LORE FOLK. Register Now! Living, Working & Playing on the Waters of Long Island Fall Conference, September 18-2O,lW8. Ensuring a Future for Our Past

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2 Register Now! Living, Working & Plying on the Wters of Long Islnd Fll Conference, September 18-2O,lW8 Along the costlines of Long Islnd, the ecologies nd cultures of lnd nd wter meet in dynmic zones of encounter nd trnsition. One result is rich folk culture of mritime trditions tht permete people's lives t work, t ply, nd t home. At the Hllockville Museum Frm nd Folklife Center, locted ner Riverhed on the north fork ofestern Long Islnd, folklorist John Eilertsen hs been documenting nd presenting mny of these trditions for 18 yers. Hllockville is the host forthis yer's New YorkFolklore Society fll conference. We invite you to explore with us some of the recretionl nd occuptionl trditions of the islnd nd lern s well bout other mritime cultures long the Estern Sebord. Among the presenters t the conference will be Dvid Tylor, noted scholr on mritime folklore from the Americn Folklife Center in Wshington; RitMoonsmmy, director ofthe Folk Arts Progrm t the New Jersey Stte Arts Council; Nncy Solomon, founder nd directoroflong IslndTrditions, nd JohnEilertsen. We will her from bymen, fishermen, nd others of the men nd women of the Long Islnd shores, nd you cn look forwrd to folklife demonstrtions, riverbot dinner cruise, nd delicious food from the se. To sign up for the conference, use the enclosed registrtion form. (If form is not enclosed, let us know right wy, nd we'll send one to you. The dedline is Aug. 24, so plese register now before the summer slips wy. N E W Y O R K FOLK LORE N E W S L E T T E R Editor: Kren Tussig-Lux Design: Dine Ghisone Printcd on recycled pper by Weldenhmmer Printers The New York Folklore Society Vewsletter will be published three times in 1998.TheNewsletterprovides informtionnd ;emices to individuls nd orgniztions iniolved with folk rts. 'lese observe the following copy dedlines: Sept. I for the FlllWintcr issue (Nov.-Feb.); In. 15 forthe Spring issue (Mr.-June); My I "or the Summer issue (July - Oct.). Articles ihould be submitted on disk using ;I stndrd Wc~ntoshorDOS wordprocessor. If this~snot,ossible, plese contct the editor in dvnce. New York Folklore Newsletter Kren Tussig-Lux, Editor 420 North Jckson Street Medi. PA (610) emil: <kdlux@nyfolklore.o~> We re plesed to nnounce the New York Folklore Society's new web site, which should be coming on line just bout the time you're reding this. Come to the ddress bove, nd you'll find informtion bout our mission nd history, our publictions nd progrms (including the fll conference), our bord nd stff, excerpts from the newsletter, nd more. Send us vi emil your contributions to Voices. We'll print wht we cn, either in Voices on the web or in our newsletter. And we'll point you to other fun nd interesting web sites round New York Stte nd the ntion. Once you've hd look, let us know wht you think. We re eger to mke this site s interesting nd useful s possible. Ensuring Future for Our Pst For the pst 18 months, NYFS director John Suter hs served s co-chir of the New York Stte Historicl Records Advisory Bord. In June, the bord relesed its ten-yer strtegic pln, Ensuring Future for Our Pst, which sets priorities nd gols to be ddressed by ll who re involved in the cretion, preservtion, nd use of historicl records. Historicl records is brod term tht covers ll kinds of documenttion of topics tht re deemed historiclly vluble. The pln "gives high priority to ctivities tht redress pst Continued on pge I8 New York Folklore Society, Inc 632 W. Bufflo Street Ithc, NY John Suter, Executive Director Deborh Clover, Administrtive Director Voice: (607) Fx: (607) emil: <jsutcr(@nyfolk lore.org> New York Folklore Egle Zygs, Editor P.O. Box 48. [.enox Hill Sttion. New York, NY Bord of Directors: Todd DcGrmo, President; Mry Zwolinski, Vice President: Dv~d Quinn, SecretlyiTresurer; Dn Bergyen. Kthleen Condon. Ed Frnquemont, Elsie Freemn Finch, 'Mdh Kinsey-Lmb, Nelid Perez, Elly Shodell, Gretchen Sorin. Slly Yerkovich

3 Mentoring Progrm Awrds New York Folklore Society, in prtnership with the Folk Arts Progrm of the New York Stte Council on the Arts, offers opportunities for technicl ssistnce nd professionl growth to orgniztions nd individuls engged in orplnningfolklife nd trditionl rts progrms innew York Stte through its Mentoring nd Professionl Development Progrm. The following hve received wrds this yer: The Hungrin-Americn Club of Rochester, to hire community scholr Eniko Frks to tech members to interview nddocument the stories of refugees ofthe 1956 Hungrin revolution. City Lore, to hire rchivist Nncy Johnson nd computer scientist Vlerie Brr to upgrde rrngement nd description of their folklore librry. Project Greenhope Services for Women,to hire Mlik Lee Whitney to conduct workshop with residents to gther orl histories, personl stories nd nrrtive. Blck Crow Network, to hire folklorists Pt Wells nd Willie Smyth to consult on culturl tourism issues nd give public workshop. Center for Trditionl Music nd Dnce, to hire photogrpher Mrth Cooper to led two workshops on documentry photogrphic technique. Arts nd Culturl Council of Greter Rochester, to hire folklorists Mry Zwolinski, Ctherine Schwoeffer-mnn, nd Kte Koperski to provide mentoring nd trining to the stff folklorist. Continued on pge 6 NYFS FORUM NYFS nnounces the following Folk Arts Forum: The Stte of Folklore in New York Stte,Fridy,October2,1998,1:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m.,roberson Museum nd Science Center This forum will continue the discussion led by M1 O'Connor t the New York Folklore Roundtble lst My. The gols of the forum re to further discuss common gend for the field, develop strtegies tht cn be Continued on pge 18 Meet The NYFS Bord Resz~ming our series of sey-uthored profiles of NYFS bord members, we introduce Elsie Freemn Finch. Elsie joined the hord two yers go nd serves on the Publiction nd 2000 Conference Committees. Elsie Freemn Finch.Joined in 1996 Like Dvid Quinn, whose comments preceded mine, I m neither folklorist, museum specilist nor n nthropologist, s re mny of my collegues on the NYFS bord. In my lst creer dispenstion, J ws n rchivist-cum-eductor in chrge ofpublic eduction progrms t the Ntionl Archives. Erlier I hve been secondry school nd collegite level techer ofenglish nd history, n editor for severl smll consumermgzines, n dvertising person, witress, dressmker, nd singer specilizing in music of the Broque but mking money from Gilbert nd Sullivn. Currently I edit lerning mteril for my professionl society, serve on severl bords in my new hometown, Ithc, New York, nd give unqulified dvice to the owners of resturnt in which I m prtner. oddly enough, ll of those fields mde me n ficiondo, consumer, nd probbly cretor of folklore. Literture, prticulrly Americn literture, bsorbs nd reconstitutes folk stories nd trditions; instrumentl nd vocl music from the 16th century forwrd liberlly quote the melodies nd forms of folkmusic; nd socil history, which hs in the pst 20 yers deltwith the lives nd times of ordinry people, is coming to understnd the connection between the events we cll history nd the beliefs nd behvior of the people who mke it. And in ech field in which 1 worked, I bsorbed the trditions-stories, jokes, myths, behviors-tht bound tht prticulr group together. So it ws with gret plesure tht I ccepted the invittion of the bord of the NYFS to join them, nd I now tell friends tht it is one ofthe few ofmny bords, dvisory groups, committees, tsk forces, nd other work units I've served on where I comewy from dy's meeting still liking nd dmiring my collegues nd its exemplry director, John Suter. ~ike ny orgniztion of professionls, NYFS cretes nd mintins progrms tht enhnce scholrship in the field; the rchives, mentoring nd publictions efforts re powerful exmples. But like Dvid Quinn, I too wnt to see wider populr bse ofmembers nd enthusists, beginning with school children nd dvncing through our senior popultion, of which I m one. Folklore is serious stuff but it's lso gret fun, s nyone who hs enjoyed (or in my cse, endured) jokes bout tenors nd soprnos, folk music concerts, demonstrtions of trditionl crfts or storytelling sessions with n ethnic or ge group will testify. Folklore my be the most ccessible of the scholrly fields-everyone lives with it nd cretes it-nd NYFS is now mking tht ccessibility working relity. But we need more members, more pprecitors nd cretors of folklore mong our number. I personlly hope to see our excellent nd evolving publictions in more schools nd public librries, see folklore mteril integrtedmore ggressively into school curricul, help more community groups understnd the coherence tht their own folklore nd customs give them. It cn be done, nd this orgniztion is working hrd t it. The personl stuff: I grew up in Rochester, New York, nd hve lived ll overthe country. Six yers go, fter mny yers of being single, I mrried my best friend in the rchivl profession, ~erbert inch, nd moved to Ithc; my two sons live in the Wshington DC re. From first grde through college, 1 ws beneficiry of New York's splendid eduction system. J hve BA in history nd literture from SUNY-Albny (which ws then college to trin Continued on pge 18 Elsie Freemn Finch nd her husbnd, Herbert. Photogrph courtesy of Elsie Freemn Finch 3

