Objective: Analyze Narrator and Point of View. Example

Transcription

1 Chapter One Objective: Analyze Narrator and Point of View Directions: For each of the following excerpts from the novel, you will be converting the first person into third person, either limited or omniscient. However, it is important that before you convert to third person, you clearly understand the first person narration. For each excerpt, give a one to two sentence summary of Nick s point of view, then retell the excerpt in third person. Example In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I ve been turning over in my mind ever since. Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, he told me, just remember that all the people in this world haven t had the advantages that you ve had. Summary: Nick cannot forget the advice his father gave him: to appreciate that he may have had more than others, and to think about that fact before judging someone. Third Person Retelling: In Nick s younger years, his father had a great influence in shaping Nick into the man he is today. His father s wisdom made Nick appreciate that not everyone had the advantages that he had growing up. This should help the reader trust him as a narrator even though he is part of the story. 1. Why they came east I don t know. They had spent a year in France, for no particular reason, and then drifted here and there unrestfully wherever people played polo and were rich together. This was a permanent move, said Daisy over the telephone, but I didn t believe it I had no sight into Daisy s heart but I felt that Tom would drift on forever seeking a little wistfully for the dramatic turbulence of some irrecoverable football game. Summary: Third Person Retelling:

2 2. She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see. That was a way she had. She hinted in a murmur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker. (I ve heard it said that Daisy s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) Summary: Third Person Retelling: 3. [Daisy s] eyes flashed around her in a defiant way, rather like Tom s, and she laughed with thrilling scorn. Sophisticated God, I m so sophisticated! The instant her voice broke off, ceasing to compel my attention, my belief, I felt the basic insincerity of what she had said. It made me uneasy, as though the whole evening had been a trick of some sort to exact a contributory emotion from me. I waited, and sure enough, in a moment she looked at me with an absolute smirk on her lovely face as if she had asserted her membership in a rather distinguished secret society to which she and Tom belonged. Summary: Third Person Retelling:

3 4. Their interest rather touched me and made them less remotely rich nevertheless, I was confused and a little disgusted as I drove away. It seemed to me that the thing were no such intentions in her head. As for Tom the fact that he had some woman in New York was really less surprising than that he had been depressed by a book. Something was making him nibble at the edge of stale ideas as if his sturdy physical egotism no longer nourished his peremptory heart. Summary: Third Person Retelling: Chapter 1 Reading Check 1. What trait(s) does Nick possess which makes him an ideal candidate as narrator for this book? Explain. 2. When Daisy is talking to Nick about her daughter, she makes an odd statement about having a girl: I hope she ll be a fool - that s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful fool (17). What does this statement reveal about Daisy? Is she a fool? Why or why not

4 Chapter Two Objective: Analyze Fitzgerald s use of Setting In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald uses the setting as an important symbol in the novel. In fact, the setting is so important it almost becomes another character, shaping and influencing other characters in the story. Directions: Using Chapters 1-2, find three direct quotes that describe each setting of the story. Include descriptions of the time period, living situations, geographical location, weather, etc. Remember, direct quotes are lines copied directly from a text. You are not necessarily looking for text that is already in quotation marks, which is dialogue, however dialogue can also be used as a direct quote. Once you have found direct quotes, answer the questions for each setting. Quote I: Quote II: West Egg Quote III: Who lives here? What important events have taken place here?

5 Quote I: Quote II: East Egg Quote III: Who lives here? What important events have taken place here? Quote I: Quote II: Valley of Ashes Quote III: Who lives here? What important events have taken place here?

6 Chapter Three Objective: Analyze Direct and Indirect Characterization Directions: For each character, complete the chart with textual examples of both direct and indirect characterization from Chapters 1-3 of the novel. Daisy Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Nick s second cousin once removed Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) I ve heard it said that Daisy s murmur is only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming Important Quote And I hope she ll be a fool that s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool What is Reveled? This quote reveals Daisy s cynicism and shows that she is not oblivious to everything going on around her, including Tom s affair. If she were simply a fool, she would be blissfully oblivious. Nick Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) Important Quote What is Reveled?

7 Jordan Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) Important Quote What is Reveled? Tom Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) Important Quote What is Reveled?

8 Myrtle Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) Important Quote What is Reveled? Partygoers at Gatsby s house Direct Characterization (what the narrator/ author says) Indirect Characterization (what other characters say indirectly including Nick) Important Quote What is Reveled about the type of people that attend his parties?

