Tinnitus in Children: Association With Stress and Trait Anxiety
|
|
- Emil Richard
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Laryngoscope VC 2012 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc. Tinnitus in Children: Association With Stress and Trait Anxiety Young Ho Kim, MD, PhD; Hahn Jin Jung, MD; Seong Il Kang, MD; Kyung Tae Park, MD; Jung-Seok Choi, MD, PhD; Seung-Ha Oh, MD, PhD; Sun O Chang, MD, PhD Objectives/Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between tinnitus and stress factors including anxiety in elementary school students. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in 940 students aged from 10 to 12 years. Data on 928 students were collected. The questionnaire comprised 96 questions that were classified into six categories: subjects symptoms, stress factors, State Anxiety (transitory emotional condition characterized by feeling of tension and apprehension) Inventory for Children (SAIC), Trait Anxiety (general tendency to respond with anxiety to environmental threat) Inventory for Children (TAIC), visual analog scale of tinnitus, and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Results: Four hundred thirty-five students (46.9%) had experienced tinnitus more than once, and 41 (4.4%) suffered from it continuously. Self-perception of hearing loss, dizziness, headache, and concerns about obesity had significant differences between tinnitus and nontinnitus groups, whereas other stress factors did not show any difference. TAIC scores showed statistically significant differences according to the frequency of tinnitus in children experiencing tinnitus, whereas SAIC scores did not. Annoyance, influence on daily life, disturbance of sleep, and study by tinnitus and THI scores showed significant differences according to the frequency of tinnitus. Conclusions: The present study confirms that many children are aware of tinnitus and that they may be susceptible to stressful environments. In particular, trait anxiety may be associated with tinnitus. Because both tinnitus and anxiety can affect the daily lives and health of children as with adults a detailed strategy for the management of tinnitus in children should be established. Key Words: Tinnitus, children, trait anxiety, stress. Level of Evidence: 3a Laryngoscope, 122: , 2012 INTRODUCTION Tinnitus in children is likely to be neglected in the clinical setting, because people in this age group rarely complain about the symptom to their parents spontaneously and report tinnitus infrequently when visiting ear clinics. In addition, there is little information regarding the characteristics of tinnitus in children, although some studies report tinnitus prevalence in children. 1 7 From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Y.H.K., H.J.J., S.I.K., K.T.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (J.-S.C.), Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul National University, Boramae Medical Center; and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center (S.-H.O., S.O.C.), Seoul, South Korea. Editor s Note: This Manuscript was accepted for publication May 11, Presented at the 1st Congress of the Confederation of European Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Barcelona, Spain, July 2 6, This study was supported by a clinical research grant provided by Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. Send correspondence to Young Ho Kim, MD, PhD, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul National University, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea 39, Boramae-Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul , Korea. yhkiment@gmail.com DOI: /lary It is known that the incidence of tinnitus in children is high, although they make complaints of tinnitus only infrequently; children may be more likely to consider tinnitus a normal event than adults and could forget their tinnitus more easily because of external distractions. 4,8,9 Furthermore, there is no definitive way to differentiate between simple perception of tinnitus in children and any annoyance they may experience because of the symptom. Some recent studies suggest that anxiety disorder might be a predisposing factor for tinnitus in children. 3,10 Although tinnitus in children seems to have an anxiety characteristic similar to that seen with tinnitus in adults, active diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are needed. This is because tinnitus in children may cause more serious sequelae than in adults; these include difficulties in concentration and learning, sleep and behavioral disturbances, and emotional distress. Anxiety can display various forms of manifestation, and it is classified into two types: state and trait anxiety. Spielberger developed the State Trait Anxiety Inventory for children and defined state and trait anxiety as follows. 11 State anxiety means a transitory emotional state or condition characterized by subjective, consciously perceived feelings of tension and apprehension. Trait anxiety is a general tendency to respond with anxiety to perceived threats in the environment and shows 2279
2 relatively stable individual differences in anxiety proneness. That is, state anxiety is the anxiety condition we experience when something induces us to feel appropriately and temporarily anxious, whereas trait anxiety is the previously set anxiety experienced by an individual who has a tendency to be more anxious and react less appropriately to stimuli, finally being a characteristic of the personality. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional analysis on the prevalence of tinnitus in elementary school children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use questionnaire results to demonstrate the association of state and trait anxiety with tinnitus in children. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between anxiety and tinnitus by comparing anxiety levels between two groups of children with and without the experience of tinnitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects The cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in an elementary school in Seoul, Korea. The study included 940 students, aged 10 to 12 years. From an initial pool of 940 elementary school children, 928 were enrolled in this study; 12 questionnaires with incomplete answers were excluded. The demographics of enrolled children are summarized in Table I. The study group comprised 494 boys and 434 girls. The mean age of the sample was years, and the range was 10 to 12 years. This study was approved by the institutional review board of Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center (permit No ). Materials and Measures Before the survey, brief lectures on hearing and tinnitus were given in the classroom during school hours. Subjects symptoms, stress factors, characteristics of tinnitus, and anxiety/tinnitus tests examined in this survey are summarized in Table II. The questionnaire comprised 96 questions (55 questions for all students and an additional 41 questions including the conventional 25-question Tinnitus Handicap Inventory [THI] for those with tinnitus). Among these questions, six categories listed in Table II were used for the analysis of tinnitus: subjects symptoms (hearing loss, dizziness, and headache), stress factors (obesity, exercise, sleep, schoolwork, socioeconomic status, and experience of menstruation in girls), State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC), Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (TAIC), visual analog scale of tinnitus, and THI. 11,12 All students were asked to choose one among always, sometimes, or Parameter TABLE I. Demographics of Enrolled Subjects. Value Total No. 928 Age, yr Mean Range Sex, No. Male 494 Female 434 TABLE II. Items of Subjects Symptoms, Stress Factors, Characteristics of Tinnitus, and Anxiety/Tinnitus Tests. Questionnaire Items Questions