Developed in Consultation with Pennsylvania Educators

Transcription

1 Developed in Consultation with Pennsylvania Educators

2 Table of Contents Table of Contents... PSSA Reading, Grade 3 Anchors or Standards Introduction...6 Assessment Anchors and Applicable Standards...7 Letter To the Student...9 Letter To the Family...10 To the Teacher...11 Pretest...13 Unit 1: Vocabulary Development...43 Chapter 1 Word Components...44 Lesson 1 Root Words 44 R3.A.1.2.1, R3.A.2.2.1, Lesson 2 Prefixes and Suffixes...49 Test Practice...54 Standard C R3.A.1.2.1, R3.A Chapter 2 Word Meanings...58 Lesson 3 Synonyms and Antonyms...58 Lesson 4 Homographs and Homophones...62 Lesson 5 Context Clues...67 Lesson 6 Content-Specific Words...71 Test Practice...74 R3.A R3.A.1.1.1, R3.A.2.1.1, Standard C R3.A.1.2.2, R3.A R3.A Unit 2: Literature Comprehension...79 Chapter 3 Types and Parts of Literature...80 Lesson 7 Types of Text...80 Lesson 8 Text Format...84 Lesson 9 Author's Purpose...89 Test Practice...93 R3.A.1.6.1, R3.A.2.6.1, Standard A Standard B R3.A.1.6.1, R3.A Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law. 3

3 PSSA Coach, Assessment Anchors, Reading, Grade 3 Chapter 4 Elements of Literature...99 Lesson 10 Character...99 Lesson 11 Setting Lesson 12 Plot Lesson 13 Theme and Topic Lesson 14 Figurative Language Test Practice R3.B R3.B R3.B R3.A.1.4.1, R3.A.2.4.1, R3. A.1.5.1, R3.A R3.B Unit 3: Reading Poetry and Drama Chapter 5 Poetry Lesson 15 Patterns Lesson 16 Rhyme Lesson 17 Onomatopoeia Test Practice Chapter 6 Drama Lesson 18 Dialogue Lesson 19 Stage Directions Lesson 20 Acts and Scenes Test Practice Standard D Standard C Standard C R3.B.1.1.1, Standard E R3.B.1.1.1, Standard E R3.B.1.1.1, Standard E Unit 4: Text Structures Chapter 7 Telling Statements Apart Lesson 21 Fact and Opinion Lesson 22 Simile and Metaphor Lesson 23 Comparison/Contrast Test Practice Chapter 8 How Books Work Lesson 24 Cause and Effect Lesson 25 Problem/Solution Lesson 26 Sequence Lesson 27 Headings Lesson 28 Graphics and Charts Test Practice Chapter 9 Focused Reading Lesson 29 Recognizing Stated Information Lesson 30 Identifying Main Ideas R3.B Standard C R3.B.1.2.1, R3.B R3.B R3.B R3.B.3.3.1, R3.B R3.B R3.B R3.A.1.4.1, R3.A R3.A.1.5.1, R3.A.2.5.1, Standard G 4 Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law.

4 Lesson 31 Bias Test Practice Chapter 10 Going Beyond the Book Lesson 32 Using Prior Knowledge Lesson 33 Making Inferences Test Practice R3.B Standard G R3.A.1.3.1, R3.A.2.3.1, Standard G Unit 5: Mechanics Chapter 11 Sentence Structure Lesson 34 Subject-Verb Agreement Lesson 35 Sentence Tense Grammar Practice Chapter 12 Sentence Components Lesson 36 Pronouns Lesson 37 Adjectives Lesson 38 Adverbs Lesson 39 Articles Grammar Practice Chapter 13 Shaping the Sentence Lesson 40 Commas Lesson 41 Periods Lesson 42 Capitalization Lesson 43 Spelling Grammar Practice Chapter 14 Forming a Paragraph Topic Sentence Supporting Sentences Concluding Sentences Paragraph Review: Short Answer Practice Paragraph Standard B Posttest Glossary Scoring Rubric for Open-Ended Questions Common Student Errors Reading List Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law. 5

5 Chapter 2: Word Meanings Anchor R3.A Anchor R3.A Define and/or apply how the meaning of words or phrases changes when using context clues given in explanatory sentences. Define and/or apply how the meaning of words or phrases changes when using context clues given in explanatory sentences. Lesson 5 Context Clues Context is the text around the word you are trying to figure out. When you use context clues, you think about how the word is used in the sentence or paragraph. Unit 1 When the firefighters arrived, the little campfire had grown into a blazing inferno. What is an inferno? If you do not know the meaning of this word, first look at the other words in the sentence. It begins like this: When the firefighters arrived What does this tell you? It tells you that firefighters were there. What do firefighters do? They fight fires. This tells you that the word inferno has something to do with fire. Now look at the second part of the sentence: the little campfire had grown into a blazing inferno A campfire is a small fire. The sentence says the campfire grew. The little fire became a bigger fire. You also read that the fire was blazing. That means it was very large and strong. Now, you can figure out that an inferno is a big, strong fire. Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law. 67