9 Chapter Four Objective: Foreshadowing and Predicting Directions: Below are several examples of foreshadowing in The Great Gatsby. First, read the selection. Then summarize what the quote is saying. Finally, predict what you think will happen later in the story, based upon the underlined clue. An example has been done for you. Example No Gatsby turned out all right at the end; it is what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams that temporarily closed out my interest in the abortive sorrows and shortwinded elations of men. (Nick, as narrator) Summary: Gatsby turned out to be a decent person in Nick s eyes. What ended up bothering Nick were the cruel people and sad events that took place surrounding Gatsby, making him sick and tired of the people around him. Prediction: Something is going to happen to Gatsby, but he will turn out okay. It seems like Nick will struggle with how to view him, though. Nick will end up sick of people and hearing about their problems. 1. You did it Tom, she said accusingly. I know you didn t mean to but you did do it. That s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a (man). Summary: Prediction:

10 2. In the ditch beside the road, right side up but violently shorn of one wheel, rested a new coupé which had left Gatsby s drive not two minutes before... But how did it happen? Did you run into the wall? Don t ask me, said Owl Eyes, washing his hands of the whole matter. I know very little about driving next to nothing. It happened, and that s all I know. Summary: Prediction: 3. In the ditch beside the road, right side up but violently shorn of one wheel, rested a new coupé which had left Gatsby s drive not two minutes before... But how did it happen? Did you run into the wall? Don t ask me, said Owl Eyes, washing his hands of the whole matter. I know very little about driving next to nothing. It happened, and that s all I know. Summary: Prediction:

11 4. When he saw us Tom jumped up and took half a dozen steps in our direction. Where ve you been? he demanded eagerly. Daisy s furious because you haven t called up. This is Mr. Gatsby, Mr. Buchanan. They shook hands briefly and a strained, unfamiliar look of embarrassment came over Gatsby s face... I turned toward Mr. Gatsby but he was no longer there. Summary: Prediction: 5. Everyone suspects himself of at least one of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I [Nick] am one of the few honest people that I have ever known. Summary: Prediction: Reading Check: How do you view Gatsby? What have you seen thus far that shapes your opinion?

12 Chapter Five Objective: Analyze Symbolism Directions: Match each symbol with its symbolic meaning. You may utilize multiple answers. Once you have assigned a letter to each, use the lines provided to explain your choice(s). a. Old money b. Hope/aspiration c. You can t repeat the past d. Power e. Materialism f. Death g. Success h. Crime/corruption i. a new era/fresh start j. God k. New money l. Moral decay/lack of morals m. Wealth n. False pretenses o. The American Dream p. Poverty Example The eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg Symbolize: j. God; p. Poverty Explanation: The eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg watch over everything that is happening in the Valley of Ashes. Because it is an inanimate object, it cannot make actual judgments, but hovers over as a reminder that the characters actions are being watched. It also represents poverty because it is located in the Valley and is run-down and uncared for after the business ended. 1. The Valley of Ashes symbolize Explanation: 2. Gatsby s shirts symbolize Explanation: 3. The green light at the end of the dock symbolizes Explanation:

13 4. East Egg symbolizes Explanation: 5. West Egg symbolizes Explanation: 6. Automobiles symbolize Explanation: 7. Gatsby s library symbolizes Explanation: 8. Gatsby s house symbolizes Explanation: 9. The clock Gatsby knocks over symbolize Explanation:

14 Chapter Six Objective: Figurative Language Directions: Read each quote from the novel. First, decide what figure of speech is being used; then identify the comparison being made or the object being personified. Example swirls and eddies of people I didn t know (Ch. 3). a. Figure of speech: Metaphor b. Analysis: Fitzgerald uses a metaphor to compare the people at the party to ocean waves, turning and crashing on themselves; the people are weaving through the party to socialize. 1. Their house was even more elaborate than I expected, a cheerful red and white Georgian Colonial mansion overlooking the bay (Ch. 1). a. Figure of speech: b. Analysis: 2. A breeze blew through the room, blew curtains in at one end and out the other like pale flags (Ch. 1). a. Figure of speech: b. Analysis: 3. twisting them up toward the frosted wedding cake of the ceiling (Ch. 1). a. Figure of speech: b. Analysis:

15 4. in his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars (Ch. 3). a. Figure of speech: b. Analysis: 5. [Daisy s] voice is full of money, [Gatsby] said suddenly (Ch. 7). (yes, I know you have not read Chapter 7 yet). a. Figure of speech: b. Analysis:

