PERSONALITY TESTS & the power of Oreos

Transcription

1 PERSONALITY TESTS & the power of Oreos

2 Projective Tests: Criticisms Critics argue, Projective tests lack both: - Reliability (consistency of results) & - Validity (predicting what it is supposed to) RELIABILITY: Projective tests may misdiagnose a normal person as having a disorder. VALIDITY: Even trained raters evaluating the same patient can come up with different interpretations.

3 Assessing Personality Projective Personality Tests Rorschach TAT (Thematic Apperception Test) Rorschach: Most widely used projective test. Set of 10 inkblots was designed by Hermann Rorschach. Seeks to identify people s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots. TAT: Thematic Apperception Test: Projective psychological test. Assert that a person's responses reveal underlying motives, concerns, & the way they see the social world through stories they make up about ambiguous pictures.

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6 TAT: Popularly known as the picture interpretation technique. Subject is asked to tell as dramatic a story as he can. Sometimes it is used in a psychiatric or psychological context to assess personality disorders, thought disorders. PROJECTIVE TESTS

7 Assessing the Unconscious-- TAT

8 TAT Interpretations Male Aged 63 11" A boy and his violin... (What's he doing?)...he's thinking something, as how is he going to play that... (outcome?) He makes a good living at it, if he studies long enough.

9 Name: I.G. Age: 25 Sex: Female You want to know what he's doing and all that, huh?... (Just tell me a story about it). Seems more like he's trying to learn to play the violin or something. I don't know why he's got his hands up to his head...seems like it's kinda hard- hard for him to catch on. That's about all I can see... (Think he'll learn?) Sure, I think he will... (Why is it hard for him?) The way he's looking at it...seems like it's hard for him to learn to play it--the way he's looking... (What' the difficulty?) Well it might be hard for him to learn which tune to play, or is it the right one he's playing, or what...

10 Name: M.W. Age: 19 Sex: female Can I look at it for a minute? (Encouraged) All right, once upon a time, there was a little boy, an only child, from a well-to-do family. The little boy was given everything he had or wanted. His father, or rather his mother--always wanted him to play violin. But he would rather be playing outside with other little boys than practicing his violin. One morning he got up out of bed and it was such a beautiful day. The sun was shining and he could hear the birds singing and he thought, "Ah what a wonderful day. I can play outside with my friends and we can play baseball in the lot across the street." So he went downstairs for his breakfast, and it--he had a very good breakfast, though his mother tried to force oatmeal on him- which he didn't really like anyway. But, as usual, Mother got her way and he ate his oatmeal and gulped down his milk and excused himself and ran outside to play with the other boys, with a forewarning from his mother that he must come in for lunch when she called. So, he told her he would come when she would call, although he made a face at her when he couldn't see her--rather, when she couldn't see him--thinking that he wasn't hungry and that he would much rather be out playing with the boys and that he could eat later. Playing hard all morning-- and approximately around noon--he reluctantly left his friends when his mother called him. (Although she did have to call him two or three times.) He ran to the house and plopped disgustedly in his chair. "Now Jimmy, I told you to wash your hands before meals," his mother said. So reluctantly, he stalked off to wash his hands in the washroom, and he came back to the table. Eating a hearty lunch--although he protested all the time--all the way--that he wasn't hungry--starting quickly towards the door, he was stopped fast by his mother who said it was time for him to practice his violin lesson "Ah gee ma I really don't want to! I really don't want to take that anyway--i don't see why I have to practice the violin when all the boys are out playing." "No Jimmy, you do what I tell you. You don't like it now, but you'll really thank me later in life when you become a great violin player." "But ma, all the other boys don't have to practice their violin lesson. Why do I?" But being that the mother always had the upper hand--as she always does--things under control, she went out and Jimmy was sent to his room to practice his lesson. Getting his violin out of the case, picking up his music, he placed his music on the table, and the violin and bow on top of it, and sat for a moment looking disgusted at it, thinking, "Oh, why do I have to do this anyway?" The end.

