What Clauses. Compare the following sentences. We gave them some home-made ice cream. What we gave them was some home-made ice cream.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "What Clauses. Compare the following sentences. We gave them some home-made ice cream. What we gave them was some home-made ice cream."

Transcription

1 What Clauses What clauses is a part of a noun clause. It is used as a subject or an object of the sentence. For example: What he said was interesting. What he said is a noun clause. It is used as the subject of the sentence. The noun clause has its own subject (he) and verb (said) I listened to what he said. What he said is a noun clause. It is used as the object of the preposition to. A: What did she say? B: What she said surprised me. What she said is the subject of the sentence. A: What should they do? B: What they should do is obvious. A noun clause subject takes a singular verb. (e.g. is) Compare the following sentences. We gave them some home-made ice cream. What we gave them was some home-made ice cream. If we want to focus particular attention on certain information in a sentence, we sometimes a what- clause followed by be. The information we want to focus attention on is outside the whatclause. We often use this if we want to introduce a new topic, to 1

2 give a reason, instruction, explanation, or to correct something that has been said or done. In the following examples, the information in focus is underlined. What I d like you to work on is exercise 2 on page 80. Tim arrived two hours late; What had happened was that his bicycle chain had broken. We can often put the what-clause either at the beginning or the end of the sentence: What upset me most was his rudeness. or His rudeness was what upset me most. To emphasize an action performed by someone, we use a sentence with what...do... Dave lost his job and was short of money, so what he did was (to) sell his flat and move in with his brother. A: When the bookcase arrived, two shelves were broken. B: Did you send it back? A: No, what we did was (to) send them a letter of complaint The pattern in this kind of sentence is What + subject + do + be + to-infinitive clause. 2

3 Exercise 1 Rewrite the ideas, beginning with What 1. The police interviewed all the witnesses to the accident first. What the police did first was interview all the witnesses to the accident. 2. You should invest all your money in telecoms companies. 3. She writes all her novels on a typewriter. 4. Their car broke down on the motorway so they didn't get to Jo's wedding on time. 5. She works in a coffee shop on the 5th floor. 6. She draws caricatures on Saturdays to earn extra money. Exercise 2 Think about 5 things you love doing on the weekend. Write 5 true sentences with the structure What...is.... Example: What I like doing on the weekend is read novels

4 Gerunds and Infinitives 1. A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Examples: a. Reading helps you learn English. subject of sentence b. I'm excited aboutreadingnovel.object of preposition c. I enjoy reading. object of sentence Verbs Followed by Gerunds Admit Advise Anticipate Appreciate Avoid Complete Consider Delay Deny Discuss Dislike Enjoy Finish He admitted cheating on the test The doctor generally advised drinking low-fat milk. I anticipated arriving late. I appreciate hearing from them He avoided talking to her He completed renovating the house. I will consider going with you He delayed leaving for school She denied committing the crime They discussed opening a new business She dislikes working after 5 PM. We enjoy hiking She finished studying about ten 4

5 Forget Can t help Keep Mention Mind Miss Postpone Practice Quit recall Recollect Recommend Regret Remember resent resist risk Stop suggest tolerate try understand I ll never forget visiting Napoleon s tomb. I can t help worrying about it I keep hoping he will come She mentioned going to a movie Would you mind helping me with this? I miss being with my family Let s postpone leaving until tomorrow She practiced singing the song. She quit worrying about the problem. Tom recalled using his credit card at the store. She recollected living in Kenya. Tony recommended taking the train. She regretted saying that. I remember telling her the address yesterday. Nick resented Debbie's being there. He resisted asking for help. He risked being caught. She stopped working at 5 o'clock. They suggested staying at the hotel. She won t tolerate cheating during an examination Sam tried opening the lock with a paperclip. I don t understand his leaving school 5

6 6

7 Reference list of verbs followed by gerund 7

8 2. Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Examples: To learn is important. subject of sentence The most important thing is to learn. complement of sentence He wants to learn. object of sentence Verbs Followed by Infinitives Afford Agree Appear Arrange Ask Beg Care Claim Consent Decide Demand Deserve Expect Fail I can t afford to buy it. Tom agreed to help me. His health appeared to be better. Naomi arranged to stay with her cousin in Miami. He asked to come with us He begged to come with us. He doesn't care to participate in the activity. She claimed to be a princess. She finally consented to marry him. I have decided to leave on Monday. He demanded to speak to Mr. Harris. He deserves to go to jail. They expect to arrive early. He failed to get enough money to pay for the new project. 8

9 Forget Hesitate Hope Learn Manage Mean Need offer plan prepare pretend promise Refuse Regret remember Seem Struggle Swear threaten voulunteer Wait Want Wish I forgot to mail the letter. Don t hesitate to ask for my help. Jane hopes to arrive next week. He learned to play the piano. He managed to open the door without the key. I didn t mean to hurt your feeling. I need to have your opinion They offered to help us. I am planning to have a party. They prepared to take the test. The child pretended to be a monster. She promised to stop smoking. The guard refused to let them enter the building. I regret to inform you that your application was rejected. Did you remember to lock the door when you left? Nancy seemed to be disappointed. I struggled to stay awake. She swore to tell the truth. She threatened to tell my parents. He volunteered to help us. She waited to buy a movie ticket. I want to tell you something. She wishes to come with us. 9

