IO [io] 8000 / 8001 User Guide

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1 IO [io] 8000 / 8001 User Guide

2 MAYAH, IO [io] are registered trademarks of MAYAH Communications GmbH. IO [io] 8000 / 8001 User Guide Revision level March Version copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH For copying this document, even by extract, an explicit written permission of MAYAH Communications GmbH is required.

3 Contents I Table of Contents I Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / Front Panel... View 2 2 Rear Panel... View 3 3 Features list Scope of delivery Starting and... shutting down the system 5 6 Getting more... information 6 II 7 1 Using the... Remote Control 7 Layout of... the Remote Control Connection... window Unicast... Multicast... Session Announcement... Protocol Video Input... window Cropping... Video Encoder... window Video Decoder... window Video Output... window Audio window... Networking... window Connection... for the 1st time Update Firmware... Messages... window System window Front panel Elements... of the front panel Root folder... Connect Menu... Status Menu... Presets Menu... Setup Menu... 3 Telnet III Maintenance 95 1 Log-files Ports Structure... of the disk-on-module 99 4 Reset to... factory defaults Direct commands System... health Test signals Event Action... Programming 111 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

4 II Contents 9 RMA Procedure IV Synchronization Genlock System... time 119 V Technical Data Power Specifications Environmental... Specifications Connector... Pin-outs 122 AES / EBU... (D-Sub 25) Analog Audio... (D-Sub 25) Ethernet... (RJ45) RS S-Video... TTL I/O... VGA Dimensions VI Annex 130 VII Glossary 131 VIII Applications Broadcast... quality Limited... Bandwidth (E1 / T1) Web casting... / corporate streaming IP-over-Satellite DVB-H Index copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

5 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 MAYAH's IO [io] 8000 / 8001 series encoder and decoder provides MPEG-4 and H.264 / AVC over IP-based networks. The IO [io] family covers the requirements of broadcasting and corporate applications like DVB-H, SNG, reporting, distribution, contribution and in-house streaming. The IO [io]'s ISMA 2.0 compliant stream provides full interoperability with QuickTime, Windows Media Player, Real Player, VLC and various PDAs, mobiles and DVB-H receivers. This enables the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 to create one generic stream that is compatible with different hardware codecs, platforms and players. IO [io] 8000 / 8001 can be found in a large variety of applications. The most important are listed below: - Contribution and distribution - SNG - Telecommunications video services over DSL - mobile TV - Remote studio links (STL) - Web casting - Journalist previewing - Confidence monitoring - Corporate / enterprise communications - Distance learning & education Challenging MPEG-2 audio and video over IP as well the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 benefits from its powerful H.264 codec that reduces the bit rate compared to MPEG-2 by half while offering the same picture quality. This allows huge savings to be made on line costs a return of investments can be just realized within weeks instead of months or years. A further important attribute of the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 is the low latency talent. The device's OS guarantees an end - to - end latency of approximately 250 ms (MPEG-4 part 2) or 500 ms (H.264 / AVC). That is why it is perfectly qualified for reliable low latency connections (live applications). The free scalable video input / output resolution from D1 (PAL / NTSC) over CIF, QVGA down to QCIF qualifies the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 for a wide variety of applications. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

6 2 1.1 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 Front Panel View The IO [io] audio / video encoder series is available in different models and configurations which are listed below: IO [io] 8000 IO [io] DEC IO [io] 8001 IO [io] DEC Encoder / Decoder model without front panel Decoder only model without front panel Encoder / Decoder model with front panel Decoder only model with front panel Additional, optional hardware interface cards are available upon request. IO [io] 8001: IO [io] copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

7 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / Rear Panel View copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH 3

8 4 1.3 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 Features list MAYAH's IO [io] audio / video encoder series offers MPEG-4 or H.264 / AVC streaming over IP-based networks for a cost-effective transmission of audio and video content. Its ability to progressively reduce the resolution down to QCIF makes the IO [io] an universal encoder for a great variety of applications. - Streaming of 1 video and 1 stereo audio channel - MPEG-4 SP / ASP up to 6 Mbit/s - H.264 / AVC baseline profile and main profile up to level 3 - AAC (MPEG-4) and AAC HEv2 encoding / decoding - Low latency end-to-end: MPEG-4 (250 ms), H.264 (500 ms) - Decoder-only version available - Decoder follows encoder, auto-reconnect after power down - Support for ISMA 2.0 and MPEG-TS - Support for SAP announcements - Support for SNMP 1.4 Scope of delivery The IO [io] comes together with the following equipment: - IO [io] 8000 / x power cable (according to the standard of the country) - 1x serial cable for RS-232 remote connection to the device - 1x CD with documentation and required software The following optional cables and accessories can be order separately: - LAN cable, 2m, RJ45 - Analog Audio, D-Sub 25 breakout cable - AES / EBU, D-Sub 25 breakout copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

9 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / Starting and shutting down the system Before starting your system, connect the power cable to the rear of the IO [io]. After that you need to power on the device which will automatically boot up. The boot up of the device is signalized by the LEDs on the front panel. During the booting process the LEDs will cycle from top to bottom. After successful booting only the blue power LED is illuminated. After boot up the unit might be remote controlled via front panel, over remote control (IP or serial connection) and over Telnet (IP or serial connection). To shut down the system, simply power down the device on the rear panel. The IO [io] will return with exact the same configuration that was used prior to the shutdown. If the IO [io] was running as an encoder the encoding process will continue directly after system start. The same applies for the decoding assumed the related encoder is still sending a stream. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

10 6 1.6 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 Getting more information In addition to this printed version of the manual further product information can be obtained from MAYAH's website or MAYAH's FTP-server. Please use these as additional sources of information. - Communication Reference Manual - Application Notes for the IO [io] - How to's - MAYAH IP-Compendium - Technical Reference - Release Notes - Examples for Event Action Programming All these documents can be downloaded from the FTP-server using the link below: ftp://81612-mayah-download:download@mayah.com/io_8000/documentation The latest firmware version and remote control software can also be downloaded from the FTP-server: ftp://81612-mayah-download:download@mayah.com/io_8000/firmware copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

11 Introduction to the IO [io] 8000 / Using the Remote Control 7 A remote control connection to the IO [io] can be established by using one of the following methods: 1. Ethernet (PC within the same subnet): Click on the drop-down list to expand it. All "local" devices will be listed and can be selected by clicking on them. 2. Ethernet (PC not in the same subnet): Click on the drop-down list, enter the IP-address of the designated codec and hit enter. 3. Serial connection / RS-232: Instead of entering an IP-address (point 2) to the drop-down list, please use the command "COMX" where X is the number of the serial port of your PC (usually 1 or 2). copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

12 8 IMPORTANT: When using a serial to USB converter the serial port might differ from 1 or 2. Please check the serial port in your PC's system settings. To establish a remote connection you have to open the remote control software and click the dropdown list on the upper left corner of the software. This will display all available MAYAH devices in the local subnet. On each start of the remote control software the following procedure is performed: 1. Remote control software sends an identify broadcast to the local subnet (using port 2060) 2. All MAYAH codecs in the same subnet respond with a UDP packet including the following information: a) MAYAH design text (codec model) b) Hardware version c) Serial number d) IP-address e) Codec name (= the system name in the remote control copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

13 9 IMPORTANT: Please be sure to always use the correct combination of Remote Control Software and IO [io] firmware. The combination is listed in the release notes of the firmware version and Remote Control Software. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

14 Layout of the Remote Control The composition of the Remote Control Software of the IO [io] can be seen on the following figure: The part on the bottom of the Remote Control Software shows the general status of the IO [io]. Thus it depends whether the device is running as an encoder or a decoder. The following image shows the unit running as an encoder streaming audio and copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

15 11 IMPORTANT: The LEDs in the Remote Control Software have the same functionality as the LEDs on the front panel of the IO [io]. Information on the front panel LEDs can be found in the chapter "Elements of the front panel". When running as a decoder the green framed LEDs indicate the valid reception of audio and video. The 2 green LEDs on the right side are used to indicate proper A / V synchronization on the decoder and the synchronization of the output signal to either internal clocking or an external Genlock. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

16 Connection window The connection window allows you to set up the IO [io] concerning its streaming configuration. Therefore several parameters can be entered. As can be seen from the following figure the window is split into 3 parts: system, encoder and decoder. 1. System: Defines the system name of the IO [io] Name: In this text field you may enter the desired name for your IO [io]. This might be useful when using different encoders within one network. So the individual encoder can easily be found by its name. The name of the encoder is, amongst others, displayed in the information field in the encoder's SDP-File. Thus the name might also contain information about the content. This enables the user to filter different channels in the network and to find the desired source copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

17 13 2. Encoder: All parameters for the composition of the encoded stream can be set in this part of the connection window. The calculated bit rate (including audio, video and IP overhead) can be seen on the right part of the encoder settings. Destination address (audio and video): Unicast A unicast connection is a point-to-point connection directly from encoder to decoder. The figure below shows a unicast connection to the decoder with the IP-address where video (RTP) is using port 5004 and audio (RTP) is using port If you check "same destination for video and audio" you only have to type in the destination address for video. The audio part will be filled in automatically. Please refer to the chapter "Unicast" to get additional information about unicast connections. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

18 14 Multicast Multicast addresses cover a range from up to Some areas and also certain addresses within this range are reserved for specific applications or companies. The picture below shows a multicast media stream with the default streaming ports for audio and video used by the IO [io]. The session announcement is activated using the default multicast address and port number. Please refer to the chapter "Multicast" to get additional information about multicast connections. IMPORTANT: Multicast streams require a multicast capable network. Please get in touch with your IT-department if you are not sure about the capabilities of your network. Announce Session: The IO [io] may announce the current stream via Session Announcement Protocol. If checked, this function is activated and the IO [io] will periodically send the SDP-File containing information about the current stream on the specified IP-address and port number. You may either use a multicast address (default is : 9875) or a unicast address which should comply with the destination address of your audio and video stream (in other words the IP-address of your copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

19 15 Stream Type: ISMA (Internet Streaming Media Alliance) The IO [io] provides an ISMA 2.0 compliant stream. ISMA defines the usage of RTP over UDP. The default output stream of the IO [io] encoder is composed of the following parts: The video RTP stream carries the actual video payload (MPEG-4 or H.264). The default port is You might change this port although there is a restriction by the standard to use only even port numbers. The video RTCP stream is defined to use the video RTP stream + 1. It is used for synchronization purposes on the decoding side. RTCP packets are sent regularly whereas the frequency depends on the bit rate used, as the allowed RTCP overhead is defined by ISMA. Audio RTP is streamed on port 5006 as default. The corresponding Audio RTCP packets are using the audio RTP port + 1. All in all the IO [io] requires 4 ports for the transmission of an audio / video signal between encoder and decoder. IMPORTANT: As it is mandatory for RTCP to use the respective RTP port + 1, please make sure to always check the streaming ports for RTP audio and RTP video. Do not use an odd port for RTP streams as it might create problems with distinct receivers. Whenever streaming over IP-based networks one always needs to take into consideration that there is a certain overhead added to the audio and video payload. The following figure shows the encapsulation of payload into an Ethernet frame done by the IO [io]. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