as factors (nine items) Subjects symptoms Hearing loss Dizziness Headache Stress factors Concern about obesity Lack of exercise Sleep pattern Loading of schoolwork Socioeconomic status Experience of menstruation (in girls) Questions for characteristics of tinnitus Laterality Pitch Noise types Triggers Treatment history *Six categories for the analysis. Subjects symptoms, Stress factors, State Anxiety Inventory for Children, Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Visual analog scale for tinnitus, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. never if they have tinnitus. Among them, subjects who experienced tinnitus always or sometimes were classified into the tinnitus group and the others who never felt tinnitus into the nontinnitus group. All subjects were also asked to choose one among always, sometimes, or never regarding whether they have symptoms such as dizziness or headache. Both SAIC and TAIC scores in each boys and girls group were investigated among the total number of children. Both SAIC and TAIC scores between boys and girls were compared in each tinnitus and nontinnitus group. Using a visual analog scale, two parameters annoyance of tinnitus and its influence on daily life were used to investigate how many children with tinnitus feel it as distressing and how much they experience the inconvenience in their daily life. The two parameters were compared between children experiencing tinnitus always and sometimes. To report tinnitus as troublesome, the parameters were displayed on the visual scale from 0 to 10, with 10 being the worst. We analyzed these factors according to the presence of tinnitus, frequency of tinnitus, and sex. Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 16.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The data were analyzed for the entire group, the tinnitus group, and the nontinnitus group according to each factor assessed in the study questionnaires. The differences between tinnitus and nontinnitus groups were verified by Pearson v 2 test, linear by linear test, and Student t test. P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Characteristics of tinnitus and analysis outcomes between tinnitus and subjects symptoms/stress factors/ activities are listed in Table III. 2280
3 TABLE III. Characteristics of Tinnitus and Analysis Outcomes Between Tinnitus and Subjects Symptoms/Stress Factors/Activities. Parameter Value Total No. 928 Frequency of tinnitus Tinnitus more than once 435/928 (46.9%) Tinnitus always 41/928 (4.4%) Tinnitus treatment history 11/435 (2.5%) Prevalence of tinnitus according to gender Boys 43.4% Girls 51.3% (P ¼.016*) Tinnitus in self-perception 62.3% (P ¼.02*) group of hearing loss Tinnitus in dizziness group 60.4% (P <.01*) Tinnitus in headache group 56.2% (P <.01*) Stress factors for tinnitus Concern about obesity 52.9% (P <.01*) Lack of exercise P ¼.356 Sleep pattern P ¼.963 Loading of schoolwork P ¼.075 Socioeconomic status P ¼.259 Experience of P ¼.81 menstruation (in girls) Tinnitus Laterality Bilateral (30.6%), ND (28.3%) Pitch Middle frequency (36.0%) Noise types Buzzing (34.0%), machinery (32.4%) Triggers Quiet (30.8%), stress (21.8%) Annoyance and frequency VAS 3.59 (P ¼.002*) of tinnitus Influence on daily life and VAS 2.54 (P ¼.002*) frequency of tinnitus Sleep disturbance and 43.6% (P ¼.001*) frequency of tinnitus Learning disturbance and 41.0% (P ¼.007*) frequency of tinnitus *Statistically significant. ND ¼ nondefinite; VAS ¼ visual analog scale. Characteristics of Tinnitus in the Entire Cohort of Subjects Four hundred thirty-five children had experienced tinnitus more than once (46.9%), and 41 always experienced the symptom (4.4%). Only 11 children (2.5%) among subjects who had experienced tinnitus had ever visited clinics. The most commonly involved locations of tinnitus (in descending order) were bilateral ears (30.6%), nondefinite cases (28.3%), right ear (17.3%), head (16.8%), and left ear (7.0%). For the pitch of tinnitus, the largest group answered that it was in the middle frequency (36.0%), followed by high frequency, nondefinite cases, and low frequency. In most cases, the type of noise was a buzzing sound (34.0%) or machinery noise (32.4%). Tinnitus was mainly triggered in a quiet environment (30.8%), followed by stressful conditions (21.8%), and nondefinite cases (19.4%). Analysis Between Tinnitus and Nontinnitus Groups Self-perception of hearing loss was reported in 54 children (5.8%), and 62.3% of children in this group had tinnitus. This contrasts with a tinnitus figure of 45.9% among the 868 children (93.5%) who reported no self-perception of hearing loss, and this difference was statistically significant (P ¼.02, v 2 test, score ¼ 4.75, df ¼ 1). Complaints of dizziness and headaches in the tinnitus group were also significantly higher (dizziness: 60.4% vs. 32.6%, P <.01, linear by linear test, score ¼ 12.13, df ¼ 2; headache: 56.2% vs. 38.6%, P <.01, linear by linear test, score ¼ 30.10, df ¼ 2, for tinnitus vs. nontinnitus group, respectively). Concerns about obesity were significantly correlated with the prevalence of tinnitus. The prevalence of tinnitus in children with concern about obesity was 52.9%, whereas that in children without this worry was 41.0% (P <.01, chi square test, score ¼ 13.08, df ¼ 1). However, other variables such as lack of exercise, sleep pattern, loading of schoolwork, and socioeconomic status did not show any significance (P ¼.356, P ¼.963, P ¼.075, and P ¼.259, respectively, linear by linear test). In addition, girls experiencing menstruation were not found to have a higher prevalence of tinnitus than girls with no menstruation (50% vs. 51.2%, respectively; P ¼.81, v 2 test, score ¼ 0.05, df ¼ 1). Average SAIC and TAIC scores in all enrolled subjects were within the normal range, and average SAIC scores were not significantly different between the tinnitus and nontinnitus groups (P ¼.38, Student t test). However, average TAIC score in the tinnitus group was significantly higher compared to that of the nontinnitus group (P <.01, Student t test; Fig. 1A). Analysis Between the Two Groups According to the Frequency of Tinnitus Children who always experienced tinnitus had more dizziness than those who sometimes experienced tinnitus (82% vs. 65%, P ¼.001, linear by linear test, score ¼ 10.89, df ¼ 1). The frequency of headache in those who always felt tinnitus was higher, showing a significant difference compared to that of the group that sometimes experienced tinnitus (76% vs. 52%, P ¼.00, linear by linear test, score ¼ 14.22, df ¼ 1), but there were no significant differences in other variables, including perception of hearing loss, concern about obesity, lack of exercise, sleep pattern, loading of schoolwork, and socioeconomic status (P ¼.33, P ¼.32, P ¼.19, P ¼.36, P ¼.15, and P ¼.25, respectively, linear by linear test). Annoyance and influence on daily life of tinnitus showed significantly higher visual analog scales in those who always compared to those who sometimes experienced tinnitus (annoyance: 3.59 vs. 1.8, influence on daily life: 2.54 vs. 1.19, both P ¼.002, Student t test). When dividing the frequency of tinnitus into two groups, always and sometimes/never, the prevalence of sleep and learning disturbance was significantly higher when tinnitus was always present (sleep disturbance: 43.6% vs. 21.4%, P ¼.001, linear by linear test, score ¼ 10.12, df ¼ 1; learning disturbance: 41.0% vs. 30.7%, P ¼.007, linear by linear test, score ¼ 7.39, df ¼ 1). The proportion of 2281