4 Eniko Frks demonstrting Hungrin embroidery t Schweinfurth Art Center, Auburn, NY. Photogrph by Kren Tussig-Lux See Eniko's recollections of thehungrin Revolution long with her interviews with refugees who fled to Americ in its ftermth in "Crossing the Border" in the Voices section. Interpretive embroidery disply, Eniko Frks, Schweinfurth Art Center, Auburn, NY. Photogrph by Kren Tussig-Lux Community Scholr Kren Tussig-Lux nd Deborh Clover A community folklore scholr is n individul who hs shown significnt contribution to the collection, preservtion nd presenttion of trditionl c~dture in community or region, without,forml trining in folklore or n llied field. -Betty Belnus, Community Scholr Survey: A Report on Responses nd Prelimin?y Dtbse, Center for Folklife Progrms nd Culturl Studies, Smithsonin Institution When you wlk through the front door of Eniko Frks' house nd into the living room, your first impression is tht you hveentered mini-folkrt museum, nd it is hrd to wlk through it without stopping nd looking. Displyed in chin cbinets, frmed nd mounted on the wlls re exquisite exmples of the vrious types of Hungrin embroideries nd lces she hs mde nd collected over the yers. Ech tble is grced with n exquisitely stitched cloth or doily, nd brightly ptterned embroidered pillows perch on the sof nd chirs. The enchnting smells of goulsh, fresh bred nd lekvros bukt (fruit-filled cookies) lure you into the kitchen, where you re confronted with nother stunning exmple of her cretivity: cupbord on which she hs pinted stunningly beutiful embroidery pttern of flowers in bold reds, greens, blues, yellows, nd purples. The pttern, composed of new buds, opening blossoms nd fully emerged flowers, symbolizes the life nd growth of womn. It is cler from only few moments in her house tht Eniko is prolific nd highly skilled trditionl embroiderer, nd fbulous cook. After speking with her, it soon becomes pprent tht she is lso womn of strong intellectul drive who hs worked hrd to documentthestoryofhercommunity's pst over the yers nd who hs fscinting life story of her own. Eniko ws born in nd grew up in the town of Vcs in Hungry. At 14, she hd completed elementry school but ws brred from high school becuse of her prents' clss position. Her fther hd held minor post in city government before the wr nd fced discrimintion under the Soviet-dominted regime becuse he ws considered middleclss. Becuse he hd difficulty securing work, her fmily struggled finncilly. Unwilling to be burden on them, she found job through her unt in Budpest, working underge in rg fctory. This circumstnce put her in the middle of the Hungrin Revolution of [See Eniko's description ofthe events ofthose dys on pge 9 of this newsletter 1. Her unt's prtment ws locted in the hert ofthe rebel district, nd Eniko ws literlly cught in the crossfire, trpped in her unt's prtment for dys t time. It ws during this ferful yet rther boring time tht she took up embroidery. "I tught myself to embroider during the hostilities when there ws nothing else to do but to wit to die while the Soviet tnks fired onour prtment building. We didn't die, nd I continued to embroider." Both her prticiption in this historicl event nd her pssion for embroidery hve remined lsting influences on her throughout her life. The ftermth of the revolution opened opportun~ties for Eniko; some eductionl restrictions were esed. "In the spring of 1957 I relized tht I ws going to soon be 16, nd fter tht regulr high school nd the possibility of higher eduction were out of my rech for ever. My hert ws ching to be in high school like most other children my ge. I ws lso miserble for lck of intellectul environment. With my unt'spromise of finncil support I decided to try once more to be ccepted for dmission by Geologist Technicin School. This time I mde it in! At the ge of sixteen finlly I ws high school student." Despite high grdes nd winning scholstic competition she ws unble to continue her studies t the university becuse of her sympthies with the revolutionries nd the fct tht she ws femle. Eniko worked s geologist technicin, following her compny's drilling rig round thecountry, identifying deposits in the drilling cores, nd ultimtely writing reports t the compny hedqurters. After working four yers she becme interested in lerning English so tht she could trnslte scientific rticles in her field; no one in

5 her compny could red English. Her unt, who hd fled Hungry fter the Revolution nd immigrted to the United Sttes, invited her to visit. While stying with her Ithc, NY, with its lrge Hungrin community, she met Louis Frks, fell in love, nd decided to mrry him nd sty. With no job in this country nd s yet, little English, Eniko turned to embroidery for cretive outlet, nd this time her interest deepened. "At first [doing embroidery] ws somewht pinful [becuse of her homesickness]. But 1 enjoyed doing the em- broidery so much nd seeing the colors nd the designs emerge, tht t one point itws no longer pinful, but it ws something to look forwrd to very much. It ws sort of relxtion. It ws not only for enjoymcnt; it ws lso for disppointments. When there were problems I would sit down nd embroider. After while I would get rid of some mount of frustrtion by doing the embroiderynd enjoying it." Over time, she tught herselfstitches nd styles from every region in Hungry nd becme well known s n expert on mny different types of embroidery. She hs been techer for the Embroidery Guild of Americ, for whom she developed ntionl correspondence course, hs published numerous rticles on lce mking, n d 1.is published bibliogrphy of lce-relted literture. Her work hs been fetured in number of exhibitions, nd she is in demnd s speker nd demonstrtor. While Eniko is well known s n embro~derer, needle skills comprise only prt of her interests. Her intellectul curiosity hs remined propelling force. "The embroidery ws not enough. I strted to tke courses t Tompkins-Cortlnd Community College. And whenever1 took course I ws hoping it ws going to improve my vrious work situtions. And in the end it turned out tht I ctully took enough courses to think bout compiling dcgree." Her lst position (she is now retired) ws s book preservtion technicin t Cornell University Librry, which enbled her to tke courses there. She fulfilled her drem of receiving university eduction, ultimtely erning B.A. degree in Art History from Cornell in At the sme time she initited number of projects documenting the history nd culture of Hungrins in Tompkins County. From her own experience Eniko knows tht people who document their own community often need trining nd other forms oj'ssistnce. The following re some of the types of support she nd others hve found to be prticulrly importnt: Mentorship. An ongoing reltionship with professionl who cn look t the community project, ssess its strengths nd weknesses, give dvice on how to proceed, nd offer encourgement. Trining opportunities for developing interview nd reserch skills-including workshops on folklore nd folklife nd librry nd Internet serches. Technicl trining inudio recordingndphotogrphy. lnformtion on vrious wys to present documenttion to the public, such s demonstrtions, exhibitions, festivls, nd rchives. lnformtion on how to mke the results of documenttion projectpublishble; how to find publisher; how community group or individul cn self-publish. Bibliogrphies on folklore, folklife, nd the specific subject of the project. Loctingpotentil community scholrs nd encourging them to reserch their group. Networking opportunities-wys to meet nd communicte with peers in other communities. Funding sources for community projects. Grnt writing nd fundrising skills. "My erly life in Hungry, surrounded by the stories nd history of the time ignited my lifelong interest in the experiences of the Hungrin people. Following my immigrtion to the United Sttes in 1965, my interest took scholrly form when I discovered tht, in ddition to the 56er immigrnts [refugees from the 1956 Hungrin Revolution], Hungrins comprised the lrgest pre- WWI immigrnt group in my new home of Ithc, New York. Yet, despite their presence nd history in the region, there hd been no public discussion or presenttion ofthem s n ethnic group. After witing 10 yers for someone else to write our history, I relized tht, ifwe wnted to be visible with our history nd contributions recorded, we needed to document ourselves. "I begn lerning how to do orl history interviews, nd in 1986, self-published the booklet They Were Not Well To Do People, But Hving Picino Ws Importnt, collection of interviews with Ithc Hungrin immigrnts. I knew the peoplk nd lnguge, nd I understood the history ndculture, but lcked trining in interpreting nd presenting my findings. It ws dishertening tht, t the time. no one in position to help me took n interest in my work. Addi tionl trining ws not vilble to me. It ws nother 10 yers before I ws finlly encourged nd supported in pursuing my ide of collecting the border crossing stories of lthc Hungrin 56ers. I've now renewed nd expnded tht reserch to include 56er immigrnts living in other Centrl New York communities." [See excerpts from these interviews in this issue's Voices section.] She received this encourgement in clss she took t Cornell on locl history with socil historin Crol Kmmen. Crol directed hcr to the Continued on pge 18 Pprik molif, Hungrin embroidery pttern, drwing by Eniko Frks.

6 Steve Zeitlin is Director of City Lore nd commenttor for the rdio show Artbet, herd on Ntionl Public Rdio. His column is regulr feture of the Newsletter. Witing for Go Dot Steve Zeitlin My dughter's ssignment ws simple one. She nd two friends hd to choose scene from ply to perform for their lnguge rts clss. First they tried scene from Peter Pn, then the witches scene from Mchetlz. But nothing seemed right to this feisty group of 12-yer-olds. Without telling me, they set out for the librry. When they sw it ws closed, they wndered few blocks wy to used bookstore. Together, they mnged to scrounge up dollr in chnge. They sked the bookstore owner wht plys were vilble t tht price. "Wht did you get?" I sked when they returned. "Witingjor Go Dot," my dughter nswered. A used pperbck version. "Witing for Godot?" I threw fit. The performnce ws due the next dy! Since it ws too lte to even red the book, they went with nother ply. But few dys lter my dughter did pore over Witing jor Godot. She ws interested in it, she told me, becuse the cover sid tht it ws "trgic comedy." She thought tht sounded "cool." When she finished, she declred it her fvorite ply. A few dys lter, I rered the ply, reclling lines I'd long go forgottenthe bsurd converstions: Vldimir: "We met yesterdy. Do you not remember:'" Pozzo [nscvering]: I don't remember hving met nyone yesterdy. But tomorrow 1 won't remember hving met nyone tody. So don't count on me toenlighten you." Or Pozzo sying, we "give birth stride grve, the light glems n instnt, then it's night once more." My dughter thought Vldimir nd Estrgon were hilrious. Sheespecilly liked the wy they sid, "let's go," t the end of ech ct, then styed in the sme plce. She seemed to relte to Beckett's fmous bums bit like n old cpodi~nonte cermic of two vgbonds on prk bench tht my brother nd I sw in shop window when we were her ge nd tried to convince my prents to buy. In college I'd studied Godot s prt of wht ws then the new Thetre of the Absurd. At the time, it epitomized the pplling bsurdity of life tht my wholegenertion seemed togrsp tthe sme existentil moment. Redingthe ply 25 yers lter, it ment something different. Now the meninglessness of the cosmos is simply given. Insted, the ply spoke to me bout the mening hidden in reltionships-like those, now decdesold, I shre with my brothers nd my wife. Hlf the time we're sying things to one nother we've sid million times before. Yet, s one person put it, we've "refined our communiction into work of rt." Tht's the wonderfid thmg bout t-tthe wy it becomes prt of our folklore, prt ofwht BrbrMyerhoffcIledour"equipment for living." We think of it s existing seprtely from us, but we mke it meningful when we wtch or red nd when we shre it. We dd lyers of mening s we personlize it, nd it becomes prt of fmily stories nd trditions. Lyers of mening re trnsposed onto our lives s metphors, rendering our own lives more rtful. It is sometimes convenient to divide rt into "high" or clssicl rts; populr rts, disseminted through mss production nd mss medi; nd folk rts, ptly defined by Dn Ben Amos s "rtistic communiction in smll groups." But ll rt is experienced t the folk level. Oper is experienced s culture of oper goers; not mny people go to the oper or the movies lone. Movies nd sit coms re fodder for fmily stories nd expressions. In John Suter's fmily, for instnce, the "get it, got it, good" lines from Dnny Ky's film, The Court Jester, reverberte through his fmily's folklore. In our fmily, Rob Reiner's delightful movie, The Princess Bride, figures hevily in our folklore. In one scene, the hero is crried ll but ded to "Mircle Mx" in hopes of mirculously reviving him. "It just so hppens," observes Mx, "tht your friend here is only mostly ded. Mostly ded is slightly l~ve. There's big difference between mostly ded nd ll ded. All ded there's usully only one thing you cn do...go through his pockets nd look for loose chnge." In one week in our fmily, I used those lines in commentry bout the threts to the Ntionl Endowment for the Arts, my son Ben used them in school skit, nd my dughter Eliz to describe ded or dying bug. Folklorists hve gret del to contribute to understnding how populr nd the so-clled "h~gh" rts re used in fmilies nd reltionships s tools for building culture t the most intimte levels. In college, I ws ffected by Vldimir nd Estrgon trying to find piece of rope long enough to hng themselves. Now, the reltionship between them seems bit like the worn cot Vldimir uses to cover Estrgon. The rt tht most ffects me these dys, I seem to stumble on unexpectedly. And no mtter how mny people re in theter, it's lwys personl. How it strikes depends on where I m t prticulr point in time. This time round, Godot reminded me of my ging reltives. In one fmily story, my cousin Mrc Wllce ws mixing drinks when he clled out to my uncle in the living room, "Do we hve ny vodk'?" His fthernswered, "Did you sy ltkes?" At which point, his mother in the kitchen clled out, "You wnt mtzos?" "Vodk? Ltkes? Mtzos?" becme full-fledged fmily expression in the Wllce fmily. They'd mke Smuel Beckett proud. MENTORING AWARDS Continued from pge 3 The Museums t Stony Brook, to hire folklorist Kthleen Condon to provide trining in skills necessry to produce folk rts progrms in museum setting. The Roxbury Arts Group, to hire food historin Mry Brile to provide ssistnce in plnning trditionl foods component to Fiddlers Festivl. Jen Lindbld, to hire folklorist Yvonne Lockwood to dvise on design nd development of Finnish Heritge Project nd to provide trining in fieldwork nd documenttion prctices. Long Islnd Trditions, to hire ccountnt Andrew Hollnder to provide three-hour seminr on optimizing the use of Quickbooks to meet the finncil needs of four folk rts orgniztions: Long Islnd Trditions, City Lore, World Music Institute, nd Hllockville Folklifecenter nd Museum. For more informtion on the Mentoring nd Professionl Development Progrm, see pge 19.

