Chapter 10. The Nineteenth Century II: Mid- to Late-Romantic Music 11/14/2014 1

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chapter 10. The Nineteenth Century II: Mid- to Late-Romantic Music 11/14/2014 1"

Transcription

1 Chapter 10 The Nineteenth Century II: Mid- to Late-Romantic Music 11/14/2014 1

2 Mid-Romantic Era 1850s to 1870s Most important works were: solo piano works, symphonic program music, and opera. Most important composers were: Franz Liszt, Giuseppe Verdi, Richard Wagner, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. 10-2

3 Works for Solo Piano Solo piano music was appealing to Romantics because of the focus on the individual. The focus was on musical expression and technical prowess. First performer-hero at the piano was Franz Liszt. 10-3

4 Symphonic Program Music Two paths during the Mid-Romantic Era Programmatic symphony-a fulllength symphony with each of its 3 to 5 movements depicting an episode in the narrative Symphonic poem--single-movement self-contained work for orchestra; also programmatic Liszt was the greatest mid-romantic composer of symphonic poems. 10-4

5 Opera: Schools and Types Three national schools of opera: the French, the Italian, and the German Each had a distinct national identity by the time of the mid- Romantic period. 10-5

6 Opera: Schools and Types French opera--three types Grand opera--lofty subject matter, spectacular staging, ballet, choruses, and crowd scenes; recitatives, arias, and choruses--no spoken dialogue Opéra comique--(comic opera)-- much smaller cast and orchestra with a simpler musical style and more down-to-earth plots with humorous or romantic interest--some spoken dialogue 10-6

7 Opera: Schools and Types French opera--three types Lyric opera--between grand opera and lyric opera; melodious; subject matter was tragic love; proportions lay somewhere between the spectacular and the skimpy. Greatest lyric opera is Carmen (1857) by George Bizet. Set the stage for verismo (realism) in opera toward the end of the 19th century. 10-7

8 Opera: Schools and Types Italian opera--dominated by the achievements of Giuseppe Verdi. Three important composers of Italian opera preceded him: Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini Rossini--Barber of Seville (1816) Bellini--Norma (1831) 10-8

9 Opera: Schools and Types German opera--central figure was Richard Wagner. Influenced by the works of Carl Maria von Weber--Der Freischütz (1821) with its supernatural and heroic subject matter and heavy emphasis on the role of the orchestra. 10-9

10 Nationalism After the Napoleonic Wars ended in 1814, European countries began to assert their independence and to stress national identity. Italy unified under a constitutional monarchy in A single German empire was created from a collection of separate states in

11 Nationalism Polish people rebelled against the ruling Russians. Czechs rebelled against their Austrian rulers. Norway gained independence from Sweden. Finland struggled for independence from Russia. Russia had a Civil War to preserve a single national identity

12 Nationalism This movement was reflected in the arts. Local language was fostered. Books of national poetry were published. Intellectuals turned with increasing interest to the folk tales, dances, and songs of their native heritage. Operas were based on national legend or history and were written in the native language

13 Nationalism This movement was reflected in the arts. Folk tunes appeared in symphonic music. Rhythms of folk dances were used in chamber works. Verdi wrote barely disguised political protests into his operas and was regarded as a national hero

14 Franz Liszt ( ) Born in 1811 in Hungary. Father was an administrator and court musician at the Esterházy Palace, where Haydn spent much time. Liszt learned to play piano from his father. After moving to Vienna, he studied composition with Antonio Salieri, who had taught Schubert and Beethoven

15 Franz Liszt ( ) At 13, the family moved to Paris; he began to tour Europe as a piano virtuoso. He showed incredible technique. He was known as a fabulous showman. At age 20, he heard Paganini and decided to achieve the same level of virtuosity on the piano. His fingers were unusually long and thin, and he could play tenths with ease

16 Franz Liszt ( ) Developed great friendships with Berlioz and Chopin. Lived with Countess Marie d Agoult, a novelist who published under the name, Daniel Stern. She left her husband to live with him, and they had 3 children. They traveled frequently around Europe while he performed to enthusiastic crowds and composed

17 Franz Liszt ( ) settled in Weimar, Germany, where he had been appointed music director. Devoted himself to composing and conducting. Relationship with Countess ended in 1844; he began an affair with a Russian princess

18 Franz Liszt ( ) While with the Countess, he completed most of the compositions that made him famous--12 symphonic poems, 2 programmatic symphonies, and much music for solo piano resigned at Weimar and went to Rome to begin religious studies

19 Franz Liszt ( ) Became an abbé and wrote several religious compositions: Psalm settings Masses An oratorio Near the end of his life, he again composed music for the piano and completed some pieces that foreshadowed the harmonies and Impressionistic colors of early 20th century music

20 Liszt s Music Liszt and Wagner are considered the most avant-garde composers of the mid-19th century. Liszt s piano music is quite varied. Transcendental Études--contain some of the most difficult piano music ever written. Dance forms: mazurkas, waltzes, polonaises, and Hungarian dances 10-20

21 Liszt s Music Liszt s piano music is quite varied. Piano Sonata in B Minor One long movement with 3 themes that are stated at the beginning The themes reappear in different forms throughout the piece. Called thematic transformation

22 Liszt s Music Liszt s piano music is quite varied. Hungarian Rhapsodies--examples of more of his nationalist music Transcriptions-- translations of music from one medium to another 100s of transcriptions of orchestral and operatic music for piano 10-22

23 Liszt s Music Orchestral music Best known of 12 symphonic poems are Les Préludes and Hamlet. Two programmatic symphonies: Faust Symphony--based on main characters of Goethe s play Dante Symphony--based on the 3 main parts of Dante s Divine Comedy 10-23

24 Liszt s Music Liszt expanded the boundaries of what was considered possible to perform on the piano. His Hungarian music contributed to the nationalist movement of his home country. He influenced several generations of composers after him and foreshadowed some of the harmonic changes of the 20th century

25 Liszt s Transcendental Étude No. 10 in F Minor Composed in 1826 when Liszt was only 15 years old. Revised and reissued later--in Ten times more difficult than before Berlioz said Liszt was the only person who could play it

26 Liszt s Transcendental Étude No. 10 in F Minor Explored every possible demanding piano technique: Doubled octave passages Rapid skips Intricate bass tracery Fast runs Massive chords Widely separated hands 10-26

27 Liszt s Transcendental Étude No. 10 in F Minor Contains some unusual harmonies and a great sense of moving forward. Although seemingly random and uncontrollable, the piece is actually carefully organized

28 Verdi and Wagner Each became the symbol of opera for his own country: Verdi in Italy Wagner in Germany They both had long careers, writing their last operas in their 70s. They made opera the central genre of mid-romanticism

29 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) Verdi was admired in Italy while still a young man. Born in a small northern village where his father ran an inn. As a boy he played the organ for services at the local church and conducted the town band in Busseto. One of the wealthy merchants In Busseto sent him to Milan to study music

30 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) The famous opera house, La Scala, was located in Milan. When he returned to Busseto, he married his patron s daughter when he was 23 and she was 16. Although he started composing there, his two children died along with his wife; he became seriously depressed and decided not to compose anymore

31 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) The concert manager at La Scala gave him the libretto for Nabucco (Nebuchadnezzar), and he liked it so well he composed an opera by that name which was produced in During the next eleven years, he wrote 15 operas. The most famous were: Rigoletto (1851) Il trovatore (1853) La traviata (1853)

32 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) Verdi became a very wealthy man; he married again and bought a country estate. 1860s and 1870s he wrote 3 more operas including Aida, which was commissioned for the opening of the Suez Canal

33 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) His final surge of creativity yielded 2 more operas: Otello in 1887 (based on Shakespeare s Othello) Falstaff in 1893 (based on Shakespeare s play, The Merry Wives of Windsor The Jewish chorus in Nabucco was heard by the Italians as a rallying cry against their Austrian rulers