4 was statistically significant (P ¼.016, v 2 test, score ¼ 5.777, df ¼ 1). Among the total number of children, girls had statistically higher TAIC scores than boys (31.46 vs , respectively, P ¼.015, Student t test); however, there was no significant difference for SAIC and TAIC scores between boys and girls in each tinnitus and nontinnitus group. Fig. 1. Comparison of State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC)/ Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (TAIC) scores and the presence of tinnitus/frequency of tinnitus. (A) TAIC scores in children with tinnitus revealed significantly higher scores compared to those of children without tinnitus (P <.01, Student t test). (B) There was a significant difference between SAIC and TAIC scores according to the frequency of tinnitus (P <.01, analysis of variance test). children with mild to severe tinnitus measured by THI was significantly higher when tinnitus was always present compared with when tinnitus was sometimes present (46.2% vs. 17.4%; P <.01, linear by linear test, score ¼ 26.62, df ¼ 1). Analysis Among Three Subgroups in the Tinnitus Group According to the Frequency of Tinnitus Comparative analysis among three subgroups in the tinnitus group according to the frequency of tinnitus (never, sometimes, and always groups) was performed, and there was a significant difference in TAIC scores according to the frequency of tinnitus (P <.01, analysis of variance test; Fig. 1B). By Tukey post hoc analysis, significance was found among each group (always: 38.48; sometimes: 33.12; never: 29.39). There was also a significant difference in THI scores according to the frequency of tinnitus (P <.01, linear by linear test; Fig. 2). Analysis Between Boys and Girls Regarding Prevalence of Tinnitus and Anxiety Scores The prevalence of tinnitus was higher among girls (51.3%) than among boys (43.4%), and this difference 2282 DISCUSSION Tinnitus in children is no longer rare. However, because children rarely complain of their tinnitus, serious attention should be paid to this issue. In addition, as in adult patients with tinnitus, the physician should exclude conditions such as head trauma, retrocochlear tumor, emotional problems, somatosensory disorder, sensory perception disorder, and metabolic or circulatory disorder to make an appropriate diagnosis of tinnitus in children. In particular, evaluations for affective disorders such as stress, anxiety, or depression need to be performed in children with tinnitus. There are several reasons why tinnitus in children should be considered more important than the same symptom in adults. Children are developing their learning and behavioral patterns, as well as their cognitive and psychological attributes, and tinnitus may affect these factors inappropriately. 13 Furthermore, when children suffer from hearing loss associated with tinnitus and this problem is neglected, they may experience a higher risk of learning or behavioral problems. Finally, although the definite mechanism regarding occurrence of tinnitus is yet to be elucidated, any differences in this main mechanism between children and adults could be another important issue. The percentage of children reporting tinnitus has fluctuated in previous studies, and the presence of hearing impairment plays a large role in these variations. The prevalence of tinnitus in children reported in previous studies ranges from 12% to 29% in children with normal hearing and from 7% to 66% in children with a hearing impairment. 2 4,6,7,13 The present study did not screen hearing impairment of subjects by audiological Fig. 2. The proportion of Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) grades between two groups according to frequency of tinnitus. This figure shows that children experiencing tinnitus always tend to have worse THI grades. The proportion of mild to severe grades was significantly different between the two groups (P <.01, linear by linear test).
5 evaluation, but used questionnaires for hearing loss, which may lead to a tinnitus prevalence higher than those in previous studies. However, differences in study settings and tinnitus cases not related to hearing impairment should be considered. It is also difficult to determine who should be enrolled in tinnitus studies, as there are questions concerning how often or how loudly subjects should experience the symptom before they are included. Thus, the prevalence of tinnitus found in any given study may be influenced by the inclusion criteria used by the authors. Young children as subjects of a questionnaire study may produce incomplete or unreliable answers. The present study enrolled children aged 10 to 12 years, which is in line with a suggestion made in a previous study that tinnitus measurement in children <8 years of age is beset with problems of nonreproducibility. 8 The author of that report also has stated that the age distribution of children with tinnitus increased >10 years of age. However, children may require parental help to complete questionnaires if future studies wish to obtain more accurate information regarding tinnitus in children. The present study showed a significantly higher prevalence of tinnitus in girls. This finding has also been reported in other studies. 14,15 When considering the age of girls enrolled in this study, we assumed that stress about menarche might be a factor of the higher prevalence of tinnitus in girls. Therefore, the difference between tinnitus and presence of menstruation was investigated, but no relevance was found. Some authors suggested that tinnitus was related to anxiety and depression, and noted that girls showed more signs of anxiety disorders than boys. 3,14 Likewise, the present study investigated the difference of anxiety according to tinnitus in children. Although girls had statistically higher TAIC scores than boys among the total subjects, SAIC and TAIC scores between boys and girls according to the presence of tinnitus showed no significant differences. As a result, a higher anxiety index in girls with tinnitus was not seen in this study. TAIC scores were significantly higher in subjects who reported more frequent tinnitus than in subjects who reported less frequent tinnitus. Our finding that trait anxiety rather than state anxiety increases in children with tinnitus may be important in terms of the advance of tinnitus developed in childhood, because trait anxiety is not temporary and can finally influence a characteristic of the personality. The prevalence of children experiencing tinnitus at all times was 4.4%; however, this study did not classify children into normal-hearing and hearing-impaired groups; thus, whether very troublesome tinnitus is associated with hearing impairment remains to be elucidated. In this study, only 2.5% of children who reported tinnitus had sought help in clinics, which may mean that children seldom complain of tinnitus spontaneously to their parents or that their complaints are not taken seriously by adults, as a previous study suggested. 16 Our results has a similarity with one study showing that only 3% of 403 children with tinnitus complained spontaneously. 7 This study also showed that tinnitus in children may be related to concerns about obesity. Future better-designed studies are needed to evaluate stress factors for tinnitus and their influence on daily life, sleep, and schoolwork. One of the limitations of this study may be a lack of audiometric assessment. However, we did not aim to investigate the association between tinnitus and objective hearing loss. One study has reported that the most common finding associated with tinnitus in children was progressive hearing loss. 6 In contrast, some authors have suggested that the degree of hearing loss in children with tinnitus played only a minor role in the severity of tinnitus, similar to the findings in adults. 