Daniel R. Dehaan Three Études For Solo Voice Summer 2010, Chicago

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1 Daiel R. Dehaa Three Études For Solo Voice Summer 010 Chicago

2 Daiel R. Dehaa Three Études For Solo Voice Summer 010 Chicago Copyright 010 by Daiel R. Dehaa All rights reserved icludig performig rights.

3 Geeral Remarks These études attet to focus o the voice as a apparatus. For a siger these may be used to help develop a better cotrol over dieret parts of their istrumet. As a cooser this was a study i the orgaizatio of the moder vocal techiques ito coheret musical gestures ad works. It is recommeded that ay performer use i cojuctio with these works Michael Edward Edgerto s book The 1st-Cetury Voice to help clarify ad deepe their uderstadig of the techiques used here as well as ay material o The Iteratioal Phoetic Alphabet. (the cooser recommeds the olie source < by Eric Armstrog of York Uiversity ad Paul Meier of the Uiversity of Kasas Performace: Should oe choose to perform ay or all of these études here are some suggested guidelies. Solo Performer: Oe microphoes should be placed ear the performers mouth with a moderate amout of reverb. Performer may either play through the coositios exactly as writte or take whatever liberties they feel appropriate ad treat the materials as a map for irovisatio with the exceptio to Formatios which should always be performed strictly as writte Multiple Performers: No microphoes should be used. Performers should arraged themselves evely surroudig the audiece. All performers should wear earplugs so as ot to be able to hear other performers. A cue should oly be give to mark the start of the piece. The esemble may choose to follow the coositios as writte or take whatever liberties they feel appropriate ad the treat the materials as a map for irovisatio with the exceptio to Formatios which should always be performed strictly as writte

4 Airflow The focus of this étude is o the cotrol ad timbrel chages of six cotrastig airflow modulatio Airflow Directio: 1) Egressive (outward) (first show i mm. 1) ) Igressive (iward) (first show i mm. ) Airflow Source: ) Luged (air that origiates from decoressio of the lugs ad is forced outward) (first show i mm. ) ) Uluged (air that is static withi the oral cavity beig forced out without the use of the lugs) (first show i mm. ) Airflow Mixture: 5) Pitch (soud that is domiated by vocal chord vibratios) (first show i mm. 11) 6) Breath (soud that is domiated by aspiratio) (first show i mm. 19) Geeral Notatio Remarks: - All vocal souds are otated i the Iteratioal Phoetic Alphabet (IPA) which should be used to clarify prouciatio < Is a great olie source by Eric Armstrog of York Uiversity ad Paul Meier of the Uiversity of Kasas - Material otated o sigle lie sta idicates uvoicedo-specific pitch. Material otated o a five lie sta idicated voicedspecific pitch. - Dashed-lies edig i a arrow betwee IPA symbols idicates to smoothly morph first phoetic to secod phoetic. - Trill lies are used to idicate vibrato. (mm each gesture is to move from ormal vibrato to molto-vibrato ad retur to ormal vibrato.) - MM performer is to alterate betwee the two idicated phoemes while morphig to ext idicated phoemes.

5 Air"ow Cotrolled Breathig q = ca. 60 Solo Voice u u u f (uvoiced) Daiel R. Dehaa pp f (igressive) (egressive) Y Y Y Y Y Y œ œ Œ ah p mf pp uluged luged uluged luged uluged ormale 1: 1: 1: 1: ti ta ti ta m (voiced) 11 & (pp) mf ÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍ bœ œ b a u mf œ bœ ÍÍÍÍÍÍ a i mf ÍÍÍÍÍÍ breath: mf m a m o f pp bœ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ bœ œ œ œ œ œ œ m i f ppp bœ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ b Œ Œ i ppp b b & a a Copyright 010 ppp f u u u mf pp Œ Œ Y Y Y Y Y Y œ œ Œ ah

