was well lit. She can hold her breath longer than I ( can hold my breath ). 4. 疑问句及疑问句的简略回答中 祈使句和感叹句中的省略 如 : (Do you have)anything I can do for you? (Wait) Just a minute. What a beautiful picture ( it is )! (Does)Anybody want to go? (Is there )Anything you want to tell me? Which is better?---it s hard to tell ( which is better). --- When did you go to America? ---( I went to America ) Long time ago. C. Inversion ( 倒装 ) 将句子的谓语动词或其助动词放在主语之前称为倒装 把谓语部分完全放到主语前称为完全倒装 (Complete Inversion), 如 : Here are some letters for you. 助动词或情态动词放在主语前, 称为部分倒装 (Partial Inversion), 如 :

8 Never have I heard such nonsense. 倒装结构应注意的问题 : 1. 以某些副词开头的句子, 如 here, now, then, up, down, out, in 或由副词 there, then, now 等引起, 谓语动词为 come 或 go, 并且主语不是人称代词的句子, 应该完全倒装 Here comes the bus. Out rushes a tiger from among the bushes. 2. 有时出于修辞上的考虑可以把表语提前放在主语前面, 同时主谓完全倒装 Very grateful we are for your help. 3. 代词 neither, no, no more 用于后面分句句首, 且前面分句必须是否定句, 这时后面分句不仅用倒装结构, 而且时态必须和前句一致 She never laughed, nor did she never lose her temper. The organization had broken no rules but neither had it acted responsibility. 4. 虚拟结构中的条件从句省去 if 时需用倒装,were, had 和 should 要移至主语之前 如 : Had I known it, I should have told him. Were he to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem. 5. 句首为 never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, no sooner than 等否定词或者为 in no time, by no means, under / in no circumstances 等带有否定意义的短语时, 常用部分倒装 如 : Never has any country made so much progress in such a short time. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party. 6.only 位于句子开头, 强调状语部分, 主句应倒装 如 : Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly. 7.so/such...that 结构中的 so 放在句首时, 需要倒装 如 : So absurd did he look that everyone stared at him. So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself. Such a good student was she that all the teachers liked her. 8. 在 as 引导的让步状语从句中形容词 名词或副词常移至从句之首, 起强调作用, 需用倒装 如 : Tired as he was, he worked late into the night. Child as the little girl is, she knows several foreign languages. 9. 在某些表示祝愿的句子中常用倒装 如 : May you succeed! Long live the people!

9 Words and Expressions in This Part emphasis ['emfəsis] n. 强调, 重点等... ellipsis [i'lipsis] n. 省略, 省略部分 inversion [in'və:ʃən] n. 反向, 倒置, 倒转, 倒装法 Complete Inversion Partial Inversion 完全倒装 部分倒装 responsible [ri'spɔnsəbl]adj. 需负责任的, 承担责任的 responsibility [ri,spɔnsə'biliti] n. 责任, 义务, 负担 vapor ['veipə]n. 水汽, 汽, 蒸汽, 烟雾 partial ['pɑ:ʃəl] adj. 部分的, 局部的, 不完全的, 不公平的 nonsense ['nɔnsens] n. [U] 胡说, 胡闹, 无价值 ( 或不重要的 ) 的东西 bush [ buf]n. 灌木, 矮树, 灌木丛, 矮树丛 temper ['tempə]n. 情绪, 性情, 脾气, 暴躁, 怒气 scarcely ['skeəsli]adv. 几乎不, 决不 rarely ['reəli]adv. 很少,, 难得, 极度 absurd [əb'sə:d] adj. 不合理的, 荒谬的, 可笑的 cuisine [kwi'zi:n] n. 烹饪, 佳肴 sugar-free adj. 无糖的 guarantee [.gærən'ti:] n. / vt. 保证, 保证书, 担保 / 保证, 担保 gull [g l] n./ vt. 鸥, 易受骗之人 / 诈欺, 骗 gratitude ['grætitju:d]n. 感恩之心 gimmick ['gimik] n./ vt. 暗机关, 小发明, 花招 / 用暗机关改变或影响 criticize ['kritisaiz] vt./ vi. 批评, 吹毛求疵 fulfill [ful'fil] vt. 履行, 完成 calmly [`kb:mli] adv. 平静地, 安静地, 冷静地 comparatively [kəm'pærətivli] adv. 比较地, 相对地 comprehend [7kCmpri5hend] vt. 充分理解, 包括 Practice Your Grammar I. Choose the correct answer 1. He has finished his homework, and. A. so I have B. so have I C. I do so D. so do I 2. Not only this machine, but it. A. can he run; can he repair B. he can run; can he repair C. he can run; he can repair D. can he run; he can repair 3. Hardly the bus stop the bus arrived. A. had we got to; when B. we had got; then