10 Reference list of verbs followed by infinitives 10

11 Common verbs followed by either infinitives or gerund 11

12 Note: Remember + gerund This is when you remember something that has happened in the past. You have a memory of it, like being able to see a movie of it in your head. I remember going to the beach when I was a child. (= I have a memory of going to the beach). He remembers closing the door. (= He has a memory of closing the door). Remember + to + infinitive This is when you think of something that you need to do. (And usually, you then do the thing). I remembered to buy milk. (= I was walking home and the idea that I needed milk came into my head, so I bought some). She remembered to send a card to her grandmother. Forget + gerund This is the opposite of remember + gerund. It's when you forget about a memory, something that you've done in the past. Have we really studied this topic before? I forget reading about it. I told my brother that we'd spent Christmas at Granny's house in 1985, but he'd forgotten going there. Forget + to + infinitive This is the opposite of remember + to + infinitive. It's when you want to do something, but you forget about it. 12

13 I forgot to call my mother. (= I wanted to call my mother, but when it was a good time to call her, I forgot. I was thinking about something else, and the idea to call my mother didn't come into my head). Try + gerund This is when you do something as an experiment. The thing you do is not difficult, but you want to see if doing it will have the result that you want. I wanted to stop smoking, so I tried using nicotine patches. (= Using nicotine patches was easy, but I wanted to know if it would help me stop smoking). She tried giving up chocolate, but it didn't help her lose weight. (It was easy for her to give up chocolate. She gave it up to see if it would help her lose weight, but it didn't). Try + to + infinitive This is when the thing you do itself is difficult and you don't succeed in doing it. I tried to lift the suitcase, but it was too heavy. She tried to catch the bus, but she couldn't run fast enough. Look at the difference: It was too hot in the room. I tried opening the window (it was easy to open the window). It didn't help though, because it was very hot outside too. I tried to open the window, but I couldn't because it was stuck. 13

14 Stop + gerund When we stop doing something it means the verb in the gerund is the thing that we stop. It can mean 'stop forever' or 'stop at that moment'. I stopped working when I was expecting a baby. (Working is the thing I stopped). Stop + to + infinitive In this case, we stop something else in order to do the verb in the infinitive. I stopped to eat lunch. (I stopped something else, maybe working or studying, because I wanted to eat lunch. Regret + gerund This is when you are sorry about something you did in the past and you wish you hadn't done it. I regret going to bed so late. I'm really tired today. She regrets leaving school when she was sixteen. She wishes that she had studied more and then gone to university. Regret + to + infinitive We use this construction when we are giving someone bad news, in quite a formal way. The verb is almost always something like 'say' or 'tell' or 'inform'. I regret to tell you that the train has been delayed. The company regrets to inform employees that the London office will close next year 14

15 Use gerund/infinitive in the following. 1. Alan can t stand on trains. (riding/ to ride) 2. Mr. Harris enjoys people out to dinner. (inviting / to invite) 3. In the old days, gentlemen challenged their rivals. (fighting / to fight) 4. Jim stopped his shoelace. Wait for him. (tying / to tie) 5. My wife always volunteers cakes PTA meetings. (baking / to bake) 6. Don t waste my time about your salary. (complaining/ to complain) 7. Eva is having trouble on the exam. (concentrating / to concentrate) 8. Please allow me your Facebook page. (joining / to join) 9. You won t forget milk on your way home, will you? (picking up /to pick up) 10. She pretended (be) a student in order to get a student discount. 11. She waited to (see) what would happen next. 12. The child denied (steal) the piece of candy. 13. We fully intend (pay) you for all the work you have done for us. 14. You seem (be) a little distracted. Is everything alright? 15. Laura and Ed discussed (move) to the city to find work; however, in the end, they decided against relocating. 16. She refused (admit)that she had made a mistake. 17. After his accident last year, he would never consider (buy) another motorcycle. 15

16 18. Margaret just happened (find) the lost car keys while she was looking for something else. 19. He never admitted (have) the wild party while his parents were out of town. 20. The doctor ordered Mr Gray (smoke, not) Glossary Clause (n) Gerund (n) Infinitive (n) A part of sentence that has its own subject and verb An English noun form from a verb by adding -ing. The basic form of a verb References Azar, B.S Understanding and using English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16

17 17

18 18

GERUND & INFINITIVE. Compiled by: Catharina Awang Wara Kinanthi S.Pd.

GERUND & INFINITIVE. Compiled by: Catharina Awang Wara Kinanthi S.Pd. GERUND & INFINITIVE Compiled by: Catharina Awang Wara Kinanthi S.Pd. A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You can use a gerund as the subject,

More information

LIKE, LOVE, HATE +ING

LIKE, LOVE, HATE +ING LIKE, LOVE, HATE +ING Ex.1. Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets: 1. I like (go) out with friends. 2. She doesn t like (play) any sport. 3. He hates (cook). 4. She loves (swim). 5. I like (dance).

More information

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES 1.GERUNDS As a subject. Swimming is a good sport. As an object after certain verbs. Have you finished working? After prepositions and phrasal verbs. Before leaving home, she checked

More information

VERB PATTERNS. Verb + Ving (avoid speaking) Verb + to inf (learn to speak) Verb + inf (I would rather speak)

VERB PATTERNS. Verb + Ving (avoid speaking) Verb + to inf (learn to speak) Verb + inf (I would rather speak) VERB PATTERNS Verb + Ving (avoid speaking) Verb + to inf (learn to speak) Verb + inf (I would rather speak) GERUND, present participle or ing form Use Ving: As the subject of a sentence Smoking is bad

More information

- Verbs followed by -ing, or a noun, or a that-clause Some verbs can be followed either by another verb in an -ing form, or a noun, or a thatclause.

