Announcements. Midterm will be on Monday. It will cover all material discussed in class from day 1 through the end of the week.

Transcription

1 Announcements Midterm will be on Monday. It will cover all material discussed in class from day 1 through the end of the week. STUDY HINTS!!!: Know/use 4 Keys to Credibility Practice identifying rhetoric Practice writing in space provided Be sure to review quiz #1 & #2.

2 Midterm Bring a Scantron. You do not need to bring paper for the short answer portion. I will provide paper for you to write on. 20% of your grade.

3 Homework Review Practice Midterm Questions

4 HW: Credibility of a Source 1. A number of your friends have taken up jogging, and you wonder whether taking it up might have genuine health benefits for you. Who would be the most credible source to ask? a. Your family physician b. A magazine for runners c. A friend who teaches physical education in high school d. The author of a best-selling book on sports medicine Justify your answer in the space provided by identifying the pros and cons for each option:

5 Groups: Credibility of a Source 2. You are looking at a sailboat that you re considering buying, but you ve never owned one before and don t know whether you should buy this one. Who would be the most credible source to ask? a. The boat salesman at the marina that owns the boat b. A boat salesman from another marina c. A friend who has owned several similar boats d. A buyer s guide published by a sailing magazine Justify your answer in the space provided by identifying the pros and/or cons for each option:

6 Groups: Credibility of a Source 3. It s quite important that you travel to another town about four hours away by car, but you are concerned about whether you should drive because of adverse weather conditions. a. the local television news b. the local newspaper c. a friend who has made the trip in all kinds of weather d. the state police telephone service e. the local police department Justify your answer in the space provided by identifying the pros and/or cons for each option:

7 HW: Using Rhetoric Groups Read the following short passage and respond to the assignments the follow: Global warming activists have not presented the entire truth about global warming. Use two or more different rhetorical devices to restate this passage. You cannot use the same device more than once for credit. Please write clearly and use complete sentences. Justify the usage of your rhetorical devices by correctly explaining what devices were used and how they were implemented. Please write clearly and use complete sentences.

8 HW: Analyzing an Argument with Rhetoric Groups 1 All that effort spent giving Kuwait back to the Kuwaitis was like taking a crime syndicate away from one Mafia boss and handing it to another. The Kuwaitis already 2 own half the civilized world, and we ve put them back in the driver s seat. Their 3 so-called justice system is handing out cruel punishments to alleged collaborators, many of whom were simply trying to stay alive during the Iraqi occupation. 4 Way to go guys! You re awesome. Issue:? Whether it was a good idea to exert all the effort to give Kuwait back to the Kuwaitis.

9 HW: Analyzing an Argument with Rhetoric Groups 1 All that effort spent giving Kuwait back to the Kuwaitis was like taking a crime syndicate away from one Mafia boss and handing it to another. The Kuwaitis already 2 own half the civilized world, and we ve put them back in the driver s seat. Their 3 so-called justice system is handing out cruel punishments to alleged collaborators, many of whom were simply trying to stay alive during the Iraqi occupation. 4 Way to go guys! You re awesome. Argument: 1. P - Kuwaitis (leaders) are corrupt/bad. 2. P -Kuwaitis (leaders) hand out cruel punishment to those who didn t deserve it. 3 C -No. Not a good idea to give Kuwait back to Kuwaitis.

10 HW: Analyzing an Argument with Rhetoric Groups 1 All that effort spent giving Kuwait back to the Kuwaitis was like taking a crime syndicate away from one Mafia boss and handing it to another. The Kuwaitis already 2 own half the civilized world, and we ve put them back in the driver s seat. Their 3 so-called justice system is handing out cruel punishments to alleged collaborators, many of whom were simply trying to stay alive during the Iraqi occupation. 4 Way to go guys! You re awesome. Rhetoric: 1. Rhetorical Analogy 2. Hyperbole 3. Downplayer 4. Sarcasm

11 Group Exercise Review Exercise What is the issue the author is addressing? Whether it is good that Congress cut funds for the superconducting super collider in Texas. 2. What is the author's stance on the issue? It is good. 3. Identify the argument (with conclusion and premises) if they exist. Conclusion: It is good Premise: Because benefit outweighed by quickly growing costs. 4. What rhetorical devices, if any, has the author used in the passage? 1. None really. No real stereotype used. 2. Downplayeror innuendo 3. Might be hyperbole (depends on reality). 4. None. It s a common term. 5. Rhetorical analogy 6. Rhetorical analogy

12 Which of the following descriptions best captures the difference between a euphemism and a dysphemism? a. A dysphemism is employed to create a negative effect on a reader's attitude, and a euphemism is employed to create a positive effect on a reader's attitude. b. A dysphemism is a form of rhetoric but a euphemism is not. c. A euphemism is employed to create a negative effect on a reader's attitude, and a dysphemism is employed to create a positive effect on a reader's attitude. d. A euphemism is a form of rhetoric but a dysphemism is not.