10 C. had we got to; than D. we had got to; when 4., he knows a lot of things. A. As he is young B. As young he is C. He is as young D. Young as he is 5. a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. A. If you should come B. If you come C. Had you come D. Should you come 6. At the foot of the mountain. A. lies a beautiful lake B. does a beautiful lake lie C. lie a beautiful lake D. do a beautiful lake lie 7. Only in this way expect to get over so many difficulties. A. we are sure to B. can we C. that we can D. that can we 8. had he reached the school gate the bell rang. A. As soon as; when B. Hardly; then C. No sooner; than D. When; as soon as 9. It was not until he arrived at the station he realized he had forgotten his ticket. A. there B. that C. then D. where 10. An awful accident, however, occur the other day. A. did B. does C. has to D. had to II. Rewrite the following sentences to emphasize the underlined parts 1. Regular radio broadcasts did not begin until The well-known Chinese cuisine has a long history. 3. A thank-you letter must include proper praise of the hostess. 4. She didn t finish the course at the college because of her illness. 5. I began to appreciate their beauty only when I reread his poems recently. 6. This food manufacturer has supplied the market with sugar-free food. Challenge Your Ability

11 Section A Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark the corresponding letter. 1. Living here at the top of the mountain with no one else near you must be very. A. lonely B. alone C. single D. sole 2. The goal he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A. in which B. after which C. during which D. for which 3. Those opinions are now out of. A. mood B. fashion C. order D. form 4. an answer, she decided to call again. A. Receiving not B. Having not received C. Not receiving D. Not having received 5. We have a one-year on our new car. A. guarantee B. gull C. gratitude D. gimmick 6. If you had told me about the problem, I able to help you. A. might be B. may have been C. might have been D. may be 7. You will be criticized you get that crazy idea out of your mind. A. if B. unless C. supposing D. long as 8. She is one of those speakers who ideas perfectly clear. A. make their B. makes his C. make themselves D. make one s 9. It is necessary that the plan before Thursday. A. were fulfilled B. was fulfilled C. be fulfilled D. would be fulfilled 10. If the whole program beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A. had not been planned B. was not planned C. would not be planned D. were not planned Section B Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the words given in the brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space. 1. Be patient. You ll soon (discovery) how the computer works. 2. Peter held back his anger and tried to speak calmly and (slow). 3. After (graduate) from the university, he went to New York and never came back.

12 4. I spent several hours (tell) him what a good project it was. 5. The CEO of my company reminded me of being (care) in negotiating a new trade agreement. 6. Although he (be) to the zoo several times, he still got lost yesterday. 7. If she (not help) me, I would still be in great trouble. 8. She sat on the big, soft sofa and made herself (comfort). 9. It s comparatively easy to learn regular verbs but difficult to learn (regular) ones. 10. Listening to the English programs on radio and TV can help improve your listening (comprehend).

13 Part III Reading How to Find the Equivalent Items 在 B 级测试中,Task 4 部分以匹配形式出现, 每个空格要求找出相匹配的英文选项 下表将对 2004 年 6 月至 2009 年 12 月 Task 4 的文章题材进行的统计 : 年份 题材 办公用语 广告术语 医学用语 电话提示音 公共标示牌用语 企业管理术语 铁路服务用语 手机菜单用语 邮政投递用语 商品流通用语 天气预报术语 就业招聘用语 例 :( ) A. annual bonus J. job offer B. basic salary K. labor market C. benefit L. labor contract D. commission M. minimum wage E. head hunter N. retirement insurance F. health insurance O. trial period G. housing fund P. unemployment insurance H. job center Q. welfare I. job fair Examples: (A) 年终奖 (O) 试用期 1.( ) 招聘会 ( ) 最低工资 2.( ) 劳动合同 ( ) 福利 3.( ) 养老保险 ( ) 住房基金 4.( ) 猎头 ( ) 基本工资 5.( ) 劳务市场 ( ) 失业保险 解析 : 本题的任务是考查和就业招聘相关的词汇 A. 年终奖 B. 基本工资 C. 利润 D. 委员会 E. 猎头 F. 健康保险 G. 住房基金 H. 就业中心 I. 招聘会 J. 就业机会 K. 劳务市场 L. 劳动合同 M. 最低工资 N. 养老保险 O. 试用期 P. 失业保险 Q. 福利 13