34 Giuseppe Verdi ( ) During his life he became a national symbol. After Italian independence in 1870, he was name an honorary member of parliament. When he died (at age 88), Italy declared a national day of mourning

35 Verdi s Music Music in other genres besides opera: A magnificent Requiem Several songs A fine string quartet 10-35

36 Verdi s Music Secret to his operatic success was his beautiful melodies. He also specialized in writing stirring rhythms that can set the heart pounding. True essence of a Verdi opera is in the drama: Strong emotional resonance Violent contrasts Quick action 10-36

37 Verdi s Music Between 1840 and 1880, Verdi s compositional style became more fluid. Instead of the recitatives-arias style of earlier compositions, he created a continuing musical flow in which the drama unfolded

38 Verdi s Music The music was held together by the orchestral accompaniment. Binds voices together in duet, trios, and ensembles. Keeps action moving. Supplies rich, colorful harmonies. Verdi also uses the orchestra to present motives that represent people in the story, thus approaching Wagner s concept of the lietmotif

39 Verdi s Otello (excerpt) The last of Verdi s tragic operas. Dramatic interest lies in the portrayal of human emotions. Story: Iago, a junior officer in the Venetian army, is intensely jealous of the promotion of his friend, Cassio. He tries to destroy Cassio s career by deceiving Otello into thinking that Cassio is having an affair with his new wife, Desdemona

40 Verdi s Otello (excerpt) Form is somewhere halfway between recitative and aria-- called accompanied recitative. Scene ends with a huge orchestral climax

41 Richard Wagner ( ) Born in Leipzig, Germany. Father died when he was an infant, and his mother remarried. Educated under the influence of his stepfather, who was a writer and an artist. He studied Shakespeare and Homer and heard Beethoven s music

42 Richard Wagner ( ) Studied music at Leipzig University, but left before finishing his degree to take a job at a small opera house. For six years there, he learned about opera from the inside, both as a chorus director and as a conductor. He married an actress, Minna Planer, and composed his first operas

43 Richard Wagner ( ) Left Germany in debt, fleeing in the night to Paris with his wife. They were very poor; the Paris Opera wouldn t produce his opera, Rienzi. He made money selling his music. He composed another opera, The Flying Dutchman

44 Richard Wagner ( ) Then he heard that both Rienzi and The Flying Dutchman were going to be produced in Germany. These were a great success. At age 30, he was appointed court conductor in Dresden. Two more operas were composed: Tannhäuser (1845) and Lohengrin (1848). Librettos based on folk legend

45 Richard Wagner ( ) joined a failed coup against the monarchy; he had to leave Germany again. Settled with his wife in Zurich for 12 years. Some of his most important compositions were written there: Essay: The Art Work of the Future (1849) Book: Opera and Drama (1851)

46 Richard Wagner ( ) He called for a return to the artistic ideals of Greek antiquity in which poetry, drama, philosophy, and music could be combined into a single work of art. He believed music and words should be completely interwoven into a genre he called music drama

47 Richard Wagner ( ) Wagner was an anti-semite who wrote an anti-jewish essay and attacked the music of Jewish composers. He wrote the largest musical project of the entire Romantic period--his cycle of music dramas known as The Ring of the Nibelungs

48 The Ring of the Nibelungs Four long operas based on medieval German legend, involving gods and goddesses, dwarfs and giants, and human heroes. Four operas are: The Rhinegold, The Valkyries, Siegfried, and The Twilight of the Gods

49 The Ring of the Nibelungs Music and poetry were both written by Wagner. The work took > 25 yrs. to complete. Music describes and illuminates the poetry. Leitmotivs--musical phrases associated with objects, characters, events, thoughts, and feelings--added meaning to the text and offered psychological insights into the characters

50 Richard Wagner ( ) Wagner was not a faithful husband. He finally left Minna and married Cosima von Bülow. For 8 years he believed his operas wouldn t be produced, but then King Ludwig II of Bavaria stepped in. The King funded his every wish, including a new opera house in Bayreuth, where he could stage his operas

51 Wagner s Music His only important music was opera. The early operas, Rienzi and The Flying Dutchman, are typical of German Romantic opera--with grand scenes and separate recitatives and arias. His human characters, however, were symbolic of grand ideas

52 Wagner s Music By the later operas, Tannhäuser and Lohengrin, he had developed his poetic skills; he based his stories on ancient legends. In these operas, the individual arias, recitatives, and choruses were not as distinct in musical style, flowing with much more musical continuity

53 Wagner s Music In The Ring the music is absolutely continuous, and the orchestra carries the main musical content. The voices sing in arioso style-- halfway between speech-like recitative and lyrical aria, blending into the instrumental fabric

54 Wagner s Music The orchestra is central to all of Wagner s music. He enjoyed using the brass instruments. He even invented the Wagner tuba, a new musical instrument the sound of which covered the gap between the French horns and the trombones. The Ring uses four of these

55 Wagner s Music Wagner achieves musical continuity through the orchestra but also through the harmonies that he employs. Melts the end of one phrase into the beginning of the next, instead of having clear cadences. Since the music is so chromatic, it s hard to say what key it is in at any one point

56 Wagner s Music His music depends on the leitmotif--this was similar to Berlioz idée fixe (which represented the beloved) in the Symphonie fantastique. The leitmotif is different however because it can refer to things as well as people. He combines, interweaves, contrasts, and blends these in his music

57 Wagner s Music The orchestra is the central character of his music dramas. In his harmonic construction, he lays the groundwork for some of the ideas which came to fruition in the 20th century

58 The Nationalist Composers Wrote operas in their own native languages. Based operas and symphonic poems on stories from national folklore and on descriptions of native scenes of natural beauty. Often wove their own countries folk tunes into their compositions to give their music a distinct national identity

59 The Nationalist Composers: Russia Nationalism was first felt in Russia. Modest Mussorgsky ( ) Boris Godunov--based on a story by the Russian writer, Alexander Pushkin Pictures at an Exhibition--a series of pieces depicting paintings hanging in a gallery Night on Bald Mountain--a symphonic poem 10-59

60 The Nationalist Composers: Bohemia Now a region of the Czech Republic. Two principal composers of the 19th century were Bedrich Smetana ( ) and Antonin Dvorák

61 The Nationalist Composers: Bohemia Smetana Opera: The Bartered Bride-- based on Bohemian folklore. Symphonic poem: The Moldau-- describes a river across the Bohemian countryside

62 The Nationalist Composers: Bohemia Dvorák 9 Symphonies: 9th is called New World Symphony--most famous Combines American themes with Bohemian folk melodies. Hoped to inspire American composers to become nationalists. Cello Concerto Slavonic Dances for Orchestra 10-62

63 The Nationalist Composers: Moravia Now a region of the Czech Republic Foremost composer was Leos Janácek ( ). Collected authentic Moravian folk songs. Wrote 2 superb Czech operas and 2 fine string quartets, both in the 1920s

64 The Nationalist Composers: Scandinavia Norway: Edvard Grieg ( ) Peer Gynt Suite--written for the play by Henrik Ibsen. Denmark: Carl Nielsen ( ) Operas, symphonies, and string quartets 10-64

65 The Nationalist Composers: Scandinavia Finland--Jan Sibelius ( ) 7 superb symphonies A string quartet Symphonic poem, Finlandia--his most famous work Banned by the foreign rulers in Finland, but a big hit throughout the rest of Europe! 10-65

66 The Nationalist Composers: Spain Three main nationalist composers were: Enrique Granados ( ) Isaac Albéniz ( ) Manuel de Falla ( ) Granados and Albéniz wrote piano suites in lively Spanish rhythms with colorful melodies. De Falla is best known for Nights in the Gardens of Spain--a series of 3 pieces for piano and orchestra

67 The Nationalist Composers: France After the end of the Franco- Prussian War in 1871, a National Society for French Music was founded to encourage French composers. Two important composers were: Camille Saëns ( ) Gabriel Fauré ( )

