Clinical Practice Commission Survey

Transcription

1 World Federation of Music Therapy Federación Mundial de Musicoterapia Clinical Practice Commission Survey Compiled by Lia Rejane Mendes Barcellos (Brazil) (Chair) Paula Maria Ribeiro Carvalho (Brazil) Oxford,

2 A Survey of Music Therapy Clinical Practice World-Wide Clinical Practice Commission Lia Rejane Mendes Barcellos - Chair (Brazil) Daphne Rickson (New Zealand) Diane Austin (USA) Inge Nygaard Pedersen (Denmark) Paula Maria Ribeiro Carvalho (Brazil) Roberto Reccia (Argentina)

3 Countries which answered the questionnaire 1. Cuba 10. Israel 19. Norway 2. Canada 11. Belgium 20. The Netherlands 3. The USA 12. Cyprus 21. Portugal 4. Argentina 13. Denmark 22. San Marino 5. Brazil 14. Finland 23. Sweden 6. Colombia 15. France 24. Switzerland 7. Uruguay 16. Germany 25. Australia 8. Venezuela 17. Hungary 26. New Zealand 9. China 18. Italy 3

4 Steps of the survey process 1. Revision of the questionnaire elaborated by the previous Commission - by the Commission s chair - by the President of the WF - by all members of the Commission 2. Forwarding the questionnaire to the members of the Commission (everyone from a continent) in order they could 3. Forward the questionnaire to all countries of each continent 4

5 Problems found in this work 1. The elaboration of the questions that didn t include - some areas in which Music Therapy is offered. Pregnancy. Early stimulation. Neurotic people. Prevention and etc. - all Music Therapy methods and some other issues which could be important 2. The variety of terms used around the world for. The diversity of Music Therapy practices. The distinct employment of different theoretical approaches. The different systems of health. The different status of Music Therapy in each country, resulting from the differences of cultures. 3. The questionnaire being answered by only one person in a country 5

6 1. Who Practices Music Therapy there are music therapists in 96% of the 26 countries in 13 countries of the 26 only music therapists do MT in the other 13 countries also other professionals do Music Therapy Cuba is the only country where there are no music therapists and Sweden is the only country where all kinds of professionals do Music Therapy 6

7 Countries where there are only Music Therapists practicing Music Therapy: 1- Canada 2 - the USA 3 - Colombia (?) 4 - Uruguay (?) 5 - China 6 - Israel 7 - Belgium 8 - Cyprus 9 - Denmark 10 -Finland 11 - San Marino 12 -Australia 13 - New Zealand 7

8 2. Music Therapists are trained: 1. 46% are in Masters programs 2. Only 12% are trained in universities (?) 3. 58% of music therapists from many countries are also trained abroad 4. Norway is the only country which has music therapists trained in all levels (the United States?) 5. Germany has PhD (?) but it isn t pointed out in the questionnaire 8

9 3. Who prescribes Music Therapy 1. In 81% of the countries Music Therapy is prescribed also by Music Therapists 2. In 81% also Medical Doctors prescribe this kind of treatment 3. In 80%, psychologists also prescribe and 4. All kinds of professionals prescribe Music Therapy treatment in: Canada the USA Argentina Brazil and Germany 9

10 4. Music Therapy is offered in the following areas 1. 92% of the countries offer MT for Mentally Disabled 2. Only Cuba and China don t offer MT in this area 3. In autism and learning disabilities MT is offered in 88% of the countries 4. The third area is psychiatric disorders. Children, adolescents - 85%, and adults - 81% 5. Argentina, Brazil and the United States are countries where Music Therapy is offered in all areas and in some which are not in the questionnaire 6. Germany and Israel offer it in all areas 7.The areas in which MT is less offered are dialysis and diabetes - 27% 8. Other areas: Refugee Torture Survivors, stress, pregnancy, early stimulation, prevention, neurotic people and traumas. 10

11 5. Where the Music Therapy Treatment is offered 1-88% of the institutions are Special Schools for children and adolescents (data compatible with the area most contemplated by Music Therapy - Mentally Disabled) 2-85% offer Music Therapy in Private practice and 3-77% in State Hospitals for adolescents 4 - In Cuba Music Therapy is also offered in Private medical offices in the International School of Movies and in Research projects 5 - In New Zealand in Residential Care for children 11

12 6. Musical Procedures in Music Therapy 1. In 96% of the countries the most common musical procedures are:. Vocal and Instrumental Improvisation and. Listening to Vocal Pre-composed music 2. In 92% of the countries Listening to Instrumental pre-composed music is used 3. Listening to Pre-composed music with imagery and discussion is used in 81% of the countries surveyed but 4. The Bonny Method is employed in 58% of the countries 12

13 7. Theoretical approaches 1. Venezuela, China and Italy didn t receive this question % of the countries use Psychoanalysis as one of the approaches 3. Humanism is one approach used in74% of the countries (Gestalt was left out of Humanism) 4. Behaviorism is used as one of the approaches in 70% of the countries 5. Gestalt and Phenomenology are approaches used in 52% of the countries 6. Analytical Psychology (Jung) is one of the approaches used in 48% of the 23 countries 7. Music/musicology and Medical areas are used in 43% of the 23 countries 8. The Transpersonal area is the less used - in a total of 39% of the countries 9. Only the USA and Brazil use all approaches and others 10. Israel, Denmark and Germany use all approaches 11. Only France uses only one approach - Psychoanalysis 13

14 8 - Musical Instruments 1 - The keyboard is the only instrument used in all countries - 100% 2 - percussion instruments are used in 92% of the countries 3 - only Cuba and China don t use percussion 4 - wind instruments are not used in Cuba, Colombia(?), China, Portugal and San Marino 5 - Orff instruments are not used in Cuba, Colombia (?) and China 6 - folk instruments are not used in Cuba, Colombia (?), China and San Marino 7 - In Australia orchestral instruments are also used and 8 -Electronic and handmade instruments are also used in many countries 14

15 9 - Groups or individually In all countries surveyed Music Therapy is offered in groups and individually; the exceptions being Cuba and Portugal where Music Therapy is offered only individually 15

16 10 - Publications 1 - Books are the most common kind of publications - 69% of the countries 2 - Cuba, Colombia, Uruguay, China, Cyprus, and Portugal, don t have books 3 - The only country which has all kinds of publications is Argentina and 4 - The only countries which have Electronic Journals are: Argentina and Norway, the latter being available worldwide 5 - In the USA there are also Professional Research Journals 6 - In other countries music therapists have articles published in Journals, Newsletters and publications compiling articles presented in Congresses, Symposiums and other kinds of Music Therapy events. 16