14 New Words and Expressions in This Part commission [ke5mifen] n. 委员会 wage [weidv] n. 工资 circuit ['sə:kit] n. 电路 protocol [5prEutEkCl] n. 协议 integration [.inti'grei n] n. 综合 inflammable [in'flæməbl] adj. 易燃的 hook [huk] n. 挂钩 incentive [in'sentiv] n. 刺激, 动力 bulk [b lk] n. 大批, 大量 legitimate [li'dvitimit] adj. 合法的 monopoly [mə'ncpəli] n. 垄断 parcel ['pɑ:sl] n. 包裹 remark [ri'mɑ:k] n. 留言 Reading Comprehension Directions: After reading the following items, you are required to find the items equivalent to ( 与 --- 等同 ) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets, numbered 1 through 20. I A. super integrated circuits J. wide-area network B. giant ultra-high-speed computer K. Chinese character processing software C. transmission control protocol L. computer assisted instruction D. third generation mobile M. local-area network E. computer viruses N. artificial intelligence F. E-commerce O. human computer interaction G.high definition TV P. World Wide Web H. high-speed broadband networks Q. network administrator I. optical, mechanical and electronic integration R. central processing unit Example: ( P ) 万维网 ( C ) 传输控制协议 1.( ) 高速宽带互联网 ( ) 计算机辅助教学 2.( ) 中央处理器 ( ) 高清晰度电视 3.( ) 超高速巨型计算机 ( ) 电子商务 4.( ) 人机交互 ( ) 计算机病毒 5.( ) 人工智能 ( ) 第三代移动电话 II A. Keep away from heat I. Glass with care 14

15 B. Do not crush J. Handle with care C. Never lay flat K. Inflammable D. Keep up right L. Keep dry E. This side up M. Keep cool F. Protect against heat N. No hooks G. Caution O. Open here H. Guard against damp P. No dumping Examples:( O ) 此处打开 ( G ) 小心 6.( ) 防潮 ( ) 远离高温 7.( ) 不易平放 ( ) 小心轻放 8.( ) 怕热 ( ) 易燃货物 9.( ) 保持低温 ( ) 切勿挤压 10.( ) 小心玻璃 ( ) 保持干燥 III A. sales promotion J. gross profit B. sales on a commission basis K. sudden huge profit C. incentive sales L. monopoly profit D. return of goods M. transaction without profit E. selling off goods at reduced prices N. legitimate profit F. bargain day O. selling credit G.quick sales and small profit P. auction H. sales by bulk Q. dumping I. unmarketable R. net profit Example: ( H ) 成批出售 ( B ) 代销 11.( ) 暴利 ( ) 减价日 12.( ) 甩卖 ( ) 拍卖 13.( ) 净利 ( ) 有奖销售 14.( ) 垄断利润 ( ) 倾销 15.( ) 滞销 ( ) 无利交易 IV A. original J. name of contents B. accepted date K. insurance amount C. posting stamp L. sender s signature D. delivery stamp M. postal code E. company name N. insurance fee F. sender s address O. total charge G.customer code P. receiver s signature H. document Q. remark I. parcel 15

16 Example: ( D ) 投递日期 ( L ) 交寄人签名 16.( ) 费用总计 ( ) 收寄日期 17.( ) 文件资料 ( ) 邮政编码 18.( ) 用户代码 ( ) 收件人签名 19.( ) 内件品名 ( ) 发件人地址 20.( ) 收寄日戳 ( ) 单位名称 16