68 The Nationalist Composers: France Camille Saëns Carnival of the Animals for chamber orchestra Symphony No. 3--a more serious work Gabriel Fauré Several exquisite French songs A series of 13 Nocturnes for piano A Requiem Mass 10-68

69 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) Although he wrote Russian operas and used Russian folk songs in his music, he was not as committed a nationalist as other composers of the day. Father was a Russian mining engineer. Mother was French

70 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) Had piano lessons as a child and did some composing. At age 14, after his mother died, he turned to music as a strong emotional outlet. Earned his living as a government clerk until age 19, but when the new St. Petersburg Music Conservatory was founded, he quit and enrolled full time

71 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) A year after graduating, he was appointed professor at the music conservatory in Moscow; after this he devoted his life to music. Although he was gay, he decided to get married in 1877, which led to a nervous breakdown and a suicide attempt. He gradually recovered and turned to music once more

72 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) Both the 4th Symphony and the opera, Eugene Onyegin, date from this time and reflect his intense emotional state. A wealthy widow named Madame von Meck decided to become his patron--as long as they never met. He resigned his teaching post and composed a great deal of music during the 13 years they corresponded

73 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) The relationship ended abruptly, but by then Tchaikovsky had a substantial income along with a life pension from the Russian czar. Some of the best known of his music was written in his later years. The Nutcracker Suite--a ballet 6th Symphony--called Pathétique 10-73

74 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ) Died of cholera in 1893, or that s the story. Some suggest he committed suicide because he feared being exposed as a gay man

75 Tchaikovsky s Music Highly emotional with a great range of expression. Ballets: The Nutcracker Suite Swan Lake Sleeping Beauty Operas Eugene Onyegn The Queen of Spades 10-75

76 Tchaikovsky s Music Instrumental Works Three piano concertos A violin concerto Very interested in instrumental colors, but his orchestras were never the huge size of some of the other composers. Examples: used a brass fanfare, paired clarinets, celesta, and the bass clarinet in some of his works

77 Tchaikovsky s Music A master of melody Wrote some tunes that became the basis for popular songs or soundtracks for movies

78 Late Romanticism Late 19th century changes: More democratic governments throughout Europe Free compulsory schooling with a more educated public Better working conditions for the people Movement known as Realism affected all of culture

79 Late Romanticism Major composers: Johannes Brahms ( ) Used the rigor of Classical and Baroque musical genres and forms but in Romantic style. Giacomo Puccini ( ) Wrote dramatic realist operas with acute psychological insight. Gustav Mahler ( ) Created a synthesis of song and symphony with a mood of resignation

80 Johannes Brahms ( ) Born in Hamburg, Germany. Father was an orchestral and band musician, and mother came from a wealthy family. Was a child prodigy at the piano. As a child he wrote pieces for his father s band. As a youth, he was exposed to Hungarian gypsy music

81 Johannes Brahms ( ) At age 20, he met Robert and Clara Schumann. Compared himself unfavorably with other great composers of the day. Took 20 years to publish his first symphony. Settled in Vienna where he played the piano and made a name for himself. He also worked in Vienna as a conductor

82 Johannes Brahms ( ) He was a quiet, reserved person who never married. Was seen as a symbol of conservatism and the leader of an anti-modern movement. Deliberately attempted to avoid modern genres such as the symphonic poem and the music drama. Preferred solo piano pieces, songs, choral works, chamber music, concertos, and symphonies

83 Johannes Brahms ( ) Last movement of his First Symphony makes a deliberate reference to Beethoven s Ninth. Last movement of his Fourth Symphony uses a Baroque form and is based on a theme by Bach. Had a life-long friendship with Clara Schumann and died from cancer just one year after she died of a stroke

84 Brahms Music Wrote highly original music in Classical and Baroque forms. Romantic songs follow those of Schubert and Schumann. Main themes are love, nature, and death. Most famous of these is Lullaby Op. 49, No 4 (sometimes called Brahms Lullaby ) 10-84

85 Brahms Music Wrote 4 symphonies--all of which are masterpieces. Also wrote a masterpiece Violin Concerto which compares favorably with those of Beethoven, Mendelssohn, and Tchaikovsky. His two piano concertos were written for himself to play

86 Brahms Music Orchestral works: Used an orchestra not much bigger than Beethoven s, avoiding the huge, showy sounds of Wagner and Liszt. Used thick orchestral textures, filling in the sound between treble and bass with many musical lines and doubling melodies in 3rds and 6ths

87 Brahms Music Orchestral works: Especially liked middle-range instruments like the clarinet, the viola, and the French horn. Chamber music: Wrote several works for piano and strings. Wrote some excellent string quartets. Also wrote two string quintets and two string sextets

88 Brahms Music Choral Works German Requiem--for soprano and baritone soloists, chorus, and orchestra Used texts from German Bible. Written for concert performance, not for a religious service

89 Brahms Music Innovative Composer in many ways: Rhythms are always complex and interesting with syncopation and offbeat accents. Often used mixed duple and triple meters. Phrases are often irregular, expanded or contracted from the 4 or 8-bar format. A master of variation; very little exact repetition in his music

90 Brahms: Fourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 in E Minor Orchestration: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, timpani, full string section Tempo: Allegro energico e passionato ( Fast, energetic, and passionate ) Meter: 3/4 Key: E Minor 10-90

91 Brahms: Fourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 in E Minor Based on a regularly repeating 8- measure harmonic progression. Form is called passacaglia--a Baroque variation form. Gives movement a clear, accessible form. Can be followed simply by counting measures. Progression is not repeated exactly each time, but is a point of departure for variation

92 Brahms: Fourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 in E Minor Variations range from pure harmonic chord progressions to various melodic ideas. Initial presentation of the theme is bold, strong, and direct. It is primarily harmonic in nature but also has a powerful melodic element. Consistently uses an 8-measure pattern, which holds the movement together

93 Brahms: Fourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 in E Minor Overall Form of the movement is ABA Coda: A = Theme, and Variations 1-11 B = Variations A = Variations Coda 10-93

94 Giacomo Puccini ( ) Greatest opera composer of the late 19th century Grew up in Lucca, near the coast of Italy. Came from a family of musicians. 4 generations of men were composers. At age 14, became the organist at Lucca, and worked melodies of opera arias into his playing

95 Giacomo Puccini ( ) At 18, he heard Verdi s Aida, and decided to become an opera composer. Went to Milan to study composition there. Played and sang portions of one of his own works at a party and was heard by the head of the largest publishing firm in Italy. The firm decided to publish and stage his opera

96 Giacomo Puccini ( ) After his first two early works, he decided to choose his own librettos. At 35, he produced the first of his great Romantic operas: Manon Lescaut, based on a French love story. It was an overnight success. Followed this with the great operas: La Bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), and Madama Butterfly (1904)

97 Giacomo Puccini ( ) All three of these operas are realist. La Bohème tells the story of poor students and artists living in Paris. Tosca contains scenes of attempted rape, murder, execution, and suicide. Madama Butterfly describes the death of a devoted Japanese geisha girl

98 Giacomo Puccini ( ) Last 2 operas: La fanciulla del West (The Girl of the Golden West, 1910) Staged at the Metropolitan Opera House in NYC. This is his American opera. Set in the Wild West with saloons, guns, and a manhunt

99 Giacomo Puccini ( ) Last 2 operas: Turandot--not quite finished when he died in A colleague completed the last 2 scenes. First performance given in 1926 at La Scala in Milan. Based on a Chinese folk tale. Puccini s death was honored with a national holiday in Italy

100 Puccini s Music Stirs the strongest emotions. Senses of timing, drama, and poignancy were perfect. Sets a scene or mood with just a few phrases of music. Melodies soar, and vocal lines are enhanced by the orchestra, especially the strings

101 Puccini s Music Wrote in fresh, modern harmonies. Used strong dissonances and unexpected chord progressions, which heightened the drama. Used unusual scales, such as pentatonic, to suggest an exotic locale