20 16 Calculation of the overhead for a maximum packet size of the IO [io]: Ethernet: 14 byte IP: 20 byte UDP: 8 byte RTP: 12 byte CRC: 4 byte Overhead: 58 byte Using a maximum packet size of 1400 byte for the payload the overhead is calculated as: 58 byte / 1400 byte ~ 4 % MPEG-TS The MPEG standard which was adopted as ISO / IEC defines ways of multiplexing more than one stream (audio, video and data) into one program. A program consists of one or more elementary streams (ES), which may or may not be MPEG encoded. The multiplexing process discerns 2 different schemes: 1. Transport Stream (TS): - intended for storage and transmission in non-error-free environments - fixed length (188 byte) - multiple reference clocks possible - e.g. Broadcasting, copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

21 17 2. Program Stream (PS) not covered in this document and not supported by the IO [io]: - intended for storage and transmission in error-free environments - large / multiple length packets - single reference clock - e.g. DVD A packet is the basic unit of the MPEG-2 Transport Stream and consists of a packet header, an optional adaption field and / or an optional payload field. A packet is a cell of 188 bytes with a header size of 4 bytes and a payload / adaption field size of 184 bytes. Stuffing of a TS-packet is possible. The following figure shows the composition of an MPEG-TS packet. PID (Packet ID / Program ID): The PID is used to identify distinct elementary streams within the transport stream. The PID is a 13 bit value what allows the differentiation between a maximum of 8192 different PIDs. TS packets with a PID of 0, 1 or 2 are special packets that include PSI information. The PIDs in the range from 0x0 to 0xF are reserved by the ISO / IEC standard. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

22 18 Program Specific Information (PSI): The PSI information is used by the decoder to learn about the currently received / decoded transport stream. PAT PAT means Program Association Table. The PAT contains a complete list with all programs in the transport stream along with the PID for the PMT of each program. It is transmitted in transport packets with PID 0 x PMT PMT stands for Program Map Table and contains information about individual programs. There is one PMT for each program, each PMT with a unique PID within the MPEG-TS. The PMT combines all relevant PIDs for the particular program. You can say that the PMT provides the mapping between the program number and the program element(s) that comprise them. To help the decoder with the reconstruction of the original program the MPEG-2 standard introduces mechanisms for synchronization of different streams within a program. Therefore timestamps are inserted by the encoder. These are based on the STC (System Time Clock) which is the reference for the program and is the master clock of the audio signal. After multiplexing, the encoding system inserts a reference clock to regenerate the STC on the decoding copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

23 19 PCR The Program Clock Reference (PCR) is the reference clock that is used to synchronize both encoder and decoder. The regeneration of the STC on the receiving side depends on transmitting PCRs through the system. PCRs are inserted at a maximum interval of 100 ms and are measured in units of one period of a 27 MHz clock. The synchronization / regeneration of the STC on the receiving side is affected by variable delay or jitter of the link. PTS and DTS The Presentation Timestamp (PTS) and Decoding Timestamp (DTS) are added to the audio frame or a video frame (called access unit (AU)). The PTS indicates when an audio frame should be removed from the receiver buffer, decoded and presented on the decoder audio video output, while the DTS indicates when an audio frame should be removed from the receiver buffer and decoded. Both PTS and DTS are interspersed into the bit stream at intervals not exceeding 700 ms. The timestamps are expressed in units of one period of a 90 khz clock (retrieved from the 27 MHz system clock). In an audio-only stream the PTS is identical to the DTS. 3. Decoder: The receiving parameters for the decoder can be set in this part of the window. The 3 checkboxes on the left define the receiving method of the decoder. HTTP When started the decoder sends an HTTP request to the encoder. If this is acknowledged the decoder will start to download the SDP-file from the encoder. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

24 20 In the example above the decoder will send the HTTP request to the encoder with the IP-address The checkbox "same source for video and audio" specifies one source for audio and video. You only have to set the video source and the audio source is added automatically. SAP The decoder will listen on the configured SAP address which could be a multicast address or a unicast address. Do not forget to set the correct port number. The drop-down field above will display a list with all available streams that are announced in the network. SAP does not require a bi-directional connection as the encoder either sends the SDP-file to a multicast address or directly to the decoder. IMPORTANT: Please make sure to activate SAP on the encoder if you want to work with it on the decoding side. RTP Use this option to receive an MPEG-TS (RTP over UDP) stream with the decoder. In contrast to ISMA connections you have to specifiy the stream address in the network. It is not important to know the source address but the multicast address in the copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

25 Unicast Unicast is the transmission of data / information to a single destination or client. It was actually derived from the word broadcast, as it is the extreme opposite of a broadcast. While broadcast transmits the information to all members, a unicast is a direct connection between two communication partners. Only one receiver in the network is capable of receiving the stream from the encoder. Summary: - point-to-point transmission - unidirectional and bidirectional connections possible - no other host than the specified one is able to receive the stream Multicast While unicast stands for a communication pattern that sends data from one host to another and broadcast represents the sending from one to all others inside the network, the principle of multicast is to send data from one source host to a varying number of destination clients, whereas these clients must have the ability to request these particular data by sending a specific multicast address to the next router or prune an existing multicast connection. The problems with multicast arise when you think about how data will find the way from sender to receiver. While normal radio or television reaches the receiver by spreading data all over the world like a watering can, sending through the net has some significant restrictions, like available bandwidth and workload. The watering can principle would cause the net to collapse as much as sending a data stream via point-to-point-connections for each receiver. Further problems are getting the sender or routers to know which hosts are currently members of the multicast group and thus receive its data. The intention of multicast is to employ as less bandwidth as possible for to keep the workload of the net as small as possible. This means not to waste any bandwidth by sending unnecessary data, but send it just to hosts which request data. On the other hand it is also very important to send this data over the shortest respectively most efficient path within the network.in general this means that the sender delivers the data just once and it is copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

26 22 duplicated by a router as near to the receiver as possible. The organizing of sending and receiving multimedia data is managed by a protocol called IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol), by which clients can tell a router that they want to join or leave a multicast - group. This multicast group is a quantity of senders / receivers, registered at their distinct routers for a special multicast-ip. On IP-level there is a specific range of class-d addresses reserved for multicast. The four significant bits of the class-d addresses are set to The 28-bit number following these four bits is called multicast group ID which spans from to Each specific multicast data stream is defined by a multicast group ID. If a host wants to join a certain multicast group for sending or receiving specific data, it has to inform his immediately - neighboring router by sending the specific multicast ID as an IGMP telegram. This ID will then be forwarded from router to router for to see if there are other multicast group members.the host's neighboring - router now receives data from the requested multicast group, and forwards this to the demanding host. Of course the same host is able to act as a sender, too. In this case the neighboring - router will transmit its data to all the other group members. For leaving a multicast group the host has to prune a multicast ID, which means that he has to tell his neighboring router not to forward data to or from the specific group any more. Summary: - point-to-multipoint connections - only unidirectional connections - IP range: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

27 Session Announcement Protocol The Session Announcement Protocol (SAP) is an extension to the Session Description Protocol (SDP) as SAP periodically sends the SDP-file to a well-known multicast address in the network. The default multicast address used by SAP is on port 9875 also known as sap.mcast.net, although SAP is not restricted to this (multicast) address. Every SAP-compatible decoder can access the SDP-file from this address. Generally SAP is the idea of a known location (like a help desk) in the network from where to get information about all available streams in the network. SAP does not include any payload or media data but only the information about the stream. The following data is contained in the SDP-file: - type of media (audio, video) - transport protocol (e.g. RTP,...) - encoding algorithms used (e.g. H.264, AAC,...) - source IP address - destination IP address - assigned port numbers Whenever the encoder is started the IO [io] creates an SDP-file on the internal disk-on-module. The file is called streamav.sdp and is located in the folder WWW. Please refer to chapter "Structure of the disk-on-module" to get additional information on the composition of the internal disk-on-module. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

28 Video Input window The video input window contains all relevant information to configure the video input of the encoder. Video source: The IO [io] supports the following video inputs: SDI Component / Y Pr Pb Composite / CVBS SVideo IMPORTANT: The combination of analog video (CVBS, Y Pb Pr, SVideo) and SDI embedded audio is not supported by the IO [io]. If you try to start the encoder with this setup an error message in the status line will be displayed. However the encoder will not copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

29 25 If the selected video input does not receive a valid video signal, the Remote Control Software indicates this with an error message. When using the wrong input format (NTSC instead of PAL) this message will also be shown. Input format: PAL and NTSC TV standards are supported by the IO [io]. The maximum resolution is D1, 720 x 576 for PAL system and 720 x 480 for NTSC. Size: horizontal / vertical The resolution of the input video can be changed by altering the horizontal / vertical parameter. Please refer to the chapter "Cropping" to get additional information on this topic. Offset: x-off / y-off These two parameters describe the horizontal and vertical offset of the video input. Please refer to the chapter "Cropping" to get more details on this topic. First field: The first field of the input video can be selected. The default parameters are: PAL = upper NTSC = lower Color settings: The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 provides the option to manually adjust the color settings of your input video. The following parameters can be influenced: 1. brightness: Brightness is the intensity of an image or pixel, independent from the color. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

30 26 2. contrast: Contrast is the difference in visual properties that makes an object distinguishable from other objects and the background. 3. chroma red / blue: The chroma values for red and blue can be changed with these two parameters. 4. hue: (only for NTSC) A hue refers to a the gradation of color within the optical spectrum of light. In other words it is the a particular color within the spectrum defined by its dominant wavelength. IMPORTANT: Please hit the "default" button to restore factory values. The values shown here represent "calibrated color settings" for the encoder / decoder path. The configuration of the color settings is not available when using SDI video input. The color settings can be changed during run-time and will take effect immediately Cropping Cropping is a method to cut off or remove certain parts of a movie / film to adapt its size to another aspect ratio or the destination screen. The advantage of cropping is, that the picture is neither stretched or compressed in any way nor are there added any filling black areas (so-called letterbox bars). The most obvious disadvantage is the possible loss of picture information on the left / right side of the picture. This happens if the source input video was recorded in Cinemascope format (2.35 : 1) or widescreen format (1.85 : 1). Movies that were primarily recorded for presentation in cinemas (35 or 70 mm films) use this aspect ratio. To keep the list of formats somehow concise the document goes into detail concerning only the most important ones used within broadcast copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

31 27 The figure above shows PAL D1 resolution, 4:3 letterbox format and the 16:9 format. These 3 are considered to be the most common ones for processing with the IO [io]. The cropping feature on the IO [io] enables you even to cut out a special part out of the input video and transmit this extracted area to the receiver. This document will provide you with all necessary information to adapt the cropping options to your personal needs respectively your application. In order to configure the correct cropping parameters on the encoder it is inevitable to understand the functionality of the encoder and accordingly the meaning of the different parameters. Looking on the remote software shows the following 6 different parameters that influence the input respectively encoded / output signal. Hence there is a lot that can be configured incorrectly. The 4 parameters presented in the figure above affect the input signal, i.e. with these 4 values you are able to specify the input parameters for the encoder. The meaning of these values is as follows: horizontal: default = 720 => number of lines to be encoded vertical: default = 576 (PAL) / (480 (NTSC) => number of pixels per line to be encoded copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

