Gerunds and Infinitives

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Kristian Stephens
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1 Gerunds and Infinitives CUA DO U VERBO TIE E FU CIÓ DE SUJETO > I FI ITIVO CO TO O GERU DIO Playing basketball takes up too much of her time. To play basketball for UConn is her favourite fantasy. CUA DO U VERBO TIE E FU CIÓ DE OBJETO> I FI ITIVO CO TO O GERU DIO Her favorite fantasy is to play basketball for UConn. Her favorite fantasy is playing basketball for UConn. DETRÁS DE U SUSTA TIVO > I FI ITIVO CO TO Her desire to play basketball for UConn became an obsession. I could never understand her desire to play basketball for UConn. Ejemplos de sustantivos advice appeal command decision desire fact instruction motivation opportunity order permission plan possibility preparation proposal recommendation refusal reminder request requirement suggestion tendency wish

2 DETRÁS DE U ADJETIVO > I FI ITIVO CO TO She was hesitant to tell the coach of her plan. She was reluctant to tell her parents, also. But she would not have been content to play high school ball forever. Ejemplos de adjetivos ahead amazed anxious apt ashamed bound careful certain content delighted determined disappointed eager eligible fortunate glad happy hesitant liable likely lucky pleased proud ready reluctant sad shocked sorry surprised upset DETRÁS DE U A PREPOSICIÓ > + GERU DIO a. She wrote a newspaper article about dealing with college recruiters. b. She thanked her coach for helping her to deal with the pressure. Two prepositions, except and but, will sometimes take an infinitive. a. The committee had no choice except to elect Frogbellow chairperson. b. What is left for us but to pack up our belongings and leave?

3 CUA DO TIE E FU CIÓ DE OBJETO DIRECTO > GERU DIO, I FI ITIVO CO TO O I FI ITIVO SI TO, SEGÚ GRUPO GRUPO 1 : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE I FI ITIVOCO TO Emotion care desire like loathe love regret yearn Choice or Intent agree choose decide decide expect hope intend need plan prefer prepare propose refuse want wish Initiation, Completion, Incompletion > begin cease commence fail get hesitate manage neglect start try undertake Mental Process forget know how learn remember Request and Promise demand offer Intransitives appear happen promise swear Seem threaten vow tend Miscellaneous ( = otros) afford arrange claim continue pretend wait

4 GRUPO II : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE PRO OMBRE + I FI ITIVO CO TO Example : I begged him to let me the flan. Communication advise ask* beg* challenge command convince Instruction encourage help Causing allow cause choose forbid invite order permit persuade promise* instruct teach force get hire remind require tell warn urge train need* would like* Miscellaneous dare* expect* trust prepare* want* GRUPO III: VERBOS + GERU DIO Initiation, Completion and Incompletion anticipate avoid begin cease complete delay finish get through give up postpone quit risk start stop try Communication admit advise deny discuss encourage mention recommend report suggest urge

5 Continuing Action continue can't help Emotion appreciate dislike enjoy like practice involve love mind don't mind miss prefer keep keep on regret can't stand resent resist tolerate Mental Process anticipate consider forget imagine recall remember see can't see understand GRUPO IV : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE GERU DIO O I FI ITIVO SI TO (CASI DIFERE CIA DE SE TIDO) attempt begin continue like love neglect prefer can't stand stand start GRUPO V : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE GERU DIO O I FI ITIVO CO TO (CO DIFERE CIA DE SE TIDO) Forget Remember Stop Try I forgot to lock the door I forgot locking the door I remembered to invite him I remembered inviting him I stopped to talk to him I stopped talking to him I tried to do it but I couldn t I tried doing it just in case. Se me olvidó cerrar la puerta Se me olvido que había cerrado la puerta Recordé invitarle Recordé que le había invitado Me paré para hablar con él Paré de hablarle Lo intenté pero no lo conseguí (proeza) Lo intenté por si a caso (experiencia) Regret Mean I regret to tell you that I regret telling you that I didn t mean to hurt you Lamento decirte que. Lamento haberte dicho que.. No fue mi intención herirte.

6 It meant working a lot Eso suponía mucho trabajo GRUPO VI : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE PRO OMBRE + GERU DIO (acción en curso) Example: I felt him coming towards me ( sentí como venía hacia mí) Verbs Involving Senses feel hear listen to look at notice observe overhear see watch GRUPO VII : VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE PRO OMBRE + I FI ITIVO SI TO (acción terminada) a. We watched him clear the table. (ví como quito la mesa) b. They heard the thief go through the door. (oyerón como entró el ladrón) c. We helped her finish the homework. ( la ayudamos a terminar el trabajo) GRUPO VII: PASSIVE MEA I GS : I FI ITIVE CO TO O GERU DIO SEGÚ LOS VERBOS a. Children are made to work hard in Japan ( obligan a los niños a trabajar duro en Japón) b. You are not allowed to smoke in here (no te està permitido fumar aquí) c. He is believed to be the criminal ( se cree que él es el criminal) d. Your car needs cleaning ( Tienes que limpiar el coche) e. I am not used/accustomed to cleaning ( no estoy acostumbrado a limpiar) GRUPO VIII: CO ALGU AS EXPRESIO ES IDIOMÁTICAS a. There is no point in going there. ( no sirve de nada ir allí? b. It s worth working hard (merece la pena trabajar duro)

7 GRUPO IX : EXPRESIO ES + I FI ITIVO SI TO a. I d better go, it s getting late. (mejor sera que me vaya, se està haciendo tarde) b. I d rather do it myself (prefiero hacerlo yo) c. Let me tell you ( dejame que te diga) d. Do they make you wear a uniform to school? (Tienes que llevar uniforme en el colegio) e. I have a decorator paint my flat ( Me pinta el piso un decorador) f. I got my hair cut ( Me he cortado el pelo)

LIKE, LOVE, HATE +ING

LIKE, LOVE, HATE +ING Ex.1. Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets: 1. I like (go) out with friends. 2. She doesn t like (play) any sport. 3. He hates (cook). 4. She loves (swim). 5. I like (dance).