102 Puccini s Music Action is continuous with short orchestra phrases woven together under the sung dialogue. Little distinction between recitative and aria most of the time. In some operas, however, there are arias that are unforgettable

103 Puccini: Un bel di ( One Fine Day from Madama Butterfly Oriental customs and exotic scenery set the stage for the tragic plot of this opera. Benjamin Franklin Pinkerton (an American lieutenant) has rented a Japanese house and with it comes betrothal to Cio-Cio-San ( Butterfly, a young Japanese girl)

104 Puccini: Un bel di ( One Fine Day from Madama Butterfly Pinkerton treats the marriage as a casual affair, returns to America, and marries an American woman. When he brings his American wife to Japan 3 years later, the grief-stricken Cio-Cio-San commits suicide

105 Puccini: Un bel di ( One Fine Day from Madama Butterfly Un bel di comes at a time when Cio-Cio-San is trying to convince herself that her husband will return to her. It contains soaring melodies and Oriental sounds. Its form is Da Capo Aria: ABA. It contains doubling and tripling of the vocal line in the orchestra

106 Gustav Mahler ( ) The last of the great Romantic composers Combines Romantic song and Romantic symphony in a style of late Romanticism. Born in Bohemia of Jewish parents. Made his career in Germany. Gave his first public piano concert at age

107 Gustav Mahler ( ) Lived near a military base, and loved to hear the marching bands. Band music and marches are included in much of his music. Attracted to folk poetry and songs. As a student in Vienna he studied composition, history, and philosophy. For 20 years he made his living as a conductor, specializing in the works of Mozart, Beethoven, and Wagner

108 Gustav Mahler ( ) Composed during the summers when the concert season was over. Wrote his first 3 symphonies in this way. Wanted the prestigious position of music director of the Vienna Opera House, but he was Jewish and couldn t get it for that reason. So he had himself baptized a Catholic and was hired in Completed several large-scale compositions while he was there

109 Gustav Mahler ( ) fell in love with Alma Schindler and married her, but it was a troubled marriage because he was very autocratic. Had troubles at the Vienna Opera House because of his domineering ways, and in 1907 he resigned from his job daughter also died of scarlet fever

110 Gustav Mahler ( ) Mahler s heart condition was discovered he accepted two positions in New York: Music director of the Metropolitan Opera, and Conductor of the New York Philharmonic

111 Gustav Mahler ( ) He was superstitious and afraid to finish his 9th symphony because both Beethoven and Schubert died after completing 9 symphonies. Sure enough, he finished it and started working on the 10th when he died at the age of

112 Mahler s Music Tried to capture the whole world of nature, God, love and death, exaltation and despair. Had to invent new musical genres and forms. Most of his work is closely connected to song. 4 of his symphonies use voices and instruments. Song melodies find their way into instrumental compositions

113 Mahler s Music Wrote some important orchestral song cycles--in the place of piano accompaniment, Mahler uses the orchestra, hugely expanding the range of expressive possibilities. Used quite unorthodox harmony, with compositions that end in a different key from the one in which they began

114 Mahler s Music Some of his symphonies are longer than any previous ones, lasting 90 minutes or more. A brilliant and subtle orchestrator, he knew exactly the sound he wanted. Used enormous orchestras to achieve the widest possible range of tone colors. In the 3rd symphony he wrote a solo for the posthorn, an instrument used on mail coaches

115 Mahler s Music Most of his music is programmatic in some way. A sense of yearning fills his work- -feelings of impossible aims, losses, and the tragic undercurrent of human existence. His music is full of quotations from Wagner, Brahms, Mendelssohn, and Beethoven

116 Mahler: Fourth Movement Primeval Light in C Minor This symphony is called Resurrection. It is through-composed. Orchestration: alto voice, 2 piccolos, 3 flutes, 2 oboes, English horn, 3 clarinets, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 horns, 3 trumpets, glockenspiel, 2 harps, and strings

117 Mahler: Fourth Movement Primeval Light in C Minor Tempo: Sehr feierlich, aber schlicht ( Very ceremonial, but straightforward ) Meter: 4/4 Key: D# Major

118 Mahler: Fourth Movement Primeval Light in C Minor This symphony is huge, lasting nearly 90 minutes. It is in 5 movements. It traces a spiritual journey from death to resurrection, reminiscent of Beethoven s 5th Symphony. Idea is highlighted by his use of the same key (c minor) and ending in C Major

119 Mahler: Fourth Movement Primeval Light in C Minor Movement is an example of the blending of symphony and song. The setting of a song text, sung by a solo alto voice with the orchestra. Text s central message is, I am made by God and will return to God. Melodic phrase ascends and then descends

120 Mahler: Fourth Movement Primeval Light in C Minor Movement is an example of the blending of symphony and song. Instrumental music is quiet, stately, and richly orchestrated with striking key changes. Music gives words new and profound meaning beyond their own power of expression

121 Mid- to Late- Romantic Music: Summary New genres, such as the programmatic symphonic poem, became popular. Older genres, such as the symphony, were used for programmatic purposes. Operas used more continuous music with less distinction between recitative and aria-- called arioso style

Romantic Era Practice Test

Romantic Era Practice Test Name Date Part 1 Multiple Choice Romantic Era Practice Test 1) Romantic style flourished in music during the period A) 1600-1750 B) 1750-1820 C) 1820-1900 D) 1900-1950 2) Which of the following is not

More information

Introduction to Music

Introduction to Music Introduction to Music Review Romanticism In Music (1820 1900) Romantic Composers and their Public Art Song Franz Schubert Robert Schumann Clara Wieck Schumann Frédéric Chopin Polish born musician (1810

More information

The Classical Period (1825)

The Classical Period (1825) The Classical Period 1750-1820 (1825) 1 Historical Themes Industrial Revolution Age of Enlightenment Violent political and social upheaval Culture 2 Industrial Revolution Steam engine changed the nature

More information

Music of the Romantic Era. A. Gabriele

Music of the Romantic Era. A. Gabriele Music of the Romantic Era A. Gabriele Western Art Music Antiquity - 2000 B.C. to 400 A.D. Middle Ages - 400-1450 Renaissance - 1450-1600 Baroque - 1600-1750 Classical - 1750-1820 Romantic - 1820-1910 Historical

More information

Introduction to Music

Introduction to Music Introduction to Music Review Frédéric Chopin Franz Liszt Program Music Hector Berlioz Felix Mendelssohn Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Music National identity grew during the Romantic Nationalism in

More information

The Romantic Period

The Romantic Period The Romantic Period 1820-1900 The Romantic Period Time Line Monroe Doctrine 1823 Hugo: Hunchback of Notre Dame 1831 Dickens: Oliver Twist 1837 Dumas: The Three Musketeers 1844 Poe: The Raven 1845 Darwin:

More information

5th Grade Music Memory Maps 2017

5th Grade Music Memory Maps 2017 5th Grade Music Memory Maps 2017 Music Memory Listening Lists 5th Grade Listening List Variations on America by Charles Ives Take Five by Paul Desmond Shenandoah a Traditional American Folksong The Great

More information

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 28

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 28 20 9. Was nationality a natural phenomenon? Chapter 28 Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century 1. [678] TQ: What is nationalism? What are the other two isms? 10. When was Germany unified?