32 28 x-off: default = 0 => horizontal displacement of the video input y-off: default = 0 => vertical displacement of the video input The video encoder window offers the possibility to influence the video output resolution. This can be done with the help of the parameters width and height. The drop down list in the video encoder window offers an amount of commonly used resolutions for different applications. The whole cropping process is visualized in the figure below. It consists of input (encoding) and output (streaming). Parameters 1 4 apply to the input while height and width in the video encoder window apply to the output. As there are a lot of possible applications it is impossible to cover all of them in the manual. The next part will show you how to practically use the cropping function and what is the effect on the individual copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

33 29 1. horizontal / vertical: 2. x-offset / y-offset: 3. height / width: The figure above illustrates the height and width parameter. If you need to reduce your output video to a resolution of 320 x 240 without losing any picture information, all you have to do is to set the width and height to 320 x 240 while keeping the video input resolution at 720 x 576. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

34 30 Encoder setup for different input copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

35 Video Encoder window All settings that are directly connected with the encoder can be adjusted within this window of the remote control. The best way to prepare your IO [io] 8000 / 8001 encoder is to start with the parameters on top the window and checking all settings point by point to the bottom of the window. The window is divided into 4 parts: 1. Video input: This part is a short summary of "Video Input" window including video input, TV standard, frame rate and resolution of the input video. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

36 32 2. Video processing: All parameters of the input video signal may be configured within this part of the Video Encoder window. Video processing with H.264 / AVC Video processing with MPEG-4 SP / ASP 1. Interlacing mode: none: Keeps the input mode. de-interlace: Performs a de-interlacing of the input video. maintain interlace: Keep the interlacing mode of the input video. IMPORTANT: The option "de-interlacing" is so far not available with the H.264 video encoding algorithm. 2. Pixel aspect ratio (PAR) This option enables you to manually set the pixel width and pixel height of the encoded video. This information is inserted into the video stream. The decoder will evaluate this information and adapt the output accordingly when using the appropriate mode on the decoder. Please refer to Video Decoder chapter to get additional information on the decoder copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

37 33 3. Resolution of the encoded video: The resolution can be selected from the drop down list in the video processing window. The following table provides you with all possible resolutions: When using MPEG-4 in user defined mode the resolution can be set in steps of 8 pixels in horizontal and vertical direction. You may also use the "constrain proportions" checkbox to keep the aspect ratio of your picture. The height of your picture will be adapted automatically when changing the horizontal resolution. 3. Encoding parameters 1: Frame rate: The frame rate describes the frequency of discrete images in a video stream. In PAL systems the frame rate corresponds to 25 fps while NTSC systems use a frame rate of fps. For certain web and mobile applications a lower frame rate of 12.5, 15, 17 or 20 might also be used. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

38 34 I-frame period: The I-frame period describes the maximum span of time an I-frame is inserted into the multimedia stream. I-frame stands for intra frame. An intra frame is the reference picture for inter frames (B-, P-frames). Thus the I-frame creates a data burst. Using a small I-frame period results in a lower picture quality. An I-frame period of 1 means that you are using the I-frame-only mode. This mode is only used with broadcast post-processing. When working with a frame rate of 25 fps an I-frame period of 100 means that an I-frame is inserted at a maximum of 4 seconds. The I-frame period roughly depends on the video bit rate. A high bit rate may use a low I-frame period while a video at lower bit rates should only be used with higher I-frame periods. 4. Encoding parameters 2: Video algorithm: To select the video encoding algorithm simply click on the drop-down list. The following algorithms are supported by the IO [io]: MPEG-4 part 2 - MPEG-4 part 10 - MPEG-4 SP / ASP (according to ISO / IEC ) H.264 / AVC (according to ISO / IEC ) Video bit rate [kbit/s]: The video bit rate specifies the data rate for the video. This is the volume of data measured in bits over time. At a given bit rate you need to take the following points into account. The audio bit rate adds to the video bit rate for a total bit rate. IP protocols need approximately % overhead. A calculated expected overall bit rate can be found in the Connection Window of the Remote Control copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

39 35 Video buffer size (VBV): The advantage of the VBV can be described with the help of the following example: Encoding a multimedia-stream with CBR (constant bit rate) forces the encoder to put the whole data below a certain threshold. In times where not the whole capacity is used some bit rate is wasted or can not be used. To minimize the loss of available bit rate you can switch to variable bit rate. Variable bit rate permits the encoder to exceed the bit rate in certain times (i.e. variable bit rate is an average value). The VBV describes the buffer size on the decoder side, that can be used to compensate temporary fluctuations in the bit rate. By increasing the VBV size you actually expand the time the bit rate of the current multimedia-stream is observed. The data coming from the encoder can be allocated over a longer period of time. Especially for lower bit rates a VBV size of more than one second is inevitable. It visibly increases the picture quality at the cost of an additional delay. The VBV size can be set within the following borders: MPEG-4 part 2: 41 ms ms H.264 / AVC: 82 ms ms Scene change detection: Automatic scene change detection can be activated with this checkbox. When activated the IO [io] will automatically insert an I-frame on each hard cut. This helps to improve the picture quality. The default value of scene change detection is "on". copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

40 36 High complexity (option for MPEG-4 part 2): This option increases the picture quality of the encoded stream at the cost of additional CPU power requirements. Nevertheless it should always be "on". Motion compensation / estimation (option for MPEG-4 part 2): The motion compensation for MPEG-4 ASP defines 2 possible values: 1/2 pel and 1/4 pel. The MPEG-4 video encoding uses a motion compensation to smooth and stabilize the picture. The accuracy of this compensation can be either a half or a quarter pixel. Usage of "quarter pel" improves the picture quality compared to "half pel". IMPORTANT: There are some restrictions in the usage of motion compensation when receiving the stream with a software player. Quick Time is not compatible to quarter pel motion estimation. Complexity mode (option for H.264): The complexity mode describes a feature package that contains a lot of different parameters like usage of B-frames, de-blocking on the encoder side, the dimension of macro blocks (down to 4x4) and intelligent coding. A complexity mode of 0 describes the simplest form of coding, i.e. the CPU load is quite low. If you desire a better picture quality you need to use a higher complexity mode what goes on the expense of additional CPU power. Please keep in mind that a higher complexity level requires compatible devices on the decoding side. Especially for mobile TV applications it might be important to check the compatibility of different devices. CABAC (option for H.264): CABAC stands for context based adaptive binary arithmetic coding and is a very efficient and flexible form of entropy coding, that is replacing the copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

41 37 ( Run-length encoding ) used within H.263. It reduces the data rate by 10-15%. Look ahead filter (option for H.264): Look ahead is used to fit the quantization of I-frames. If an I-frame is intensely quantized, it contains a lot of picture errors. The quality of the following frames would even be worse, because the reference picture is of bad quality. The encoder would need to employ a huge amount of bits to compensate the picture errors. Under these circumstances it might have been more useful to quantize the I-frame to a lesser extent. The look ahead examines the pictures close to the I-frame and adapts the quantization of the I-frame. The result is an increased picture quality for the cost of a higher CPU load. IMPORTANT: There are known issues with Windows Media Player, Quick Time and VLC Player. All of them are not able to decode streams that were encoded with an activated look ahead filter. Loop filter (option for H.264): H.264 provides a loop filter that is used to decrease artifacts that arise from DCT. It apparently improves the picture quality. It filters the borders of the macro blocks with different intensity to derive a smoother picture. The better picture quality goes at the cost of a higher CPU load. Slices (option for H.264): The encoding of a video with H.264 may use the advantage to separate the distinct frames into 2 slices. This enables faster encoding. The upper part of the frame is encoded e.g. on one CPU core and the lower part of the picture on the second one. The consequence of this is a different form of interleaving the data. This is not supported by all kind of decoders. Especially terminal devices like PDAs and mobile phones do not support a multi-slicing (slices = 2) because of a lack of memory / input buffer. IMPORTANT: When using a slicing of "1" the video resolution of the encoded video is limited to a size of 360 x 288. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

42 Video Decoder window The video decoder window allows you to set specific decoder parameters. Delay: The delay parameter is the input buffer of the decoder. It is a time in ms that can be used to reduce the influence of network jitter. The delay / input buffer prefetches data and allows the re-ordering of RTP packets arriving later than expected or out of order. The delay can be set in the range between 0 ms and 5000 ms. IMPORTANT: The delay adds to the end-to-end latency of the system. Size: The IO [io] allows the resizing of the video on the decoding side. You may select between 4 different copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

43 39 1. original encoder: The decoder will use the same resolution that was configured on the encoder. The pixel aspect ration equals 4:3. 2. encoder and par: The decoder will use the same resolution and the same pixel aspect ration that were configured on the encoder. 3. manual: The output resolution of the decoder can be set manually by using this option. When selecting the checkbox two sliders appear below. Horizontal and vertical resolution can be set in steps of 8 pixels. Maximum values: PAL = 720 x 576 NTSC = 720 x 480 Minimum value: 16 x full: Resize the picture to full D1 resolution according to the format that you are using: PAL = 720 x 576 NTSC = 720 x 480 Deringing: This option helps to smooth the picture. It can be compared to a blur filter that is only influencing certain parts of the picture. The deringing works only on high frequency parts of the picture. This could for example be the border between a black and a white area, hair or light lines in the picture. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

44 40 Deblocking: When working with MPEG-based video encoding algorithms the most likely effect that can be found in the picture are blocking artefacts as MPEG uses so-called macro blocks to compress the video. At high compression levels the appearance of blocking artefacts is more frequent than on lower compression rates. The deblocking filter can be used to reduce the visibility of blocking artefacts. Like the deringing filter it can be regarded as a blur filter. Where the derining filter works only in specific parts of the picture the deblocking covers the whole copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

45 Video Output window This window contains is used to configure the video output of the IO [io] decoder. It includes such parameters as synchronization, offset and video processing. The following figure shows the video output window: Output format: PAL and NTSC TV standards are supported by the IO [io]. The maximum resolution is D1, 720 x 576 for PAL system and 720 x 480 for NTSC. IMPORTANT: It is possible to use a different output format on the decoder than on the encoder. Thus the IO [io] may be used as a format converter. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

46 42 Out device: The IO [io] supports the following video outputs: SDI (including embedded audio) Component (Y Pr Pb) Composite / CVBS SVideo The output device is the video interface that is synchronized to the Genlock input of the IO [io]. IMPORTANT: When running as a decoder the video signal is available on all video interfaces of the IO [io]. First field: The first field of the output video can be adjusted manually. The default parameters are: PAL = upper NTSC = lower Synchronization: The IO [io]'s video output can be synchronized to an analog black burst signal. Therefore the synchronization must be set to "Genlock". Please refer to the chapter "Genlock" to get additional information on the synchronization of the IO [io] to your studio copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

47 43 x-offset / y-offset: With the help of the horizontal and vertical offset it is possible to relocate the output picture. The default value for both is "0". x-offset and y-offset can be changed in steps of 2 pixels. 1. x-offset: (horizontal) a) A positive value moves the picture to the right. b) A negative value moves the picture to the left. 2. y-offset: (vertical) a) A positive value moves the picture down. b) A negative value moves the picture up. Color settings: The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 provides the option to manually adjust the color settings of the output video. The following parameters can be changed: 1. chroma red / blue: The chroma values for red and blue can be changed with these two parameters. 2. brightness: Brightness is the intensity of an image or pixel, independent from the color. 3. contrast: Contrast is the difference in visual properties that makes an object distinguishable from other objects and the background. 4. hue: (only available for NTSC) A hue refers to a the gradation of color within the optical spectrum of light. In other words it is the a particular color within the spectrum defined by its dominant wavelength. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