7 Welcome to Voices, new section of the Newsletter devoted topresenting in words nd imges, the trditions prcticed by thepeoplendcommunities ofnew YorkStte. We wnt to her from you! Send us fmily stories, interviews, recipes, reminiscences, necdotes, songs, how-to columns, nd more. We re lso looking for photogrphs nd sketches of people, plces, objects, nd community events to publish. Write us with your responses to the rticles you red nd ides forfuture issues. Don't be strngers! Join us s we lern bout ech other nd enjoy ech other's stories. Tles of n lslnd: Fishing nd Fishermn on Long Islndys Est End John Eilertsen with stories contributed by Stewrt Lester nd Johnny Collins Suffolk County, NY, is home to lmost one nd hlf million people. The county occupies the estern two thirds of Long Islnd nd, including severl smller islnds offthe est nd north costs, contins pproximtely 1200 squre miles. The estern end of the islnd divides into two nrrow, unequl brnches, or forks, clled the North Fork nd the South Fork. The North Fork looks cross Long lslnd Sound to Connecticut, nd the South Fork fces the Atlntic Ocen. The two forks, lso clled The Est End, consist of the towns of Southmpton, Est Hmpton, Riverhed, Southold, nd Shelter Islnd, nd were settled by Europens of English descent in 1640, mking the re the first English-speking settlement in New York Stte. Ntive Americns, however, hd settled in the sme re some time fter the lst Ice Age, between eight nd ten thousndyers go. All of Suffolk County is n re steeped in mritime trditions. Genertions of residents hve erned their livelihoods hrvesting the Gret South By, the Atlntic Ocen, Long Islnd Sound, nd to the est, the strems, creeks, bys, nd hrbors of the Peconic Estury System. Flounder,jluke, swordfish, bss, cod, menhden, sturgeon, oyster, clms, scllops, eels, crbs, nd countless other species offin nd shellfish hve, over the yers, sustined fishermn through good times nd bd. Although locl commercil fishermen re finding it incresingly difsicult to mintin their trditionl lifestyles - - nd occuptions, they re still here. Members of Est Hmpton town's fishing community re proud of theirfishing heritge, but they recognize tht times re chnging. Jrvey Wood, now over 80 yers old, ws born in section of Est Hmpton clled the Springs. Jrvey reclls tht, s youngster, he could wlk for hours overfields nd through woods, following creeks nd shore lines ndpths wlked by his fther, grndfther, nd gret grndfther. His gret grndfther nd grndfther were fishermen nd whlers, nd his fther ws fishermn, ".. so nuturlly I come fishing too." The biggest chnge, Jrvey nd others hve noted, is the vst number of people "jirom wy," who know little or nothing bout the old wys in generl, or bocit fishing in prticulr. Stewrt Lester, born in Amgnsett genertion fter Jrvey, remembers shrk incident involving little girl. Continued on pge 8 Cover photogrph: Mending net. Photogrph by John Eilertsen J~ey wood. Phot~PhbY John Eilertsen

8 Shlt Lester. Photogrph by John Ellertden Bottle fish. Photogrph by John Eilerken BAYMEN Continued from previous pge I sw them bring mko in the Ycht Club one time. They hd cught it bout two o'clock in the fternoon, nd they hd it on the gin pole, it ws so long, probbly weighed out bout350,400pounds. His hed hung in the wter to the gills. Now they hd it hnging off the bot ll the wy bck to the club'sdock, they got into the club round five thirty tht night, nd they hung them up on the dock, you'd swer he ws ded. Now little kid, little girl bout five or six yers old went up nd strted poking his eyeblls. Arugh! I grbbed the kid nd pulled her bck. Tht shrk ws just witing nd ifnybody wlked within wht he thought ws striking distnce, boy, he'dgo boom! And you should hve seen the people! They couldn't believe it. They thought it ws ded, nd she strted poking his eyeblls, nd it went wild. Those people just didn't know ny better. The lte Johnny Collins, fishermn, bot builder, grid storyteller, once told Stewrt nd me of prnk olyed on tourists on prty, or chrter,fishing bots. You'd wit for someone to fll sleep, with his fishing line still in the wter, trolling line behind. And very quietly you'd pull the line in nd tie bucket on it, nd throw it bck overbord. See, it ctches up with the end ~ftht line nd, "ZZZZZZZZZ, Oh, boy, I got fish!" And he'd crnknd crnk on the fishing pole for three-qurters of n hour nd finlly come up with bucket. It wouldn't muse him too much. You gott hve fellow with sense of humor, I guess. But one of the community's fvorite tles is not told bout people ''f?om wy," but bout one of their own, someone who "should hve known better." Johnny Collins relted the tle to me in There ws n old cptin on smll drgger, nd he ws fishing round the shols off Grdiner's Islnd withjust his first mte on bord. And this first mte ws good worker, but not rel shrp, kind ofslow, in fct. Anywy, they were finishing up dy's fishing, nd heding bck to port when the engine on tht old bot just died. So the old cptin scurries below to work on the engine nd hollers out to the mte, "Throw the nchor." He ws worried tht the bot ws going to drift right onto the shols, nd he wnted to nchor the bot till he got the engine strted up. Anywy, he's working on the engine, nd he hers his first mte holler bck, "There's no ' stwing' on it." The cptin kind ofwonders to himself, "Wht is he tlking bout?'butjusl then he gets the engine strted, nd in his hurry to get topside nd get underwy gin, he forgets ll bout the mte. The cptin gets the bot underwy, but in just few minutes, the engine dies gin, nd the cptin sees the bot drifting bck towrds the shols gin, so gin he runs below to work in the engine nd gin he hollers out the mte, "Throw out the nchor." After moment or two, he hers the mte holler bck, "There's no 'stwing' on it." And gin, before he cn nswer the mte, the engine strts up. So, he runs bck topside nd gets the bot underwy gin. And gin he forgets to sk the mte wht he ws tlking bout. But in just few moments the bot's engine conks out gin, nd s he runs below to work in the engine gin, he hollers out, "Throw the nchor." Of course, the mte hollers bck, "There's no 'stwing' on it," but this time the cptin cn't get the engine strted, nd worried tht they could go ground on the shols, he strts screming, "Throw the nchor, throw the nchor." And the mte hollers bck, 'There's no 'shving' on it, there's no 'shving' on it." Finlly the furious cptin screms out, "Stwing or no stwing, I'm the cptin. Throw out the dmn nchor!" And lmost immeditely he hers splsh s the mte finlly throws out the nchor. Well, right fter tht, the cptin gets the engine running gin, nd he goes topside, nd hollers out to the mte, "Pull in the nchor," nd the mte just looks t him, nd the cptin sys, "Wht re you witing for? I sid pull in the nchor!" And the mte sys, "I cn't. There weren't no 'stwing' on it." And the cptin finlly understnds tht the mte ws trying to tell him there ws no line tied to the nchor. Well, this time the engine keeps running, nd they get bck to the dock, nd the cptin strts telling everyone he knows bout wht hppened with the first mte nd the nchor, thinking everybody will think it's funny. And most folks did lugh, but not t the mte. And now, if someone tells you to do something relly stupid, or something tht you know is not right, folks will shrug nd sy, "Stwing or no stwing, you're the dmn cptin." Tles nd stories re n importnt prt of ny community. Among Est Hmpton 'sfishing folk, these stories nd mny like them educte youngsters bout the "things they oughtto know bout life, " sonefishermn once explined to me. And, they express shred vlues nd ttitudes within the fuhing community. And, s Johnny Collins used to sy, "They're kind offin to tell nd her, I guess. Mkes you feel good."

9 Crossing the Border: Stories of the 56ers Eniko Frks In spring of 1997, encourged by her techer, historin Crol Kmmen, Eniko Frks begn interviewing fellow Hungrin immigrnts in the lthc re who hd escped Hungry during the Revolution of 1956 [See rticle on Eniko on pge 4 of this newsletter]. Most of those who escped fced severe politicl repression or imprisonment hd they styed. While not 56er herself, Eniko ws trpped in the re of heviest fighting in Budpest during the Revolution. The revolution ws life-chnging experience for her nd hs remined subject of fscintion throughout her life. Eniko's ccount, below, is followed by the stories of four other Hungrins who risked ll to cross the western border. Eniko Frks, Ithc, NY In Jnury of 1956 I ws unemployed, too young for fctoryjobs, nd hd to look for solution wht to do with myself. One dy I wrote poem bout hunger, which I felt ws looming on the horizon gin. I showed the poem to my unt who hd published some of her own writing. She decided to write letter to Pul Orvecz, communist dolescent literture writer nd sent my poem to her. God bless her, she felt sorry for me nd found me job where I could work underge. The plce ws sheltered sewing workshop for people dmged by the wr. My new work mtes were elderly Jews who cme bck from the concentrtion cmps nd couldn't hve coped in the fster-pced environment of rel fctory. There were lso Greek nd Mcedonin prtisns, some prtilly crippled, nd few Christins with hndicps. We sewed dust rgs. The ir ws full of rg dust; the jnitors cme with wter pump nd pumped moisture into the ir from time to time. Comrde Stkhnov found his plce in the sheltered workshop too. Our production ws noted by nme on blckbord. Finlly, I mde rel money; I ws ble to buy clothes nd ws not burden on my prents. I ws hoping tht my intellectul cretivity ws finlly ded, nd I could live hppily ever fter s fctory worker. My life ws suddenly turnedupside down by the events of the 1956 Hungrin Revolution. My unt's prtment ws locted in the rebel VIIIth district, one block wy from the big militry brrck nmed the "Kilin Lktny." I ws home with cold when we herd tht there ws mss demonstrtion in front of the Hungrin Rdio nd the Prliment. At night I went towrds the re nd sw trucks coming with bleeding people hnging to the sides. The revolution begn. The events of the next few dys profoundly chnged my life nd outlook on life. I ws excited bout being ble to see rel historicl event; consequently I spent s much time s possible in the streets observing. I crried cmer with me nd took pictures which were sold by my unt to n Austrin news gency. When I herd tht Stlin's sttue ws being tken prt, I went there nd cquired piece of it. Then I went to the Russin bookstore which ws being looted nd its contents burned in the street. I lso stepped on one of the records lying on the street where the crowd ws dncing on them. This brbrin behvior cn be understood only if one relizes the depth of Hungrin resentment ginst forced Russiniztion. I sw the first few Russin soldiers to die in Budpest nd lter sw the streets covered with corpses. There were no snittion workers, so t one point the corpses were piled up into pyrmids. I ws the food buyer for my fmily nd the go-between for my cousin nd his girlfriend. One time on my wy, I ws cught in crossfire nd ws sved by somebody who pulled me up from n open window. At one point the Russin tnks strted to fire so ceselessly t the prtment complex I lived in tht we couldn't go out nymore. Hungry nd bored, I strted to tech myself embroidery using my ded girl cousin's embroidery book. Finlly the Russins stopped firing, nd it looked like we got rid of them. My unt rrnged for me to go bck to my prents in Vc on horse-drwn crrige. The next dy ws November 4, The Russin bombers ttcked Budpest in the wee hours ofthe morning. In my homecity of Vc, in the middle of the night, we herd the thump of tnks rolling on the rod towrd Budpest. Clr Teremy, Rochester, NY ClrTeremy lejt Hungry with her husbnd nd four children. They lived in smll villge in the northestern corner of the country. CT: We were not ble to mke decent living for ourselves nd our four children. Besides we lived in fer ll the time. In the villge there were only few people who represented the old regime. Becuse my husbnd hd been hed notry public he ws red flg in the uthorities' eyes. Whenever the communists picked up people, not becuse they did something wrong but becuse they wnted to scre certin clss, my husbnd ws trget. We lived in constnt terror nd slept in the ttic ofthe brn mny time becuse we never knew when the uthorities needed body so they could sy they cptured "rectionry." Continued on next pge Eniko Frlcs (top row, left) nd her cworken in front of the dust rg fctory, Photogrph courtesy of Eniko Ferks Comrde Stkhnov ws col miner who "mined col t rte no humn possibly could" nd who ws held up to workers s model. The "Stkhnov Movmenent" forced workers to overproduce beyond cpbility to follow his exmple. Kilin Lktny ws the brrck where Hungrin soldiers first sided with the revolutionries. Soldiers opened up the brrcks to street fighters nd provided them with weponry.