More information

Introduction to Music Chapter 6 - Romanticism in Music ( )

Introduction to Music Chapter 6 - Romanticism in Music ( ) Introduction to Music Chapter 6 - Romanticism in Music (1820-1900) Romanticism was a cultural movement that stressed emotion, imagination, and individualism. A romantic explored inner life and was drawn

More information

Chapter 18. Romantic Opera

Chapter 18. Romantic Opera Chapter 18 Romantic Opera Key Terms Recitative Aria Bel canto Music drama Gesamtkunstwerk Leitmotiv Romantic Opera 19th century a golden age for opera Tied into Romantic themes Transcendence of artistic

More information

Exam 2 MUS 101 (CSUDH) MUS4 (Chaffey) Dr. Mann Spring 2018 KEY

Exam 2 MUS 101 (CSUDH) MUS4 (Chaffey) Dr. Mann Spring 2018 KEY Provide the best possible answer to each question: Chapter 20: Voicing the Virgin: Cozzolani and Italian Baroque Sacred Music 1. Which of the following was a reason that a woman would join a convent during

More information

Concerto No. 1 in B-flat minor for Piano and Orchestra, op. 23 (1875)

Concerto No. 1 in B-flat minor for Piano and Orchestra, op. 23 (1875) Michael Stern, Music Director Nielsen (1865-1931) Overture to Maskarade (1906) Schoenberg (b. 1980) Finding Rothko (2006) I. Orange II. Yellow III. Red IV. Wine Dvořák (1841-1904) Concerto in B minor for

More information

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Eighth Edition, Chapter 28

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Eighth Edition, Chapter 28 20 Chapter 28 Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century 1. (685) TQ: What is nationalism? 9. When was Germany unified? Italy? What is Risorgimento (see p. 663)? 10. How did cultural nationalism

More information

Chamber Music. Guitar X NADAL: American Folk Songs for Guitar. 96pp. 9 x 12. $10.95

Chamber Music. Guitar X NADAL: American Folk Songs for Guitar. 96pp. 9 x 12. $10.95 Chamber Music 0-486-29901-5 SMETANA: String Quartets No. 1 ( From My Life ) & No. 2. Two frequently performed works. 96pp. 8 3/8 x 11 1/4. $8.95 0-486-41395-0 STRAVINSKY: Pribaoutki, Renard and Ragtime

More information

STUDENT SECTION Created by:

STUDENT SECTION Created by: 2015 DEBBIE PHILLIPS CLASSICAL CONCERTS FOR STUDENTS STUDENT SECTION Created by: Phoebe Lustig and Chris Stonnell GIOACCHINO ROSSINI Born: February 29, 1792 in Pesaro, Italy Died: November 13, 1868 in

More information

Bellwork Chapter 18 Vocabulary and Definitions

Bellwork Chapter 18 Vocabulary and Definitions Bellwork Chapter 18 Vocabulary and Definitions Chapter 18 Classical and Romantic 18.1 Music of the Classical Period Classical Period 1750-1825 Era of intellectual enlightenment Rise of a new Middle Class

More information

18 Name. Grout, Chapter 27 Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century. 9. When was Germany unified? Italy? What is Risorgimento?

18 Name. Grout, Chapter 27 Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century. 9. When was Germany unified? Italy? What is Risorgimento? 18 Name Grout, Chapter 27 Opera and Musical Theater in the Later Nineteenth Century 1. (679) TQ: What is nationalism? 9. When was Germany unified? Italy? What is Risorgimento? 10. How did cultural nationalism

More information

Western Classical Tradition. The concerto

Western Classical Tradition. The concerto Western Classical Tradition The concerto Classical! The word classical is often used in a general way to refer to any music that is not pop music! However, the term also has a more precise meaning, and

More information

TEXAS MUSIC TEACHERS ASSOCIATION Student Affiliate World of Music

TEXAS MUSIC TEACHERS ASSOCIATION Student Affiliate World of Music Identity Symbol TEXAS MUSIC TEACHERS ASSOCIATION Student Affiliate World of Music Grade 11 2012-13 Name School Grade Date 5 MUSIC ERAS: Match the correct period of music history to the dates below. (pg.42,43)

More information

13 Name. Grout, Chapter 17 Solo, Chamber, and Vocal Music in the Nineteenth Century. 10. What solution was found?

13 Name. Grout, Chapter 17 Solo, Chamber, and Vocal Music in the Nineteenth Century. 10. What solution was found? 13 Name Grout, Chapter 17 Solo, Chamber, and Vocal Music in the Nineteenth Century The Piano 1. (571) What improvements were made to the piano in the nineteenth century? 10. What solution was found? 11.

More information

SAMPLE TEST AND KEY (MUSIC SELECTIONS UPDATED EACH YEAR; THIS IS FROM )

SAMPLE TEST AND KEY (MUSIC SELECTIONS UPDATED EACH YEAR; THIS IS FROM ) A+ Music Memory Answer Sheet 7th & 8th Grade PILOT Contestant Number Score Composer Major Work Selection 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. A+ Music Memory 7th & 8th

More information

How to Write about Music: Vocabulary, Usages, and Conventions

How to Write about Music: Vocabulary, Usages, and Conventions How to Write about Music: Vocabulary, Usages, and Conventions Some Basic Performance Vocabulary Here are a few terms you will need to use in discussing musical performances; surprisingly, some of these

More information

Jury Examination Requirements

Jury Examination Requirements Jury Examination Requirements Composition Students are required to submit all works composed during the current academic year and will scored on productivity, creativity/originality, use of musical materials,

More information

Michael Haydn Born in Austria, Michael Haydn was the baby brother of the very famous composer Joseph Papa Haydn. With the loving support of

Michael Haydn Born in Austria, Michael Haydn was the baby brother of the very famous composer Joseph Papa Haydn. With the loving support of Michael Haydn 1737-1805 Born in Austria, Michael Haydn was the baby brother of the very famous composer Joseph Papa Haydn. With the loving support of his older brother, Michael became a great singer and

More information

Infernal Galop aka Can-Can (from Orpheus in the Underworld) Blue Danube Waltz

Infernal Galop aka Can-Can (from Orpheus in the Underworld) Blue Danube Waltz Infernal Galop aka Can-Can (from Orpheus in the Underworld) This was composed in 1858. It is a comedic opera, a parody of the earlier serious opera of Gluck, Orpheus and Eurydice. In the story an unhappily

More information

LISZT: Totentanz and Fantasy on Hungarian Folk Tunes for Piano and Orchestra: in Full Score. 96pp. 9 x 12. (Worldwide). $14.95.

LISZT: Totentanz and Fantasy on Hungarian Folk Tunes for Piano and Orchestra: in Full Score. 96pp. 9 x 12. (Worldwide). $14.95. Orchestral Header Copy Music 0-486-29532-X LALO: Symphonie Espagnole in Full Score. 176pp. 9 x 12. $12.95 0-486-43586-5 LISZT: Totentanz and Fantasy on Hungarian Folk Tunes for Piano and Orchestra: in

More information

SECTION A Aural Skills

SECTION A Aural Skills SECTION A Aural Skills The CD will play the examination questions for you. Listen carefully! 40 Marks 1. Six Intervals will now be played for you to identify them. You will hear each interval twice. Make

More information

Part V. The Romantic Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Part V. The Romantic Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part V The Romantic Period (1820-1900) Time-Line Monroe Doctrine 1823 Hugo: Hunchback of Notre Dame 1831 Dickens: Oliver Twist 1837 Dumas: The Three Musketeers 1844 Poe: The Raven 1845 Darwin: Origin of

More information

MUSIC FOR THE PIANO SESSION FOUR: THE PIANO IN VICTORIAN SOCIETY,

MUSIC FOR THE PIANO SESSION FOUR: THE PIANO IN VICTORIAN SOCIETY, MUSIC FOR THE PIANO SESSION FOUR: THE PIANO IN VICTORIAN SOCIETY, 1830-1860 As mentioned last week, today s class is the second of two on piano music written by the generation of composers after Beethoven.

More information

Chapter 13. The Symphony

Chapter 13. The Symphony Chapter 13 The Symphony!1 Key Terms symphony sonata form exposition first theme bridge second group second theme cadence theme development retransition recapitulation coda fragmentation theme

More information

Civic Orchestra Season Audition Repertoire. Note: Instruments marked with an * have only associate membership openings for the season.

