Analogies (HOW WORDS ARE RELATED)

Transcription

1 PUBLISHERS BH21790 TM Language Skills IT S ON THE TEST! Grades 4 5 Analogies & Multiple Meanings SUPER VALUE BLACKLINE WORKBOOK Analogies (HOW WORDS ARE RELATED) Sandwich is to bread as book is to cover. Cherry is to tree as grape is to vine. Multiple Meanings (MORE THAN ONE MEANING) bank 1. a piled-up mass; mound 2. a place of financial business 3. a row of similar or matched things 4. the slope of land along a body of water Downloadable Bryan House Publishers Product Single-Classroom User License

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3 Analogies Name Source or Antecedent Calf is to cow as cub is to. O baby O bear O animal O child Part 1 Read each analogy. Fill in the bubble of the word that correctly completes the statement. 1. Toast is to bread as coffee is to. O beverage O breakfast O beans O cream 2. Caterpillar is to cocoon as cocoon is to. O leaf O larva O worm O butterfly 3. Cherry is to tree as grape is to. O bunch O seed O vine O fruit 4. Rain is to cloud as ashes are to. O black O smoke O soot O fire 5. Honey is to bees as nectar is to. O hive O fruit O sugar O flowers 6. Mother is to daughter as aunt is to. O niece O sister O uncle O grandmother Part 2 Write an analogy that compares by source or antecedent. Then explain your analogy on the lines below. is to as is to. Use It! Study the following statement: Pearl is to oyster as diamond is to coal. Explain the common relationship between the word pairs. You may have to do some research. 24 BH It s On the Test! Analogies & Multiple Meanings Name Multiple Meanings: APPLY SKILLS Part 1 Read each sentence. Write the meaning of the underlined word as it is used in the sentence. 1. Even though the task is difficult, we must forge ahead. 2. The sprouts are too tender to pick from the garden. 3. Meghan made a sound decision. 4. Tomás had to stall for more time. 5. My dog, Nicky, lost his ball in the brush. 6. The drove of cattle made its way down the trail. Part 2 Read the given meaning for each bold word. Use the word in a sentence with that meaning. 1. fold: a pen for livestock, like sheep 2. firm: a business Use It! A flounder is a type of fish. What is another meaning of flounder? Write a sentence that uses flounder with that meaning. BH It s On the Test! Analogies & Multiple Meanings 53 IT S ON THE TEST! Analogies & Multiple Meanings Author & Editor: Suzanne Kamala Mammen Production: Andrea Harris The Bryan House It s On the Test! series for language skills targets the critical skills not test-taking that are addressed on standardized tests. The activities are specially designed to provide practice that is fun, user-friendly, and appealing to students. Each 64-page book in this Bryan House Super Value series contains quality activities, in a wide variety of formats. A creative, thought-provoking Use It! extension appears at the bottom of each activity (except tests). These books are a great value for teachers and parents. They can be used as consumable workbooks or reproduced for the classroom. Analogies & Multiple Meanings activities provide opportunities to learn, reinforce, and apply each basic language skill. Analogies & Multiple Meanings includes the following special features: pretests to assess student ability practice in determining the relationship between things or ideas in an analogy (i.e., class inclusion, whole to part, part to whole, attribute or characteristic, synonym, non-attribute or contrast, antonym, degree or intensity, cause or purpose or use, place or time/sequence, agent or doer, symbol or representation, recipient, and source or antecedent); identifying and providing the proper missing part of an analogy; and creating and explaining an analogy that compares by a specified relationship practice in determining and providing the proper meaning for a multiple-meaning word; determining the proper use of a multiple-meaning word in a sentence for a given meaning; identifying and providing the proper multiple-meaning word for given meanings; and writing a sentence that uses a multiple-meaning word with a given meaning evaluation activities to monitor student progress application activities in which students utilize the basic language skills in writing exercises comprehension activities that require deeper thought and skill application review activities that can serve as extra practice, tools for monitoring student progress, or overviews before final assessment tests to assess student mastery challenger activities that stretch thinking skills The statement compares by antecedent, meaning one that comes before another. A statement can also compare by source. BH21790 ISBN: Copyright infringement is a violation of Federal Law by ECS Learning Systems, Inc., Bulverde, Texas. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this publication is limited to the terms of the Single-Classroom User Agreement. No part of this publication may be translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any way or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without prior written permission from ECS Learning Systems, Inc. Reproduction of any part of this publication for additional classrooms (or homes), an entire school, or a school system; by for-profit institutions and tutoring centers; or for commercial sale is strictly prohibited. Printed in the United States of America Publisher Information For a complete catalog, contact ECS Learning Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 440 Bulverde, TX Web site: ecslearningsystems.com For more digital resources, visit: ebooks.ecslearningsystems.com