48 44 IMPORTANT: Please hit the "default" button to restore factory values. The values shown here represent "calibrated color settings" for the decoder video output. The color settings can be changed during run-time and will take effect copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

49 Audio window This window contains all the information about the audio setup of the encoder and the decoder. The left side shows all parameters for the encoding process while on the left side the output when running as decoder may be configured. Audio inputs / outputs: Currently the IO [io] supports the encoding of a stereo audio input. The input may be selected from one of the following: ANALOG: L/R XLR connector ANALOG 34: channel 3/4 of the analog D- Sub 25 connector ANALOG 56: channel 5/6 of the analog D-Sub 25 connector ANALOG 78: channel 7/8 of the analog D-Sub 25 connector copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

50 46 AES/EBU: channel 1/2 of the AES / EBU connector AES/EBU 34: channel 3/4 of the AES / EBU connector AES/EBU 56: channel 5/6 of the AES / EBU connector AES/EBU 78: channel 7/8 of the AES / EBU connector SDI 12: SDI embedded audio channel 1/2 SDI 34: SDI embedded audio channel 3/4 SDI 56: SDI embedded audio channel 5/6 SDI 78: SDI embedded audio channel 7/8 IMPORTANT: The encoded IO [io] audio input will be available on the all available audio outputs. Example: SDI 12 is selected as the audio input. The audio signal is available on the following outputs: SDI 12, XLR L/R and AES / EBU 12 Algorithm: The IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms: AAC (MPEG4) = [ MPEG-4 AAC ] AAC (HE) = [ MPEG-4 HE AACv2 ] AAC (MPEG2) = [ MPEG-2 AAC ] IMPORTANT: Please note that AAC (MPEG2) is only available when using an MPEG-TS session as it is not defined in the ISMA specification. Sample rate: The sample rate of the audio input can be specified in a range between khz and 48 khz. IMPORTANT: Not all combinations of sample rate and bit rate are supported by the IO copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

51 47 Bit rate: The bit rate defines the data rate for audio. It adds to the video bit rate for the complete data rate. Mode: The following encoding modes are supported by the IO [io]: mono: encoding of a mono channel => as default the left channel will be used for mono dual mono: the left and the right channel will be encoded separately joint stereo: encoding in joint stereo format of the selected audio input stereo: encoding in stereo mode of the selected audio input IMPORTANT: Please note that some modes work only in combination with certain bit rates. Gain: Gain is measured in dbu and is the amplification of the selected audio input / output. Volume: Volume is the level of the selected audio input / output and is measured in dbfs. IMPORTANT: Please always check the level of your audio input and adapt both gain and volume accordingly to avoid an audio overload. This will be indicated on the front panel and Remote Control Software overload LED. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

52 Networking window The networking window contains all necessary information about the general IP-setup of the IO [io]. IMPORTANT: During installation process please get in touch with your IT-department. Advanced IP-settings should be changed after basic setup in cooperation with your copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

53 49 Transfer rate The transfer rate describes the maximum data rate of the network. You are able to use one of the following values: 10 Mbit/s 10 Mbit/s Base-T network 100 Mbit/s 100 Mbit/s Base-T network 1 Gbit/s use this when working in a Gigabit network auto automatic detection of maximum bandwidth of other network equipment IMPORTANT: In some cases it is necessary to set the transfer rate manually as this is the only way to guarantee proper functionality. Duplex mode Duplex mode describes the information exchange between communication interfaces. The IO [io] supports "half", "full" and an auto-sensing mode. half-duplex (HX) alternating bidirectional data transmission full-duplex (FX) simultaneous bidirectional data transmission auto automatic detection of duplex mode of other network equipment IMPORTANT: In some cases it is necessary to set the duplex mode manually as this is the only way to guarantee proper functionality. Timeout The IO [io] allows only one IP-remote connection at a time. The remote connection will be monitored with the help of keep-alive packets. The timeout value is the frequency of keep-alive packets transmission in seconds. An appropriate value is s. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

54 50 Whenever the Remote Control Software is not able to establish a connection to the IO [io] within the specified timeout value the error message above is displayed. You may either try to reconnect or abort the connection to the IO [io]. Time-to-live (TTL) The Time-to-live is used to indicate the maximum number of hops (routers) that may be passed by a single packet before being discarded. The TTL mechanism is used to prevent packets from being routed endlessly in the network. Dependent on different implementations the TTL parameter is usually set to a value between 1 and 255. Every router that is passed by the packet will reduce the TTL value which is part of the IP-header by 1. IP-packets reaching a TTL value of 0 will be discarded. Mode This option gives you the opportunity to select between constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate (VBR). The overall bit rate is composed of the following parameters: video bit rate + audio bit rate + IP-overhead = overall bit rate a) CBR: The bit rate will not exceed the limit set for audio and video. This mode is recommended for transmissions with a limited bandwidth, e.g. E1 / T1 lines. b) VBR: The variable bit rate configured for video is an average value. The effective bit rate may exceed the defined limit over a certain period of time. Measured over a time frame of several video frames the average bit rate equals the configured value in the "Video Encoder" copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

55 51 In times of high movement in the picture the encoder will automatically use a higher bit rate to maintain a certain picture quality while the bit rate will be reduced in case of less movement in the video signal. The usage of VBR is recommended in applications with "bandwidth headroom" like a LAN. Size This parameter defines the packet size of the IP-datagrams used by the IO [io]. The maximum value - the so-called MTU (maximum transfer unit) - is 1518 bytes. Ethernet itself requires 18 bytes. Thus the MTU for IP-based networks is 1500 bytes. The packet size on the IO [io] is limited to a range of bytes. User name / Password The access to the IO [io] can be protected with the help of a user name and a password. as default the user name and password are not activated. To set the user name and password simply enter both and hit the "change" button. Whenever the unit is password protected the following screen will appear as login screen: IMPORTANT: User name and password are only used for log-in over IP. It is not required for a serial remote connection. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

56 52 Type of service (ToS) Type of service is a common indication that specifies the correct functionality of all participating components in a telecommunication network. Type of service is adaptable to different applications. For most applications in the internet the throughput is typically the most important indicator. In real-time applications (e.g. A/V streaming) it is absolutely necessary to have the shortest possible latency. IPTV makes great demands on the ToS because even the smallest deficiencies in the the ToS result in a visible loss of the picture quality. The IO [io] uses 7 bit of the ToS-byte in the IPv4 header to signalize the priority of IP-packets. The following two tables contain information about the different precedence modes and the type of copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

57 Connection for the 1st time When connecting the IO [io] for the first time please follow the steps below. They will help you to avoid any wrong configuration and guide you to a basic setup for LAN tests. With this setup it is possible to check the main functionality of all interfaces of the system. 1. Connect the IO [io] and a PC via Ethernet cable to a switch 2. Connect your PC and the IO [io] with a serial cable (enclosed with the IO [io]) 3. Power on the the IO [io] + wait until the booting process is finished (ca. 25 s) 4. Start the Remote Control Software (exe-file) 5. Select the drop-down list on top of the program and enter the correct serial port (normally COM1) 6. Hit enter 7. The IO [io] configuration window will pop up 8. Adapt the IP-settings to the settings of your PC 9. Reboot the unit 10. Now you may connect to the IO [io] by selecting the device from the drop down list of the Remote Control Software If you have an IO [io] 8001 it is possible to change these settings on the front panel. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

58 Update Firmware The IO [io] can be kept on an up-to-date level with firmware updates. The firmware can be downloaded from MAYAH's FTP-download server which can be reached under the following direct link: If you are using an FTP-client please use the following login data: Host: ftp.mayah.com User ID: mayah-download Password: download The update file for the IO [io] uses the extension UPD. To update the firmware of the IO [io] select the update button in the networking window. After that you may select a local upd-file from your PC. After the selection of the update file the update progress starts automatically. The upload of the firmware to the IO [io] will be indicated by a progress bar. As soon as the progress bar reaches 100% the IO [io] will be rebooted. After reboot the new firmware will be installed to the device. This includes the update of the flash memory and the EEPROM of the audio video interface. The whole process will take approximately 4 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

59 55 IMPORTANT: Do not turn off off the IO [io] during the firmware update process as this might damage the unit. MAYAH Communications does not take any responsibility for damage due to improper handling during the firmware update process. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

60 Messages window The messages window allows you to manually set up the IO [io] with the help of direct commands. This kind of configuration can be compared to a telnet configuration. The figure below shows the messages window of the Remote Control Software including a description of the different parts of the window: Communication window: This text field displays the communication between the IO [io] and the Remote Control Software, e.g. all messages send during encoder / decoder start, error messages, synchronization loss, system time,... The window includes all communication since the start of the remote connection. send message: This text field can be used to either send or get direct commands to / from the IO [io]. Use the send button on the right to execute the direct command in the send message text field. The communication window will display the command sent followed by an acknowledgement from the IO [io]. IMPORTANT: Please refer to the Communication Reference Manual to get more information on all available direct copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

61 57 Example: Renaming the IO [io] - enter sys_name MAYAH IO (please note the underscore and the blanking) - hit the send button to confirm the entry - the IO [io] will answer with an acknowledgement send file: It is possible to send an ASCII - file to the IO [io] which contains a sequence of direct commands. This allows to start, for example, to start the encoder with a specific configuration. IMPORTANT: Note that only one direct command per line is allowed. clear: Use this button to delete all entries in the communication window above. key code & send key code: Some specific features on the IO [io] need to be activated via key code. This is currently intended for future use copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

62 System window The system window shows information about the installed hardware, software / firmware versions used and system health parameters. Included information in the system window: - serial number of the IO [io] - list with software versions: firmware, RTOS, IP, USB, SRC, AAC, Video MPEG4, Video H installed interface cards - system health information IMPORTANT: The system window is not active by default. It must be activated by creating an entry in the Windows Registry. As changes in the Registry might affect the proper functionality of your PC, please only change / add any entries if you are familiar with the Registry. Please note that MAYAH Communications does not take any responsibility in case of any malfunction when changing / adding entries in the Registry of your Microsoft Windows copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

63 Activating the system window can be done by following the steps below: 1. Open the Registry: Shortcut "Windows + R", enter "regedit" 2. Navigate to the following folder: HKEY_CURRENT_USER / Software / MAYAH Communications / Systemtool / IO 3. Do a right click on the right part of the window and select DWORD 4. Use the following parameters for the DWORD entry: Name: SystemTS Value: 1 Basis: hexadecimal copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH 59

64 Front panel Elements of the front panel The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 features 5 LEDs on the front plate. Thus the status of the device can be monitored at a view. Front plate LEDs 1. power: blue Lighted as long as the IO [io] is working. 2. framed: green LED is lighted permanently when the IO [io] is running as decoder. 3. connect: orange LED is lighted permanently when the IO [io] is running as encoder. 4. overload: orange On an audio overload of the selected input, this signal is turned on as long as the input signal exceeds the threshold. 5. alarm: red Any serious hardware problem is announced by this copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