Civic Orchestra Season Audition Repertoire. Note: Instruments marked with an * have only associate membership openings for the season. Civic Orchestra 2019-20 Season Audition Repertoire Note: Instruments marked with an * have only associate membership openings for the 19 20 season. VIOLIN Applicant s choice of ONE of the following: Mozart

More information

Western Classical Tradition. Music for voices: operas and songs

Western Classical Tradition. Music for voices: operas and songs Western Classical Tradition Music for voices: operas and songs Opera! An opera is a play set to music.! Like a play, it is acted and has scenery, costumes and characters, but the words are usually sung

More information

3. Berlioz Harold in Italy: movement III (for Unit 3: Developing Musical Understanding)

3. Berlioz Harold in Italy: movement III (for Unit 3: Developing Musical Understanding) 3. Berlioz Harold in Italy: movement III (for Unit 3: Developing Musical Understanding) Background information Biography Berlioz was born in 1803 in La Côte Saint-André, a small town between Lyon and Grenoble

More information

Chamber Music Traced through history.

Chamber Music Traced through history. Chamber Music Traced through history. Definition What is Chamber Music? Webster definition: instrumental ensemble music intended for performance in a private room or small auditorium and usually having

More information

The Classical Period

The Classical Period The Classical Period How to use this presentation Read through all the information on each page. When you see the loudspeaker icon click on it to hear a musical example of the concept described in the

More information

Easy Classical Flute Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Beethoven, Wagner, Handel And Other Composers By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE

Easy Classical Flute Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Beethoven, Wagner, Handel And Other Composers By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE Easy Classical Flute Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Beethoven, Wagner, Handel And Other Composers By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE A presentation of the Classical period of classical music, with its composers

More information

Audition Requirements for SEASON 2018

Audition Requirements for SEASON 2018 Audition Requirements for SEASON 2018 1. The Braddell Heights Symphony Orchestra (BHSO) is a community orchestra with mostly voluntary amateur musicians. In order to assigned limited number of positions

More information

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 32

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 32 29 Chapter 32 The Early Twentieth Century: The Classical Tradition 9. (783) Summarize the paragraph "Songs in the symphonies." 1. [778] What was the conundrum for modernist composers in the classical tradition?

More information

Prelude, Op. 28, No Raindrop Prelude Revolutionary Etude Clarke, Jeremiah Prince of Denmark s March

Prelude, Op. 28, No Raindrop Prelude Revolutionary Etude Clarke, Jeremiah Prince of Denmark s March Contents Bach, Johann Seastian Air on the G String... 6 Ave Maria.... Brandenurg Concerto No..... Jesu, Joy of Man s Desiring... 8 Prelude (Cello Suite No. ).... Sheep May Safely Graze.... 0 Toccata in

More information

Part IV. The Classical Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Part IV. The Classical Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part IV The Classical Period (1750-1820) Time-Line Seven Years War-1756-1763 Louis XVI in France-1774-1792 American Declaration of Independence-1776 French Revolution-1789 Napoleon: first French consul-1799

More information

Unit Outcome Assessment Standards 1.1 & 1.3

Unit Outcome Assessment Standards 1.1 & 1.3 Understanding Music Unit Outcome Assessment Standards 1.1 & 1.3 By the end of this unit you will be able to recognise and identify musical concepts and styles from The Classical Era. Learning Intention

More information

Substitute Excerpts 2017 Violin

Substitute Excerpts 2017 Violin Substitute Excerpts 2017 Violin Brahms Symphony No. 4, Mvt. 1 Opening to Rehearsal C, Mvt.4: m.33-m.80 Schumann, Symphony No. 2, Mvt. 2: Opening to m. 97 (no repeats) Mozart Symphony No. 41, Mvt. 4: mm

More information

Music in the Baroque Period ( )

Music in the Baroque Period ( ) Music in the Baroque Period (1600 1750) The Renaissance period ushered in the rebirth and rediscovery of the arts such as music, painting, sculpture, and poetry and also saw the beginning of some scientific

More information

18 Name. Grout, Chapter 19 European Music from the 1870s to World War I

18 Name. Grout, Chapter 19 European Music from the 1870s to World War I 18 Name Grout, Chapter 19 European Music from the 1870s to World War I 1. (631) What are the dates of World War I? Mahler s Symphonies 10. (633) What are the characteristics of Mahler's symphonies? The

More information

The Treble clef Letter names of the treble clef The Bass Clef Letter names of the notes in the Bass clef The Stave...

The Treble clef Letter names of the treble clef The Bass Clef Letter names of the notes in the Bass clef The Stave... 1 Contents The Treble clef... 3 Letter names of the treble clef... 3 The Bass Clef... 3 Letter names of the notes in the Bass clef... 3 The Stave... 4 Note values... 4 Families of Instruments... 5 Woodwind...

More information

Shchedrin "The Little Humpbacked Horse" ( ballet in 2 acts) Samson et Dalila (opera in three acts) (concert performance)

Shchedrin The Little Humpbacked Horse ( ballet in 2 acts) Samson et Dalila (opera in three acts) (concert performance) 01.06 01.06 11:30 II (New ) Rimsky-Korsakov "The Tale of Tsar Saltan, of His Son the Renowned and of the Beautiful Swan-Princess" (opera in a prologue and four acts) Shchedrin "The Little Humpbacked Horse"

More information

Music of the Classical Period

Music of the Classical Period Music of the Classical Period 1750 1825 A new style in architecture, literature, and the arts developed. Sought to emulate the ideals of Classical Antiquity, especially Classical Greece Called Classicism

More information

Mu 110: Introduction to Music

Mu 110: Introduction to Music Attendance/Reading Quiz! Mu 110: Introduction to Music Queensborough Community College Instructor: Dr. Alice Jones Spring 2018 Sections H2 (T 2:10-5), H3 (W 2:10-5), L3 (W 5:10-8) Recap Midterm optional

More information

Music Appreciation Final Exam Study Guide

Music Appreciation Final Exam Study Guide Music Appreciation Final Exam Study Guide Music = Sounds that are organized in time. Four Main Properties of Musical Sounds 1.) Pitch (the highness or lowness) 2.) Dynamics (loudness or softness) 3.) Timbre

More information

Kjos String Orchestra Grade 2 Full Conductor Score SO401F $7.00. Kathryn Griesinger. Hidden Passages. Neil A. Kjos Music Company Publisher

Kjos String Orchestra Grade 2 Full Conductor Score SO401F $7.00. Kathryn Griesinger. Hidden Passages. Neil A. Kjos Music Company Publisher Kjos String Orchestra Grade 2 Full Conductor Score F $7.00 Kathryn Griesinger SA M PL E Hidden Passages Neil A. Kjos Music Company Publisher 2 The Composer Kathryn Griesinger received her Bachelor of Fine

More information

ARCT History. Practice Paper 1

ARCT History. Practice Paper 1 1 of 8 Maximum Marks Your answers must be written in pencil in the space provided. Il faut que vous écriviez vos réponses au crayon dans l espace donné. Confirmation Number Total Marks 1. Identify the

More information

SPECIALISATION in Master of Music Professional performance with specialisation (4 terms, CP)

SPECIALISATION in Master of Music Professional performance with specialisation (4 terms, CP) University of Music Franz Liszt Weimar Special requirements for the audition SPECIALISATION in Master of Music Professional performance with specialisation (4 terms, 90 + 30 CP) Specialisation Early Music

More information

YOUNG ARTIST WORLD PIANO FESTIVAL

YOUNG ARTIST WORLD PIANO FESTIVAL 823 First Street South St. Cloud, MN 56301 (320) 255-0318 www.wirthcenter.org YOUNG ARTIST WORLD PIANO FESTIVAL Robert and Clara Schumann Quiz 1. What are Robert Schumann s birth and death dates? 2. During

More information

Musical styles. Russian period (Primitivism) Neo-classicism (up to about 1950) Serialism

Musical styles. Russian period (Primitivism) Neo-classicism (up to about 1950) Serialism Stravinsky The son of a leading bass at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg Studied with Rimsky-Korsakov (1902-8) Also influenced by Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Glazunov and (from 1907-8) Debussy and Dukas.