10 56E RS Continued from previous pge We hd no opportunity to find guide. We drgged our feet until it ws too lte to strt towrd the border. We didn't hve enough money, it ws mid-winter, nd we were worried bout risking the four children's lives. After we left it would become common knowledge. We would lose our prtment, nd the children would be kicked out of school. We kept witing for the West to interfere. The crckdown strted on people who were involved in the Revolution in Jnury. Actully it didn't mtter whether they were involved with it or not; unwnted people were trgeted. We felt tht the sitution ws hopeless, nd we hd to go, but we didn't know how. We were clueless. My husbnd couldn't get job where we lived becuse of his clss origin, so he worked in Debrecen. He cme home on the weekend, nd on the trin he met young soldier who ws from the Yugoslvin border re. The soldier sid tht his villge is locted in good plce, not on the border, but there border. My husbnd who ws very shrp questioned the soldier bout his fmily nd where they lived. The soldier complied, nd my husbnd noted everything So we mde the decision to leve. But my husbnd hd to go bck to Debrecen. One son ws in high school in Kisvrd, two others were steel mnufcturing trde students in Vc. It ws difficult even to gther the fmily. At night my two sons climbed over the big stone wll surrounding their school. They tried to buy ticket t the trin sttion to Debrecen, but they didn't hve enough money. This ws the strt of hevenly mircles, becuse the ticket seller gve them the tickets without money nd told them to py in two weeks when they were coming bck. Hve you ever herd such thing tht somebody is given ticket without pying for it? Finlly they rrived in Debrecen, nd we strted out towrd Szeged (in southern Hungry) on the trin. There ws no help we hoped to get there from nybody. We rrived in Szeged-tht ws nother mircle becuse everybody ws sked to show their officil identifiction except us, nd there were the six of us. There ws big rid every evening in Szeged. Theevening cme, nd we were cold. We couldn't tke it ny more. We went to hotel to get room. The clerk looked t us nd sid, "You wnt to cross the border." "No, we don't." "It is written ll over you. Wht re you doing wndering with four school-ge kids in the middle of winter? I don't cre ifyou wnt to go cross the border, but every midnight the secret police (vo) come to round up people." We rented two rooms. I fell on my knees nd pryed to God in front ofmy bed tht we could cross the border in some mirculous wy. We woke up t midnight to hrd knocks on the door. It ws the dreded vo. We were told tht we would not be tken in to the collecting sttion, we could sty the night, but hd to be on the trin becuse they will wtch the hotel. The morning cme. Gyul, my husbnd, who ws good t seizing opportunities, went out to the hllwy nd sked mn t rndom. He sid, "Sir, I wnt to cross the border, I hve four kids, would you plese tell me which direction I should go." The mn told him to come into his room nd gve him dvice. "Your biggest problem is going to be to cross the Tisz River Bridge becuse it is closely gurded. If you cross the bridge you will be O.K. becuse the lnds re not tht closely gurded." So we strted to cross the Tisz Bridge. There were secret police ll over. My husbnd sid, "Let's cross the bridge, not too close, but not too fr from ech other, whistling, looking crefree." With God's help, nobody sked us for our ppers. I couldn't believe it. I kept looking bck, nd when the sixth member ofthe fmily crossed the bridge I felt like kissing the ground. It ws middy; the bells were ringing when we rrived into tht quiet villge. All the dogs rn out nd jumped on us. We wnted our entrnce to be kept secret, but every villger cme out-they ll knew wht we wnted. We found the house [of the fmily of the soldier Gyul hd met on the trin]. God bless them they greeted us with such love. True, my husbnd told story portrying his reltionship with the soldier son lot closer thn it ctully ws. He sid their son ws sending his greetings, etc. The fmily ws eting their Sundy lunch, nd we st down to the round msonry herth. I will never forget its wrmth. We were offered food-good chicken soup, nd we dried our wet shoes round the herth. The fmily set out gin to cross the border nd got lost. They eventully met 50 yer-old womn who led them to the cnl tht mrked the border nd told them to run cross. They were not sure whether or not they hd crossed the border becuse the cnl ws covered with snow nd hd severl brnches. I sid, "Why don't we mke noise trying to ttrct the ttention of the Yugoslv border ptrol." My wishes were nswered when we sw two soldiers emerge from the fog. We greeted them with joy, but when they got closer to us they tlked to us in Hungrin in very men wy. They were the Hungrin border ptrol. We were totlly confused nd hlf-frozen. We didn't relize tht they hd come into Yugoslvi to cpture us. The ptrol lined us up, hnds over heds, three step distnce between every person. Everything ws white like milk, the ir, the erth. Suddenly we see soldier coming in lrge fur cot with two dogs. He sid "stoj." This ws in Russin. I thought, this is the end if the Russins re here too. The Hungrin border ptrol threw wy their wepons. My husbnd grsped the sitution nd rn up to the new soldier. Gyul sked, "Are you Yugoslvin?" "D," nswered the soldier. Suddenly I thought my husbnd went insne becuse he strted to bet up the Hungrin border ptrol. Gyul sid, "You wnted to kill my children!"the ptrolmen sid tht they wnted week of extr vction becuse tht ws their rewrd if they cptured refugees. So they cme

11 Mrk Hmilton: Old-Time Fiddler, Cller, nd Singer Kren Cnning nd Mrk Hmilton Mrk Hmilton ws born in 1919 in WolfRun, town of Clrksville (just south of Cub in Allegny County), ndgrew up on the fmily frm there. His musicl repertory of songs, fiddle tunes, nd dnce music stretches bck into the midnineteenth century, pssed down from both sides ofhis fmily. Like mny rurl New York musicins who hveprovided locl entertinment through severl decdes, Mrk drws from wondeel vriety of sources nd styles. These include old-time Scots-lrishfiddle tunes, old-fshioned qudrille tunes, singing squre dnce clls, wkes, polks, two-steps, schottisches, fox-trotstndrds, commercil country tunes,ndsing-long folksongs. His keen memory nd love of storytelling give vivid pictures of house prties nd mple sugring, fmily stories bout pioneer dys in the southern tier, nd welth of songs with more lternte lyrics thn one could imgine. Music hs been prtofmrks fmily s fr bcks he cn recll, though with the erlier genertions it ws lrgely limited to singing, whistling or dncing. One fmily story tells of gret-gret grndfther Stephen Abbott, who mde up song bout wolf hunt: My gret-grndfther Abbott used to go hunting over there. He lwys sid the best wolf hunting in this prt of the country ws Wolf Run nd Wolf Creek. And one time he ws gonn go over hunting nd some guy nmed Levke ws gonn go with him. Well, something hppened nd this fellow didn't go. So, the guy decided to go by himself. And of course, in them dys, it ws ll big timber. He got over there nd got lost. It commenced to getting drk, nd he ws frid if he lid down on the ground, the wolves would et him up. So he found hollow log, nd he built fire out in front of it, 'cuse he knew the wolves couldn't go through the fire to get to him. Well, in the night he woke up, nd his log ws on fire. And he hd to crwl out through the fire to get out of there. He found his wy out the next dy. Well, he sw Grndp Abbott fter tht. And Grndp Abbott used to sing song: Old Levke ws only hlfbked, He went hunting lone. The foolish old dog, he crwled in log, And built him hell of his own. As child, Mrk remembers going to locl dnces nd house prties, where the children would often sleep through good prt of the dnce: We lwysused to go nd get sleepy; we'd ly down on couple chirs or, ifthey didn't hveenoughchirs,they'd go nd get plnk off of wgon nd put down some potto crtes nd set the plnk on the potto crtes nd mde long bench. Sixteen-foot plnk. A lot of people would sit on tht. Sometimes they'dput the kids on bed. They lid there sleep good mny times. My fther never drove cr. Alwys drove horses. We hd lot of fin going, nd we'd go to sleep on the wy bck. I cn remember my mother used to get us out when it ws just so nice nd wrm. I don't see why we couldn't sty right there 'till morning. She'dmkeus get out oftht nice wrm strw in tht wgon nd go nd get into n old cold bed. Bufflo robe nd strw kept us nice nd wrm. Mrk strted outplying the hrmonic s boy, then the pump orgn, pino, nd ccordion. He ws bout 18 when he begn to fiddle, with encourgement fiom his uncle nd cousin: The first song I ever plyed on fiddle ws "Home On The Rnge." I borrowed violin t night, nd my cousin tuned it up. The next morning I got up nd got the milking done, nd whilemy mother ws getting brekfst, I lerned to ply tht tune. And I lerned one every dy from then on, while she ws getting brekfst. Six weeks lter they wnted somebody to ply for dnce down here in Est Cub, nd I plyed it. Theodore Wgner ws n old timer when Mrk ws young,ndlso tught him to fiddle. Mrk remembers this story: Theodore's fther plyed fiddle too, nd he used to tell bout how his fther nd mother'd get in fight. He'd sit out on the front porch nd fiddle. One dy shegot mdnd kicked him, fiddle ndwhole business, off the porch. Another time they got in fight nd ws just, oh, just hollering nd rrin', nd he'd set nd fiddle. So when she'd quit tlking, why he'd go hng his fiddle up, on the wll. She doubled up her fist nd smshed it right through it. So he went, got him some glue nd glued his fiddle ll bck together, nd when they got redy for nother fight, he ws redy for fiddling. As young mn going to dnces, Mrk took prticulr interest infiguring out how the squres worked: When I first strted lerning squre dnces, our neighbor fellow hd cr...he used to pick me up, nd we'd go over [to Bedford Corners] to lern squre dnces. This old fellow ws lwys clling something different, so we'dget home nd Mondy morning I'd get the old tem of horses out on the plow. I'd plow while, then I'd stop, nd while they ws resting, I'd mix up some mud nd sticks, nd I'd move 'em round like people. I figured out how tht squre dnce went, so when it come next Sturdy night, I knew how to do it. A regulr dnce in Bolivr, NY during World Wr II provided entertinment for wide re, nd ws lso Continued on next pge Mrk Hmilton. Photogrph by Dvid N. Boyer