16 Chapter Seven Objective: Style Directions: Identify the elements of style that are being used in each of the following excerpts, choosing from the box below. Elements may be used more than once, and there may be more than one correct answer for each. Once you have identified the elements of style that have been used, explain the effect that these techniques have on the reader. An example has been done for you. Note not all choices will be used. Short, simple sentence clear rhythm pattern plain, simple vocab Heightened vocab foreshadowing figurative language Symbolism repetition stream of consciousness Long, wordy sentences sensory images dialect Example Most of the confidences were unsought frequently I have feigned sleep, preoccupation or a hostile levity when I realized by some unmistakable sign that an intimate revelation was quivering on the horizon for the intimate revelations of young men or at least the terms in which they express them are usually plagiaristic and marred by obvious suppressions. Elements of style: long, wordy sentences; heightened vocab; repetition; slight stream of consciousness Effect: This passage is very wordy and formal. The vocabulary is rich and heightened and I find myself having to read the passage a few times to figure out exactly what Nick is trying to say. Also, this entire passage is one long sentence; Fitzgerald added dashes instead of splitting this passage into several sentences. This also contributes to the stream of consciousness feel of the excerpt. I feel like I am getting to know Nick and the way he thinks. Clearly, he is an educated and insightful man, but he does come off as a little arrogant at times. 1. [Gatsby s car] was a rich cream color, bright with nickel, swollen here and there in its monstrous length with triumphant hat-boxes and supper-boxes and tool-boxes, and terraced with a labyrinth of wind-shields that mirrored a dozen suns (Ch. 4). Elements of style: Effect:

17 2. He took out a bile of shirts and began throwing them one by one before us, shifts of sheer linen and thick silk and fine flannel which lost their folds as they fell and covered the table in many-colored disarray. While we admired he brought more and the soft rich heap mounted higher shirts with stripes and scrolls and plaids in coral and apple green and lavender and faint orange with monograms of Indian blue (Ch. 5). Elements of style: Effect: 3. Find a passage from Ch. 7 that you believe shows Fitzgerald s style as great, intriguing, etc. Pg. Elements of style: Effect:

18 Ch. 7 Reading Check Reading Check: 1. Why do you think Fitzgerald introduces the child to Gatsby? Consider how he reacts. 2. Both Wilson and Tom feel they have lost a woman. What do you make of these two men based on Nick s observations on pg

19 Chapter Eight Objective: Lit analyses TIQA-TIQA is an acronym for a technique that you can use in writing a literary analysis. A literary analysis is a type of expository essay that analyzes or looks at a specific aspect of a piece of literature in detail, such as the characters, theme, setting, symbolism, etc. For a well-developed body paragraph, you should have the following: Topic sentence Introduce quote: put the quote into context (what is going on in the story). Quote: provide your direct/indirect quote - Yellow Analyze: explain to the reader the importance of the quote and how it supports your topic sentence Pink Pink (at least two sentences to analyze quote) Transition (notice, this is a different T ) Introduce quote: put the next quote into context. Quote: provide a second direct/indirect quote - Yellow Analyze: explain to the reader the importance of the quote and how it supports your topic sentence Pink Pink (at least two sentences to analyze quote) *The quote should help prove your topic sentence! If it is not related in your analysis, it isn t a great quote for the paragraph. How does this example paragraph utilize TIQA-TIQA? The theme of loneliness is most apparent when studying Curley s wife and her interactions with the men. Upon entering the bunkhouse and seeing Lennie, Crooks, and Candy, she remarks, They left all the weak ones here [a] nigger an a dum-dum and a lousy ol sheep an (I m) liking it because they ain t nobody else ( ). While Curley s wife s reaction is certainly cruel, it also sheds light on her own isolation. In her conversation with the men, she reveals her strange dilemma while she scorns and mocks these ranch men, they are the only ones she has to talk to, and it is better than the alternative; at this point, it becomes clear that the alternative is her everyday life of isolation. To further emphasize this isolation and loneliness, Curley s wife often talks openly to the ranch hands about her marriage the Curley. When reminded that she has a husband she should be spending time with, she curtly responds, "Sure I gotta husban'. You all seen him. Swell guy, ain't he? Spends all his time sayin' what he's gonna do to guys he don't like, and he don't like nobody" (78). Curley's wife's displeasure with her husband not only gives insight into her marriage with her husband, but also reminds us of the lack of affection she receives. While it is unclear whether the relationship has taken on a physically abusive relationship, it is clear that an emotional toll is being taken on this character. Being the only woman on the ranch and having no female contact for miles around, her life is forced to revolve around these men and, while they certainly see her as nothing but a tart or tramp, Steinbeck lays breadcrumbs in place to lead the reader to understand the complexity of her situation.