- Verbs followed by -ing, or a noun, or a that-clause Some verbs can be followed either by another verb in an -ing form, or a noun, or a thatclause. Verbs followed by ing or infinitive Adapted from First Certificate Language Practice by Michael Vince Explanations Verbs followed by -ing or a noun Some verbs can be followed either by another verb in

More information

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. original English, defines grammar as the following: Grammar is the rules that

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. original English, defines grammar as the following: Grammar is the rules that 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Gerund Michael Swan (2005:19), a linguist who is more likely to pay attention to the original English, defines grammar as the following: Grammar is the

More information

Lesson 12: Infinitive or -ING Game Show (Part 1) Round 1: Verbs about feelings, desires, and plans

Lesson 12: Infinitive or -ING Game Show (Part 1) Round 1: Verbs about feelings, desires, and plans Lesson 12: Infinitive or -ING Game Show (Part 1) When you construct a sentence, it can get confusing when there is more than one verb. What form does the second verb take? Today's and tomorrow's lessons

More information

4-1. Gerunds and Infinitives

4-1. Gerunds and Infinitives 4-1. Gerunds and Infinitives 1. Which of these is a gerund? to play playing 2. Which of these is an infinitive? to play playing 3. How do you make a gerund? 4. How do you make an infinitive? a. Sports

More information

9 Guests are allowed to wear casual dress. 11 There's a possibility that the show will be cancelled think that Andrew will collect the money.

9 Guests are allowed to wear casual dress. 11 There's a possibility that the show will be cancelled think that Andrew will collect the money. Modals 8 Is it all right if I use your phone? 9 Guests are allowed to wear casual dress. 10 Maybe she'll move to London. 11 There's a possibility that the show will be cancelled. 12 Maybe she'll be elected.

More information

Quiz 4 Practice. I. Writing Narrative Essay. Write a few sentences to accurately answer these questions.

Quiz 4 Practice. I. Writing Narrative Essay. Write a few sentences to accurately answer these questions. Writing 6 Name: Quiz 4 Practice I. Writing Narrative Essay. Write a few sentences to accurately answer these questions. 1. What is the goal of a narrative essay? 2. What makes a good topic? (What helps

More information

MODAL VERBS ABILITY. We can t meet them tomorrow. Can you hear that noise?

MODAL VERBS ABILITY. We can t meet them tomorrow. Can you hear that noise? MODAL VERBS The modal verbs are: can, could, may, might, must, ought to, will, would, shall, should, have to, need. They take no s in the 3 rd person singular except for have to and need. They come before

More information

INFINITIVES, GERUNDS & PRESENT PARTICIPLES

INFINITIVES, GERUNDS & PRESENT PARTICIPLES INFINITIVES, GERUNDS & PRESENT PARTICIPLES Infinitives Form Infinitive Active to see I hope to see you again. He promised not to see the picture. Passive to be seen Such disgusting scenes are not to be

More information

Introduction to tense shifting. LEVEL NUMBER LANGUAGE Advanced C1_2021G_EN English

Introduction to tense shifting. LEVEL NUMBER LANGUAGE Advanced C1_2021G_EN English Introduction to tense shifting GRAMMAR LEVEL NUMBER LANGUAGE Advanced C1_2021G_EN English Goals Learn about tense shifting, using reported speech as an example. Practise tense shifting in various situations.

More information

Level 1 Lesson 8 EDIFY CAMBODIA. EDIFY CAMBODIA LEVEL 1 LESSON 8 Page 1

Level 1 Lesson 8 EDIFY CAMBODIA. EDIFY CAMBODIA LEVEL 1 LESSON 8 Page 1 Level 1 Lesson 8 EDIFY CAMBODIA EDIFY CAMBODIA LEVEL 1 LESSON 8 Page 1 LEVEL 1: LESSON 8 8.1 Gerunds and Infinitives 1) A gerund is a verb in its -ing form, used as a noun. For example, verbs like eating,

More information

ENGLISH MODULE CONDITIONAL AND MIXED CONDITIONAL

ENGLISH MODULE CONDITIONAL AND MIXED CONDITIONAL ENGLISH MODULE CONDITIONAL AND MIXED CONDITIONAL Grade X Semester 2 Academic Year 2016-2017 Learning Objectives: Students are able to identify some types of conditionals Students are able to make conditional

More information

Reported speech exercises

Reported speech exercises Reported speech exercises 1 http://english.alejandro-ace-translator.co.cc 1) Choose the best verb underlined in the direct speech sentence. a) Helen asked me if I liked visiting old buildings. Do you like/did

More information

GRAMMAR APPENDIX GRAMMAR APPENDIX GRAMMAR APPENDIX

GRAMMAR APPENDIX GRAMMAR APPENDIX GRAMMAR APPENDIX Grammar Appendix Present Simple and Continuous PRESENT SIMPLE bare infinitive (-s / -es) (-) do / does + not + bare infinitive (?) Do / Does + subject + bare infinitive PRESENT CONTINUOUS am / is / are

More information

GERUNDS INFINITIVES GRADE X. Compiled by : Aquilina Yunita, S.Pd

GERUNDS INFINITIVES GRADE X. Compiled by : Aquilina Yunita, S.Pd GERUNDS INFINITIVES GRADE X Compiled by : Aquilina Yunita, S.Pd 1 gerund Gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You can use a gerund as the

More information

S. 2 English Revision Exercises. Unit 1 Basic English Sentence Patterns

S. 2 English Revision Exercises. Unit 1 Basic English Sentence Patterns S. 2 English Revision Exercises Unit 1 Basic English Sentence Patterns A. When we make simple English sentences, we usually follow the Subject-Verb-Object patterns. Steps: 1. Put the subject and the adjectives