65 61 Arrow keys UP / DOWN: Navigation in the menu tree. RIGHT: Hit this button to activate / select a menu item. LEFT: This button has 3 different functionalities: 1. Delete characters when in "input mode" 2. Navigate to parent window in the menu tree 3. Abort actions Numeric key pad The numeric key pad enables you to enter characters and numbers wherever required on the front panel display (e.g. IP-addresses, names and encoding parameters. The entering of the numbers and characters is the same as on any mobile phone. So the buttons have multiple functions that can be seen directly over the distinct button. The assignment of the buttons is as follows: IMPORTANT: Please keep in mind that the IO [io] 8000 does not feature the numeric key pad, arrow keys and LCD. So it is not possible to configure it via front panel. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

66 Root folder The front panel allows the configuration, setup and monitoring of the IO [io]. The root folder contains 4 menus. After booting process the IO [io] will appear with the following screen: 1. Connect: The encoder or decoder can be started and stopped from this menu. 2. Status: Audio and video encoding / decoding can be monitored 3. Presets: Create, manage or delete profiles, phonebook entries and sessions 4. Setup: Menu for the general setup of the device IMPORTANT: Information about navigation in the front panel menu can be found in the chapter "Elements of the front panel" Connect Menu The Connect menu allows the start and stop of the IO [io] either as encoder or decoder. Disconnect Use this option to stop the current process of the unit no matter if the device is running as an encoder or as a copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

67 63 Connect To actually start the IO [io] please use the connect option. After having selected this option in the Connect menu the following page will appear. Protocol: - HTTP: Encoder: establish an ISMA stream (RTP / UDP) without SAP announcement Decoder: receive an ISMA stream (RTP / UDP) from the specified address. The SDP-file is exchanged via HTTP. - RTP: for future use - SAP: Encoder: establish an ISMA stream (RTP / UDP) with SAP announcement Decoder: receive an ISMA stream (RTP / UDP) from the specified address. The decoder listens for the SDP-file on the specified address Codec: select between encoder or decoder Audio Destination: The destination / source address of the audio stream (including the port number) Video Destination: The destination / source address of the video stream (including the port number) SAP Talk (Encoder): Specify the desired address which is used by the encoder for SAP announcements. SAP Listen (Decoder): Specify the address on which the decoder is listening for SDP-files. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

68 64 IMPORTANT: Please refer to the chapter "Connection window" to get further information on the configuration of unicast, multicast and session announcements. Last Choosing this option will directly start the IO [io] with the setup lately used (encoder or decoder). The parameter in the brackets shows the destination address of the encoder or the source address of the decoder. This option can be compared to a redial button on a usual telephone. Phonebook The dialog enables to dial a phonebook entry. Selecting this menu item will open a page with a list of all available phonebook entries stored on the IO [io]. An IO [io] phonebook entry will start the following macro: - Setting the encoder or decoder parameter through a profile entry - Establishing a connection (encoder or decoder) IMPORTANT: Please bear in mind that a phonebook entry does not support the combination of audio and video. Please refer to the chapter "Presets >> Phonebook" to get additional information about the capabilities of a phonebook entry. Session Sessions on the IO [io] can be used to combine 2 phonebook entries, which enables you to quick start the IO [io] with a pre-defined setup using an audio and a video stream. Furthermore the streaming method of the IO [io] can be configured within the session. IMPORTANT: Please refer to the chapter "Presets >> Session" to get additional information about the capabilities of a copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

69 Status Menu The status window allows the user to retrieve specific information about the current encoding respectively decoding process of the IO [io]. The buttons "1" and "2" allow to switch between the 2 so-called sub codecs, where sub codec number 1 is used for the video encoding / decoding and sub codec 2 is used for audio. Use the UP / DOWN keys to select the different pages of the status menu which includes the following: 1. Input and audio level information The first status dialog provides you with the following information: Video: - Selected video input, video format and resolution - Selected video output, video format and resolution Audio: - input audio levels (E = Encoder) for left channel and right channel - output audio levels (D = Decoder) for left channel and right channel IMPORTANT: Audio levels refer to full scale in db. Additional information is given about the connection (protocol, source / destination address, port) on the bottom of this page. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

70 66 2. Encoder (video and audio) The second dialog of the status menu contains information about the current encoding process in case the IO [io] is running as an encoder. Type Defines the encoding algorithm currently used. Framerate (only for video) Shows the frame rate of the encoded video. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the encoder. The second value is measured every second. Samplerate (only for audio) Shows the sample rate of the encoded audio. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the encoder. The second value is measured every second. Bitrate Shows the bit rate of the encoded video. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the encoder. The second value is measured every second. Mode The mode shows the video standard and the resolution for video and the audio encoding mode of the audio sub codec. Interlace mode (only for video) The interlace mode of the video encoder is copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

71 67 Source (only for audio) The audio source currently used by the encoder is displayed. 3. Decoder (video and audio) The second dialog of the status menu contains information about the current decoding process in case the IO [io] is running as a decoder Type Defines the decoding algorithm currently used. Framerate (only for video) Shows the frame rate of the decoded video. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the decoder. The second value is measured every second. Samplerate (only for audio) Shows the sample rate of the decoded audio. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the decoder. The second value is measured every second. Bitrate Shows the bit rate of the decoded video. The first value is the configured value and the second is the value currently used by the decoder. The second value is measured every second. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

72 68 Mode The mode shows the video standard and the resolution for video and the audio decoding mode of the audio sub codec. Destination The currently used audio and video destination of the decoder is displayed. 4. UDP IPA (input packets): The number of UDP packets arriving on the network interface card no matter if they are destined for this interface or not. OPA (output packets): The number of outgoing UDP packets. This value is not restricted to audio and video data, but includes also level meter information sent to the Remote Control Software. IBR (input bit rate): not yet supported OBR (output bit rate): The calculated bit rate of all encoders (audio and video) including the headers (IEEE IP + UDP + RTP) of the encapsulated payload. IER (input errors): Number of received UDP packets that could not be forwarded to the copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

73 69 NoP (no port): restricted to input The number of UDP packets that arrived on the IO [io]'s Ethernet interface on ports that were not listening. Thus packets were discarded. 5. RTP IBR (input bit rate): restricted to decoder The measured input bit rate of the decoder including headers (IEEE IP + UDP + RTP). OBR (output bit rate): not yet supported LIS (listeners): restricted to encoder The number of active listeners created by the encoder. The registration of a listener is only possible for bi-directional connections. RCJ (receive jitter): restricted to decoder The receive jitter is calculated according to RFC 3550 (comparison of RTCP timestamps on the decoder). LOP (lost packets): restricted to decoder The number of lost packets. Lost packets always lead to a loss of audio / video data that can not be recovered. The first value represents the total amount of sequence errors since the start of the stream while the second value is the amount of packets within the last minute. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

74 70 SEQ (sequence errors): restricted to decoder The number of sequence errors (swapped packets). Up to a certain amount of packets, the IO [io] is capable to reorder the sequences on the decoding side. If this is not possible for a packet it is counted as a lost packet (LOP). The first value represents the total amount of sequence errors since the start of the stream while the second value is the amount of packets within the last minute. MDI (media delivery index): restricted to decoder The MDI comprises of 2 values. The presentation of the MDI is as [DF : MLR]. IMPORTANT: Additional information on the networking statistics and the Media Delivery Index can be found on MAYAH's web page using the following link: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

75 Presets Menu The Connect menu allows the start and stop of the IO [io] either as encoder or decoder. New Session Entry This dialog enables to create a new session entry. On the IO [io] up to 256 sessions can be stored. The following parameters can be set: Name Defines the name of the session. The maximum length of the name is 256 characters. Mode The session mode describes the streaming method used by the IO [io]. - ISMA: (see also chapter "Connection window") - MPEG-TS (see also chapter "Connection window") - Unused (session is inactive) Subcodec With this option the subcodec can be selected. The IO [io] supports up to 2 sub codecs where usually sub codec 1 is used for video and sub codec 2 is used for audio. Thus every sub codec number represents a different destination, i.e. it is assigned to a different elementary stream. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

76 72 Phonebook One phonebook entry can be set for each sub codec. The phonebook entry can be set to: - OFF: the specific sub codec is not used / inactive - Current setting: Uses the current settings / configuration of the IO [io] - A predefined phonebook entry from the list Edit Session Entry This dialog enables to modify an already existing session entry. The session entry can be selected from a list. Delete Session Entry This dialog enables to delete an already existing session entry. The session entry can be selected from a list. New Phonebook Entry This dialog enables to create a new phonebook entry. On the IO [io] up to 256 phonebook entries can be stored. Phonebook entries are used in sessions as connection settings for the specific sub codec. Name Defines the name of the phonebook entry. The maximum length of the name is 256 characters. EncProfile The encoder profile can be selected here. The profile can selected from a copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

77 73 IMPORTANT: As the IO [io] does not support encoding and decoding simultaneously, please make sure to set the DecProfile to "unused" when planning to use the device as an encoder. DecProfile The decoder profile can be selected here. Currently this option is without functionality as the IO [io] uses auto recognition to receive the stream or uses the SDP-file to retreive information about the composition of the current stream. Interface The streaming interface can be selected. Currently only NET is available. Dest.1 Specify the destination address for the elementary stream followed by the port number (e.g :5004). Edit Phonebook Entry This dialog enables to modify an already existing phonebook entry. The phonebook entry can be selected from a list. Delete Phonebook Entry This dialog enables to delete an already existing phonebook entry. The phonebook entry can be selected from a list. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

78 74 New Profile Entry This dialog enables to create a new profile entry. On the IO [io] up to 256 profiles can be stored. Profiles are used in phonebook entries as encoder or decoder settings. Depending on the selection of the Type the following parameters can be set: Name The profile name can be specified with a maximal length of 20 characters. Type Currently the IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms for audio and video: - Video H Video MPEG4 - AAC (HE) - AAC (MPEG4) - AAC (MPEG2) Framerate Sets the frame rate of the encoder. The value must be entered in frames per second. Example: = 25 fps Bitrate Sets the bit rate of the encoder. The value must be entered in copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

79 75 Mode (only for audio) Sets the audio mode for the encoder to one of the following: - mono - dual mono - joint stereo - stereo Samplerate (only for audio) Sets the sample rate for the encoder. Source (only for audio) Sets the audio input for the encoder. Please refer to chapter "Audio window" for additional information on all available inputs. Dependency (only for audio) - used by the Centauri II audio codec Signal (only for audio) - used by the Centauri II audio codec Delay (only for audio) - used by the Centauri II audio codec Format (only for audio) - used by the Centauri II audio codec (ISDN) Device - used by the old IO [io] model Ancillary mode (only for audio) - for future use Protection (only for audio) - for future use Width / Height (only for video) Interlace mode (only for video) Key frame period (only for video) VBV size (only for video) Scene cut detection (only for video) Pixel width / height (only for video) Deblock filter (only for video) Deringing (only for video) Motion estimation accuracy (only for Video MPEG4) High complexity (only for Video MPEG4) Frame skip probability (only for Video MPEG4) copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

80 76 Resize mode (only for Video MPEG4) Look ahead (only for Video H264) CABAC (only for Video H264) Complexity (only for Video H264) Slices (only for Video H264) IMPORTANT: Please refer to the chapter "Video Encoder window" to get information about the specific video encoding parameters. Edit Profile Entry This dialog enables to modify an already existing profile entry. The profile entry can be selected from a list. Delete Profile Entry This dialog enables to delete an already existing profile entry. The profile entry can be selected from a copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