17 Part IV Applied Writing Operating Instructions 产品使用说明书 (Operating Instructions) 旨在让顾客对所购产品的性能形状 主要结构或主要成分 特点 作用和用途等有所了解, 正确掌握使用或操作方法, 知道如何妥善保管该产品, 在使用及保管过程中应当注意哪些事项, 以避免发生差错造成损失 不同种类的产品, 它们的说明书有不同的特点和内容, 但总的说来, 语言都很简单 确切, 讲究科学性和逻辑性, 让人一目了然, 免得因使用或保管不当引起差错或造成损失 鉴于说明书的作用旨在指导使用, 所以不管是编写还是翻译, 均应认真细致, 尤其是对有关药品 机械等说明书, 应格外谨慎 说明书一般由标题 ( 包括副标题 ) 和正文两大部分组成 标题在说明书中起引导作用 正文包括产品的操作过程 主要功能及产品的维护 保养等 为了醒目, 文中常列有小标题 为了便于用户理解, 说明书的文字要浅显易懂 此外说明书还具有以下共性 : (1) 采用罗列方式, 将主要内容排列成序 (2) 段落短, 每段前常用号码标明或加以明显的标志 (3) 句子结构简单, 多用祈使句 简单句等 由于商品种类 性质不同, 其说明的方法 内容也不尽相同 如 : 药品类说明书 (Medicine Administration Directions): (1) 药品的性状 ; (2) 药品的主要成分 ; (3) 作用与用途 ( 功效 ) ; (4) 适应证 ; (5) 用法与用量 ; (6) 存放方法 ; (7) 注意事项与禁忌 ; (8) 有效期 ; (9) 包装等 电子产品类说明书 (Electronic Device Directions): (1) 技术参数或产品规格 ; (2) 各部件名称, 或称为功能指标 ; (3) 使用及操作方法 ; (4) 使用时注意事项 ; (5) 确保安全要点 ; (6) 机器的维护与保养 ; (7) 常见故障及排除方法 ; (8) 生产厂家及联系方法等 化妆品类说明书 (Cosmetics Directions): 17

18 (1) 产品成分 ; (2) 用途 ; (3) 注意事项 ; (4) 产品的性能 特点 ; (5) 产品的适用范围 ; (6) 存放方法 ; (7) 保质期等 除此之外, 还有许多其他商品的说明书, 如日常用品类 (Daily Necessities) 衣着服饰类 (Clothes and Adornments) 食品饮料类(Foods and Drinks) 等 例 1 风油精说明书 ESSENTIAL BALM ESSENTIAL BALM is scientifically prepared from precious ingredients. It acts as an excellent anodyne and anti-itching remedy for the relief of cold, influenza, rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, headache, toothache, mosquito bites and insect stings. DIRECTIONS: Applied locally. STORAGE: Preserve in a cool place. The Shanghai Pharmaceutical Mfg. Corp. SHANGHAI, CHINA Distributors: Shanghai Medicinal Herbs Import & Export Corporation 译文 : 风油精风油精系采各种贵重药料, 用科学方法炼制而成 有止痛止痒的功效, 用于减轻伤风感冒 筋骨酸痛 痛风 神经痛 头痛 牙痛 蚊叮虫咬 用法 : 涂于患处 贮藏 : 置于阴凉处 上海市药业工业公司出品中国, 上海上海市药材进出口公司经销 例 2 德立邦 立鲜蔬果残留清除剂说明书 DEVELOP LEESON Vegetable & Fruit Residue Scanenger Product Characteristics Richly contains Nacocoy special effective ingredient extracted from coconut oil via high-tech method. It can rapidly dissolve the soluble oil component in pesticides so as to quickly separate the pesticides from vegetable and fruit. It contains especially IMAZALIL special effect sterilizing component, fast killing pathogenic bacteria with 99.9% effective rate. Vegetables and fruits keep their freshness and nice taste. The active ingredient in this product is approved by WHO, EU and US-EPA and complies with FAO specifications. With edible standardized component, and low foaming. Usage Put several drops to product per liter of water to rinse the fruit or vegetables. Leave 18