13 This rhetorical device allows someone to insinuate something deprecatory about someone or something without actually saying it. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) innuendo E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype

14 This rhetorical device is phrased as a question that rests upon one or more unwarranted or unjustified assumptions. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) sarcasm E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype

15 This rhetorical device works by protecting a claim from criticism by watering it down so as to give the speaker a way out in the case that the claim is challenged. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) sarcasm E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype I) innuendo J) dysphemism

16 This rhetorical device works by attempting to make someone or something less significant or important. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) sarcasm E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype I) innuendo J) dysphemism

17 This rhetorical device is best described as an extravagant overstatement. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) sarcasm E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype I) innuendo J) dysphemism

18 This rhetorical device works by suggesting that there is evidence or authority for a claim without actually citing this evidence. A) loaded question B) downplayer C) hyperbole D) sarcasm E) proof surrogate F) euphemism G) weaseler H) stereotype I) innuendo J) dysphemism

19 The main factor(s) for assessing the credibility of a claim is (are) a. The believability of the claim itself. b. The credibility of the source. c. Both a) and b) d. Whether Oprah believes it is true.

20 The winner of this year s spelling bee is a straight-a student whose favorite subject is science, which isn t surprising, since students interested in science learn to pay attention to details. Identify the choice that best states the primary issue discussed in the passage. a. Whether it s surprising that this year s spelling bee winner enjoys science. b. b. Whether science students learn to pay attention to detail. c. Whether the winner of this year s spelling bee is a straight- A student. d. Whether learning science teaches a student to pay attention to details.

21 The winner of this year s spelling bee is a straight-a student whose favorite subject is science, which isn t surprising, since students interested in science learn to pay attention to details. Which of the following statements is a premise for the argument presented in the passage? a. It s not surprising that this year s spelling bee winner enjoys science. b. Students interested in science learn to pay attention to detail. c. The winner of this year s spelling bee is a straight-a student. d. There is no premise because there is no argument presented in the passage.

22 The winner of this year s spelling bee is a straight-a student whose favorite subject is science, which isn t surprising, since students interested in science learn to pay attention to details. Which of the following best describes the argument presented in the passage? a. Deductive argument b. Inductive argument c. Not an argument. It is an explanation. d. There is neither an argument nor explanation presented in the passage.

23 Moore: The administration s latest Iraq proposal may just make matters worse. Parker: Yeah, right. You are just saying that because you don t like the president. a. The second person addresses the issue raised by the first person. b. The second person does not address the issue raised by the first person. c. The first person does not raise any issues, so the second person cannot address any issues raised by the first person. d. None of the above.

24 Identify the primary type of ambiguity that exists. Sign in a hotel: NO SMOKING ROOMS AVAILABLE a. Grouping ambiguity b. Semantic ambiguity c. Syntactic ambiguity

25 Identify the primary type of ambiguity that exists. Sign in front of a vacant lot: "Fine for Littering. a. Grouping ambiguity b. Semantic ambiguity c. Syntactic ambiguity

26 Identify whether the unstated premise turns the passage into a deductive argument, inductive argument, or if no argument is presented. Jessica owns a French saxophone because it is made by Leblanc. Unstated premise: All Leblanc instruments are made in France. a. Deductive argument b. Inductive argument c. Not an argument

27 Identify the choice that best describes the passage. Her favorite color is yellow because it is the color of the sun. a. This is an explanation. b. This is an argument with the conclusion her favorite color is yellow. c. This is an argument with the premise her favorite color is yellow.

28 Which of the following phrases is most vague? a. Jerry spent the afternoon planting roses near our driveway b. Sally spent the afternoon planting flowers in the yard c. Gina was outside all afternoon

29 Which of the following phrases is most precise? a. Timmy threw a no-hitter. b. Collin played football. c. Mark had a great time!