More information

3 rd CSE Unit 1. mustn t and have to. should and must. 1 Write sentences about the signs. 1. You mustn t smoke

3 rd CSE Unit 1. mustn t and have to. should and must. 1 Write sentences about the signs. 1. You mustn t smoke 3 rd CSE Unit 1 mustn t and have to 1 Write sentences about the signs. 1 2 3 4 5 You mustn t smoke. 1 _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _ should and must 2 Complete the sentences with should(n t) or must(n t). I must get

More information

Curtis & Kevin. before gerunds

Curtis & Kevin. before gerunds Grammar Sauce 2: Gerunds Curtis & Kevin before gerunds Grammar Sauce 2: What to expect... A basic explanation of gerunds Tips for teaching grammar through action Tips for setting up class activities for

More information

Conjunctions ******* There are several types of conjunctions in English grammar. They are:

Conjunctions ******* There are several types of conjunctions in English grammar. They are: Conjunctions ******* A conjunction joins words or groups of words in a sentence. There are several types of conjunctions in English grammar. They are: Coordinating Conjunctions Connects words, phrases,

More information

They do not appreciate my singing. (The gerund is singing.) They do not appreciate my assistance. (The gerund has been removed)

They do not appreciate my singing. (The gerund is singing.) They do not appreciate my assistance. (The gerund has been removed) Welcome to the Purdue OWL This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom. Contributors:Purdue

More information

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct and Indirect Speech Direct and Indirect Speech There are two main ways of reporting people s words, thoughts, beliefs etc. Direct speech We can give the exact words that were said. This kind of reporting is called direct

More information

DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH

DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH 1. INTRODUCTION: You can answer the question "What did he/she say?" in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported

More information

I Tom. L the film starts does the film start? In past simple questions, we use did: L you. I you live do you Live?

I Tom. L the film starts does the film start? In past simple questions, we use did: L you. I you live do you Live? In questions we usually put the subject after the first verb: subject + verb verb + subject I Tom you the house will have was will have was Tom you the house 0 Will Tom be here tomorrow C Have you been

More information

- ENGLISH TEST - PRE-INTERMEDIATE 100 QUESTIONS / KEYS

- ENGLISH TEST - PRE-INTERMEDIATE 100 QUESTIONS / KEYS Exercise 1: Tick (P) the suitable answer. 1. What's your job? A R your B yours C you 2. The traffic is worse than it was many years ago. A badder B more bad C R worse 3. I've just washed the floor. It's

More information

English language. Mgr. Yulia Gaponenková

English language. Mgr. Yulia Gaponenková English language A1 Mgr. Yulia Gaponenková Contact me Name: Julia Gaponenkova Degree: Mgr. Email: j-gap@seznam.cz To pass the exam FINAL TEST> min. 51% 10 classes > max. 2 absences 9 small tests > min.

More information

Gerunds: Subject and Object Prof Marcelo Pereira de Leão

Gerunds: Subject and Object Prof Marcelo Pereira de Leão Gerunds: Subject and Object Prof Marcelo Pereira de Leão Running for Office 1 Voting is an important responsibility. Let s discuss improving our schools. I will keep fighting for a new hospital. Running

More information

The indefinite articles 1. We use the article a / an when we are talking about something for the first time or not specific things.

The indefinite articles 1. We use the article a / an when we are talking about something for the first time or not specific things. The indefinite articles 1. We use the article a / an when we are talking about something for the first time or not specific things. I've got a new job. (the listener doesn't know what the job is) Would

More information

THE 'ZERO' CONDITIONAL

THE 'ZERO' CONDITIONAL 17 THE 'ZERO' CONDITIONAL 1. Form In 'zero' conditional sentences, the tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple present: 'IF' CLAUSE (CONDITION) MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT) If + simple present If you

More information

Conversation 1. Conversation 2. Conversation 3. Conversation 4. Conversation 5

Conversation 1. Conversation 2. Conversation 3. Conversation 4. Conversation 5 Listening Part One - Numbers 1 to 10 You will hear five short conversations. There are two questions following each conversation. For questions 1 to 10, mark A, B or C on your Answer Sheet. 1. When did

More information

A is going usually B is usually going C usually goes D goes usually

A is going usually B is usually going C usually goes D goes usually This guide is to help you decide which units you need to study. The sentences in the guide are grouped together (Present and past, Articles and nouns etc.) in the same way as the units in the Contents

More information

Phrasal verbs, Prepositional verbs with special meaning (A-H)

Phrasal verbs, Prepositional verbs with special meaning (A-H) Phrasal verbs, Prepositional verbs with special meaning (A-H) Here we have listed verbs with adverbs and prepositions. These verbs have a special meaning, therefore we have used them in sentences. A ---

More information

Choose the correct word or words to complete each sentence.

Choose the correct word or words to complete each sentence. Chapter 4: Modals MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the correct word or words to complete each sentence. 1. You any accidents to the lab's supervisor immediately or you won't be permitted to use the facilities again.

More information

Phrasal Verbs. At last, the hostage could break away from his captors.

Phrasal Verbs. At last, the hostage could break away from his captors. Phrasal Verbs Phrasal verbs, Prepositional verbs with special meaning (A-H) Here we have listed verbs with adverbs and prepositions. These verbs have a special meaning, therefore we have used them in sentences.

More information

As mentioned before, English does not have any inflectional future tense, but there are several possibilities for expressing future time.