19 the fruit or vegetables in the rinsing water for 5 minutes. Before eating, rinse them with clean water. Caution Do not drink this product; keep away from children. If swallowed by accident, drink lots of water. 译文 : 德立邦 立鲜蔬果残留清除剂产品特点富含用高科技手段从椰果中提取的椰油两性醋酸 (NACOCOYL) 特效成分, 能快速溶解农药中的乳油成分, 使农药合蔬果迅速剥离 富含 IMAZLIL 特效杀菌消毒成分, 快速杀灭致病菌 杀菌率 99.9%, 持久保持蔬果新鲜美味 本品所含活性成分经世界卫生组织 欧盟合美国环保署批准, 符合联合国粮农组织标准, 含有可食用标准成分 本品为低泡型 使用方法清洗蔬菜瓜果时, 每公升水加入本品数滴, 浸泡 5 分钟后, 用清水冲洗即可实用 注意事项本品位非饮品, 请避免儿童触及 不慎误食时, 需多饮水 Words and Expressions in This Part directions [di'rekʃən] n. 产品说明书 medicine [5medisin]n. 医学 ; 内科学 administration [[d9minis5treif[n]n. 管理, 经营 ; 行政, 行政机关 Medicine Administration Directions 药品类说明书 electronic [ilek5trcnik]adj. 电子的 device [di5vais]n. 装置, 器械 ; 方法, 手段 Electronic Device Directions 电子产品类说明书 Cosmetics Directions 化妆品类说明书 daily [5deili]adj./n. 每日的 / 日报 necessity [ni5sesiti]n. 必要性 ; 必然性 Daily Necessities 日常用品类 adornment [[5dC:nm[nt]n. 服饰 Clothes and Adornments 衣着服饰类 Foods and Drinks 食品饮料类 granulate [5grAnjU:leit]vt. 使成颗粒 white granulated sugar 白砂糖 net weight 净含量 standard [5stAnd[d]n./adj. 标准 / 标准的 product standard number 产品标准号 19

20 license [5lais[ns]n./vt. 许可 ; 执照 / 准许 production license number 生产许可证号 preserve [pri5z[:v]vt. 保护 ; 保存 ; 腌渍 preserve period 保质期 normal [5nC:ml]adj. 正常的, 正规的 normal temperature 常温 aeration [,eiə'reiʃən] n. 通风 avoiding light 避光 production date 生产日期 the painted mark 封口 producing area 产地 almond [5B:m[nd]n. 杏仁 hygienic [hai5dvi:nik]adj. 卫生学的, 卫生的, 促进健康的 Hygienic License No 卫生许可证 Trying Your Hand 1. 黔五福小米鮓 (zhǎ) 是以贵州高原原生态环境下独有的贵州金黄糯小米为主要原料, 配以核桃 花生 葵花籽 红枣等有益于大脑健康的食品 以贵州少数民族特有的糯米蒸笼焖蒸而成, 是贵州的 十大名菜之一, 是贵州特色饮食文化的典型代表, 其口感香糯甜爽细腻, 营养价值极为丰富, 是都市人崇尚的家庭餐桌粗粮美食 请将猪肉小米鮓 ( 甜味 ) 的说明书翻译成英语 产品名称 : 猪肉小米鮓 ( 甜味 ) 配料 : 小米 猪肉 白砂糖净含量 :400 克产品标准号 :Q/WFF 0305 生产许可证号 :QS 保质期 :12 个月 ( 常温通风避光 ) 生产日期 : 见封口产地 : 贵阳市贵州五福坊食品有限公司厂址 : 贵州省贵阳市乌当区新添大道 114 号电话 : 中文域名 : 黔五福.cn wff@gzwff.com 网络实名 : 黔五福 贵州特产邮编 : 请将吉祥牌盐焗杏仁的说明书翻译成英语 品名 : 盐焗杏仁配料 : 杏仁 食用盐 白砂糖 葡萄糖浆净含量 :500 克产品标准号 :Q/SSYF 卫生许可证 : 粤卫食证字 (2007) 第 0111A00244 号 20

21 食品生产许可证号 :QS 保质期 :12 个月生产日期 : 见包装贮藏方法 : 请存放于阴凉处, 避免阳光直射及高温广州市白云区亿富食品厂地址 : 广州市白云区神山沙龙环村一路 6 号电话 :