More information

Bauer Bodoni Originally designed by Giambattista Bodoni in 1767 recreated by Heinrich Jost in 1926

Bauer Bodoni Originally designed by Giambattista Bodoni in 1767 recreated by Heinrich Jost in 1926 Bauer Bodoni Originally designed by Giambattista Bodoni in 1767 recreated by Heinrich Jost in 1926 created by may yang in december 2005. text from wikipedia. classical roots of romanticism (1780-1815)

More information

BINGO. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards.

BINGO. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards. BINGO Copy information cards onto cardstock paper, or glue them on to 3x5 cards. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards. Supply beans

More information

Romantic is a term used to describe the music and art that was created from about 1810 to 1900.

Romantic is a term used to describe the music and art that was created from about 1810 to 1900. 1810-1900 Romantic is a term used to describe the music and art that was created from about 1810 to 1900. Romantic composers aimed to express more emotion in their music and looked for a greater freedom

More information

Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2

Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2 Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co. 1712 Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2 FRANZ SCHUBERT BY THOMAS TAPPER The story Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart by Thomas Tapper

More information

PYSO LIVE AUDITION REPERTOIRE 2018 (As of January 2018)

PYSO LIVE AUDITION REPERTOIRE 2018 (As of January 2018) PYSO LIVE AUDITION REPERTOIRE 2018 (As of January 2018) VIOLIN 1. Mendelssohn Midsummer Night s Dream Scherzo Beginning to Letter C 2. Brahms Symphony No. 1, Mvt 4 M. 92 to M. 136 3. Strauss Don Juan First

More information

NOTES ON BASIC REPERTOIRE

NOTES ON BASIC REPERTOIRE NOTES ON BASIC REPERTOIRE WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791) Single pieces you may find: Eine Kliene Nachtmusic (for string orchestra), the Clarinet Quintet in A, Piano Concertos - (any you may have).

More information

Bite-Sized Music Lessons

Bite-Sized Music Lessons Bite-Sized Music Lessons A series of F-10 music lessons for implementation in the classroom Conditions of use These Materials are freely available for download and educational use. These resources were

More information

PYSO AUDITION REPERTOIRE 2018 (As of January 2018) VIOLIN

PYSO AUDITION REPERTOIRE 2018 (As of January 2018) VIOLIN VIOLIN 1. Mendelssohn Midsummer Night s Dream Scherzo Beginning to Letter C 2. Brahms Symphony No. 1, Mvt 4 M. 92 to M. 136 1. Mendelssohn Midsummer Night s Dream Scherzo Beginning to Letter C 2. Brahms

More information

rhinegold education: subject to endorsement by ocr Beethoven: Symphony No. 3 in Eb, Op. 55, Eroica, first movement

rhinegold education: subject to endorsement by ocr Beethoven: Symphony No. 3 in Eb, Op. 55, Eroica, first movement 80 AS/A LEVEL MUSIC STUDY GUIDE Mozart: Symphony No. 41 in C, K. 551 Jupiter Composed in 1788 in Vienna It is not known if the symphony was performed in Mozart s lifetime it was not published until after

More information

Audition Packet

Audition Packet Audition Packet 2018 2019 GeorgiaYouthSymphony.org Dear Musician, Welcome to the GYSO 2018 2019 auditions! We re excited to have you be a part of the GYSO family for the upcoming season. Enclosed in this

More information

Approved Audition Material

Approved Audition Material Approved Audition Material Concertmaster (all levels) movement from a solo partita or sonata and a Rimsky-Korsakov Scheherezade (all the concertmaster solos) St. Matthew Passion - #51 Arie (Gebt mir meinem

More information

Dvořák Symphony No. 8 PRESENTATION BY DANIEL SMITH

Dvořák Symphony No. 8 PRESENTATION BY DANIEL SMITH Dvořák Symphony No. 8 PRESENTATION BY DANIEL SMITH Antonín Leopold Dvořák Pronnciation by native Czech speaker Lived 1841 1904 1857-9 Organ School First pblication at age 20 Played Viola 1873 married Anna

More information

Music Semester in Greece Spring 2018 Course Listing January 29 June 1, 2018 Application Deadline: October 16, 2017.

Music Semester in Greece Spring 2018 Course Listing January 29 June 1, 2018 Application Deadline: October 16, 2017. Music Semester in Greece Spring 2018 Course Listing January 29 June 1, 2018 Application Deadline: October 16, 2017 Arrival day: January 29, 2018 University Orientation: January 30 February 2, 2018 Classes

More information

LISTENING GUIDE. p) serve to increase the intensity and drive. The overall effect is one of great power and compression.

LISTENING GUIDE. p) serve to increase the intensity and drive. The overall effect is one of great power and compression. LISTENING GUIDE LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770 1827) Symphony No. 5 in C Minor Date of composition: 1807 8 Orchestration: two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two horns, two trumpets, timpani, strings Duration:

More information

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MUSC. 1 MUSIC P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH This question paper consists of 18 pages and 1 page of manuscript paper.

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MUSC. 1 MUSIC P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH This question paper consists of 18 pages and 1 page of manuscript paper. NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MUSC. 1 MUSIC P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2010 CENTRE NUMBER: EXAMINATION NUMBER: MARKS: 120 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 18 pages and 1 page of manuscript paper.

More information

Trumpets. Clarinets Bassoons

Trumpets. Clarinets Bassoons LISTENING GUIDE RTÓK (1943) One of artók s last works, the was premiered by the oston Symphony Orchestra at Symphony Hall on December 1, 1944. The score was a commission from Serge Koussevitsky, the orchestra

More information

(edited 11/19/2012) Civic Orchestra of Chicago Audition Repertoire VIOLIN. First movement of a major concerto Exposition

(edited 11/19/2012) Civic Orchestra of Chicago Audition Repertoire VIOLIN. First movement of a major concerto Exposition Civic Orchestra of Chicago Audition Repertoire VIOLIN First movement of a major concerto Exposition Excerpts: BEETHOVEN: Symphony No. 3 Eroica (1 st Violin) -Scherzo beginning to m. 170 BEETHOVEN: Symphony

More information

Audition Packet

Audition Packet Audition Packet 2017 2018 GeorgiaYouthSymphony.org Dear Musician, Welcome to the GYSO 2017 2018 auditions! We re excited to have you be a part of the GYSO family for the upcoming season. Enclosed in this

More information

The Classical and Romantic Periods

The Classical and Romantic Periods The Classical and Romantic Periods Classical / Romantic Music Influence Kill da Wabbit!! From Wagner s Ring Cycle Disney s Fantasia Disney s Sorcerer's Apprentice Mozart s Blue Rondo Alla Turk Classical

More information

Preface: People have created music for centuries, but it wasn t until the fourteenth century that music began to be notated, or written down.

Preface: People have created music for centuries, but it wasn t until the fourteenth century that music began to be notated, or written down. COMPOSERS OBJECTIVE: Students will identify roles of a composer as well as identify famous composers by incorporating little known facts. MATERIALS: Composer information sheet and matching student activity

More information

Easy Classical Cello Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky And Others. By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE

Easy Classical Cello Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky And Others. By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE Easy Classical Cello Solos: Featuring Music Of Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky And Others. By Javier Marcó READ ONLINE It's the instrument that inspired solo masterpieces from Bach to Bartók,. Mozart,

More information

2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS

2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS 2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS LIVE AUDITIONS WILL TAKE PLACE IN NEW YORK CITY AS FOLLOWS: Monday, March 5, 2018, 9 AM 8 PM at Carnegie Hall Tuesday, March 6, 2018, 9 AM 8 PM at Carnegie Hall Wednesday,

More information

Level performance examination descriptions

Level performance examination descriptions Unofficial translation from the original Finnish document Level performance examination descriptions LEVEL PERFORMANCE EXAMINATION DESCRIPTIONS Accordion, kantele, guitar, piano and organ... 6 Accordion...

More information

Part V. The Romantic Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Part V. The Romantic Period ( ) McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part V The Romantic Period (1820-1900) 2006 The Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Time-Line Monroe Doctrine 1823 Hugo: Hunchback of Notre Dame 1831 Dickens: Oliver Twist 1837 Dumas: The Three Musketeers

More information

MUSIC HISTORY Please do not write on this exam.