11 During the course of the test the psychologist can ask questions such as: "What has happened?" "What events occurred prior to this?" "What will happen to him (the main character) now?" or "What will happen later?"

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13 The Rorschach Inkblot Test Write what you see in this image.

14 The Rorschach Inkblot Test Write what you see in this image.

15 Rorschach Inkblot Test What do you see?

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17 Black ink. A simple, bat like shape. Naughty bits: two penises (the "ears" or "antennae"). Rorschach himself thought this was the easiest blot to interpret. It is a bat or a butterfly, period. You don't want to mention anything else. Seeing the projections on the ends of the bat wings as crocodile heads signifies hostility. Seeing the paired butterfly antennae or feet as scissors or pliers signifies a castration complex. Schizophrenics sometimes see moving people in this blot. Many psychologists take particular note of the number of responses given to this plate. If you mention more images here than in either Plate IV or VI, it is suggestive of schizophrenia.

18 Crash Course History Freud and Rorschach

19 Personality Theories: The Big 5 1. Psychodynamic Perspective 2. Behavioral: Social Cognitive 3. Humanism 4. Biological 5. Trait Theory PARADOX: Personality tests have a number of shortcomings and weaknesses, but they remain invaluable measurement instruments for both research and clinical work. POP QUIZ

20 The Five Factor Model of Personality

21 How do you eat an Oreo? Can the way you eat an Oreo cookie tell you something about your personality?

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25 Trump: No more Oreos (right!)

26 Oreo Time!

27 Choose which method best describes your favorite method of eating Oreos: 1. The whole thing all at once. 2. One bite at a time. 3. Slow and methodical nibbles examining the results of each bite afterwards. 4. In little feverous nibbles. 5. Dunked in some liquid (milk, coffee...). 6. Twisted apart, the inside, then the cookie. 7. Twisted apart, the inside, and toss the cookie. 8. Just the cookie, not the inside. 9. I just like to lick them, not eat them. 10. I don't have a favorite way. I don't like Oreo cookies.

28 How do you eat your Oreo? 1. The whole thing all at once. This means you consume life with abandon. You are fun to be with, exciting, & carefree with some hint of recklessness.

29 How do you eat your Oreo? 2. One bite at a time. You are lucky to be one of the 5.4 billion other people who eat their Oreos this very same way. Just like them, you lack imagination, but that's okay, not to worry, you're normal.

30 How do you eat your Oreo? 3. Slow and methodical nibbles examining the results of each bite afterwards. You follow the rules. You're very tidy and orderly. You're very meticulous in every detail with everything you do. People like you oughta stay out of the fast lane if you're only going to go the speed limit.

31 How do you eat your Oreo? 4. In little feverous nibbles. You have a tendency to work too much and do too much. You always have a million things to do and never enough time to do them. Stop reading this & get things done already!

32 How do you eat your Oreo? 5. Dunked in some liquid (milk, coffee...). Everyone likes you because you are always upbeat. But, dunking is a messy business & you can be untidy at times.

33 How do you eat your Oreo? 6. Twisted apart, the inside, then the cookie. You have a highly curious nature. You take pleasure in breaking things apart to find out how they work, though not always able to put them back together, so you destroy all the evidence of your activities.

34 How do you eat your Oreo? 6. Twisted apart, the inside, then the cookie.

35 How do you eat your Oreo? 7. Twisted apart, the inside, & toss the cookie. You take risks that pay off. You take what you want & throw the rest away.

36 How do you eat your Oreo? 8. Just the cookie, not the inside. You enjoy pain.

37 How do you eat your Oreo? 9. I just like to lick them, not eat them. Stay away from small furry animals & seek professional medical help - immediately.

38 How do you eat your Oreo? 10. I don't have a favorite way. I don't like Oreo cookies. You probably come from a rich family, and like to wear nice things, and go to up-scale restaurants. You are particular & fussy about the things you buy, own, & wear. Things have to be just right. You like to be pampered. You are a prima donna. There's just no pleasing you. Why are you here with us little people?