6 PSSA Coach, Assessment Anchors, Reading, Grade 3 THINKINGIt Read this short paragraph and then answer the question that follows. As he biked through the mountains, Lucas admired the brightly colored foliage. The reds, oranges, yellows, and browns looked so beautiful. Autumn was his favorite time of year. As used in this passage, what does the word foliage mean? Think about what things change colors outside in autumn. If you guess a word s meaning, try this test. Replace the word with your guess. Here s a sentence for you to try. The azure sky was beautiful. It was sunny out. There was not a cloud in sight. What does the word azure mean? The sentence tells you that the sky is azure. What does the sky look like when it is sunny and there are no clouds? On a day like this, the sky is usually blue. Try replacing azure with blue to see if the sentence still makes sense. The blue sky was beautiful. It was sunny out. There was not a cloud in sight. The word blue fits perfectly. Azure is another word for the color blue. 68 Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law.

7 Chapter 2: Word Meanings Example 1 Read this passage and then answer the questions that follow. Luis, Kevin, Jin, and Deka were playing hide and seek. Jin was it and everyone else was hiding. Jin shouted, Ready or not, here I come! She opened her eyes and began to look around. She thought she saw someone hiding over by the swings. She ran over that way, but slipped on some wet grass and fell. Ouch! she yelped when she hit the ground. The other kids came out to see if their friend was okay. What happened, Jin? Luis asked. Are you okay? Kevin wanted to know. I scraped my arm, Jin said. It hurts, but I think I am all right. We should clean the dirt off, Deka said. The girls went inside and Jin poured some cold water on her arm. That feels better, she said. The pain soon diminished. A little while later, they went back to their game. Unit 1 1a Read this sentence from the passage. Ouch! she yelped when she hit the ground. As used in the passage, what does the word yelped mean? looked around whispered laughed cried out What would you do if you fell and hurt yourself? 1b Read these sentences from the passage. That feels better, she said. The pain soon diminished. As used in the passage, what does the word diminished mean? got smaller got very bad changed color went away completely Jin said her arm felt better. This means that there was not as much pain. Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law. 69

8 Pretest Directions Read the story The Lucky Walk Home. Then do Numbers 43 through 47. The Lucky Walk Home by Bob Stevens Pretest M ost of Tuesday was boring, boring, boring. Until I walked home from school, that is. As I turned the corner of Smith and Greene, I saw a strange thing on the ground. It was blue, and furry-looking, and about three inches long. It had a chain on the end. I put it in my pocket, because I like to collect stuff. Then I kept on walking. A minute later, I found something else a dollar! It was right there on the ground in front of me. I looked around to see if it belonged to anyone. I asked Mr. Terry, who was always friendly, if it was his. Nope, not mine! he said. Today s your lucky day, kid! I put the dollar in my pocket and kept on walking. Then I came to the Newman house. I hated their dog. He always chased me and snarled at me. I peeked to see if he was there. Luckily, he was sleeping! I walked right past the house. I came up to the curb across the street from my house. Then the furry thing in my pocket made me itch. I stopped to scratch my leg. Just then, a bicycle sped around the corner! It was our neighbor, Tommy, on his new ten-speed. If I hadn t stopped to scratch my leg, he would have hit me! After the bike passed, I ran across the street. I told my father everything that happened. Let me see that furry thing you found, he told me. I handed it to him, and he smiled and said, No wonder you had so many good things happen to you. Do you know what this is? No, what is it? I asked. It s a lucky rabbit s foot! he said. Keep this in your pocket and you will always have good luck. Ever since that day, I carry it with me everywhere. It always gives me good luck. Go On Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law. 37

9 PSSA Coach, Assessment Anchors, Reading, Grade 3 Example 2 Read this passage and then answer the question that follows. Do you know where the American flag came from? A woman named Betsy Ross made it. Betsy was a seamstress. She sewed curtains and she made blankets. She even fixed rips in people s clothes for them. George Washington was President at that time. One day, he came to her house and asked her to make something for him. He wanted her to make a flag. She never made a flag before, but she was willing to try. She made a red, white, and blue flag with 13 stars and stripes. It was the first American flag ever. 2a Read this sentence from the passage. Betsy was a seamstress. What is a seamstress? someone who builds houses someone who teaches children someone who makes things out of cloth someone who cooks food Discuss your answer with your teacher or class. 70 Duplicating any part of this book is forbidden by law.