12 Interview quottions in this rticle hve been dpted from Jim Kimbll's, Mrk Hmilton: Songs nd Tunes from Wolf Run, published by Smpler Records (P.O. Box 19270, Rochester, New York 14619; Tel: (71 6) ). A CD or tpe collection with the sme title is lso vilble through Smpler, s well s other titles of trditionl New York Stte musicins nd music. Mikuls is the Hungrin St. Nichols whose dy is celebrted on December 6. Young men re hired to dress s Mikuls nd hnd out gifts tc children. where Mrk met his wife. Ktie Hmilton remembers: Well you know, during World Wr 11-tht's when I ws going to high school-there ws bsolutely nothing to do. Gsoline ws rtioned. But there ws tht dnce in Bolivr every Sturdy night. And ifyou didn't go to tht dnce, now let me tell you something, you hdn't lived. The world hd pssed you by for tht week. And, you know, bck then bunch ofgirls could wlk from Richburg to Bolivr, nd you never hd to worry bout nybody picking you up or nything like tht. And gosh, whole bunch of us would get together nd wlk to those dnces. And we would dnce every dnce, nd just hve fit when it ws time togo home. Tht's wht you lived for, becuse, gosh, in tht re ll the servicemen tht were home on leve were lwys t the dnce on Sturdy night. Then, my gosh, from the time you wlked in till it ws overwith, you hd every dnce booked upsqure dnces nd round dnces nd everything else. And tht's just ll there ws to do. Mrk cretes his own verses to fmilir songs, nd his ew versions re seemingly endless. His son once mentioned to ethnomusicologist Jim Kimbll tht for every extr verse, he hs yet nother, more "colorful" version. [To the tune of "Four Lef Clover"] I'm overlookin' my wife's poor cookin' I overlooked before. First come the 'tters nd then comes the met, Then comes the grvy tht in't fit to et. There's no need explinin' the one reminin'. Is something tht I dore I'm overlookin' my wife's poor cookin' Tht I overlooked before. [To rhe tune of "Little Brown Jug "1 Went down to milk nd I didn't know how, Set right down to gentlemn cow; Pulled on his horn nd then on his til, Didn't get ny milk in my little tin pil! Bought cow from frmer Jones, She ws nothing' but skin nd bones. Dressed her up in the finest silk; Jumped the fence nd strined her milk! The dnce Mrk clls to "Little Brown Jug" follows below ( "..." indictes musicplying while dncers crv out the movement): Do n llemnd left nd corners ll, Right in the corner, grnd chnge ll... First two, promende through, Between the opposite fcing you; Ldy go right, gent go left... Swing you up hed with foot on the floor... Now down the center nd cut 'em up four... You swing her, nd she'll swing you... Now down the center nd cut-wy two... Everybody swing, everybody swing... Now n llemnd left nd cut-wy ll, Right to the corner, nd grnd right nd left. 56ERS Continued frompge 10 fter us to Yugoslvi to cpture us. I rn up to the Yugoslvin soldier nd hugged him. The soldier couldn't iel with ll this nd firedshots into the irto get help. The thers cme, nd the Hungrin border ptrol becme prisoners. Gyul tunted them. Suddenly they becme very meek. The next dy they trucked us to refugee cmp. The resident refugees were wtching our rrivl from the second floor of the school where we were to be housed. When we went into the building the young mn who ws the room hed told me, "My soul, you hve to clen yourself!" He ws relly shmed lter. So this is the ~nirculoustory of our escpe. Elmer Medgyszy, Zthc, NY Elmer Medgyszy left Hungry in November of 1956, fter the Hungrin Revolution filed. EF: You were very close to the border with Austri, right? EM: Right. Yes, I lived in border town nmed Sopron. EF: Why did you leve Hungry? EM: Well, bsiclly they lredy strted rresting students who were involved with the revolution, so bsiclly we hd to go. EF: Were you involved little bit with the revolution? EM: Yes, but we were not fighting, mening when people were stnding in line for food, nticipting food shortges, we mde sure tht everybody styed in line to keep the order. And we wtched fctories nd mde sure no mchinery got destroyed. Overll, we were engged in keeping the socil order. EF: Wht did the West men to you, nd how did you lern bout it? EM: Through books thn we hd red. Cowboy books, which we red ginst the regime's wishes. And nything you could get your hnds on. We red nd cquired blcklisted books severl wys. We used to trde Zne Grey books on the street. We ctully mde money on it. 1 would be dressed up s Mikuls nd would be hired to give gifts to little kids. Sometimes I would be pid in contrbnd books for tht. My uncle ws school principl, nd he ws ordered to clen the librry fiomcertin books. School librries were ordered to remove certin books from the school librries. He didn't throw out or burn books; insted he hid them in his ttic. The ttic hd little window, just lrge enough to give enough light for me to red. I would go up to the ttic nd red there. There were not too mny blcklisted books vilble in the cities; there were no plces to hide them. The books were there, but you hve to know how to get to them. In the little villges more books survived becuse the villge intellectuls hid them in the ttic. One time my mother mnged to give me Bible bound in lether for Christms. Everydy t four o'clock, we went to the pstry shop. We didn't discuss it in dvnce. We rced who cn et the most kremes (Npoleons). Whoever te the lest pid. The dy we left [Hungry] we met there nd tlked bout Continued on next pge

13 I 56ERS Continued from previous pge leving. The four of us, Alex, Jo, Jmes, nd me. We hd lrge circle of friends nd severl groups within it. The pstry shop owner herd tht we were going to leve. We te more thn usul tht dy, nd we hd very big bill. He sid "lsten ldjon" (Don't worry bout the bill). We were eting grpes when we crossed the border nd never worried bout getting shot. We were 18 yers old, not scred of nything. We were too young to be scred. I hd friend who knew tht prt of the region round the city. We crossed without ny problem. Edgr nd his friends wlked to Vienn, bout 40 minutes wy from Sopron. A Ctholic orgniztion sponsored their pssge to the United Sttes. They lived in CmpKilmer, innew Jersey, which hd been militry bse during World Wr 11. Here, they were connected with Americn sponsors, usully of Hungrin bckground. In Cmp Kilmer there ws wht we clled the "slve mrket." Bsiclly this ws joke. We dressed up, nd we went down there where people looked for people to sponsor. Bsiclly tht ws kind of joke tht we hd slve mrket there. We hd one necktie mong the four of us, nd ech of us got to wer the necktie different dy. I would wer it one dy, nd my friend would wer it the next dy. So I wore the necktie, nd we went down there fter brekfst, which ws excellent. They treted us very well. My sponsor clled me over nd sked if I would like to come with them. And I sid, "Yes, I'd be more thn gld to." He sys, "Would you tke ny sort of job?" I sid, "Yes, ny sort of job I could mke living with, but the only wy I will go is if I cn tke my friends with me." Tht's how my friends cme with me to Ithc. Blint Korik Blint Korik left Miskolc, Hungry, on November 4, 1956, with two friends. BK: There ws lst trin tht ws going to Budpest. It ws the dy fter they took over Hungry, the Russins. So we went there, nd we styed t the Keleti trin sttion ll night, nd the next morning we took trin to the border with Austri, to the lst town-i forgot the little town's nme. By tht time there were 70 of us. Seventy men nd one ldy. When we strted out, two little kids bout 10 to 12 yers old sid tht they were going to tke us to the border. They were t the trin sttion. It ws bout three o'clock in the fternoon when we strted out through plowed fields towrd the Austrin border. By six o'clock it ws drk lredy, nd the kids finlly sid tht they were lost. They didn't know where they were. We didn't hve to, but we gve them money. We gve them some money, nd told them to go bck. They told us to look t this light, just fint light in the distnce, nd they sid, go tht wy, so we went there. So there ws little settlement there of four, five houses. So we went there nd tlked to mn. He didn't wnt to tke us to the border, but he told us which wy to go. He sid, "See tht light?" There ws nother light beyond tht ws bout five, six kilometers. So we strted out towrd the light wy in the distnce. It ws little villge. The first house hd light. By tht time it ws bout midnight. So we went in there, nd this mn ws techer in the little town, nd he told us, "Yes, the border is here." He sid, "I will tke you there." So he put on big slb of bcon on the tble nd bred for 70 people. We gve him ll the money nd wtches we ll hd. And he took us to the border. He sid, "You cross here nd keep to your right ll the time. If you turn to the left you will end up in Hungry becuse there is curve in the border." So tht is wht we did. About n hour lter we cme to four or five big hystcks. It ws cold nd we strted to dig holes to get wrm, but we herd some voices coming from the hystcks. There were bout 20 other people there lredy. So bout morning the Austrin ptrol cme long nd sid O.K., just wit there, nd they were going to send some trucks fter us. Julie Kovcs, Rochester, NY Julie Kovcs lefr Budpest nd her home country in Jnury of 1957 with her husbnd nd brother-in-lw. JK: We didn't get guide. We guided ourselves. They told us where the border ws. My fther lived close to the border, so we got permit, nd we went to visit with him. Then we hopped on the trin like students nd mingled with the students nd went to the nerest border town, which ws Brcs. First there were three of us. At the end there were the four ofus becuse n 18-yer-old kid, when he herd tht we were plnning to cross the border, joined us. We crossed the Drve-tht's the big river which seprtes Hungry from Yugoslvi. Tht ws the only wy-the only border open-not relly open, but the only wy to cross. There ws ice on it still, but it ws breking. We fell into the river, nd we lmost drowned. Then we ll crossed the border, nd we were ll wet, nd then my husbnd sid we hd to find frm no mtter which side of the river we were on (we were told tht we could end up bck in Hungry gin becuse the Drv is very sneky, very curvy). My husbnd sid it didn't mtter whether Hungrin or Yugoslvin; we hd to go becuse we were going to freeze. We herd dog brk, so we went in tht direction. The first person we herd tlking, we couldn't understnd wht they were sying, nd we knew tht we were in the right plce. We were in Yugoslvi for 11 long months. They shifted us from plce to plce. I ended up going to Cnd becuse none of the Western countries wnted to tke me becuse I ws eight months pregnnt. We spent 11 yers in Cnd. Then we cme here becuse it ws better opportunity work-wise for my husbnd. Pigfeet jelly [kocsony) prty t the Frks home. From left to right, Elmer Medgyszy, Blint Korik, Louis Frks. Photogrph by Eniko Frks