81 Setup Menu The Setup menu allows the manual configuration of the IO [io]. It includes the following sub menus (which might contain sub menus as well): Audio Encoder Type Currently the IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms for audio: - AAC (HE) - AAC (MPEG4) - AAC (MPEG2) Samplerate (only for audio) Sets the sample rate for the encoder. Bitrate Sets the bit rate of the encoder. The value must be entered in bits per second. Mode (only for audio) Sets the audio mode for the encoder to one of the following: - mono - dual mono - joint stereo - stereo Bandwidth - for future use Protection (only for audio) - for future use Device - used by the old IO [io] model copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

82 78 Video Encoder Type Currently the IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms for video: - Video H Video MPEG4 Framerate Sets the frame rate of the encoder. The value must be entered in frames per second. Example: = 25 fps Bitrate Sets the bit rate of the encoder. The value must be entered in bits. Width / Height The resolution of the encoded video can be set by these two parameters. IMPORTANT: Please refer to the chapter "Cropping" to get information about the specific video encoding parameters. Interlace mode Key frame period VBV size Scene cut detection Pixel width / height Deblock copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

83 79 Deringing Motion estimation accuracy (only for Video MPEG4) High complexity (only for Video MPEG4) Frame skip probability (only for Video MPEG4) Resize mode (only for Video MPEG4) Look ahead (only for Video H264) CABAC (only for Video H264) Complexity (only for Video H264) Slices (only for Video H264) IMPORTANT: Please refer to the chapter "Video Encoder window" to get information about the specific video encoding parameters. Audio Decoder Type Currently the IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms for audio: - AAC (HE) - AAC (MPEG4) - AAC (MPEG2) Ancillary - for future use Protection - for future use Delay Defines the audio input buffer used to compensate the influence of network jitter. Device - used by the old IO [io] model copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

84 80 Video Decoder Type Currently the IO [io] supports the following encoding algorithms for video: - Video H Video MPEG4 Deblocking An optional deblocking filter may be added to the decoding process. Deringing An optional deringing filter may be added to the decoding process. Width / Height Defines the video output resolution in case the resizing mode is set to manual. Resize mode The IO [io] decoder is capable of doing a resizing of the video on the decoding side. The following options may be selected: - encoder: decoder will use the same size as the encoder - encoder and PAR: decoder will use the same size as the encoder including the PAR - manual: the picture size can be set manually on the decoder - full: resizes the output picture to full D1 resolution VBV size - for future use Device - used by the old IO [io] copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

85 81 Audio Settings Audio In - Out Currently the IO [io] supports the encoding of a stereo audio input. The input may be selected from one of the following: ANALOG: L/R XLR connector ANALOG 34: channel 3/4 of the analog D- Sub 25 connector ANALOG 56: channel 5/6 of the analog D-Sub 25 connector ANALOG 78: channel 7/8 of the analog D-Sub 25 connector AES/EBU: channel 1/2 of the AES / EBU D-Sub 25 connector AES/EBU 34: channel 3/4 of the AES / EBU D-Sub 25 connector AES/EBU 56: channel 5/6 of the AES / EBU D-Sub 25 connector AES/EBU 78: channel 7/8 of the AES / EBU D-Sub 25 connector SDI 12: SDI embedded audio channel 1/2 SDI 34: SDI embedded audio channel 3/4 SDI 56: SDI embedded audio channel 5/6 SDI 78: SDI embedded audio channel 7/8 IMPORTANT: The encoded / received IO [io] audio will be available on the all available audio outputs. Example: SDI 12 is selected as the audio input. The audio signal is available on the following outputs: SDI 12, XLR L/R and AES / EBU 12 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

86 82 Mono channel mix In mono mode this selects which audio channel is used: - Left: Only left audio channel is used - Right: Only right audio channel is used - Stereo: Left and right audio signal is used (L + R = - 6 db) Analog levels This dialog enables you to set the maximum analog input level (i.e. level before the A/D converter) respectively the maximum analog output level (i.e. level after D/A converter). These levels are the co-called clipping levels. Level The minimum level value is 0 dbu and the maximum value is 18 dbu. The following options can be selected: dbu dbu - Adjust (specify the level manually with the UP / DOWN keys) Video In - Out This dialog allows the configuration and selection of the video input and / or the video output of the IO copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

87 83 Video In Format Defines the TV-standard of the input video signal between: - PAL - NTSC - NTSC - SB Input Selects the video input interface from one of the below: - SDI - analog Composite / CVBS - analog Component - S-Video Brightness Set the brightness of the input video. The brightness can be set in a range between 0 and The default value is Luma Set the luma value of the input video. The luma can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Chroma Red Set the chroma red value of the input video. The chroma red can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Chroma Blue Set the chroma blue value of the input video. The chroma blue can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Logo - not yet supported copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

88 84 Field order When working with interlaced video signals the first field of the video input signal can be set manually. Width / Height Set the resolution of the input video. The values defined here specify the size of the picture that is "cropped" from the video input. X-offset / Y-offset Defines the starting coordinates for the cropping of the input video. IMPORTANT: A more detailed information about input resolution and offset can be found in the chapter " Cropping". Video Out Format Defines the TV-standard of the input video signal between: - PAL - NTSC - NTSC - SB Chroma Red Set the chroma red value of the output video. The chroma red can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Chroma Blue Set the chroma blue value of the output video. The chroma red can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Luma Set the luma value of the output video. The luma can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

89 85 Brightness Set the brightness value of the output video. The brightness can be set in a range between 0 to The default value is Video Sync The video synchronization source of the video output can be set to one of the following: - Internal - Genlock (SDI) - Genlock (Component) Field order When working with interlaced video signals the first field of the video output signal can be set manually. X-offset / Y-offset Defines the location of the first pixel in the first row of the active video. Negative values move the picture to the left and positive to the right. This option can be used in real-time. IMPORTANT: A more detailed information about input resolution and offset can be found in the chapter "Video output window". copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

90 86 Interface Interface Selects the network interface card. Currently the IO [io] supports only one Ethernet interface. Address Sets the IP-address of the selected Ethernet interface card (e.g ). Netmask Sets the subnet mask of the selected Ethernet interface card (e.g ). Gateway Defines the default network gateway for the selected Ethernet interface card. DNS server Defines the default DNS server for the selected Ethernet interface card. SNMP server Defines the SNMP server for the IO [io]. The specified address will be used as the receiver of SNMP copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

91 87 Transfer rate Defines the transfer rate (speed) for the selected Ethernet interface card to one of the following: - 10 Mbit/s Mbit/s - 1 Gbit/s - Auto (auto-sensing of the transfer rate) Duplex mode Defines the operating mode for the selected Ethernet interface card to one of the following: - half - full - Auto (auto-sensing of the duplex mode) SNMP traps The IO [io] can handle SNMP traps according to SNMP versions: Packet size Defines the maximum packet size of the IP-datagrams used by the IO [io]. The IO [io] supports values in the range between 400 to 1400 bytes. Packet size mode This defines the mode how the IO [io] encodes the audio and video media. There are two possibilities: Fixed: constant bit rate Variable: variable bit rate copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

92 88 Frontpanel Backlight The backlight of the IO [io] can be turned on or off according to your requirements. Contrast Adapts the LCD contrast to your requirements. Use the UP / DOWN keys to change this parameter. Miscellaneous Language Selects the language of the front panel to one of the following: - English - German - Spanish Identification This dialog comprises the following items: - ID: the name of the device can be set here (direct command sys_name) - SN: shows the serial number of the IO copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

93 89 Versions This window contains detailed information about the installed firmware version. Factory Default This option allows you to set the unit back to factory default. It is possible to select between different options: - All - System - Encoder - Decoder - Audio - IP - Common - SNMP trap - Event Action - Ancillary Data - TTL output - Timeouts - Regulation - Video - Frontpanel - Session - Ports - Keycodes - DHCP IMPORTANT: Please refer to the Appendix of the Communication Reference Manual for a detailed information on which parameters are reset by the distinct options. The Communication Reference Manual can be found on the enclosed CD. The settings of your IO [io] are not stored before the reset. Please be careful when using the reset to factory defaults. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

94 90 Timeouts Set the Windows Remote Software timeout in seconds. This timeout refers to any winsocket IP control connection as it is e.g. used by the IO [io] Windows Remote Control Software. It determines whether the IO [io] releases an idle winsocket IP control connection automatically. A value of "0" means that this timeout is not active. This parameter can be helpful in case the IP remote control session was temporarily interrupted due to connection problems with the link. The timeout value represents the time in seconds after which the IO [io] will terminate the connection. Ancillary - for future use Time settings This dialog enables to set the "Date & Time" and the "Timezone". Date & Time The following date formats can be selected: - D. M. Y (day, month, year) - usually used in Europe - M / D / Y (month, day, year) - used in the USA - Y - M - D (year, month, day) - according to ISO 8601 You may select between a 24 h format or a 12 h format (a.m. / copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

95 91 Timezone Bias The bias is the difference in minutes between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and local time. All translations between UTC and local time are based on the following formula: UTC = local time + bias. Standard The standard date specifies a system time structure that contains a date and local time when the transition from daylight saving time to standard time occurs on this IO [io]. If this date is not specified, the month member in the system time structure must be zero. If this date is specified the 'day light date' value in must also be specified. To select the correct day in the month set the year member to zero, the 'day of week' member to an appropriate weekday (usually Sunday), and the day member to a value in the range 1 through 5. Using this notation the last Sunday in October can be specified (5 is equal to "the last"). Daylight The daylight date specifies a system time structure that contains a date and local time when the transition from standard time to daylight saving time occurs on this IO [io]. If this date is not specified, the month member in the system time copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

96 92 structure must be zero. If this date is specified the 'standard date' value in the timezone structure must also be specified. To select the correct day in the month set the year member to zero, the 'day of week' member to an appropriate weekday, and the day member to a value in the range 1 through 5. Using this notation the last in March can be specified (5 is equal to "the last"). Save Saves the time zone settings in the internal file 'timezone.dat' and validates them immediately. Otherwise changes of time zone settings becomes valid after the next start of the IO [io]. G.711 options - for future use Reboot Softly reboots the IO [io] by executing the direct command sys_reboot. A hard reboot needs to be done on the back of the IO [io]. However the result of a hard and a soft reboot is the same. System health The system health dialog contains information about specific system parameters. These may also be checked via direct command IMPORTANT: A more detailed information about system health can be found in the chapter "System copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

97 Telnet In some cases it can be inevitable to configure the IO [io] via Telnet. This can be the case when there is no PC with proper remote control software available. Therefore the IO [io] supports Telnet configuration. Configuration via Telnet requires either a serial connection between the IO [io] and the PC or an IP-connection. Serial connection You can use any Telnet software for configuration (e.g. Hyper Terminal, that comes along with Microsoft Windows OS). For communication you need the following parameters: 1. Baud rate: Parity: none 3. Stop bits: 1 4. Databits: 8 After correct setup you can directly communicate with the machine. All available commands can be found in the Communication Reference Manual (PDF-file also on the enclosed CD). The commands for the IO [io] are disposed into 7 categories: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