As mentioned before, English does not have any inflectional future tense, but there are several possibilities for expressing future time. SEMINAR 9 EXPRESSING THE FUTURE As mentioned before, English does not have any inflectional future tense, but there are several possibilities for expressing future time. I. WILL / SHALL + INFINITIVE -

More information

Functions of a Gerund

Functions of a Gerund Verbals Functions of a Gerund A gerund is a verb form that acts as a noun. Example: Baking is something she loves to do. Baking is a gerund; it is a form of the verb to bake. In the example baking is used

More information

Gerunds, Infinitives and Participles

Gerunds, Infinitives and Participles Gerunds, Infinitives and Participles A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and

More information

THE FLATMATES Quiz: Idioms trouble

THE FLATMATES Quiz: Idioms trouble THE FLATMATES Quiz: Idioms trouble Quiz Idioms: trouble You can try the quiz online at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/flatmates/episode87/quiz.shtml For each of the six questions choose

More information

ESL 340: Gerunds/Infinitives. Week 5, Tue. 2/13/18 Todd Windisch, Spring 2018

ESL 340: Gerunds/Infinitives. Week 5, Tue. 2/13/18 Todd Windisch, Spring 2018 ESL 340: Gerunds/Infinitives Week 5, Tue. 2/13/18 Todd Windisch, Spring 2018 Speaking Practice With a partner, the teacher will give you two pieces of paper (STUDENT A & STUDENT B) with different questions

More information

EXERCISES 1) PASSIVE vs. ACTIVE. 2) PAST SIMPLE vs. PAST PERFECT 3) REPORTED SPEECH 4) MUST/HAVE TO

EXERCISES 1) PASSIVE vs. ACTIVE. 2) PAST SIMPLE vs. PAST PERFECT 3) REPORTED SPEECH 4) MUST/HAVE TO EXERCISES 1) PASSIVE vs. ACTIVE 2) PAST SIMPLE vs. PAST PERFECT 3) REPORTED SPEECH 4) MUST/HAVE TO Choose past simple or past perfect 1 Choose the past simple or the past perfect tense 1) We had already

More information

Countable (Can count) uncountable (cannot count)

Countable (Can count) uncountable (cannot count) Countable (Can count) uncountable (cannot count) I have one cat. ( I have a cat. ) I have one milk. I have one of milk (I have a of milk) I have three cats I have three milk s (I have three of milk) examples

More information

Hello. I m Q-rex. Target Language. Phone Number :

Hello. I m Q-rex. Target Language. Phone Number : One Hello. I m Q-rex. Target Language In my free time I like playing soccer and listening to music. If I drink coffee, I get a headache. Phone Number : 032-234-5678 LISTENING AND READING 1. Watch your

More information

UNIT 3 Past simple OJ Circle the right words in each sentence.

UNIT 3 Past simple OJ Circle the right words in each sentence. UNIT 1 Present simple and present continuous OJ Cross out the wrong words in bold. Write the 1 We are always making our homework together because we are in the same class. 2 You can walk around your town

More information

LISTENING TASK. If I Were A Boy lyrics ( Beyoncé Knowles).

LISTENING TASK. If I Were A Boy lyrics ( Beyoncé Knowles). LISTENING TASK If I Were A Boy lyrics ( Beyoncé Knowles). If I...a boy even just for a day I'd roll out of bed in the morning And throw on what I wanted And go drink beer with the... And chase after girls

More information

CHUYÊN ðề 3: NON FINITE VERBS

CHUYÊN ðề 3: NON FINITE VERBS CHUYÊN ðề 3: NON FINITE VERBS GV hướng dẫn: Thầy ðặng Thanh Tâm Question 1: Put them in the right column. ( Phần này các em xem lý thuyết ñể kiểm tra lại) - enjoy want avoid it s no use / good can t help

More information

8 Eithe Either.. r. o. r / nei r / n the either.. r. n. or Grammar Station either... or neither... nor either eat drink neither nor either

8 Eithe Either.. r. o. r / nei r / n the either.. r. n. or Grammar Station either... or neither... nor either eat drink neither nor either 8 Either... or / neither... nor Date: Grammar Station We can use either... or / neither... nor to connect two things or ideas. We use either... or to talk about choices and possibility. We use neither...

More information

HERE AND THERE. Vocabulary Collocations. Grammar Present continuous: all forms

HERE AND THERE. Vocabulary Collocations. Grammar Present continuous: all forms HERE AND THERE Vocabulary Collocations 1 Look at the example and find six more verbs in the wordsearch. Use them to complete the collocations. G L U G N J F N U D R N F E S L Z L H P M E E T Y S T P I

More information

Lesson 1 Mixed Present Tenses

Lesson 1 Mixed Present Tenses Lesson 1 Mixed Present Tenses In today's lesson, we're going to focus on the simple present and present continuous (also called the "present progressive") and a few more advanced details involved in the

More information

FINAL EXAMINATION Semester 3 / Year 2010

FINAL EXAMINATION Semester 3 / Year 2010 Southern College Kolej Selatan 南方学院 FINAL EXAMINATION Semester 3 / Year 2010 COURSE COURSE CODE DURATION OF EXAM DEPARTMENT LECTURER : COLLEGE GRAMMAR/ ENGLISH FUNDAMENTALS : ENGL1023/ ENGL1033D : 2 ½

More information

Language at work Present simple

Language at work Present simple Unit 1 Language at work Present simple Present simple Positive: Add -s or -es after the verb with he / she / it. I / you / we / they specialize in Latin American music. He / She / It specializes in high-tech

More information

Conditionals and Modal verbs GRAMMAR

Conditionals and Modal verbs GRAMMAR Conditionals and Modal verbs GRAMMAR Content Modal verbs can be used in the main clause of conditionals. This can be used to talk about certain choices you make - for example, 'If I have time, I can go

More information

NOUN CLAUSE SELF-TEST

NOUN CLAUSE SELF-TEST NOUN CLAUSE SELF-TEST Short Answer Directions: Underline the noun clause in the sentence. 1. The students will ask their teacher when the final exam is. 2. Patricia wanted to know if her dad would give

More information

Match the questions and answers. Type the letter in the box.

