Poet s Tools. A poet s tools are: 1. Word Choice 2. Imagery 3. Sound Devices 4. Formal Devices (Structure and Rhythm)

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1 Poet s Tools A poet s tools are: 1. Word Choice 2. Imagery 3. Sound Devices 4. Formal Devices (Structure and Rhythm)

2 4. Formal devices The fourth group of tools the poet uses to create his/her work are formal devices. Formal devices include the structure of a poem and the different types of styles that a poem can be written in.

3 Stanza - the name we give the paragraphs found in a poem. This poem has 4 stanzas Invictus: The Unconquerable Out of the night that covers me, Black as the Pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be For my unconquerable soul. In the fell clutch of circumstance I have not winced nor cried aloud, Under the bludgeoning's of chance My head is bloody, but unbowed. Beyond this place of wrath and tears Looms but the horror of the shade, And yet the menace of the years Finds, and shall find me, unafraid. It matters not how strait the gate, How charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul.

4 Line - A group of words in a poem arranged into a row. A line of poetry is not like a sentence. Just because the words are one line, doesn t mean that the complete thought is finished. This stanza has 6 lines Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door - Only this, and nothing more."

5 How To Read a Poem with Punctuation When reading poetry, if you reach the end of the line and there is no punctuation after the last word, do not pause continue reading as you would any sentence.

6 Excerpt from Late Movies with Skylar By Michael Ondaatje I lie in bed fully awake. The darkness breathes to the pace of a dog s snoring. The film is replayed to sounds Of an intricate blues guitar. I lie in bed fully awake. The darkness breathes to the pace of a dog s snoring. The film is replayed to sounds of an intricate blues guitar.

7 How To Read a Poem with Punctuation When reading poetry, if you reach the end of the line and there is no punctuation after the last word, do not pause continue reading as you would any sentence. In Flanders Fields By Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, row on row, That mark our place: and in the sky The larks still bravely singing fly Scarce heard amid the guns below. We are the dead: Short days ago, We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, Loved and were loved: and now we lie In Flanders fields! Take up our quarrel with the foe To you, from failing hands, we throw The torch: be yours to hold it high If ye break faith with us who die, We shall not sleep, though poppies grow In Flanders fields

8 Rhyme scheme - the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem. We represent a poems rhyme scheme with letters.

9 What is the rhyme scheme? Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.

10 Poetry Analysis Richard Cory

11 Edwin Arlington Robinson Born in Maine in 1869 Unhappy kid at the age of 6 he wrote journals wondering why he was born President Roosevelt was a fan of his work and gave him a steady job that allowed him to keep writing He wrote sad poems mostly about people from the New England states Died in 1935

12 Richard Cory Read through the poem on your own a few times. Think about the terms we ve talked about in class to make sense of the poem. Answer the questions in pen using MLA format on loose leaf. This assignment is due on Thursday. This is a summative assessment. Theme the underlining message of the poem

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