98 94 1. com_ common commands 2. dec_ decoder commands 3. enc_ encoder commands 4. ip_ network / IP commands 5. sys_ system commands 6. video_ video commands 7. audio_ audio commands IMPORTANT: A complete list of all available commands, their exact syntax and other related information can be found in the Communication Reference Manual. To check the status of the different commands please append a? to the designated command. The following command provides you with all possible parameters of the video group : IP-connection Establishing a Telnet IP-connection is done by using the IP-address of the IO [io] on port The figure below shows how to establish an IP-telnet connection using the Windows console: IMPORTANT: As the IO [io] allows only one IP-connection at a time, please make sure that you have no other remote connection established (either Telnet or Windows Remote Control copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

99 3 Maintenance 3.1 Log-files 95 For maintenance purposes the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 writes all actions during the streaming process to an internal file. This log-file can be used for troubleshooting. Below you can see an extract out of the log-file: There are 2 different log-files available on the IO [io]: LogAct.txt The log-file containing the latest entries. LogOld.txt In case LogAct.txt is full the information of LogAct.txt is stored here. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

100 96 Maintenance The log-files are directly stored into the root folder of the disk-on-module of the IO [io]. They can be downloaded via FTP. To access the unit via FTP please use an FTP tool or the Microsoft Explorer. The login to the device requires the following parameters: User name: Admin Password: Power The size of both log-files is set to 204 kbyte as default. If you would like to change the size of the log-files to adapt it to your requirements this can be done with a direct command: sys_logsize X (where X is the size in kbyte) sys_logsize 0 configures the size of the log-file to its default value. IMPORTANT: Please keep in mind that the size of the disk-on-module is 32 MByte. The free disk space is approximately 19 MByte. Make sure to not exceed this size for your copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

101 Maintenance 97 Here is a list with the most important entries in the log-file. For more information on log-file entries and a complete list of all commands please refer to the latest version of the Communication Reference Manual. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

102 Maintenance Ports When working with the IO [io] the following ports are required for the different protocols: IMPORTANT: Please make sure to check and open all these ports in your firewall. In some cases Ports most be opened together with the required copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

103 Maintenance Structure of the disk-on-module The disk-on-module contains the operating system of the IO [io] as well as additional files required for the proper functionality and operation / configuration of the device. It can be accessed via FTP by using the following default login data: Host: <IP-address of the device> User ID: Admin Password: Power The following graphic shows the content of the root folder of the IO [io]. 1. Folders a) Actions: Files / scripts for event action programming are saved in this folder. The following picture shows the default contents of the Actions folder. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

104 100 Maintenance b) CFG: The configuration of all IO [io] parameters is stored here. c) LCDFNT: Font information for the front panel LCD d) LCDGFX: Graphics for the front panel LCD e) Video: Bitmaps and firmware for the audio / video interface of the IO copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

105 Maintenance 101 f) www: SDP file is stored here as well as intended for future use of the web remote software 2. Files Config.dat: Contains information about the current configuration of the IO [io]. hardware.ver: Hardware information of the device (model no.,...) Install.txt: A list with all installed files (reference is the last firmware update) LogAct.txt: Current log-file LogOld.txt: Old log-file nic_0.ini / nic_1.ini: Network Interface Card information Phone.dat: Phonebook of the IO [io] Profile.dat: Profile list of the IO [io] ProtIsdn.dat: Not used by the IO [io] routing.inf: Not used by the IO [io] software.ver: Information about the installed software versions (Firmware, RTOS, IP, RTP, AAC, USB, SRC, Video) Symgain.dat: Information for the audio interface copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

106 Maintenance Reset to factory defaults In some cases it can be very useful to set the IO [io] back to factory defaults. This creates a defined status of the unit and you exactly know from which point to start with the configuration. There are three ways to reset the unit to factory defaults: 1. Remote Control Software: The direct command "sys_reset X" can be used in the Remote Control Software's "Messages" tab. The value X represents one of the parameters in the list at the end of this chapter. 2. Clean up the config-files on the disk-on-module (FTP): The the disk-on-module of the IO [io] contains all the information about the configuration of the unit. To reset the device to factory defaults connect to the unit over FTP. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

107 Maintenance 103 Delete the following files in the root folder: - Config.dat - Phone.dat - Profile.dat Additional files are stored in the CFG-folder. You may delete all or keep any file containing parameters you would like to keep from your current setup. Example: Deleting all files except the "ipcfg.dat" will keep your IP-configuration (IP-address,...) but delete all other settings from the IO [io]. In this case you are still able to connect to the IO [io] with the "old" IP-settings but all other settings are set to their default values. 3. Front panel of the IO [io] 8001: Please navigate to the root menu of the front panel. Select the folder Setup to reach the first submenu. Now select the item Miscellaneous which leads you to the Factory Default item. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

108 104 Maintenance The Factory Default menu allows to set the following parameters: For a detailed information on the distinct parameters please refer to the Communication Reference copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

109 Maintenance Direct commands The direct commands for the IO [io] are disposed into 7 categories: 1. com_ common commands 2. dec_ decoder commands 3. enc_ encoder commands 4. ip_ IP commands 5. sys_ system specific commands 6. video_ commands to configure the video interfaces 7. audio_ commands to configure the audio interfaces A list of all available commands of one of the groups can be obtained by using the following string: video_? (a list of all video_ commands is displayed) To check the current status of a certain parameter please use the following string: video_inheight? (will return the configured input height of the video) copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

110 106 Maintenance The following list provides you with the most useful direct commands: As the IO [io] is streaming audio and video there are 2 so-called subcodecs running at the same time. They are differentiated by a number and a $-sign in advance of the direct command. Subcodec #1 is used for the video encoding while audio is using subcodec # 2. 1$enc_algo? (will return the encoding algorithm of the video subcodec) 2$enc_algo? (will return the encoding algorithm of the audio subcodec) IMPORTANT: For a detailed explanation of each direct command please refer to the Communication Reference Manual. All available commands are also available as an SNMP-OID and can be checked from an SNMP management copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

111 Maintenance System health A basic troubleshooting can be done with the help of the Remote Control Software or a Telnet connection to the IO [io]. To perform a health check you have different opportunities. Remote Control Software / Telnet: To retrieve the system status of the IO [io] please use the following command: sys_healthx (where X is a value between 1 and 4) copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

112 108 Maintenance The following tables contain all necessary information about how to evaluate the return values of the system health copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

113 Maintenance Test signals The IO [io] includes a test pattern generator that can be used to check specific parameters of the video outputs. The test patterns can be activated be using the following direct command in the messages tab of the IO [io] Remote Control Software: video_outtestsignal X (X can be retrieved from the table below) The following table shows the different test patterns: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

114 110 Maintenance IMPORTANT: Please make sure to stop the IO [io] from encoding / decoding before using the device as a pattern generator. In addition to the video test patterns the IO [io] is also capable of creating an audio test tone (sine wave). Like the video test signal the audio tone can be activated by using a direct command in the messages tab of the IO [io] Remote Control Software: audio_outtestsignal X (where X is a value between 20 and 24000) IMPORTANT: The value X for the audio test generator is the value in copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

115 Maintenance Event Action Programming The IO [io] provides the so-called Event Action Programming. This can be utilized by the unit to monitor defined actions and automatically react on them. User programmable scripts can be uploaded to the IO [io]. The length and complexity depends on the amount of parameters / events that should be monitored. Generally the IO [io] Event Action Programming has the intention to combine events like: - alarm on / off - connect on / off - framed on / off - overload on / off - TTL input high / low These events can be combined with actions. An action is a set of IO [io] direct commands which will be executed on a certain event. All monitored events are defined in a file named savecond.vnt. This file is located in the Actions folder on the disk-on-module. This file is executed on each system start / reboot. You may also add certain start parameters to this file. The actions on the events are stored in CAF-files. A CAF-file must be located in the Actions folder as well. By creating a special event file this section will explain the basics on how to use commands to define a monitoring. To start with programming the savecond.vnt is created. It is a usual ASCII - file. The definition of the events is done here. The following command is used to monitor an event: event_set <param1> <param2> <param3> <param4> <param5> <param6> copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

116 Maintenance 112 <param1> - this is the actual event [alarm_on, alarm_off, connect_on, connect_off, centronic_a_on, centronic_a_off,..., centronic_e_on, centronic_e_off, ttl_1_on, ttl_1_off,..., ttl_8_on, ttl_8_off] <param2> [number of combinations (1... 5)] <param3> - the name of the CAF-file (without CAF- extension / max. 8 chars length) [action file name] <param4> - condition [false, true, alarm,!alarm,...] <param5> - duration before an event becomes true [time in ms] <param6> - time before an event will be executed [time in ms] Example code for a backup of one IO [io] copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

117 Maintenance 113 Requirements: - provide the same audio / video input to both encoders - connect a special USB to TTL cable from the USB output of Encoder 1 to the TTL I/O of Encoder 2 Encoder 1 is the main unit streaming to the decoder. The 2nd encoder monitors the 1st device. Therefore both units are connected with a special cable (USB to TTL). The IO [io] Encoder 2 monitors the input voltage of the Encoder 1. As soon as there is a power down on Encoder 1 the output level of the USB interface changes from "high" to "low". So does the TTL input of Encoder 2. In this case Encoder 2 is started. Whenever Encoder 1 is turned off the decoder will lose its framing. The scripting on the decoder stops the decoder and establishes automatically a connection to Encoder 2. Encoder 2 will continue to monitor the USB output of Encoder 1. As soon as Encoder 1 is booted up again Encoder 2 will stop the streaming and Encoder 1 will start. The Decoder is now changing automatically from Encoder 2 back to Encoder 1. Scripting on the Encoder 2: savecond.vnt This file contains the events that are monitored. For the backup solution "Input A" of the TTL interface is used. For our application the savecond-file looks as follows: event_set centronic_a_off 1 backup true event_set centronic_a_on 1 backdown true copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

118 114 Maintenance Line 1: This event checks on the impedance change from "high" to "low" of Input A. If this happens the action file backup.caf is executed. The timeout condition must be fulfilled. To configuration of an appropriate timeout value is very important. Line 2: This event is the reverse of line 1. In case the main encoder is back the condition centronic_a_on becomes true and the action file backdown.caf is executed. backup.caf This action file is executed in case Encoder 1 is powered down. Encoder 2 is started which is done by the following direct commands: 1$com_connect 1 sap:// :5004 video chain started 2$com_connect 1 sap:// :5006 audio chain started In this case a multicast stream is started and the session announcement with SAP is activated. backdown.caf (Encoder 1 back, Encoder 2 stopped) com_waitmsecs wait for ms 1$com_disconnect 0 stop the video streaming 2$com_disconnect 0 stop the audio streaming Although the USB level of Encoder 1 is "high" the booting process takes some time. For that reason line 1 is included which is telling Encoder 2 to wait for 15 s before executing the following lines. Scripting on the Decoder: The configuration on the decoder is quite simple. In case of a framing loss from Encoder 1 the decoder stops automatically and tries to receive the stream from Encoder copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

119 Maintenance 115 savecond.vnt To set the monitoring of the framing the following line is needed: event_set framed_off 1 backup true In case the decoder loses the framing for more than 1000 ms in a period of 2000 ms the action file "backup.caf" is started. backup.caf The action file contains the following code: 1$com_disconnect 0 disconnect video 2$com_disconnect 0 disconnect audio com_waitmsecs 3000 wait for 3000 ms 1$com_connect 2 connect video to Encoder 2 2$com_connect 2 connect audio to Encoder 2 com_waitmsecs 2000 wait for 2000 ms 1$com_connect 2 connect video to Encoder 1 2$com_connect 2 connect video to Encoder 1 The file backup.caf is executed in case the framing from the currently received stream is lost. The decoder is stopped and trying to connect to Encoder 1. If this is not possible, the Decoder tries to establish a connection to Encoder 2. IMPORTANT: Additional information can be found in the Communication Reference Manual. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