4 Name Analogies: PRETEST An analogy is a comparison of two or more similar things or ideas. There are many ways to compare how things or ideas are related, such as by size, shape, color, use, parts, place, and more. When you first read an analogy, the words in the analogy may not seem to have anything in common. But the words are always logically related. Both pairs of words in an analogy have the same kind of relationship. To complete an analogy, you must first determine the relationship. Example: Calm is to unruly as merry is to. Question: What is the relationship between calm and unruly? Answer: They are antonyms words that have opposite meanings. Conclusion: The missing word is an antonym of merry. Read each analogy. Think about what is being compared. Then, fill in the blank with the word from the box that correctly completes the statement. 1. Painting is to wall as rug is to. 2. Celebrate is to rejoice as flourish is to. 3. Inventor is to gadget as playwright is to. 4. Australia is to continent as Atlantic is to. 5. Goat is to kid as deer is to. 6. Opponent is to partner as professional is to. 7. Planetarium is to stars as aquarium is to. 8. Porch is to railing as backyard is to. ocean carpet fish fawn grass fence country grow theater floor forest script amateur decay work Use It! Write an analogy that compares a windmill and a light bulb by power source. BH21790 It s On the Test! Analogies & Multiple Meanings 1

5 Name Analogies Class Inclusion Asparagus is to vegetable as lily is to. O green O nature O fruit O flower The statement compares by class. Part 1 Read each analogy. Fill in the bubble of the word that correctly completes the statement. 1. Occupation is to astronaut as transportation is to. O highway O travel O train O space 2. Washing machine is to appliance as drill is to. O hole O garage O build O tool 3. Beverage is to milk as seasoning is to. O bread O garlic O food O cooking 4. Click is to noise as rough is to. O texture O sound O smooth O coarse 5. Saguaro is to cactus as grassland is to. O desert O flat O grass O region 6. Trout is to fish as eagle is to. O egg O hawk O animal O bird Part 2 Write an analogy that compares by class. Then explain your analogy on the lines below. is to as is to. Use It! Make 2 lists: types of bodies of water and types of habitats. 2 BH21790 It s On the Test! Analogies & Multiple Meanings

6 Name Analogies Class Inclusion Read each analogy. Circle the word that correctly completes the statement. 1. Pumpkin is to gourd as almond is to ( vegetable / nut / brown ). 2. Drum is to percussion as banjo is to ( instrument / guitar / string ). 3. Pluto is to planet as hail is to ( ice / precipitation / storm ). 4. Redwood is to tree as ruby is to ( gem / rose / red ). 5. Detergent is to product as car wash is to ( vehicle / service / gas station ). 6. Volleyball is to sport as stamp collecting is to ( album / stamps / hobby ). 7. Leonardo da Vinci is to inventor as Marco Polo is to ( ship / explorer / scientist ). 8. Clock face is to circle as globe is to ( sphere / map / spin ). 9. Ape is to primate as opossum is to ( animal / marsupial / tail ). 10. Pine is to wood as aluminum is to ( metal / shiny / stiff ). Use It! What do all of these things have in common: cumulus, cirrus, stratus, and nimbus? BH21790 It s On the Test! Analogies & Multiple Meanings 3