3,10 In the present study, the inclusion of children with hearing loss may have increased the prevalence of tinnitus when comparing outcomes of other studies that excluded subjects with hearing impairment. Another limitation of this study may be a lack of detailed information on noise exposure; we presumed children aged 10 to 12 years would have limited noise exposure, and this study did not include this issue. However, people could now be exposed to potential acoustic trauma at an increasingly young age, given the rise of karaoke for children and portable music players. Therefore, the relationship between tinnitus and noise exposure should be evaluated using assessment of auditory functions as mentioned above. Finally, this study focused on anxiety instead of depression in relation to comorbidity with tinnitus, because there was insufficient time to collect enough data for the two affective disorders in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. In addition, the frequency of depressive symptoms in the general pediatric population is not likely to be high, and even if they are present, such symptoms can be associated with a large variety of other psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, or personality disorders. However, further study on the relationship between tinnitus and depression in children may be helpful for a greater understanding of the pathophysiologic aspects of tinnitus in children. To date, there is no specific guideline or consensus regarding treatment or management of tinnitus in children. Almost all medications for treatment of tinnitus are off label in children younger than 12 years. However, study needs to be done on the application of pharmacological (e.g., antidepressant or anxiolytic agents) and psychotherapeutic (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy or tinnitus retraining therapy [TRT]) strategies for children with tinnitus. There were few reports on the treatment of tinnitus in children. 22,23 Therefore, there is a need for more clinical and basic research on diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus in children. In particular, the importance of counseling for control of stress, anxiety, or depression as well as audiometric screening and auditory rehabilitation should be emphasized for the proper management of tinnitus in children. One recent preliminary study suggests the application of TRT comprising sound therapy and counseling for children with troublesome tinnitus. 23 The authors report that 48 (81.4%) of 59 children showed a significant improvement after 6 months of 2283
6 treatment. This therapeutic strategy for tinnitus in children may be helpful in preventing or minimizing the potential damage of tinnitus as one of the affective disorders. However, the long counseling period involved generally at least 18 months may decrease patient compliance, especially in young children. In addition, because approximately half of all children with troublesome tinnitus demonstrate normal hearing, they may need other treatments such as medication and/or psychological counseling besides TRT using sound therapy or auditory rehabilitation using hearing aids. CONCLUSION In summary, the present study suggests that tinnitus in children has a considerable influence on their levels of stress and anxiety. Individualized treatment strategies with parental involvement may be helpful in overcoming this problem. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Mills RP, Albert DM, Brain CE. Tinnitus in childhood. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1986;11: Aksoy S, Akdogan O, Gedikli Y, et al. The extent and levels of tinnitus in children of central Ankara. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007;71: Holgers KM, Juul J. The suffering of tinnitus in childhood and adolescence. Int J Audiol 2006;45: Nodar RH, Lezak MHW. Paediatric tinnitus: a thesis revisited. J Laryngol Otol 1984;(suppl 9): Graham JM. Tinnitus in children with hearing loss. Ciba Found Symp 1981;85: Aust G. Tinnitus in childhood. Int Tinnitus J 2002;8: Mills RP, Cherry JR. Subjective tinnitus in children with ontological disorders. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1984;7: Savastano M. Characteristics of tinnitus in children. Eur J Pediatr 2007; 166: Viani LG. Tinnitus in children with hearing loss. J Laryngol Otol 1989; 103: Kentish RC, Crocker SR, McKenna L. Children s experience of tinnitus: a preliminary survey of children presenting to a psychology department. Br J Audiol 2000;34: Spielberger DC. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press; Cho SC, Choi JS. Development of Korean version of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Seoul J Psychiatry 1989;14: Graham J, Butler J. Tinnitus in children. Proceedings, Second International Tinnitus Seminar. J Laryngol Otol Suppl 1984;9: Holgers KM, Svedlund C. Tinnitus in childhood. J Psychosom 2003;55: Coelho CB, Sanchez TG, Tyler RS. Tinnitus in children and associated risk factors. Prog Brain Res 2007;166: Baguley DM, McFerran DJ. Tinnitus in childhood. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999;49: Breton JJ, Bergeron L, Valla JP, et al. Quebec child mental health survey: prevalence of DSM-III-R mental health disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1999;40: Sugawara M, Kitamura T, Toda MA, Shima S. Longitudinal relationship between maternal depression and infant temperament in a Japanese population. J Clin Psychol 1999;55: Briggs-Gowan MJ, Horwitz SM, Schwab-Stone ME, Leventhal JM, Leaf PJ. Mental health in pediatric settings: distribution of disorders and factors related to service use. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000; 39: Costello EJ, Mustillo S, Erkanli A, Keeler G, Angold A. Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60: Ford T, Goodman R, Meltzer H. The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42: Fritsch MH, Wynne MK, Matt BH, Smith WL, Smith CM. Objective tinnitus in children. Otol Neurotol 2001;22: Bartnik G, Stepien A, Raj-Koziak D, Fabijanska A, Niedzialek I, Skarzynski H. Troublesome tinnitus in children: epidemiology, audiological profile, and preliminary results of treatment. Int J Pediatr 2012;2012:
Clinical Study Troublesome Tinnitus in Children: Epidemiology, Audiological Profile, and Preliminary Results of Treatment
International Pediatrics Volume 2012, Article ID 945356, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/945356 Clinical Study Troublesome Tinnitus in Children: Epidemiology, Audiological Profile, and Preliminary Results of
More information한국어번역판 Tinnitus Handicap Inventory 의신뢰도및타당도연구
KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2002;45:328-34 한국어번역판 Tinnitus Handicap Inventory 의신뢰도및타당도연구 김지혜 1 이소영 1 김창훈 2 임승락 1 신준호 2 정원호 2 유범희 1 홍성화 2 Reliability and Validity of a Korean Adaptation of the Tinnitus
More informationEvaluation of Anxiety and Depressive Levels in Tinnitus Patients
online ML Comm ORIGINAL ARTICLE Korean J Audiol 2013;17:83-89 pissn 2092-9862 / eissn 2093-3797 http://dx.doi.org/10.7874/kja.2013.17.2.83 Evaluation of Anxiety and Depressive Levels in Tinnitus Patients
More informationPreface. system has put emphasis on neuroscience, both in studies and in the treatment of tinnitus.
Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) has many forms, and the severity of tinnitus ranges widely from being a slight nuisance to affecting a person s daily life. How loud the tinnitus is perceived does not directly
More informationUniversity of Groningen. Tinnitus Bartels, Hilke
University of Groningen Tinnitus Bartels, Hilke IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below.
More informationChapter 6 Epidemiology of Tinnitus in Children
Chapter 6 Epidemiology of Tinnitus in Children Claudia Barros Coelho Keypoints Abbreviations 1. Children experience tinnitus and might present similar suffering as observed in adults but they rarely mention
More informationTinnitus Treatment in a VA Setting
Tinnitus Treatment in a VA Setting 2006 AVAA Meeting Judy Abrahamson, MA, FAAA Central TX Veterans Health Care System Tinnitus Treatment at CTVHCS March 2003 Training at Emory March 2003 Staff In-Service
More informationCritical Review: Is there evidence to support that hearing aids benefit adults in the reduction of tinnitus perception?