22 Part V Translation Translation of Long Sentences (1) 以上我们讲述了英译汉的一些常用的基本翻译方法, 但是, 我们通过所举的实例可以看出, 对于每一个英语句子的翻译, 并不只是使用一种翻译方法, 而是多种翻译方法的综合运用, 这在英语长句的翻译中表现得尤为突出 在翻译长句时, 首先, 不要因为句子太长而产生畏惧心理, 因为, 无论是多么复杂的句子, 它都是由一些基本的成分组成的 其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构, 找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思, 然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系, 再按照汉语的特点和表达方式, 正确地译出原文的意思, 不必拘泥于原文的形式 1. 顺译法有些英语虽然长, 但其结构式按照时间顺序 动作顺序或逻辑联系安排的, 这种叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语 例如 : (1) By the year 2010, today s have not nations will have a combined population of 5 billion people, comprising nearly four fifths of the world s population. 到 2010 年, 今天贫穷国家的人口总数将达到 50 亿, 几乎是世界人口的五分之四 (2) Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. 分析 : 该句子由一个主句, 三个作伴随状语的现在分词以及位于句首的时间状语从句组成, 共有五层意思 :A. 既使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时 ; B. 电仍在为我们工作 ; C. 帮我们开动电冰箱 ; D. 加热水 ; E. 或是室内空调机继续运转 上述五层意思的逻辑关系以及表达的顺序与汉语完全一致, 因此, 我们可以通过顺序法, 把该句翻译成 : 即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作 : 帮我们开动电冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室内空调机继续运转 2. 逆译法如果英语长句的时间顺序 逻辑顺序与汉语的顺序不同, 甚至完全相反, 就可以用逆译法 例如 : (1) Five years earlier-even one year earlier-i wouldn t have been able to live with myself if I had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. 五年前 甚至一年前 如果我不得不为一次判断上的失误负全部责任的话, 我是无法容忍自己的 (2) No one will deny that what we have been able to do in the past five years is especially striking in view of the crises which have been inherited from the previous government. 考虑到上届政府遗留下来的危机, 我们在过去 5 年里所取得的成绩十分显著, 这是任何人都不会否认的 22

23 Words and Expressions in This Part comprise [k[m5praiz]vt. 包含, 由... 组成 air-condition [e[k[n5dif[n]n./vt. 空调 / 给... 装上空调 inherit [in5herit]vt. 继承 ( 传统等 ) previous [5pri:vj[s]adj./adj. 先的 ; 前的 / 在前 sufficient [s[5fif[nt]adj. 充分的, 足够的 require [ri5kwai[]vt. 需要, 要求 ; 命令 Exercises I. Translation-English into Chinese 1. He is very popular in his class because of his good character and understanding. A. 因为他性情好又富于同情心, 所以他在班里很受欢迎 B. 他在班里很招人喜欢, 这是因为他性情好并且通情达理的缘故 C. 他在班里很风行是由于他良好的性情和理解力 D. 他很受同学欢迎, 是由于他性情好, 还很通情达理 2. Great changes in a country's social structure have always caused stresses. A. 一个国家社会阶层的重大变化总会带来压力 B. 一个国家社会结构的压力总引起巨大的变化 C. 一个国家社会结构的巨变总会导致紧张状态 D. 一个国家社会阶层的重大变化总是很突然的 3. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds oil which to base his arguments in favor of the new theory. A. 这个教授在他们争论的新的理论的基础上寻找新的土地 B. 教授几乎找不到充分的理由来支持这一新理论 C. 教授难以找到新理论的充分根据 D. 教授努力寻找足够的空间发展这一新理论 4. The weight of an aircraft depends on the power of the engine and the amount of fuel it requires. A. 飞机的重量决定了发动机的能量和所需的燃料量 B. 飞机的重量取决于发动机的功率和所需的燃料量 C. 飞机的重量取决于发动机所需的功率数和所需的燃料量 D. 发动机的功率和所需的燃料取决于飞机的重量 5. Worktrain is a website for jobs and learning. It puts the most popular services for job seekers online. This makes it easy for you to get the information you need. At this site, you ll find over 300,000 jobs, plus thousands of training opportunities and information on job markets. And because Worktrain uses the power of the Internet, it gives you what you need faster and more easily than ever before. 23

24 II. Translate the following sentences into English 1. 尽管天气很寒冷, 学生们还是在 6 点正准时出操 (Despite) 2. 每个人, 不管是年轻人还是老年人都应铭记 骄者必败 (keep) 3. 虽然他们是好朋友, 但他不愿意帮助修理电脑 (reluctant) 4. 那位脸色苍白的妇女站在大楼顶上, 这使在场的人都很担心 (at the top of) 5. 他必定是这次竞赛中最可能获奖的学生 (likely) 24