6 Sources The focus of this étude is o the combiatio or isolatio of the vocal apparatus soud productio sources. - Bilabial Trill (rapid vibratio of the lips) (mm. 1) - Ligual Trill (rapid vibratio of the togue) (mm. ) - Uvular Trill (rapid vibratio of the uvula) (mm. 7) - Togue Whistle (iteractio betwee tip of the togue ad upper detals similar to modulatig betwee s & t to isolate high frequecies withi the aspiratio soud.) (mm. 16-1) - Vocal Fry (produced by miimal air pressure ad attetig to sig several steps below sigers rage results i a moderately rapid series of clicks.) (mm. 6-0) - Harmoic Voice (smoother vocal fold movemet) (mm. - 5) - Rough Voice (distorted vocal fold movemet) (mm. - 5) - Glottal Whistle (produced by igressive breathig ad a extreme tighteig of the the glottis results i a pure high pitched whistle) (mm. 6) Geeral Notatio Remarks: - All vocal souds are otated i the Iteratioal Phoetic Alphabet (IPA) which should be used to clarify prouciatio < Is a great olie source by Eric Armstrog of York Uiversity ad Paul Meier of the Uiversity of Kasas - All material otated o sigle lie sta to idicate uvoicedo-specific pitch. - Dashed-lies edig i a arrow betwee IPA symbols idicates to smoothly morph first phoetic to secod phoetic. - Trill lies are used to idicate itesityduratio of trill. - Igressive breathig is show same as i Airflow. (sile arrow followed by a dashed-lie) - Diagoal arrows over mm. 1 - idicates a sudde icrease of airflow similar to the jet-whistle techique o a flute.

7 Choked & Fragmeted q = ca. 115 Solo Voice mf "Bilabial b p Sources "Ligual mf a ta Daiel R. Dehaa Trill" ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Trill" Y j Œ Y j Œ "Uvular 7 o a i o ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ Trill" Y Y ( morph mouth shape accordig to vowel phoatio to alter the timbre of costat ) 11 œ i œ œ œ œ œ e a o u œ œ œ o a e i œ 16 Breath: p Y Y Y Y Œ "Togue s (lowerig jaw) o Whistle" 1 pp pp ("Aveolar Lateral Clicks").. Œ Œ u s t h h h u s t h h h mf h w h h Copyright 010

8 "Vocal Fry" 6 Breath: p Y Y Y Y Œ harmoic voice rough voice harmoic voice ppp mf U "Glottal Whistle" œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ + + ( Ustable igressive allow multi-phoics & overtoe jus to occur ) From upper register multi-phoic search to "d a high glottal whistle. Oce achieved dim. pp Œ h h h

9 Formatios The focus of this étude is o the uderstadig of ad distictio betwee IPA symbols. Geeral Notatio Remarks: - All otatioal covetios developed i Airflow ad Sources are maitaied. - All material is otated o a three lies sta as a meas for specifyig geeral register of souds relative to performers vocal rage. (top lie = high middle lie = medium bottom lie = low) - Vocal-Fry is ow idicated by a square-wave-lie coected to it s correspodig stem. - Specific vibrato rhythms are idicated above the sta. - Square Note-heads idicate voiced material. (a arrow coected to a ote-head idicates a with a uspecific edig pitch) - Lies coectig ote-heads idicates to betwee the two relative pitches.

10 Formatios Quasi Rubato: To be performed as rapidly as possible. Daiel R. Dehaa Maitaiig clarity ad distictio betwee phoemes. pp mf f p pp f f pp pp mf f p pp f f pp : : p! b i I e m " " " " " " " " B ~~~~~~~~ t! d # æ a $ % % % % % % % % r ~~~~~~~~ 5 pp mf f p pp f f pp : & ' &! & & ' ( ' ( vib: k K y ) ø œ * 1 Œ " % + " % " % " % " % " % " % " % R ~~~~~~~~ 9 pp mf f p pp f f pp : c c - - c c! vib: k K Œ " % " % B ~~~~~~~ r ~~~~~~~. 0 1 Copyright 010

11 mf pp mf f ppp 5: : vib: k K k Breath Soud: vib: fp fp fp : k K 1 k k k k k k! k! f f " " #! #! 6 $ $ % % Mouth Shape trill: 15 & p! b! & t d d & ' ' ( ' ( ' ( ' ( ' ( ' ( 16 ) * ) * 5: < Ÿ Ÿ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ f 19 p+ b m - - t t! ".. d t0 t0 d Ù 5 f " s 6 B t0 r R

12 p fppp 6 ) " # $ vib: K u k mfpp Breath Soud: fp fp fp : % & & & ) o vib: K k ' ( Mouth Shape trill: 6 ) m ) * + - m ) * + - m ) * + - m ) 7 p. b m 0 0 t t& 1 d t t d Ù 1

13 1 " " " # $ " " " # $ " " " j 1 # $ % # $ # $ # $ # $ # $ # $ # $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 5 < Ÿ & Ÿ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ f 5 # # # # # # # # # B t' r R & U

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