Match the questions and answers. Type the letter in the box. PRESENT FORMS Correct the sentences. 1 Does he lives in Scotland? 2 Do she have a car? 3 He work in Moscow. 4 Where does you live? 5 He doesn't has a dog. 6 She comes from England PAST FORMS 1 What were

More information

INSTITUTO NACIONAL 8 TH GRADE UNITS UNIT 6 COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

INSTITUTO NACIONAL 8 TH GRADE UNITS UNIT 6 COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS INSTITUTO NACIONAL Teacher: Paz Cepeda WORKSHEET 8 TH GRADE UNITS 6 7 8 UNIT 6 COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS I. Read the nouns and say if they are countable (C) or uncountable nouns (U) 1. Egg meat oil

More information

Section 2: Known and Unknown

Section 2: Known and Unknown How to Use A and The Section 2: Known and Unknown Section 2 Part 1: Explanation We use a / an (for singular countable nouns) when we think the listener or reader WON T know which thing or person we are

More information

UPGRADE 8 CONTENTS. It's TEOG Time 2... p. 30. It's TEOG Time 3... p. 44. It's TEOG Time 4... p. 58. It's TEOG Time 5... p. 72

UPGRADE 8 CONTENTS. It's TEOG Time 2... p. 30. It's TEOG Time 3... p. 44. It's TEOG Time 4... p. 58. It's TEOG Time 5... p. 72 UPGRADE 8. CONTENTS UNIT 1 Friendship... p. 3-15 It's TEOG Time 1... p. 16 UNIT 2 Teen Life... p. 17-29 It's TEOG Time 2... p. 30 UNIT 3 Cooking... p. 31-43 It's TEOG Time 3... p. 44 UNIT 4 Communication...

More information

Lesson 1 Vocabulary. 1 Write the words and phrases in the puzzle. 2 Read and complete the definitions. 3 Read and remember the grammar in the lesson.

Lesson 1 Vocabulary. 1 Write the words and phrases in the puzzle. 2 Read and complete the definitions. 3 Read and remember the grammar in the lesson. Unit Travel trouble Lesson Vocabulary Write the words and phrases in the puzzle. r u n w a y 6 6 7 7 The mystery word is. Read and complete the definitions. arrivals : This is the area of an airport which

More information

Teaching language for communication: an action- oriented approach

Teaching language for communication: an action- oriented approach Teaching language for communication: an action- oriented approach Mark Hancock For video of authors Mark Hancock and Annie McDonald explaining principles behind course book English Result, see: http://www.oupeltpromo.com/englishresult/

More information

Grammar. Name: 1 Underline the correct words.

Grammar. Name: 1 Underline the correct words. Grammar 1 Underline the correct words. 0 A: Have you got a laptop? B: Yes, I am / have. 1 A: Have / Has your father got a car? B: No, but he s got a bike! 2 A: What car have / has your parents got? B:

More information

FOURTH YEAR WEB SAMPLE 2017

FOURTH YEAR WEB SAMPLE 2017 ASOCIACIÓN EX ALUMNOS DEL PROFESORADO EN LENGUAS VIVAS JUAN RAMÓN FERNÁNDEZ FOURTH YEAR WEB SAMPLE 2017 A B C D E F Total A. Rewrite these sentences without altering their meaning: (10) 1. We re going

More information

Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important points, using your own words whenever possible (maximum 50 words,).

Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important points, using your own words whenever possible (maximum 50 words,). 1. Writing a Summary. Exercise Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important points, using your own words whenever possible (maximum 50 words,). As today's bride and groom celebrate

More information

High Five! 3. 1 Read and write in, on or at. Booster. Name: Class: Prepositions of time Presentation. Practice. Grammar

High Five! 3. 1 Read and write in, on or at. Booster. Name: Class: Prepositions of time Presentation. Practice. Grammar 1 Prepositions of time Presentation I study Geography on Monday and on Wednesday. I study Drama in the afternoon. I go swimming in summer. I play tennis at six o clock. We finish school in June. Remember!

More information

1 Unit friendship TEST. Vocabulary. 6. A:... is the party going to start? B: At three.

1 Unit friendship TEST. Vocabulary. 6. A:... is the party going to start? B: At three. 1 Unit friendship 1-16: For these questions, choose the best option to fill in the blanks. 1. We re organizing a party for mum but it is a... for now. You shouldn t tell anyone. secret buddy ticket mate

More information

LEVEL 5 GRAMMAR I. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT TENSE OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS. USE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT CONTINUOS.