14 Hungrin Goulsh - Eniko Frks From Hungrin Cuisine nd Personl Memories by Eniko Frks. The book, which contins the recipe printed here is vilble by writing to: Eniko Frks, 156 Crescent Plce, Ithc, NY. $ $4.00 for postge nd hndling. How we cook nd wht we like re very closely relted to fmily history nd trditions. Food trditions re things tht we inherit nd crry on with vehemence. Sometimes ntionlity nd religion dispper but not the upkeep of fmily food trditions. I found this out when I ws collecting informtionfrom secondnd thirdgenertion Hungrin immigrnts to the Ithc re. Even ifthe lnguge ws long forgotten nd there were no other ties to Hungry, the food trditions nd recipes lived on. Hungrins very jelously gurd their recipes nd if Hungrin trusts you with her secret recipe you cn trust her with your life. Giving your fvorite recipe wy is the ultimte bonding experience between women; it mkes friends for life. Even in the best cookbooks ingredients re left out so nobody will be ble to recrete exctly the rt of fmous chef. Z guess in this regrd I m the exception becuse everything I know is here. The Hungrin word gulybs mens cttlemen in English. This delicious, thick, spicy soup ws their min food. The cttle herdsmen cooked this souplstew over n open fire in kettle while tending to the herd in the Gret Lowlnds of Hungry. Gulyhs soup hs been round for long time. Some uthorities think the Hungrins brought the trdition with them from Asi. Thegulybs soup got its finl form in the erly nineteenth century when the use of pprik s spice ws incorported into minstrem Hungrin cooking. Except for politics, there re few subjects tht cn s esily incite strong feelings in Hungrins s the subject of the proper kinds of spices nd vegetbles tht go into the goulsh. Friendships cn end over whether the crrots re sliced round or lengthwise. Goulsh is good bse for wine or beer drinking prty nd cn be mel in itself. Serve it steming hot with good rye bred. Use sixqurt pot for mking the soup. By the wy, substitute mcroni for csipetke only in n emergency. If this recipe doesn't look like nything you've thought to be "Hungrin Goulsh" do not despir. Try to mke it nywy; you might get plesnt surprise. Ingredients: 2 lbs. len beef met, cubed into 1 in. pieces 2 mrrow bones 1 (8 02.) plte beef (bck ribs) 3 T. lrd 112 t. crwy seed 2 lrge onion, cubed 3 cloves grlic, minced 3 T. sweet Hungrin pprik 1 t. hot Hungrin pprik 2 t. slt 112 t. mrjorm leves 114 t. blck pepper An bsolutely gret issue. Liked it ll, especilly Frnkie Mnning & the Lindy Hop in '27. Keep on, Pete Seeger Thnk you so muchforthe wonderful piece. It is memory ll of our fmily will hve, thnks to you ll. Shron Btes I don't know whether this isnew York folklore or not; I'd like to pss it to somebody who'd be interested. My gret-gret-grndfther, Lwson Vlentine, bought frm in Ornge County just south of Mountinville nd Letters & Queries 8 c. wter or s needed 1 by lef 1 tomto, qurtered 1 j-ying green pepper, qurtered 4 crrots sliced into in. pieces, then qurtered 2 prsnips, sliced into in. pieces, then qurtered 2 stlks of celery, sliced 5 sprigs of prsley 2 Ibs. red pottoes, cubed. Csipetke : I T. softened butte- I lrge egg 114 t. slt 213 c. ll purpose flour Sok cubed beef met, mrrow bones nd plte beef in cold wter until no longer very bloody. Melt lrd in the cooking pot nd fry crwy seed in lrd for no more thn twominutes. Add onions nd sutkuntil onions regolden brown. Add minced grlic to onions nd fry two minutes longer. Turn off het. Drin mets, nd dd to pot. Sutt mets for 10 minutes, then dd the two kinds of ppriks, slt, mrjorm, nd blck pepper. Sut6 mets in pprik onion mixture for five to 10 minutes. Stir continuously. Wsh peel, nd slice crrots nd prsnips. Add the wter, then dd by lef, tomto, green pepper, crrots, prsnips, celery, nd prsley. Cook soup for n hour or until met is just bout soft. Add the cubed pottoes. Add csipetkes. Before serving, prick met nd pottoes with fork to see tht they re thoroughly soft nd well cooked. Prepre csipetke: Soften butter, then mix I egg. Add slt. Add flour. Work up ingredients to form soft dough. Roll out dough s thin s possible. Punch off smll pieces nd throw into boiling soup. Dumplings re done when they rise to the surfce of the gulybs nd re soft in the middle. nmed it Houghton Frm. He ws interested in lot of things tht others weren't yet, including vrious types of experimentl griculture nd the trditions ofntive Americns. He mde point of finding out the Ntive nmes for things in his re, including Kiwhel, the smll mountin cross Route 32 from Schunnemunk, nd the Awessim, the strem flowing down tht vlley, known on mps s Woodbury Creek. Does nybody else know these nmes? Is my bit of unrelible fmily orl history ny use to nybody? I hope this is of some interest to somebody you cn pss it on to. Yours truly, Vlentine Doyle

15 The Voices Workshops: A Report Deborh Clover Lst yer, NYFS lunched new progrm clled Voices. The three components of this inititive re designed to bring the content of folklore-the stuff folk life is mde of-to wider udience within our stte nd round the world, presented in the voices of the people themselves. While muchof public folklore prctice focuses on finding nd presentingexemplry folk rtsnd rtists or exmples offolklife through exhibits, festivls nd other progrms, Voices strives to help estblish sense of personl relevnce nd emphsizes the vlue of everydy folklore in the lives of ll of us. Reders of this publiction hve lredy hd the opportunity to smple some of the results. The new center section, ptly titled Voices, fetures the folklore contributions from the people who hve creted nd lived it, includingpersonl stories, interviews, recipes, nd photogrphs. The soon-to-be-up-nd-running NYFS websitewill include highlights of Voices from the newslettel: Joining the incresing number of stte folklife websites, the NYFS site will lso introduce people the world over to our work nd to the rich nd diverse culturl trditions of our stte. On more locl level, the third component of Voices is series of four pilot workshops conducted by folklorists in coopertion with community-bsed orgniztions in different loctions round New York Stte. Ech workshop engges prticipnts in thinking bout nd shring the trditions in their own lives, fmilies, groups nd communities. Mry Zwolinski, Director of the Folk Arts Progrm t RCCA: The Arts Center, Troy, nd Vice President ofnyfs, led workshop in Februry on "Fmily Folklore: Finding It, Mking It, Keeping It." Co-sponsored by therensseler County Historicl Society, Mry supplemented her presenttion with plenty of personl exmples nd redings from the books, The Grnd Genertion: Memory, Mstery, Legcy (by Mry Hufford, Mrjorie Hunt, nd Steven Zeitlin), nd A Celebrtion ofamericn Fmily Folklore (by Steven J. Zeitlin, Amy J. Kotkin, nd Holly Cutting Bker). She used these sources to move prticipnts beyond genelogy to n understnding of wht comprisesfmily folklore-storiesnd orl trditions, food nd recipes, nd objects of importnce to fmily mem- bers-how to identify fmily folklore, why it's importnt nd how to document it. Mny ofthose ttending shred their own stories nd necdotes. The second prt of Mry's workshop focused on how to mke tngible objects out of fmily folklore. Items such s photo lbums, scrp books, wedding nd birth books, orl history collections of tpes, letters nd photogrphs, recipe books, nd fmily tresurechests ll function to help fmily keep nd pss on its story nd trditions. Lst October, I worked with the Spencer Historicl Society, locted in rurl community in the Southern Finger Lkes region, to look t locl community trditions from 50 yers go to the current time. Within the context of the remembered pst nd the present, people tlked bout both chnge nd continuity in the community's wy of life. Stories of Sturdy night bth time, cider brrels in cellrs, Christms Eve dinner, the impct of World Wr 11, technologicl dvncement, styles of dress, entertinment nd recretion, socil ctivities, holidys nd celebrtions, prnks, business nd eduction, pinted living picture ofthe lst hlf century in the life of this community. Lst month, Kren Cnning, stff folklorist for four-county region tht includes Genesee, Orlens, Livingston, nd Wyoming counties in Western New York, met with group of 15-yer-olds from the Btvi Youth Bureu Job Development Pro- grm to explore the trditions experienced by teengers in thisregion. The group of bout 20 teens were led through discussion of folklore s field, both s creer nd s n element in one's community life. They explored vrious folkwys in their own lives through redings, tped interview smples, mteril objects, fmily stories, nd hnds-on ctivities coordinted by Cnning. The workshop generted interest in heritge nd children's rts, nd introduced the group to previously unknown field of study. The big question t the conclusion of the workshop-how muchdoes full-time folklorist mke yer? Finlly, folklorist Kthy Condon nd Mdh Kinsey-Lmb, director ofthe Cominunity Folk Arts Progrm of Mind-Builders Cretive Arts Center in the Bronx, re working with the Blck Americn Roots Society in Brooklyn to hold workshop on Slurdy, July 18, entitled "Documenting nd Shring Africn-Americn Fmily nd Community Trditions." The workshop will be held from 10.m. to 1 p.m. t the Cdmn Plz Brnch Brooklyn Public Librry, 280 Cdmn Plz West, Brooklyn Heights. For more informtion, cll Brbr Muniz, Blck Americn Roots Society, The Voices progrm provides n opportunity for newsletter reders, web browsers, nd workshop prticipnts to interct with one nother through these three venues. NYFS lso hopes the progrm cuses people to puse nd reflect on the vlue ofthe culture nd trditions in their lives, even s those trditions evolve in response to socil chnges. Every one of us lerns nd lives within the culturl vlues nd expressions ofour vried groups. But more thn tht, we support nd continue tht culture through our celebrtions, fodwys, trditionl music nd rts, nd by pssing them on to future genertions. Voices llows us to shre our own folklore in broder wy, not only within ourown groups nd communities but lso cross cultures. Deborh Clover is Administrtiwe Director of NYFS Both The Grnd Genertion nd A Celebrtion of Fmily Folklore my be purchsed through The Culture Ctlog. Cll , or write to City Lore, 72 E. First St., New York, NY