MUSIC HISTORY Please do not write on this exam. MUSIC HISTORY Please do not write on this exam. 1. Which of the following characterize Baroque music? a. Music based on Gregorian Chant b. The figured bass (Basso continuo) (the writing out of the bass

More information

GCSE MUSIC REVISION GUIDE

GCSE MUSIC REVISION GUIDE GCSE MUSIC REVISION GUIDE J Williams: Main title/rebel blockade runner (from the soundtrack to Star Wars: Episode IV: A New Hope) (for component 3: Appraising) Background information and performance circumstances

More information

3 against 2. Acciaccatura. Added 6th. Augmentation. Basso continuo

3 against 2. Acciaccatura. Added 6th. Augmentation. Basso continuo 3 against 2 Acciaccatura One line of music may be playing quavers in groups of two whilst at the same time another line of music will be playing triplets. Other note values can be similarly used. An ornament

More information

GRADUATE PLACEMENT EXAMINATIONS - COMPOSITION

GRADUATE PLACEMENT EXAMINATIONS - COMPOSITION McGILL UNIVERSITY SCHULICH SCHOOL OF MUSIC GRADUATE PLACEMENT EXAMINATIONS - COMPOSITION All students beginning graduate studies in Composition, Music Education, Music Technology and Theory are required

More information

Seasoned American symphony-goers would probably find it easy to rattle off the names

Seasoned American symphony-goers would probably find it easy to rattle off the names Prelude to Oedipus Tyrannus John Knowles Paine (1839 1906) Written: 1880 81 Movements: One Style: Romantic Duration: Eight minutes Seasoned American symphony-goers would probably find it easy to rattle

More information

Piano Concerto No. 2 in F Minor, Op. 21

Piano Concerto No. 2 in F Minor, Op. 21 The Chopin piano concertos are simply beautiful to hear, whether from a seat in the audience or from a seat on the stage. I especially love the second movement of the Piano Concerto No. 2 and always wish

More information

Music 111: Music Appreciation 1

Music 111: Music Appreciation 1 Music 111: Music Appreciation 1 Course Information: Los Angeles Pierce College January 2 to February 4, 2018 Section 14921 3 units Canvas online Instructor: Jon Titmus E-mail: titmusjg@piercecollege.edu

More information

2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS

2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS 2018 ENSEMBLE CONNECT LIVE AUDITIONS LIVE AUDITIONS WILL TAKE PLACE IN NEW YORK CITY AS FOLLOWS: Monday, March 5, 2018, 9 AM 8 PM: WOODWINDS Tuesday, March 6, 2018, 9 AM 8 PM: WOODWINDS, BRASS, and PERCUSSION

More information

Kindergarten: Peer Gynt- Grieg Babes in Toyland- Herbert The King and I- Rodgers Carnival of the Animals- Saint Säens. 1 st Grade

Kindergarten: Peer Gynt- Grieg Babes in Toyland- Herbert The King and I- Rodgers Carnival of the Animals- Saint Säens. 1 st Grade 2016-17 Classroom Music Curriculum Scope and Sequence Kindergarten: Musical Elements Tuneful Singing Beat Motions High vs Low Pitch Slow vs Fast Tempi Loud vs Soft Dynamics Short vs Long durations Smooth

More information

of musical means, and conduct it toward a solution that corresponds apprehensively to that of

of musical means, and conduct it toward a solution that corresponds apprehensively to that of Overture to Tannhäuser Richard Wagner (1813 1883) Written: 1845 Movements: One Duration: Fourteen minutes An opera overture must encompass the general spirit of the action without the misuse of musical

More information

NEW HAMPSHIRE TECHNICAL INSTITUTE

NEW HAMPSHIRE TECHNICAL INSTITUTE NEW HAMPSHIRE TECHNICAL INSTITUTE Title: FA105 Introduction to Music Credit Hours: Total Contact Hours: 3 Instructor: Susan K. Kinne skinne@ccsnh.edu Course Syllabus Course Description Introduction to

More information

Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2

Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2 Philadelphia Theodore Presser Co. 1712 Chestnut Str. Copyright, 1915, by Theodore Presser Co. Printed in the U.S.A. Page 2 FREDERIC FRANÇOIS CHOPIN BY THOMAS TAPPER The story Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart by

More information

CHAPTER 1 ANTONIN DVORAK S SERENADE IN D MINOR, OP. 44, B.77. Czech composer, Antonin Dvořák is well known for his orchestral repertoire.

CHAPTER 1 ANTONIN DVORAK S SERENADE IN D MINOR, OP. 44, B.77. Czech composer, Antonin Dvořák is well known for his orchestral repertoire. 1 CHAPTER 1 ANTONIN DVORAK S SERENADE IN D MINOR, OP. 44, B.77 Czech composer, Antonin Dvořák is well known for his orchestral repertoire. His works encompass a variety of genres including, but not limited

More information

MUSIC FOR THE PIANO SESSION TWO: FROM FORTEPIANO TO PIANOFORTE,

MUSIC FOR THE PIANO SESSION TWO: FROM FORTEPIANO TO PIANOFORTE, MUSIC FOR THE PIANO The cover illustration for our second session is a photograph of Beethoven s own Érard fortepiano, built in 1803 in Paris. This is the instrument for which the Waldstein sonata and

More information

Bela Bartok ( ). Sonata for Violin and Piano

Bela Bartok ( ). Sonata for Violin and Piano Richard Strauss (1864-1949). Piano op.18 Sonata for Violin and Richard Strauss wrote only five instrumental chamber works: a sonata for violin, for cello, for piano, a string quartet, and a piano quartet.

More information

Sgoil Lionacleit. Advanced Higher Music Revision

Sgoil Lionacleit. Advanced Higher Music Revision Sgoil Lionacleit Advanced Higher Music Revision Useful links: http://www.dunblanehsmusic.co.uk/sqa-past-papers.html http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/nqmusic/advancedhigher/allconcepts.as p HIGHER http://files.snacktools.com/iframes/files.edu.flipsnack.com/iframe/embed.html?hash=fzk52nj1&wmode=opaque&forcewidget=1&t=1457730457

More information

The History of Opera. Brief History of Opera

The History of Opera. Brief History of Opera The History of Opera Please read the article, A Brief History of Opera, and write down the main topic of each paragraph. Write down any words that you do not know the definition of. When you are finished

More information

! " # " $ % & ' ( ) ' * + & &, -. + /0 1$2&3 4& 5 /!, 1$63 4.5

!  #  $ % & ' ( ) ' * + & &, -. + /0 1$2&3 4& 5 /!, 1$63 4.5 ! " # " $ % & ' ( ) ' * + & &, -. + /0 1$2&3 4& 5 /!, 1$63 4.5 70 " $ &8"3!$ 9:+ # ;8 &) ) 22

More information

Contents. Answer Key...21

Contents. Answer Key...21 Contents Page 3 Beat Maze...3 4 Beat Maze...4 Composer Timeline Maze 1...5 Composer Timeline Maze 2...6 Create-a-Maze: Notespeller Maze...7 Instrument Family Maze...8 Matching Maze 1: Orchestral Instruments...9

More information

Chapter 14. Other Classical Genres

Chapter 14. Other Classical Genres Chapter 14 Other Classical Genres Key Terms Sonata Fortepiano Rondo Classical concerto Double-exposition form Orchestra exposition Solo exposition Cadenza String quartet Chamber music Opera buffa Ensemble

More information

BINGO. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards.

BINGO. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards. BINGO Copy information cards onto cardstock paper, or glue them on to 3x5 cards. Divide class into three teams and the members of each team with one of the three versions of the Bingo boards. Supply beans

More information

Introduction to Music

Introduction to Music Introduction to Music Review Music in Baroque Society Fugue Baroque Dance Concerto Grosso and Ritornello Form Opera an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (called

More information