LEVEL 5 GRAMMAR I. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT TENSE OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS. USE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT CONTINUOS. LEVEL 5 GRAMMAR I. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT TENSE OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS. USE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT CONTINUOS. 1. Every Monday, Sally (drive) her kids to football practice. 2. Usually,

More information

Infinitives. Grammar Explanation. Causative Verbs

Infinitives. Grammar Explanation. Causative Verbs Part A Causative Verbs and Infinitive Forms Infinitives Preview Dear Diary, I was so happy today because I overcame my fear of speaking in front of the class. My friend Emily was very helpful because she

More information

INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL CECYT 8 NARCISO BASSOLS ETS ENGLISH GUIDE EXAM ENGLISH III

INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL CECYT 8 NARCISO BASSOLS ETS ENGLISH GUIDE EXAM ENGLISH III 1. Simple Past of be: was/were INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL CECYT 8 NARCISO BASSOLS ETS ENGLISH GUIDE EXAM ENGLISH III Additional grammar notes Was is the past of am and is, and were of are. Was and

More information

boring sad uncertain lonesome

boring sad uncertain lonesome I'm thinking of you 1 A song: Lemon Tree A pre-watching Look at these pictures. Talk about the pictures. Which words, feelings come to your mind? 1 2 B boring sad uncertain lonesome.....................

More information

paralyses verb to make someone lose the ability to move. You may need to make changes on some words

paralyses verb to make someone lose the ability to move. You may need to make changes on some words (1) Word list Word Word Class English Meaning chorus noun a part of a poem that is repeated several times. planet noun a very large object that moves round the sun. stamp noun the sound of someone putting

More information

ENGLISH LANGUAGE I MODULE 6: REPORTED SPEECH

ENGLISH LANGUAGE I MODULE 6: REPORTED SPEECH ENGLISH LANGUAGE I MODULE 6: REPORTED SPEECH Explanations With tense Summary of tense changes changes Tenses move back in time after a past tense reporting verb. 'I agree.' Peter said he agreed. I'm leaving.'

More information

Past Simple Questions

Past Simple Questions Past Simple Questions Find your sentence: Who? What? Janet Chris Mary Paul Liz John Susan Victor wrote a letter read a book ate an apple drank some milk drew a house made a model plane took some photos

More information

CRONOGRAMA DE RECUPERAÇÃO ATIVIDADE DE RECUPERAÇÃO

CRONOGRAMA DE RECUPERAÇÃO ATIVIDADE DE RECUPERAÇÃO SÉRIE: 1ª série do EM CRONOGRAMA DE RECUPERAÇÃO DISCIPLINA: INGLÊS Unidades Assuntos 1 GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT VOCABULARY: CHORES 2 GRAMMAR: COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE VOCABULARY: LEISURE ACTIVITIES

More information

Name. Read each sentence and circle the pronoun. Write S on the line if it is a subject pronoun. Write O if it is an object pronoun.

Name. Read each sentence and circle the pronoun. Write S on the line if it is a subject pronoun. Write O if it is an object pronoun. A subject pronoun takes the place of a noun in the subject of a sentence. Subject pronouns include I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. An object pronoun takes the place of a noun that follows an action

More information

.Student A ... Student B

.Student A ... Student B .Student A How often do you travel? How often do you wake up in the middle of the night? How often do you go to the dentist? How often do you go to church? How often do you eat candies? How often do you

More information

Commonly Misspelled Words

Commonly Misspelled Words Commonly Misspelled Words Some words look or sound alike, and it s easy to become confused about which one to use. Here is a list of the most common of these confusing word pairs: Accept, Except Accept

More information

SALE TODAY All toys half price

SALE TODAY All toys half price Name: Class: Date: Questions 1 5 Which notice (A H) says this (1 5)? Part 1 For Questions 1 5 mark the correct letter A H on your answer sheet. Answer 0 Young children should go here with a parent F 1

More information

Linking words B2. Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK. A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training Learning Language: English

Linking words B2. Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK. A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training Learning Language: English Speaking Listening Writing Reading Grammar Vocabulary Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training Learning Language: English Linking words B2 Forward What

More information

Imagining. 2. Choose endings: Next, students must drag and drop the correct endings into each square.

Imagining. 2. Choose endings: Next, students must drag and drop the correct endings into each square. Imagining Level: 1º de Bachillerato. Grammar: Conditions type I, II and III. Phrasal verb to come Functions: Talking about imaginary situations and concepts. Vocabulary: Vocabulary related to human behaviour,

More information

Explaining Tenses. To save trees, consider using the double-sided printing option on your printer. Simple Present[VERB] + s/es in third person

Explaining Tenses. To save trees, consider using the double-sided printing option on your printer. Simple Present[VERB] + s/es in third person Explaining Tenses. The following chart was compiled by Linda Yechiel, using material that was found on the site. http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/types.html To save trees, consider using the double-sided

More information

Level : 2AM Timing : 1h 30

Level : 2AM Timing : 1h 30 Level : 2AM Timing : 1h 30 The Third Term English Exam Louis Pasteur was a French scientist. He was born in 1822. He began his career as a chemist, but turned to biology and medicine later on and made

More information

Let's Go~ Let's start learning Grammar~ Yeah! NAME :

Let's Go~ Let's start learning Grammar~ Yeah! NAME : JUMP Let's Go~ Let's start learning Grammar~ Yeah! NAME : Beaver Town Mr. Onnie Mr. Anderson Mrs. Anderson Mrs. Onnie Shawn Benny Joanna Penny Mr. Taylor Mr. Harris Mrs. Harris Mrs. Lee Mr. Lee Mrs. Taylor

More information

ENGLISH IN MIND UNIT 4

ENGLISH IN MIND UNIT 4 ENGLISH IN MIND UNIT 4 GRAMMAR Ability in the Past: COULD, WAS/WERE ABLE TO, MANAGED TO ABILITY NON/ LACK OF ABILITY GENERAL ABILITY could couldn t ABILITY AT SPECIFIC MOMENTS was/ were able to managed

More information

5 th Grade 1 st TERM: REVIEW Units 1-2-3

5 th Grade 1 st TERM: REVIEW Units 1-2-3 5 th Grade 1 st TERM: REVIEW Units 1-2-3 PRESENT SIMPLE: 3 types of auxiliaries AUXILIARIES IN RED TO BE ALL OTHER VERBS CAN Aux: AM-IS-ARE EX. Affitmative: I am roller skating Negative: I am not roller

More information

General English for Non- Departmental Classes

General English for Non- Departmental Classes Ministry of Higher Education And Scientific Research, University of Babylon, College of Education/ Ibn Hayan, Department of Mathematics General English for Non- Departmental Classes By Mais Flaieh Hasan

More information

On the weekend UNIT. In this unit. 1 Listen and read.