16 From the Field The Newsletter welcomes contributions to this col~irnrt from its redership. Plese submit prgrph of bout 100 words describing your clirrent folklore-relted ctivities. We willprint smny s we hve room for on firsl come first served bsis. Some items my hve to he edited, depending on vuilhle spce. Ellen McHle, pst president of NYFS, is working s stff folklorist t the Schohrie Arts Council. Her current project focuses on Shron Springs, minerl sp which hs been in opertion since the eighteenth century. She is interviewing the owners of bording houses for people who come to tke the bths, which, since the lte 1800s, hve been Jewish-run. Most ofthe clientele now re Russin emigres nd Orthodox Jews. She hs lso been hired to do n orl history project on Robert Sterling Clrk, founder of the Robert Sterling nd Frncine Clrk Art Institute of Willimstown, MA, which holds his renowned collection of French Impressionist pinting. (The collection of his brother, Stephen, formed the bsis of the Fenimore House nd Frmer's Museum in Cooperstown). Shn Ji, former stff folklorist t the Arts& Culturl Council of Greter Rochester, now lives with her fmily in Cerrito, CA, outside of Los Angeles. Since leving New York Stte, Shn hs pursued creer s n eductor; she recently pssed her Cliforni techers exm nd hs been offered position s seventhgrde socil science techer strting in September. With her husbnd's job s finnce mnger, the fmily now splits its time between three countries, with homes in Hong Kongnd Beijing s well s Cerrito. For the school yer, Shn remins in Cerrito, where her son, Yi Wei ttends school. Shn misses her friends in New York Stte nd sys tht New Yorkers re muchfriendlier thn Clifornins. She likes the wether much better there, however. Kren Porter, whoreplced Shn t the Arts &Culturl Council only few months go, is regretfully leving tht position for job t the University of Pugel Sound, in Tcom, WA. Kren will be teching in the Deprtment of Comprtive Sociology nd hs been specificlly sked to develop community dimension to the progrm. She sys she hs lerned gret del in her short time here nd pprecites the support she hs received from other folklorists In the stte. She intends to incorporte trditionl rts into her community work. Good luck, Kren. We will miss you. Roderick J. Roberts Folklorist Roderick J. Roberts, pst vicepresident of New York Folklore nd pst editor of New York Folklore, died on June 13, Born in Cmden, NJ on Jnury 22, 1932, Rod ttended school in Phildelphi. He served in the U.S. Air Force during the Koren Conflict. He then erned bchelor's degree in English from the University of Arizon nd Ph.D. in folklore from Indin University. He begn his creer s college professor t Michign Stte University in Est Lnsing. In 1967, Rod joined the fculty of the Cooperstown Grdute Progrmsnd tught in the Americn Folk Culture Progrm there until He then tught full-time in the English Deprtment t Stte University College, Oneont, until his retirement in Rod lso worked s folk rts consultnt for rts gencies throughout New York Stte nd s orl historin for the Ntionl Bsebll Hll of Fme nd Museum in Cooperstown. From 1969 to 1977, Rod edited the New York Folklore Qurterly nd New York Folklore. He served s vicepresident from 1977 to Blck Crow Network Spotlights ADK Women On October 23 nd 24, Blck Crow Network will sponsor "Celebrtion of Adirondck Women's Stories"inNorthville, Fulton County. Fridy night's buffet nd orgniztionl meeting will feture speker Kend Jmes, director of Adirondck Women nd History. On Sturdy, interctive workshops on shring Adirondck women's keepskes nd diries will tke plce, s well s storytelling with fetured rtists, informl music, redings nd book signings by Adirondck women uthors, nd vernculr rchitecture wlking tour. The Sturdy evening performnce, hosted by George nd Vughn Wrd nd Peggy Eyres, will include Sr Milonovich, 14- yer-old fiddle prodigy; Mrge Bruchc, Abenki historin; Ktherine Chrron Lbier, Chmplin Quebecois rconteur; nd Collecn Clevelnd, Adirondck blld- eer. Erly reservtions re recommended. For informtion send self-ddressed stmped envelope to Blck Crow Network, P.O. Box 158, Rexford, NY After August 3, cll: Trditionl Music nd Dnce t the Troy Music Hll The following music progrms will tke plce t the Troy Svings Bnk Music Hll this fll: September 20, 790 p.m., ODADAA!, Ghnin dnce nd drumming troop feturing mster rtist Ycub Addy. October 22, 7:00 p.m., Los Pleneros de l 21, New York City bsed Bomby Plen group. Both progrms re supported by the Ntionl Endowment forthe Arts. Cll RCCA the Arts Center t for more informtion. Cribben Arts Festivl The Ltin Americn Cribben Culturl Arts Festivl, sponsored by Centro Civico, will tke plce August 15 nd 16, t Guy Mnor Prk in Amsterdm. The Festivl fetures two dys of Ltino food, music, nd entertinment, including ctivities for children. On Sturdy, Triniddin bnd Steel SenstionsfromLong Islnd will hold children's workshop t 1:00 nd perform from 3:00 to 5:OO. Following them will be Alex Torres nd Los Reyes Ltinos, sls nd merengue bnd bsed in Amsterdm. Sundy, Giyssel Rmirez, from Hrtford, CT, will sing trditionl nd populr Puerto Ricn music. On both dys, Grciel Quiones, lso from Hrtford, will demonstrte instrument mking nd gourd crving. An exhibit on the histoly ofcockfighting in Puerto Rico, including documentry by Alex Torres, will be housed under tent. Dnce Prties in Schohrie County As prt of their dnce prty series the Schohrie County Arts Council is sponsoring the following events: June 20, Shron Springs, NY, Irene Heskes will spek bout Yiddish Americn music, followed byconcertby the Kleiner Klezmer Orchestr August 1, Jefferson, NY, Jim Kimbll will spek bout country dnce nd music in New York Stte, followcd by concert by Hilton Kelly nd His Sidekicks. For more informtion contct the Schohrie County Arts Council t

17 Underground RR Explored OnOctober 17, the Arts& Culturl Council for Greter Rochester will hold n exhibition, lecture, nd performnce event entitled, "Let Freedom Ring: Orl nd Woven Nrrtives of the Underground Rilrod." The event entils two lectures by Dr. Lrry Hudson, Associte Professor of History t the University of Rochester, on the Underground Rilrod, ech of which will be followed by lecture demonstrtion by community scholr nd rtist; demonstrtion of quilting, n rt form which embedded hidden messges nd directions for the Underground Rilrod during slvery times nd which to this dy, serves s centrl kind ofnrrtive in Africn Americn trdition tht preserves socil nd personl histories; nd non-going quilt exhibition. The event will tke plce t The Center t High Flls, Rochester's Urbn Culturl Prk Exhibit Center. For more informtion cll the Arts & Culturl Council t Grnge Hll Squre Dnces The TiogCounty Council on the Arts Folk Music Progrm will feture series of oldtime music nd squre dnce prties t grnge hlls in the county. Their schedule is s follows: September 12,8:00, North Brton Grnge Hll, The Crumtown Rmblers October 3, 8:00, Goodrich Settlement Grnge Hll, Bucky Moon October 3 1,8:00. Poor Shots Hll, The Ky Brothers November 14, 8:00, Spencer Grnge Hll, R.J. Siegers The Council will lso sponsor folk music progrm August 15 t the Art in the Air Festivl in Owego. Orl History Meeting The Orl History Assocition will hold its 1998 Annul Meeting on October 15-18, t the Hytt Regency Hotel in Bufflo, NY. Following the meeting's theme, "Crossing the Boundry, Crossing the Line Orl History on the Border," ppers will consider shifting borders in orl history, reltionships in interviewing, mrginlity, orl historynd received historicl wisdom, lesbin nd gy history, clss, ethnic, rcil, nd gender perspectives, interdisciplinry pproches, trnsntionl issues, nd ethicl nd legl boundries. To ttend the meeting contcttheorl History Assocition, Bylor University, P.O. Box 97234, Wco TX, 76798, tel New York Folklore Journl 1s seeking qulified individuls who re interested in reding folklore-relted books nd writing reviews. Books currently vilble re listed below. Address your request to: TheEditor, New York Folklore, P.O. Box 48, Lenox Hill Sttion, New York,NY Plese specify which book(s) you re interested in reviewing s well s yourre(s) of specil interest. Requests will be filled on first-come first-served bsis. Book reviews re due two months fter receipt of book. Richrd C. Adms,L.qenclsof the Delwre Indins nd Picture Writing (reprint ed., Syrcuse University Press, 1998). Simon J. Bronner, Following ndition: Folklore in the Discourse ofamericn Culture (Uth Stte University, 1998). Julie Cruikshnk, The Socil Life of Stories: Nrrtive nd Knowledge in the Yukon Territory (University of Nebrsk Press, 1998). P.K. Devine, comp., Devine's Folk Lore of Newfomdlnd in Old Words, Phrses, nd Expressions, Their Origin nd Mening (reprint ed., Memoril University of Newfoundlnd, 1997). Aln Dundes, From Gme to Wr nd Other Psychonlytic Essys on Folklore (University Press of Kentucky, 1997). Oyekn Owomoyel, Yorub Trickster Tles (University ofnebrsk Press, 1997). The Arts & Culturl Council for Greter Rochester seeks to fill the position of Stff Folklorist. The position is prt-time (3 to 4 dys per week) nd permnent. Responsibilities include: document trditionl in the Rochester region; design nd implement public nd eduction-bsed folk rts progrms; provide support services to folk rtists nd presenting orgniztions; prticipte in plnning nd implementtion of culturl development pln. Cndidtes should hve grdute degree in folklore, relted field, or commensurte experience. Strong verbl nd written communiction skills, s well s fieldwork nd documenttion skills re required. Position my be incresed to full-time. Slry: low 20s + benefits. The Council is n equl opportunity employer. Send cover letter, resume, nd list of three references to: Slly Gskill, Arts & Culturl Council for Greter Rochester, 335 Est Min Street, Suite200, Rochester, NY We t the New York Folklore Society give our hertfelt thnks to ll those who joined, renewed their memberships, nd mde dontions this yer. Your support is crucil to the work we do NEW MEMBERS (*Individuls re nmed on institutionl memberships): Louise Bement, Phyllis Berk, Hzel Blckmn, Ellen Bonn, Simon J. Bronner, Nichols K. Bums, Kml Cesr, Shron Celi Clrke, Kren Engelke (Mohwk Vlley Heritge Corridor Commission)*, Eniko Frks, Ev Gemmill, Robert Grssi, Ann F. Green, Hnn Griff, Bess Lomx Hwes, Gry Hertzberg, Mrion Jcobson, Hilton Kelly, Stephen Lewndowski, Lee- Ellen Mrvin, Mike McHle, Edwrd Nizlowski, Sndr H. Olsen (Cstellni Art Museum)*, Elizbeth Orton, Yvn Pompillus, Mrci Reven, Stephnie Ross, Robert Singer 1998 RENEWING MEMBERS: Jne C. Beck, Dn Berggren, Joseph Bruchc, Jn Hrold Brunvnd, MonBuckley, Ellen C. Butz, Helen L. Cckener, Kren Prk Cnning, Vrick A. Chittenden, Willim M. Clements, Les Clevelnd, KthleenCondon, Jmes Corsro, Jen Crndll, Cr De Silv, Judith Drbkin, John Eilertsen, Lynn Cse Ekfelt, Robert A. Emery, Elsie Freemn Finch, Ed Frnquemont, Sen Glvin, Robert Godfried, SylviGrider, Lee Hring, Allen & Mrjorie Hendrickson, Joyce A. Ice, Lou lsmy, Hermn J. Jffe, Sylvi Conzett Jung, Ethel Keshner, Brbr Kirshenbltt-Gimblett, Lis Kochik,Norm Koperski, Robert Krebs, Meliss Ldenheim, Jmes E. Lwrence, Lel Leslie, AlisonLurie, MrshMcDowell, Jeri Burns nd Brry Mrshll, Luci McCreery, Robert McDonld, Felici Fye McMhon, WillimK. McNeil, Phyllis S. McNeill, Is- Ke Meksin, Edwin H. Mizer, Scott Dougls Morrow, Brbr Mueller, Philip Nusbum, Vlerie Pwlewicz, Slly Pellegrini (New City Librry)*, Nncy M. Pitkowski, I. Sheldon Posen, Leonrd Normn Primino, Dvid P. Quinn, Stnley A. Rnsom, Gretchen Schsc, Suznne Smelson, Ctherine Schwoeffermnn, Anthony Seeger, Elenor Shodell, Deborh A. Silvermn, Susn Slyomovics, Nncy Solomon, Gretchen S. Sorin, Shlom Stub, Ellen J. Stekert, Phillips Stevens, Jr., Richrd Sweterlitsch, Kren Tussig-Lux, Ktrin Thoms, Agnes N. Underwood,