Critical Review: Is there evidence to support that hearing aids benefit adults in the reduction of tinnitus perception? Lam, H. M.Cl.Sc (AUD.) Candidate The University of Western Ontario: School of Communication
More informationMental Health Status, PHQ9 Scores and Tinnitus-Related Distress
Mental Health Status, PHQ9 Scores and Tinnitus-Related Distress Steven L. Benton, Au.D. VA Medical Center 1670 Clairmont Road Decatur GA 30033 Email: steve.benton@va.gov Paper presented at the Department
More informationMental Health Status and Perceived Tinnitus Severity
Mental Health Status and Perceived Tinnitus Severity Steven L. Benton, Au.D. VA M edical Center D ecatur, GA 30033 steve.benton@va.gov Background: Relevance Veterans Benefits Administration (2012): Tinnitus
More informationUniversity of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research. Peer reviewed version. Link to published version (if available): /
Humphriss, R. L., Hall, A. J., & Baguley, D. M. (2016). Prevalence and characteristics of spontaneous tinnitus in 11 year old children. International Journal of Audiology, 55(3), 142-148. https://doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1120890
More informationAdequacy of the Simplified Version of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI-S) to Measure Tinnitus Handicap and Relevant Distress
online ML Comm ORIGINAL ARTICLE Korean J Audiol 2014;18(1):19-27 pissn 2092-9862 / eissn 2093-3797 http://dx.doi.org/10.7874/kja.2014.18.1.19 Adequacy of the Simplified Version of the Tinnitus Handicap
More informationThe Effect of Social Support on Quality of Life for Tinnitus Sufferers
ORIGINAL ARTICLE DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20120031 International Tinnitus Journal. 2012;17(2):173-9. The Effect of Social Support on Quality of Life for Tinnitus Sufferers Colleen Eliza Murphy 1 Abstract
More informationFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) The following Q&A was prepared by Posit Science. 1. What is Tinnitus?
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) The following Q&A was prepared by Posit Science 1. What is Tinnitus? Tinnitus is a medical condition where a person hears "ringing in their ears"
More informationWIDEXPRESS A COMPILATION OF WIDEX ZEN THERAPY EVIDENCE INTRODUCTION APRIL ISSUE NO. 37. Relaxation. Fractal tones (ZEN)
A COMPILATION OF WIDEX ZEN THERAPY EVIDENCE BY DITTE BALSLEV, M.A. IN SPEECH AND HEARING SCIENCES AUDIOLOGICAL AFFAIRS SPECIALIST INTRODUCTION Approximately 15% of the world population experiences tinnitus
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE Result Analysis of Tinnitus Handicap Inventory in 60 Patients with Chronic Tinnitus
Int. Adv. Otol. 2010; 6:(2) 183-187 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Result Analysis of Tinnitus Handicap Inventory in 60 Patients with Chronic Tinnitus Xiangli Zeng, Jintian Cen, Zhicheng Li, Peng Li, Shufang Wang, Gehua
More informationPsychological wellbeing in professional orchestral musicians in Australia
International Symposium on Performance Science ISBN 978-2-9601378-0-4 The Author 2013, Published by the AEC All rights reserved Psychological wellbeing in professional orchestral musicians in Australia
More informationPsychological Therapy for People with Tinnitus: A Scoping Review of Treatment Components
Psychological Therapy for People with Tinnitus: A Scoping Review of Treatment Components Background: Tinnitus is associated with depression and anxiety disorders, severely and adversely affecting the quality
More informationWed. June 20th 2pm 4pm SR 208, #6 Monroe, NY OPEN TO THE PUBLIC AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FREE PLEASE RSVP AS SPACE IS LIMITED
WHAT IT IS & HOW TO TREAT IT Tinnitus that annoying noise in your ears. it can be treated you do not have to suffer anymore. OPEN TO THE PUBLIC AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FREE PLEASE RSVP AS SPACE IS
More informationTinnitus: How an Audiologist Can Help
Tinnitus: How an Audiologist Can Help Tinnitus: How an Audiologist Can Help 2 Tinnitus affects millions According to the American Tinnitus Association (ATA), tinnitus affects approximately 50 million Americans
More informationWZT intake questionnaire
WZT intake questionnaire Name: Age: Date: Work 1. Are you employed? # of hours/week 2. What is your occupation? 3. Are you satisfied? 4. If t employed, is your unemployment due to tinnitus? Tinnitus characterization
More informationSUMMARY OF CLINICAL EFFICACY DATA
SUMMARY OF CLINICAL EFFICACY DATA Summary of Clinical Efficacy Data The initial demonstration of Neuromonics clinical efficacy is documented in four published papers in peer reviewed medical journals
More informationSTREAMLINE TINNITUS TREATMENT IN YOUR BUSY PRACTICE: TINNITUS CONCERN QUESTIONNAIRE
STREAMLINE TINNITUS TREATMENT IN YOUR BUSY PRACTICE: TINNITUS CONCERN QUESTIONNAIRE Tricia Scaglione, AuD, FAAA, CCC-A, Board Certified in Audiology University of Miami Hospital, Tinnitus Practitioners
More informationTREATMENT OF TINNITUS
TREATMENT OF TINNITUS Non-Discrimination Statement and Multi-Language Interpreter Services information are located at the end of this document. Coverage for services, procedures, medical devices and drugs
More informationA multi-disciplined approach to tinnitus research. Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit Kathryn Fackrell
A multi-disciplined approach to tinnitus research Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit Kathryn Fackrell 10/06/2014 NIHR Innovative approach Intention Basic research Creation Adoption Commissioning
More informationWIDEX ZEN THERAPY. Introduction
WIDEX ZEN THERAPY Introduction WIDEX TINNITUS COUNSELLING 2 WHAT IS WIDEX ZEN THERAPY? Widex Zen Therapy provides systematic guidelines for tinnitus management by hearing care professionals, using Widex
More informationWelcome to the Tinnitus & Hyperacusis Group Education Session
Welcome to the Tinnitus & Hyperacusis Group Education Session Richard Tyler, Ph.D., Audiologist University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Group session 1 Overview Introductions Discuss hearing, hearing
More informationShort scientific report STSM at the Tinnitus Center in Rome (Italy)
Short scientific report STSM at the Tinnitus Center in Rome (Italy) TINNET COST Action (BM1306) STSM - Multidisciplinary Approach To Diagnose and Treat Subtypes of Tinnitus WG 1 Clinical: Establishment
More informationSmall-Group Counseling in a Modified Tinnitus Retraining Therapy for Chronic Tinnitus
Original Article Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol., No. : -, December 0 http://dx.doi.org/0./ceo.0... pissn 9-0 eissn 00-00 Small-Group Counseling in a Modified Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
More informationUNDERSTANDING TINNITUS AND TINNITUS TREATMENTS
UNDERSTANDING TINNITUS AND TINNITUS TREATMENTS What is Tinnitus? Tinnitus is a hearing condition often described as a chronic ringing, hissing or buzzing in the ears. In almost all cases this is a subjective
More informationFor Patient. Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ) Subject Number: Date:
Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ) For Patient Subject Number: 2014-045- Date: This questionnaire is designed to find out what sort of effects tinnitus has had on your lifestyle, general wellbeing,
More informationPEER REVIEW HISTORY ARTICLE DETAILS TITLE (PROVISIONAL)
PEER REVIEW HISTORY BMJ Open publishes all reviews undertaken for accepted manuscripts. Reviewers are asked to complete a checklist review form (http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/resources/checklist.pdf)
More informationMaster of Arts in Psychology Program The Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences offers the Master of Arts degree in Psychology.
