An Introduction to The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

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2 Do I really love him? Do you believe in Cupid? An Introduction to The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

3 How snotty do I look? William Shakespeare Born 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon Father John Shakespeare Leather-maker & Bailiff of Stratford Married Anne Hathaway Self-Educated Anne 26 yrs. Shakespeare 18 yrs. Susanna born after 6 mos Twins Hamnet & Judith (Hamnet died 1596)

4 William Shakespeare Cont s Freelance Actor 1590 Freelance Writer 35 Plays, 6 Collaborations, 2 Long Narrative Poems, & 154 Sonnets Comedies, English Histories, Narrative Poems, & Sonnets Problem Comedies, Bittersweet Plays, Romantic Adventure How scary is this? Classifications Misleading Retired 1613 & Died 1616

5 Shakespeare s Language J.K. Rowling uses Shakespeare s words and names in her famous Harry Potter books: Toil, toil, toil, & trouble. Fire burn and cauldron bubble - sang with the frogs Very significant to the English language Invented words Majestic, Hint, Lonely, Excellent, Gloomy Hermione Granger - a character in A Winter s Tale

6 Against = for; in preparation for Anon = soon Hence = away; from here Whence = where Romeo and Juliet sitting in a tree Could we but learn from whence his sorrows grow/we would as willingly give cure as know. Let Romeo hence in haste,/else, when he is found, that hour is his last. Anon, anon!/come let s away; the strangers are all gone. Look thou but sweet,/and I am proof against their enmity. Proof = protected

7 The Theatre Performed from Lord Chamberlain s Men NE of London Founded 1594 Owner of Land kicked the 1603 King James I became company out took wooden member theatre apart and moved to South The of Kings Thames Men River The Changed/Founded Globe 1603 Show Founded support 1599 of King James I Inside The Globe South of Thames River in Southwark

8 3 Tiers The Globe Main Actor - Richard Burbage 1st to Play - Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo, King Lear, Julius Caesar Female Characters played by boy actors Groundlings - Not always poor people - 1 pence admission (price of a loaf of bread 3 Floors of Seats + balcony over stage Can you see play on balcony? Why or why not? Why would someone want to sit on balcony, but not see the play?

9 Why are you learning about me? Saw many voyages Queen Elizabeth I Ruled Born at Greenwich September 7, 1533 King Henry VIII & Anne Boleyn Succeeded to Throne on Half-Sister s Death 45 Year Reign = Most Glorious in English History Francis Drake, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Humphrey Gilbert Mainly to Americas Founded East India Trading Company in 1600

10 Queen Elizabeth I Cont. Art Flourished Theatres Thrived Attended First Performance of A Midsummer Night s Dream Often called The Virgin Queen Reign of Triumph & Success Threats of Invasion Spain through Ireland & France through Scotland Selfless Woman in the Golden Speech of 1601 she addressed Parliament There is no jewel, be it of never so high a price, which I set before this jewel; I mean your love. Died March 24, 1603 A National Holiday for 200+ Years

11 Mantua Verona Setting Italy Verona Mantua Renaissance 14 th or 15 th Century

12 Shakespeare s Plays Shakespeare s works can be put in 4 categories: Historical Tragedy Comedy Poetry/Sonnets

13 Romeo and Juliet is a play. That means it is a. BLANK VERSE- a poem written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

14 Iambs/ Feet Foot- unit of rhythm in verse. Iamb- a foot consisting of an unaccented syllable and an accented. Example- return

15 METER cont. TYPES OF FEET (cont.) Iambic - unstressed, stressed Trochaic - stressed, unstressed Anapestic - unstressed, unstressed, stressed Dactylic - stressed, unstressed, unstressed

16 METER A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern. An accent over the syllable indicates it is stressed. A semi-circle over the syllable indicates it is unstressed. Re-turn

17 METER cont. Kinds of Metrical Lines monometer = one foot on a line dimeter = two feet on a line trimeter = three feet on a line tetrameter = four feet on a line pentameter = five feet on a line hexameter = six feet on a line heptameter = seven feet on a line octometer = eight feet on a line

18 Iambic Pentameter Example: Example: I went to see a man about a dog. 1 foot 1 foot 1 foot 1 foot 1 foot Five feet of unstressed and stressed syllables= Iambic Pentameter If one foot has one unstressed and one stressed syllable, how many TOTAL syllables are there in five feet?

19 KINDS OF STANZAS Couplet = a two line stanza Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza Quatrain = a four line stanza Quintet = a five line stanza Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza Septet = a seven line stanza Octave = an eight line stanza

20 BLANK VERSE POETRY from Julius Ceasar Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does NOT use end rhyme. Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, It seems to me most strange that men should fear; Seeing that death, a necessary end, Will come when it will come.

21 Shakespeare s Sonnets Iambic Pentameter Let me not to the marr iage of true minds Admit impediments. Love is not love Which alters when it alteration finds, Quatrain Or bends with the remover to remove: O, no! it is an ever-fixed mark, That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth s unknown, although his height be taken. Love s not Time s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle s compass come; Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error, and upon me prov d, I never writ, nor no man ever lov d. Couplet A B A B C D C D E F E F G G Rhyme Scheme 14 Lines

22 Kinds of Characters Flat- one dimensional character embodying only one single trait. Shakespeare s flat characters provide comic relief. Round- has many personality traits, like a real person.

23 Things we must know Soliloquy- a lengthy speech in which a character, alone on stage, expresses his or her thoughts to the audience Aside- a brief remark made by a character to the audience. This remark is unheard by the other characters.

24 Things we must know Monologue- a lengthy speech addressed to the other characters on stage. Allusions- within the dramatic speeches many characters make references to past experiences, history or other works of literature.

25 Paying attention to stage directions In our book there are stage directions they are written in italics. The stage directions tell the actors who is entering or exiting the stage and what they are doing.

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