18 HISTORICAL RECORDS Continued from pge 2 inequities in the documentry record nd tht help ensure plce for under-documented constituencies in the Stte's documentry heritge." This includes folklore, nd folklore is mentioned explicitly in the pln s n re of importnce. Bsed on extensive reserch conducted by the Stte Archives nd Records Administrtion through surveys, focus groups in ethnic nd occuptionl communities, nd public meetings, the pln will guide the development offunding guidelines nd priorities t the stte level nd will influence federl funding in New York Stte s well. It is lso expected to stimulte progrm inititives t the stte nd locl levels. A brochure summrizing the pln is vilble from the New York Folklore Society; the brochure nd the complete pln itself re vilble free from the Stte Historicl Records Adv~sory Bord, Room 9C49 Culturl Eduction Center, Albny, NY ( ) FINCH Continued from pges secondry school techers, nd the only upstte New York school tht I knew bout where kid without money couldget n rts degree) nd n MA from Boston University in Americn literture nd eduction. Like mny of my cohort t SUNY-AIbny, I swore I would never tech, but not only did I come to tech students from middle school through dult eduction, I lso endedmy full-time creer creting nd mnging n innovtive progrm for those lerners t the Ntionl Archives. My job there ws to mke rchives ccessible t mny levels, in mny formts, to mny people, nd to persude my collegues in the profession tht it ws theirjob s well. Over time, I succeeded. Mking folklore eqully vilble is my self-ppointedjob withnyfs. Join us. We re strong, flourishing orgniztion, nd we need you, your stories, yourworldview, your energy. And by the wy, you'll love it. throughout the stte tht bring people together to discuss issues relted to folklore nd folk rts. Under the uspices of the New York Folklore Society, n individul or orgniztionl co-sponsor hosts nd helps pln ech forum. Often, the orgnizers invite the prticiption of individuls from relted fields or professions outside folk rts to cncourge lively discussion nd the cross-fertiliztion of ides. NYFS relieson locl co-sponsors to help pln our forums. If you hve n ide for forum plese contct our office t Wtch this newsletter for nnouncements of upcoming forum meetings. FARKAS Continued from pge 5 New York Folklore Society. Since then, NYFS nd Eniko hve been engged in mutully beneficil reltionship, withstff offer~ng suggestions nd encourgement on her documenttion projects nd Eniko, in turn, dvising NYFS on its vrious community outrech projects. Through the society's Mentoring Progrm, she hs received trining on interviewmg skills from folklorist Yvonne Lockwood nd ws wrded her own mentoring grnt to tech members of the Hungrin Club of Rochester how to collect 56er stories in their community. Another recent project of Eniko's is the publiction of her cookbook, Hungrin Cuisine nd Personl Memories: Everytlzing from Budget Cooking to Elegnt Dining, collection of succulent recipes lerned from her mother, interwoven with recollections of dily life from her youth. [See pge 14 of Voices.] In future project she plns to interview nd document the lives of other cmbroiderers in Centrl New York Stte who immigrted to the United Sltes from nother country. She is lso involved in plnn~ng n exhibition bout Hungrins in Rochester. This fll she will mke presenttion t the Americn Folklore Society meeting in Portlnd, OR. Reflectingon the work she hs done over the yers, Eniko comments, "Onc thing tht I think would be extremely useful-tht people who re professionls in their fields would hve relly ccepting nd encourging ttitude to us-people tht they run cross by ccident. Becuse I think community scholrs hve very ~mportnt plcenot the only plce. You know it's like the wy Michel Kmmen,my history professor from Cornell used to sy, tht history is like compiltion ofpoints ofview. There is not one correct point of view, nd not only one point of view bout history. It's lwys the summtion of vrious situtions. Community scholrs hve one voice, other people hve voice too." MEMBERS AND DONORS Continued from pge 17 Kthleen Urbnic, Willim M. Vergo (Wyoming Centrl School)*, Elenor Wchs, Susn S. Wdley, Mrc S. Wggener, Wrren S. &BrbrK. Wlker, Dniel Frnklin Wrd, Ptrici Wells, Sherre Wesley, Phil Whitney, Ristiin Wigg, Slly Yerkovich 1998 DONORS: Helen L. Cckenel; Jen Crndll, Elsie Freemn Finch, Ethel Keshner, Alison Lurie, Mike McHle, Gretchen Schse, Pete Seeger, Phillips Stevens, Jr., Mrc S. Wggener ORGANIZATIONS: Albny Institute ofhistory nd Art, Artsnd Culturl Council of Greter Rochester, City Lore, Genev Historicl Society, Hnford Mills Museum, New York Historicl Society, New York Stte Historicl Assocition, Phildelphi Folklore Project FORUMS Continued from pges brought to ber on locl progrms, nd to consider possibilities for collbortion mong folklorists, folk rts progrms nd other disciplines. Ifyou were not ble to ttend one ofthe June forums held on this topic, plese try to come to this one. Folk Arts Forum is series of informl but stimulting meetings held in loctions I Hungrin embroidery pttern, drwing by Eniko Frks

19 MENTORING AND GUIDELINES New York Folklore Society invites reders f to pply to our Mentoring nd Professionl Development Progrm. A prtnership with : the Folk Arts Progrm of the New York... eeeoeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeee : Become member of NYFS or : renew V Mke specil dontion i V Order NYFS publictions V Stte Council on the Arts hs enbled US to Notify US of your ne W ddress : expnd our technicl ssistnce progrm, f funded by the Ntionl Endowment for the Arts. People involved in folklife nd trditionl rts progrmming need to keep cur- : Membership-Benefits include thejournl New York Folklore plus discounts : rent with developments in the field. Our on NYFS publictions nd ctivities. intent is to enble professionl stff or folk : rtists to gin knowledge nd develop or Membership Ctegory U.S. Foreign. improve skills tht will help them become more successful in their work. Bsic Cl $35 Cl $40 Smll grnts re now vilble for 0 Student (full time)lsenior (65 or older) D $20 Cl $25 vxietyofshofl-nd l~ng-telm~~n~~ltn~ies. : Joint (two or more shre membership) $50 0 $50 0 Individuls or orgniztions my pply in Supporting D $60 U $60 ny of the following ctegories: Short-term consultncies. The most :. Sustining 0 $100 0 $100 often used component, providing technicl Institutionl D $50 Cl $55 ssistncewithinthenormlpplictioncycle to individuls nd orgniztions engged in f Enclosed :. or plnning folk rts progrmming ($2501 Membership dues for U New h~ewl $- dy plus trvel; generlly will not exceed Additionl dontion $- three dys or $1,000, including consulting nd trvel). Publictions Quick-respOnse These :. Islnd Sounds in the Globl City: Cribben Populr Music specilshort-termconsultnciesredesigned [dentity in N~~ york to respond to immedite needs fortechnicl Cl $15lmembers Cl $17.95/non-members $ : ssistnce tht ppli- : Working with Folk Mterils in New York Stte: A Mnul for ction cycle($250/dy plus trvel; generlly ~ ~ l knd l ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ h ~ i ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ will not exceed two dys or $700, including D $25lmembers Cl $35/non-members,plus $4 shipping consulting nd trvel). I Wlked the Rod Agin: Gret Stories from the Ctskills $14 : $ Ongoing lln- Folk Arts Progrmming in New York Stte: A Hndbook nd der specil circumstnces requiringmultiple Resource Guide $10 $ : consultnt visits over time, designed to pro- ~ h ~, ~ ~~k~ ~ ~ ~~~~i~~ ~ i the k score : ~ $9 i ~ $ ~ vide continuing technicl ssistnce for on- N~,,, york ~ ~ leurrerly k l ( ) ~ ~ ~ 58 issues going processes nd projects ($250/dy plus : Cl $I l Olmembers Cl $125/non-members $- :. trvel; generlly will not exceed fivedys or N,, york ~ ~ l(,975-96) k l 30 ~ issues ~ ~ $1,500, including consulting nd trvel). Cl $85/members Cl $95/non-members $- : FOI~ rtist mentoring. Opportunities : NyFQ nd NYF ( ) 88 issues for mster folk rtists to tech or dvise D $150lmembers Cl$175/non-members $- : other folk rtists in their trditions through f lessons, Add Shipping $4.00 for first order; 756 for ech dditionl order $ : shops ($30lhour plus trvel; generlly will not exceed 16 hours or $600, including f Totl mount enclosed teching nd trvel). $- (check pyble to New York Folklore Society) Professionl development exchnges. Trvel within the stte or region to ttend : Address Chnge? D Yes D No conferences nd meetings, observe exem- plry progrms, nd interct with collegues Nme/Tit1e (trvel nd/or registrtion expenses only; : generlly will not exceed $200; one pplic- Orgniztion Phone 0 0 tion per yer). For further informtion or to receive n : ppliction, contct John Suter or Deborh Clover t NYFS, P.O. Box 130, Newfield. : Ci@lSttelZip NY 14867, tel , emil: <jsuter@nyfolklore.org> e... Return to: New York Folklore Society, PO Box 130, Newfield, NY (607) : eeeeeeeeeeoooe 19

20 Inside V Voices feturing Long Islnd Bymen; Escping Hungry in 1956; Mrk Hmilton,Jiddler nd cller; Hungrin Goulsh \ Register Now! 1998 Fll Conference, Sept LLLiving, Working & Plying on the Wters of Long I ~lnd~~ V Eniko Frks: Community Scholr Voices Workshops V Steve Zeitlin reflects on Beckett nd fmily folklore J Tom Lester, Long Islnd Bymn. Photogrph by John Eilertsen The New) York Folklore Society 's progrms re mde possible in prt with public fiinds from the New York Stte Council on the Arts, stte gency. The Annul Fll Conference nd the Mentoring Progrm re supported in prt by grnt from the 1 ENDOWMENT Ntionl Endowment for the Arts. The Folk Archives Project is mde possible by grnts from the New York Stte Documentry Heritge Progrm nd the Ntionl Historicl Publictions nd Records Commission. Stbiliztion support hs been l~rovided by grunt ji-om The Fund for Folk Culture, in coopertion with the Folk & Trditionl Arts Progrm of the Ntionl Endowment for the Arts. All NYFS ctivlties crre mde possible in prt by the generosity of our members nd contributors. Moving? Plese let us know it you chnge your ddre~s or wish to he tken off our miling list. Tht wy you 'I1 get the milings on time, nd you'll sve us money - we py for ech returnedpiece of mil. Plese use the form inside. Thnk you very much! New York Folklore Society P.O. Box 130 Newfield, NY Address Correction Requested NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION U.S. POSTAGE Ithc, NY Permit No. 40