On the weekend UNIT. In this unit. 1 Listen and read. UNIT 7 On the weekend In this unit You learn time prepositions: on, at, in present continuous for future words for sports and then you can make suggestions talk about sports talk about future plans 49

More information

From Englishclub.com 1

From Englishclub.com 1 idiom meaning example sentence apple of one's eye a person that is adored by someone Baby Jessica is the apple of her father's eye. (have a) bun in the oven be pregnant I don't think Jan will come to the

More information

2003 ENG Edited by

2003 ENG Edited by 2003 (This is NOT the actual test.) No.000001 0. ICU 1. PART,,, 4 2. PART 13 3. PART 12 4. PART 10 5. PART 2 6. PART 7. PART 8. 4 2003 Edited by www.bucho-net.com Edited by www.bucho-net.com Chose the

More information

Welcome to this sample unit from Understanding Everyday Australian Book 2

Welcome to this sample unit from Understanding Everyday Australian Book 2 Welcome to this sample unit from Understanding Everyday Australian Book 2 Print out the following 10 page unit, to use with the MP3 sound file on our web page: www.boyereducation.com.au or to view the

More information

VOCABULARY. Working with animals / A solitary child / I have not seen him for ages

VOCABULARY. Working with animals / A solitary child / I have not seen him for ages VOCABULARY Acting school Agent Bedsit Behaviour Bustling By the way Capital Career Ceremony Commuter Couple Course Crossword Crowd Department store District Entertainment Estate agent's Housing estate

More information

made an unpleasant, angry sound. having a pleasant taste or smell. Choose a word from the table above to fill in the blanks.

made an unpleasant, angry sound. having a pleasant taste or smell. Choose a word from the table above to fill in the blanks. Meanings List [Word slice stove slunk escape snarled delicious marvellous tiny Word Class English Meaning a piece of food. a cooker. moved in a sly way. get free. made an unpleasant, angry sound. having

More information

Relative clauses GRAMMAR

Relative clauses GRAMMAR Relative clauses GRAMMAR Content You will learn how to use relative clauses to give more details on which person, place, or thing is being talked about. Learning Outcomes Learn about relative clauses Complete

More information

Preface. The main objective of Right Before The Exam PSLE English is to prepare students for standard and tricky examination questions.

Preface. The main objective of Right Before The Exam PSLE English is to prepare students for standard and tricky examination questions. Preface The main objective of Right Before The Exam PSLE English is to prepare students for standard and tricky examination questions. Test Papers There are 6 mock examination papers consisting of Paper

More information

QualityTime-ESL Podcasts

QualityTime-ESL Podcasts QualityTime-ESL Podcasts Oral Grammar Exercises to Learn English or Perfect Your Skills Pack 1-5.2 Scripts Version for Mobile Devices (free) Audio available on itunes or on www.qualitytime-esl.com QualityTime-ESL

More information

Weekly Homework A LEVEL

Weekly Homework A LEVEL Weekly Homework SUBJECT: ENGLISH STAGE: PREP 2 A LEVEL Tense Present simple Past simple Present cont. Passive am/is/are+ p.p was/were + p.p am/is/are + being + p.p Examples -He writes the reports every

More information

English in Mind. Level 2. Module 1. Guided Dialogues RESOURCES MODULE 1 GUIDED DIALOGUES

English in Mind. Level 2. Module 1. Guided Dialogues RESOURCES MODULE 1 GUIDED DIALOGUES A: Asks B where B usually goes on holiday. B: Cheltenham, England / end of June / camping in August with family A: Shows surprise and says he/she goes to England too during the summer to attend a language

More information

Linking words C1. Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK. A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training

Linking words C1. Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK. A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training Speaking Listening Writing Reading Grammar Vocabulary Grammar-Vocabulary WORKBOOK A complementary resource to your online TELL ME MORE Training Linking words C1 Forward What are TELL ME MORE Grammar-vocabulary

More information

American to the Top Intermediate 2 UNIT 3

American to the Top Intermediate 2 UNIT 3 Activity 1 American to the Top Intermediate 2 UNIT 3 Stand by me Stand by me, by George Lennon The title of the unit is Stand by me. What do you think the expression stand by me means? Choose the ones

More information

Subject + Verb.1 + Object

Subject + Verb.1 + Object :Introduction :.Present Tense.Past Tense.Future Tense :.Simple Tense.Perfect Tense.Continuous (Progressive) Tense.Perfect Continuous Tense :Present Tense :Present Simple / Subject + Verb.1 + Object " "

More information

ENGLISH FILE. 5 Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pronunciation B. 3 Underline the correct word(s). 1 Order the words to make sentences.

ENGLISH FILE. 5 Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pronunciation B. 3 Underline the correct word(s). 1 Order the words to make sentences. 5 Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pronunciation GRAMMAR 1 Order the words to make sentences. Example: cat / look / to / James / offered / after / neighbour s / his James offered to look after his neighbour s

More information