Master of Arts Programs in the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences Admission Requirements to the Education and Psychology Graduate Program The applicant must satisfy the standards for admission into
More informationJust the Key Points, Please
Just the Key Points, Please Karen Dodson Office of Faculty Affairs, School of Medicine Who Am I? Editorial Manager of JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery (American Medical Association The JAMA Network)
More informationKatie Rhodes, Ph.D., LCSW Learn to Feel Better
Katie Rhodes, Ph.D., LCSW Learn to Feel Better www.katierhodes.net Important Points about Tinnitus What happens in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Neurotherapy How these complimentary approaches
More informationAUDIOLOGY CONSULTANTS, P.C.
Initial Tinnitus Questionnaire Patient Name: DOB: Date: Reason for today s appointment: Allergies to any medications, plastics, etc.? Current medications: Ear Health History Have you been exposed to loud
More informationTinnitus Retraining Therapy
Tinnitus Retraining Therapy Implementing the Neurophysiological Model Tinnitus and oversensitivity to sound are common, and hitherto incurable, distressing conditions that affect about 17% of the population.
More informationGuideline scope Tinnitus: assessment and management
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE Guideline scope Tinnitus: assessment and management The Department of Health and Socal Care in England has asked NICE to develop guidance on assessment
More informationThe relationship between tinnitus, neuroticism and measures of mental health in a large UK population aged 40 to 69 years
NIHR Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit The relationship between tinnitus, neuroticism and measures of mental health in a large UK population aged 40 to 69 years Abby McCormack, Mark Edmondson-Jones,
More informationTherapeutic Sound for Tinnitus Management: Subjective Helpfulness Ratings. VA M e d i c a l C e n t e r D e c a t u r, G A
Therapeutic Sound for Tinnitus Management: Subjective Helpfulness Ratings Steven Benton, Au.D. VA M e d i c a l C e n t e r D e c a t u r, G A 3 0 0 3 3 The Neurophysiological Model According to Jastreboff
More informationManaging Chronic Tinnitus As Phantom Auditory Pain http://www.digicare.org/managing%20tinnitus.htm Robert L. Folmer, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland,
More informationWelcome to the University of Arizona Clinic for Adult Hearing Disorders
Welcome to the University of Arizona Clinic for Adult Hearing Disorders We look forward to seeing you during your upcoming appointment. At that time, we will have: a comprehensive discussion about your
More informationEffect of sense of Humour on Positive Capacities: An Empirical Inquiry into Psychological Aspects
Global Journal of Finance and Management. ISSN 0975-6477 Volume 6, Number 4 (2014), pp. 385-390 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Effect of sense of Humour on Positive Capacities:
More informationPhysicians Hearing Services Welcomes You!
Physicians Hearing Services Welcomes You! Signia GmbH 2015/RESTRICTED USE Signia GmbH is a trademark licensee of Siemens AG Tinnitus Definition (Tinnitus is the) perception of a sound in the ears or in
More informationCharacteristics and Management of Childhood Tinnitus in a Developing Country
ORIGINAL PAPER DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20180011 International Tinnitus Journal. 2018;22(1):66-71. Characteristics and Management of Childhood Tinnitus in a Developing Country Waheed Atilade Adegbiji 1 Gabriel
More informationCBT for tinnitus: research and clinical practice
CBT for tinnitus: research and clinical practice Gerhard Andersson, professor Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning www.gerhardandersson.se What is CBT? Basic principles Evidence Internet treatment
More informationUC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works
UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title Relationships Between Tinnitus and the Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w0820m9 Journal LARYNGOSCOPE,
More informationChapter 2 Tinnitus Treatment as a Problem Area
Chapter 2 Tinnitus Treatment as a Problem Area Abstract This chapter presents the decision problem area which will be supported with a recommender system technology, that is, tinnitus diagnosis and treatment.
More informationTinnitus Intake Form
Tinnitus Intake Form NAME: AGE: DATE: / / REFERRED BY: DAYTIME PHONE: HOME PHONE: When did you first experience tinnitus? How long have you had tinnitus in its present form? years months Briefly describe
More informationThe effectiveness of hypnotherapy in the treatment of subjective tinnitus
Audiol. 2012;21(4):60-67. Research Article The effectiveness of hypnotherapy in the treatment of subjective tinnitus Shirin Moghtaderi 1, Seyed-Mahmoud Mirzamani 2, Hadi Bahrami 1 1 - Department of Psychology,
More informationTinnitus stakeholder scoping workshop: notes from breakout group discussions Date: 31/10/17
Groups that will be covered Adults (18 and older), young people and children with suspected or confirmed tinnitus. No specific subgroups of people have been identified as needing specific consideration.
More informationResound TS: An Innovative Tinnitus Sound Generator Device to Assist in Tinnitus Management
Resound TS: An Innovative Tinnitus Sound Generator Device to Assist in Tinnitus Management Michael Piskosz, M.S., Board Certified in Audiology Snehal Kulkarni, Au.D. Tinnitus is a concern for many people,
More informationHEARING SOLUTIONS JAN 2013 MONTHLY MEETING TINNITUS PRESENTED BY DR KUPPERMAN
HEARING SOLUTIONS JAN 2013 MONTHLY MEETING TINNITUS PRESENTED BY DR KUPPERMAN Before recently moving to Sun City and becoming a valuable asset to the Hearing Solutions SIG Dr. Kupperman, known as Jerry
More informationTITLE: Tinnitus Retraining Therapy: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness
TITLE: Tinnitus Retraining Therapy: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness DATE: 17 March 2010 CONTEXT AND POLICY ISSUES: Tinnitus is defined as the conscious perception of sound in the absence of external
More informationAbstract REVIEW PAPER DOI: / Peter Ahnblad. International Tinnitus Journal. 2018;22(1):72-76.