20 First, determine a theme you would like to write on. If you need help, return to the worksheet for Chapter 5. While these are not themes (because themes are full ideas that can be found throughout the text), they may give you some insight into possible themes. While materialism isn t necessary a theme, the dangers of materialism certainly is. Theme: Next, write a well-developed body paragraph using the TIQA-TIQA technique:

21 Chapter Nine Pt I Objective: Themes Directions: For the questions below, a theme from the novel has been chosen. Find a quote from anywhere in the text which best illustrates each theme. For others, a quote has been taken directly from the text. Write some other themes these quotes reveal or suggest. Theme: Money is the root of all evil. Example: Theme: You cannot repeat the past Example: Theme: Money and materialism lead to corruption Example: Example: They were careless people, Tom and Daisy they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made Theme: Example: Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that s no matter tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther so we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. Theme:

22 Chapter Nine Pt II Objective: Colors as symbols Directions: Using your own experience and background, complete the activity below. An example has been done for you. Color: White 1. What images come to mind? (List 5) Wedding dress, white dove, snow, white unlined paper, doctor s lab coat 2. What adjectives or abstract nouns come to mind? (List 5) Purity, innocence, peaceful, clean, sterile 3. Here are three references to the color white: a. The Buchanan s house is described as a cheerful red and white Georgian Colonial (Ch. 1) b. Jordan describes when she met Daisy: From Louisville, our white girlhood was passed together there. Our beautiful white (Ch. 4) c. Jordan once again on Daisy: She dressed in white, and had a little white roadster and all day long the telephone rang in her house and excited young officers from Camp Taylor demanded the privilege of monopolizing her that night (Ch. 4). 4. Daisy is usually associated with the color white. Find an example that has not already been used in which she is associated with the color. Nick describes seeing Daisy and Jordan: The only completely stationary object in the room was an enormous couch on which two young women were buoyed up as though upon an anchored balloon. They were both in white, and their dresses were rippling and fluttering as if they had just been blown back in after a short flight around the house. 5. Do you agree with the association based on your observations? Why or why not? I disagree with the idea of Daisy being associated with the ideas of purity, innocence, and peace. If anything, she is associated with them ironically. She is not innocent in the death of Myrtle and does not come clean at all. Plus, her morals (as seen in her choice of men) are not pure either and are just driven by money.

23 Cream, Gold, Yellow 1. When you think of these colors, what images come to your mind? List five: 2. What abstract nouns or adjectives come to mind? List five: The following are references to these colors: a. Gatsby s car is described as cream-colored, then yellow b. The girls in yellow at Gatsby s party in Ch. 3 c. Mrs. Wilson had changed her costume some time before and was now attired in an elaborate afternoon dress of cream colored chiffon, which gave out a continual rustle as she swept about the room. 3. The most important yellow object is Gatsby s car, which was used in Myrtle s death. Find an example from the text describing Gatsby s car. 4. How well does your list of abstract nouns and adjectives in #2 work to describe the car that killed Myrtle?

24 Green 1. When you think of this color, what images come to your mind? List five: 2. What abstract nouns or adjectives come to mind? List five: The following are references to this colors: a. The green light at the end of Daisy s dock b. Daisy jokes with Nick: These things excite me SO, she whispered. if you want to kiss me any time during the evening, Nick, just let me know and I ll be glad to arrange it for you. Just mention my name. Or present a green card. I m giving out green [cards] c. Michaelis told the first policeman that he believed the car that killed Myrtle was a light green 3. The green light at the end of Daisy s dock is a significant image throughout the novel. Find an example from the text describing the light. 4. How well does your list of abstract nouns and adjectives in #2 work and the depiction of the green light? What could it symbolize?

25 Gray 1. When you think of this color, what images come to your mind? List five: 2. What abstract nouns or adjectives come to mind? List five: The following are references to this colors: a. Wilson s glazed eyes turned out to the ashheaps, where grey small clouds took on fantastic shapes and scurried here and there in the faint dawn wind b. Dan Cody is described as a grey, florid man with a hard, empty face c. Wilson s suit takes on a gray color after the ashes of the valley fades his white (yup. White) suit: A white ashen dust veiled his dark suit and his pale hair as it yielded everything in the vicinity except his wife, who moved closer to Tom. 3. The most dominating color of the Valley of Ashes is gray. Find an example from the text describing the grayness of the Valley. 4. Do you agree with the association? Why or why not? Explain your answer.