REVIEW PAPER DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20180012 International Tinnitus Journal. 2018;22(1):72-76. A Review of a Steady State Coherent Bio-modulator for Tinnitus Relief and Summary of Efficiency and Safety
More informationClinical Counseling Psychology Courses Descriptions
Clinical Counseling Psychology Courses Descriptions PSY 500: Abnormal Psychology Summer/Fall Doerfler, 3 credits This course provides a comprehensive overview of the main forms of emotional disorder, with
More informationThis article was downloaded by: [The University of Iowa] On: 2 December 2008 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 785026721] Publisher Informa Healthcare Informa Ltd Registered in England
More informationPLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE
This article was downloaded by: [The University of Iowa] On: 2 December 2008 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 785026721] Publisher Informa Healthcare Informa Ltd Registered in England
More informationGender and Chronic Tinnitus: Differences in Tinnitus-Related Distress Depend on Age and Duration of Tinnitus
Gender and Chronic Tinnitus: Differences in Tinnitus-Related Distress Depend on Age and Duration of Tinnitus Claudia Seydel, Heidemarie Haupt, Heidi Olze, Agnieszka J. Szczepek, and Birgit Mazurek Objective:
More informationClient centred sound therapy selection: Tinnitus assessment into practice. G D Searchfield
Client centred sound therapy selection: Tinnitus assessment into practice G D Searchfield Definitions Sound (or Acoustic) therapy is a generic term used to describe the use of sound to have a postive effect
More informationManaging Tinnitus. Information for patients, relatives and carers. Caring with pride
Managing Tinnitus Information for patients, relatives and carers For more information, please contact: Christy Davidson, Senior Audiologist York and Selby Tel: 01904 726741 Alex Trousdale, Senior Audiologist
More informationTransadaptation and Standardization of Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire in Hindi
ORIGINAL PAPER DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20180004 International Tinnitus Journal. 2018;22(1):23-29. Transadaptation and Standardization of Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire in Hindi Chandramala Shaurya
More informationKOL Call: Keyzilen Tinnitus Program
KOL Call: Keyzilen Tinnitus Program March 5, 2018 NASDAQ: EARS Forward-Looking Statements This presentation and the accompanying oral commentary may contain statements that constitute forward-looking statements
More informationESTABLISHING THE PREVALENCE AND SEVERITY OF TINNITUS AMONG SINGAPOREAN ELDERLY POPULATION
ESTABLISHING THE PREVALENCE AND SEVERITY OF TINNITUS AMONG SINGAPOREAN ELDERLY POPULATION Presented By: Png Shermaine (E0012338) Supervisor: Dr. Jennifer Ellery Martin Co-supervisor: Prof. William Hal
More informationAuthor's response to reviews
Author's response to reviews Title: The Tinnitus Research Initiative (TRI) database: A new approach for delineation of tinnitus subtypes and generation of predictors for treatment outcome Authors: Michael
More informationGender Differences Affecting Psychiatric Distress and Tinnitus Severity
Original Article https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2019.17.1.113 pissn 1738-1088 / eissn 2093-4327 Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2019;17(1):113-120 Copyrightc 2019, Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology
More informationEMPLOYMENT SERVICE. Professional Service Editorial Board Journal of Audiology & Otology. Journal of Music and Human Behavior
Kyung Myun Lee, Ph.D. Curriculum Vitae Assistant Professor School of Humanities and Social Sciences KAIST South Korea Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daehak-ro 291 Yuseong, Daejeon,
More informationMEDICAL POLICY SUBJECT: TREATMENT OF TINNITUS. POLICY NUMBER: CATEGORY: Technology Assessment
MEDICAL POLICY SUBJECT: TREATMENT OF TINNITUS CATEGORY: Technology Assessment PAGE: 1 OF: 5 If a product excludes coverage for a service, it is not covered, and medical policy criteria do not apply. If
More informationTonaki Tinnitus Protocol Review
Tonaki Tinnitus Protocol Review Perhaps some of us are not very much aware of what tinnitus is. Tinnitus is regarded as a type of symptom of an underlying condition which may be linked to hearing impairment,
More informationCurrent Trends in the Treatment and Management of Tinnitus
Current Trends in the Treatment and Management of Tinnitus Jenny Smith, M.Ed, Dip Aud Audiological Consultant Better Hearing Australia ( Vic) What is tinnitus? Tinnitus is a ringing or buzzing noise in
More informationTranslation, Validity, and Reliability of a Persian Version of the Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire
Original Article Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Vol.26(2), Serial No.75, Apr 2014 Translation, Validity, and Reliability of a Persian Version of the Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire Homa Arian
More informationEDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY (ED PSY)
Educational Psychology (ED PSY) 1 EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY (ED PSY) ED PSY 100 Learning Skills Laboratory 2 cr. Undergraduate. Not open to jr & sr st except as auditors. Last Taught: Spring 2016, Fall 2015,
More informationCorrelation of severity of tinnitus with severity of anxiety and depression in adults in a tertiary care hospital at Bhuj, Gujarat, India
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Khilnani AK et al. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Jul;4(4):1044-1048 http://www.ijorl.com pissn 2454-5929 eissn 2454-5937
More informationBeltone Tinnitus Breaker Pro: Breaking the tinnitus cycle. Snehal Kulkarni, Au.D. Michael Piskosz, M.S.
Beltone Tinnitus Breaker Pro: Breaking the tinnitus cycle Snehal Kulkarni, Au.D. Michael Piskosz, M.S. Beltone Tinnitus Breaker Pro: Breaking the tinnitus cycle Beltone Tinnitus Breaker Pro: Breaking the
More informationAlthough group therapy for tinnitus is a well documented
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(1):102-6. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Group Therapy for Patients with Tinnitus at the University of Brasilia Medical School Lisiane Holdefer 1, Carlos Augusto C. P. de Oliveira 2,
More informationRandomized Controlled Trial of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Distress Associated With Tinnitus
Randomized Controlled Trial of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Distress Associated With Tinnitus GERHARD ANDERSSON, PHD, TRYGGVE STRÖMGREN, MSC, LARS STRÖM, MSC, AND LEIF LYTTKENS, MD, PHD
More informationPractice Differentiation Through Tinnitus Management An Overview for Beginners By Caitlin Turriff
Practice Differentiation Through Tinnitus Management An Overview for Beginners By Caitlin Turriff With the changing landscape of hearing health care, many audiologists are seeking ways to distinguish themselves
More informationThe Effects of Humor Therapy on Older Adults. Mariah Stump
The Effects of Humor Therapy on Older Adults Mariah Stump Introduction Smiling, laughing, and humor is something that individuals come across everyday. People watch humorous videos, listen to comedians,
More informationYOUR GUIDE TO LIVING WITH TINNITUS EVERY MOMENT DESERVES TO BE HEARD.
YOUR GUIDE TO LIVING WITH TINNITUS EVERY MOMENT DESERVES TO BE HEARD. WHAT IS TINNITUS? Derived from the Latin word for ringing, tinnitus refers to the phenomenon of perceiving sounds within the ear that
More informationPSYCHOLOGY (PSY) - COURSES Fall 2018 Spring 2019
PSYCHOLOGY (PSY) - COURSES all 2018 Spring 2019 PSY PSY 103: Introduction to An introduction to research and theory in psychology in such areas as learning, perception, cognition, biopsychology, development,
More information5/8/2013. Tinnitus Population. The Neuromonics Sanctuary. relief. 50 Million individuals suffer from tinnitus
Fitting the Sanctuary Device: A New Tinnitus Management Tool Casie Keaton, AuD, CCC-A Clinical Sales Manager casie.keaton@neuromonics.com Marta Hecocks, AuD, CCC-A Clinical Specialist marta.hecocks@neuromonics.com
More informationPSYCHOLOGY (PSY) - COURSES Fall 2017
PSYCHOLOGY (PSY) - COURSES all 2017 PSY PSY 103: Introduction to An introduction to research and theory in psychology in such areas as learning, perception, cognition, biopsychology, development, personality,
More informationEffects of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy with Different Colours of Sound
ORIGINAL PAPER DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20170026 International Tinnitus Journal. 2017;21(2):139-143. Effects of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy with Different Colours of Sound Stefania Barozzi 1,2 Umberto Ambrosetti
More informationPsychology. Department Location Giles Hall Room 320
Psychology Department Location Giles Hall Room 320 Special Entry Requirements Requirements to enter and continue in the major may be in place. Each prospective psychology major should check with her major
More informationSoundscape mapping in urban contexts using GIS techniques
Soundscape mapping in urban contexts using GIS techniques Joo Young HONG 1 ; Jin Yong JEON 2 1,2 Hanyang University, Korea ABSTRACT Urban acoustic environments consist of various sound sources including
More informationTinnitus relief. Valuable information, practical solutions, and helpful tips. signiausa.com/tinnitus
Tinnitus relief. Valuable information, practical solutions, and helpful tips. signiausa.com/tinnitus When tinnitus takes control. Our world is alive with sound. Laughter, unforgettable melodies, waves
More informationQuality of Life: Tinnitus and Psychopathological Symptoms
Quality of Life: Tinnitus and Psychopathological Symptoms Luciana Geocze 1, Sujana S Chandrasekhar 2, Samantha Mucci 3, Ektor Tsuneo Onishi 4, Norma de Oliveira Penido 4 ABSTRACT Aim Evaluate the presence
More informationTinnitus Assessment The key to successful tinnitus patient management
Tinnitus Assessment The key to successful tinnitus patient management Wendy Switalski, Au.D Clement Sanchez, Aud Msc M M T 1. Introduction An audiologist meeting a patient complaining of tinnitus needs
More informationPARKHURST EXCHANGE ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION, Taming Tinnitus
PARKHURST EXCHANGE ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION, 2009 Taming Tinnitus Tinnitus is a common problem that s often frustrating for those afflicted and their doctors. The relentless ringing in the ears can drive
More informationThe Benefits of Laughter Yoga for People with Depression. Laughter is a subject that has been studying intensively. However, it is still a new area of
Francis 1 Milene Francis Laughter Yoga HLTH 1243 Delan Jensen Julie Pugmire Fall 2015 The Benefits of Laughter Yoga for People with Depression Laughter is a subject that has been studying intensively.
More informationTinnitus Relief Using High-Frequency Sound via the HyperSound Audio System
ORIGINAL PAPER DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20180023 International Tinnitus Journal. 2018;22(2):133-142. Tinnitus Relief Using High-Frequency Sound via the HyperSound Audio System Ann Perreau 1 Richard Tyler
More informationBeltone True TM with Tinnitus Breaker Pro
Beltone True TM with Tinnitus Breaker Pro Beltone True Tinnitus Breaker Pro tinnitus datasheet How to use tinnitus test results It is important to remember that tinnitus is a symptom, not a disease. It
More informationUNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA PSYCHOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA PSYCHOLOGY 1 Psychology PSY 120 Introduction to Psychology 3 cr A survey of the basic theories, concepts, principles, and research findings in the field of Psychology. Core
More informationREQUIREMENTS FOR MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY CLINICAL/COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Francis Marion University Department of Psychology PO Box 100547 Florence, South Carolina 29502-0547 Phone: 843-661-1378 Fax: 843-661-1628 Email: psychdesk@fmarion.edu REQUIREMENTS FOR MASTER OF SCIENCE
More informationTherapy for Memory: A Music Activity and Educational Program for Cognitive Impairments
2 Evidence for Music Therapy Therapy for Memory: A Music Activity and Educational Program for Cognitive Impairments Richard S. Isaacson, MD Vice Chair of Education Associate Prof of Clinical Neurology
More informationConsensus meeting report, Friday 8 th September
COMIT ID study to agree the tinnitusrelated domains comprising a Core Outcome Set for sound-based clinical trials of chronic subjective tinnitus in adults Consensus meeting report, Friday 8 th September
More informationPsychology. 526 Psychology. Faculty and Offices. Degree Awarded. A.A. Degree: Psychology. Program Student Learning Outcomes
526 Psychology Psychology Psychology is the social science discipline most concerned with studying the behavior, mental processes, growth and well-being of individuals. Psychological inquiry also examines
More informationPsychology. Psychology 499. Degrees Awarded. A.A. Degree: Psychology. Faculty and Offices. Associate in Arts Degree: Psychology
Psychology 499 Psychology Psychology is the social science discipline most concerned with studying the behavior, mental processes, growth and well-being of individuals. Psychological inquiry also examines
More informationMultiple-Frequency Matching Treatment Strategy for Tinnitus
J Int Adv Otol 17; 1(): 1-5 DOI:.515/iao.17.7 Original Article Multiple-Frequency Matching Treatment Strategy for Tinnitus Yuan Tao, Xiaodong Chang, Sheng Ye, Guangxing Chu, Tian Guan, Jian Wang, Peiying
More informationLITHUANIAN PARTICIPATION IN COST ACTION BM1306: BETTER UNDERSTANDING THE HETEROGENEITY OF TINNITUS TO IMPROVE AND DEVELOP NEW TREATMENT (TINNET)
LITHUANIAN PARTICIPATION IN COST ACTION BM1306: BETTER UNDERSTANDING THE HETEROGENEITY OF TINNITUS TO IMPROVE AND DEVELOP NEW TREATMENT (TINNET) Ingrida Uloziene, Virgilijus Ulozas, Giedre Alzbutiene,
More information