120 Maintenance RMA Procedure Warranty Information MAYAH Communications GmbH's devices are manufactured according to the highest standards in the industry. That is why MAYAH Communications GmbH grants a warranty of 24 months. Repair and Shipping instructions In case you are facing any problem (software, hardware, functionality) please contact the support team from MAYAH Communications GmbH via ( info@mayah.com) or phone ( ). Before sending MAYAH products back to MAYAH Communications GmbH, please follow the steps below: 1. Inform us about model, serial number and a description of failure via ( rma@mayah.com) or fax ( ) 2. You will receive an RMA confirmation including your unique RMA No. Please use this number as a reference when shipping the device or if you would like to get information about the repair status. 3. You will receive a repair instruction by your preferred communication mean, e.g. with address shipping and payment details. 4. Send the device without accessories in the original packaging properly packed to your account. 5. The transport costs of your device(s) back will be invoiced. The shipment address for RMA devices is: MAYAH Communications GmbH Dept.: Repair Services Graf-Zeppelin-Str Flensburg copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

121 Maintenance 117 RMA Return Policy 1. Warranty Repair Freight charges: The customer is responsible for shipping the products for repair to MAYAH Communications. After repair, if the repair are covered under warranty, MAYAH Communications GmbH will return the products to the customer. Repair fees: Warranted repairs are not invoiced. There is no guarantee for damages which are caused by improper use of fair wear and tear by the customer or third parties. 2. Non-Warranty Repair Freight charges: The customer is responsible for shipping the products for repair to MAYAH Communications. The cost for return shipment will be charged on the customer's account. Repair fees: Non-warranted repair are invoiced the standard repair service fee, regardless of the warranty status. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

122 118 Maintenance 4 Synchronization 4.1 Genlock The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 offers the possibility to synchronize the output video to an external analog black burst source. Thus the decoder can be perfectly integrated into your studio environment. The IO [io] video output can be used in two different modes: 1. Internal: The IO [io] uses its internal quartz oscillator to create the video output clocking. 2. Genlock: The output can be synchronized to an external black burst source. The output that is intended to be synchronized must be configured manually in the Remote Control Software of the IO [io]. This is done in the Video Output window. IMPORTANT: Please note that the IO [io] is only able to synchronize the SDI output and the analog component (Y Pr Pb) output. Synchronization of the CVBS or SVideo output are not supported. IMPORTANT: The Genlock input of the IO [io] is directly looped to the Genlock output of the copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

123 Synchronization System time The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used to synchronize the time of a computer client or server to another server or reference time source, such as a radio, satellite receiver or modem. It provides accuracies typically within a millisecond on LANs and up to a few tens of milliseconds on WANs relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) via a Global Positioning Service (GPS) receiver, for example. Typical NTP configurations utilize multiple redundant servers and diverse network paths in order to achieve high accuracy and reliability. The standard time scale used by most nations of the world is UTC, which is based on the Earth's rotation about its axis, and the Gregorian Calendar, which is based on the Earth's rotation about the sun. The UTC time scale is disciplined with respect to International Atomic Time (TAI) by inserting leap seconds at intervals of about 18 months. UTC time is disseminated by various means, including radio and satellite navigation systems, telephone modems and portable clocks. The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 uses the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Version 4 which is described in RFC The currently implemented default time scale is the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), described above. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

124 120 Synchronization NTP is available for the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 by default. All NTP information is included within an INI-File on the internal flashcard (disk-on-module). The file is named NTP.INI and is stored in the CFG-Folder. To change any settings (interval, time server) the file needs to be downloaded via FTP. This file includes the following information: Interval=3600 // interval in seconds for time leveling Server1=ptbtime1.ptb.de // Server address (DNS) of NTP-server # 1 Server2= // Server address (IP) of NTP-server # 2 Server3= // not active if set to Server4= Server5= After modifying this INI-file, the changes will be accepted with the next interval. To activate the changes immediately, the IO [io] needs to be restarted. IMPORTANT: Note that for using names (e.g. ptbtime1.ptb.de ) the DNS-server must be set copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

125 Synchronization 5 Technical Data 5.1 Power Specifications 121 The IO [io] system power specifications are shown in the following table: 5.2 Environmental Specifications The requirements and electrical specifications listed in this chapter apply over an ambient temperature range of + 20 C to + 30 C. The equipment is dedicated to be operated in an environment specified by the ETS standard. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

126 122 Technical Data 5.3 Connector Pin-outs AES / EBU (D-Sub 25) The IO [io] uses a D-Sub 25 connector for AES / EBU digital audio. It offers input and output of 4 AES / EBU channels. The pin assignment is according to the Tascam standard that can be obtained from the following copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

127 Technical Data Analog Audio (D-Sub 25) Besides the analog balanced XLR In / Out the IO [io] offers the usage of a D-Sub 25 breakout cable. Both input and output support up to 4 stereo audio channels. The pin assignment is according to the well-known Tascam standard and can be found below: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

128 Technical Data Ethernet (RJ45) The Ethernet interface of the IO [io] uses a standard 8-pin RJ-45 connector which supports 10 / 100 / 1000 BaseT Ethernet. It is recommended to use Cat 5 unshielded twisted pair cable for connection. The pin assignment of the Ethernet interface is as copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

129 Technical Data RS-232 For serial remote connections the IO [io] features an RS-232 connector on the rear panel of the unit. The pin assignment of the RS-232 interface is as follows: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

130 Technical Data S-Video In addition to the well-known and widespread used video interfaces (SDI, CVBS and Y Cb Cr) the IO [io] offers an S-Video interface (In / Out) which allows the connection of a e.g. DVD player. The S-Video interface uses a standard 4-pin mini DIN adapter with the pin assignment described copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

131 Technical Data TTL I/O The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 is able to asynchronously transmit messages without an external request. These messages are used to indicate status change, an alarm or an error. The automatic reaction on certain events or status changes must be configured on the IO [io] with the help of Event Action Programming. IMPORTANT: The status of the TTL level is measured every 5 ms. Level differences between two measurements can not be recognized. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

132 Technical Data VGA The VGA interface uses a D-Sub 15 connector with the following pin copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

133 Technical Data Dimensions The IO [io] installs in a standard 19-inch equipment rack. When planning the placement of equipment in your rack, please bear in mind the following: - The IO [io] requires 5 inches (12.7 cm) of clearance behind the rear panel to allow room for connectors and cable bends. - Insure adequate air flow around the chassis to provide sufficient cooling. The operating ambient temperature will affect the amount of air circulation required to keep the IO [io] within its limitations. - Install the IO [io] in a dry and air conditioned environment. - Do not apply any additional weight or pressure to the unit when rack mounted. - Do not fix the device exclusively on the front panel. The device must rest on a support (guide rail or cross brace) and not just fixed onto the front plate. Use the following chassis dimensions when planning the placement of equipment within your equipment rack: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

134 130 6 Technical Data Annex Further information on standards used by the IO [io] and also important for the understanding of the IO [io] can be found in the following literature: - RFC 1349: Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite - RFC 2030: Simple Network Time Protocol, Version 4 - RFC 2236: Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2 - RFC 2250: RTP payload format for MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Video - RFC 2327: SDP Session Description Protocol - RFC 2474: Definition of the Differentiated Services Field - RFC 2974: SAP Session Announcement Protocol - RFC 3171: IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignment - RFC 3550: RTP A transport protocol for real-time applications - RFC 3640: RTP Payload Format for the transport of MPEG-4 Elementary Streams - RFC 3984: RTP Payload format for H.264 video - ITU-T Rec. MPEG-4 or ISO / IEC (MPEG-4 part 2) - ITU-T Rec. H.264 or ISO / IEC (MPEG-4 part 10) - ISO / IEC : Generic coding of moving pictures - ITU-R BT : Encoding parameters of digital television for studios - ITU-R BT : "Characteristics of Television Systems" - ITU BT.656: Interfaces for digital component video signals - SMPTE 259M -C: SDTV Digital Signal/Data Serial Digital Interface - SMPTE 318M : "Television and Audio Synchronization of or 50 Hz related audio and video systems in analog and digital areas (reference copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

135 Annex Glossary 4:2:0 sampling method; chrominance components have half the horizontal and vertical resolution of the luminance 4:2:2 sampling method; chrominance components have half the horizontal resolution of the luminance 4:4:4 sampling method; chrominance components and luminance components have the same h and v resolution A AAC-HE AAC HEv2 audio encoding AAC-LC AAC low complexity audio encoding AES / EBU interface specification for the transmission of digital audio artifact a visual distortion in an image or picture ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface ASP Advanced Simple Profile (part of the MPEG-4 standard) aspect ratio the ratio of width to height of a video AVC Advanced Video Coding (also known as H.264 or MPEG-4 part 10) B B - frame bi-directional predicted frame bandwidth range of frequencies carried by a circuit or a signal bps bits per second bit rate volume of data, measured in bits over time B-Y, R-Y the general term for color difference video signals C CABAC Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding CAVLC Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

136 Glossary 132 CBR Constant Bit Rate chroma (C') the non-linear component of a digital video signal CIF Common Intermediate Format, a color image format closed captions textual video overlays that are usually not visible color settings brightness intensity of an image or pixel, independent from color contrast range of brightness between darkest and lightest elements of an image hue the color of light or a pixel determined by the dominant wavelength of lightt saturation intensity or vividness of a color COM serial interface component video video system with 3 signals (RGB) - analog or digital composite video analog video with combined luma, chroma, sync and burst signals cropping trim or remove a section of a video picture D D1 resolution Standard definition (SD) resolution (PAL = 720 x 576, NTSC = 720 x 480) Darwin Streaming Server streaming server from Apple DCT Discrete Cosinus Transformation de-interlacing converting interlaced video into progressive video delta picture a video picture based upon the information of the previous / following image diff. Serv differentiated service Direct Show Software driver to playback audio / video in the Microsoft OS DOM Disk-on-module duplex mode way of communication interchange DV Digital Video DVB-H Digital Video Broadcast - Handheld DX (or FDX) full duplex, bi-directional information copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

137 Glossary 133 E E-1 ISDN Multiplex channel (= 32 x 64 kbit/s = 2,048 Mbit/s) EBU European Broadcasting Union ES Elementary Stream entropy coding lossless coding of a digital signal to reduce redundancy ETSI European Telecommunications Standard Institute F field set of alternating lines in an interlaced video system upper odd field in interlaced video lower even field in interlaced video fps frames per second frame rate the frequency of discrete images in a video signal FTP File Transfer Protocol G GOP Group Of Pictures H H.264 Video encoding standard (also known as AVC or MPEG-4 part 10) Hz unit of frequency measurement, cycles per second HX half duplex I I-frame Intra-coded picture containing the full picture information IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IEC International Electrotechnical Commission copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

138 Glossary 134 IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronical Engineers IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Inter coding coding of video frames using temporal prediction or compensation interlace video system that transmits alternating lines Intra coding coding of video pictures without temporal prediction IP Internet Protocol IPv4 version 4 IPv6 version 6 IPoS IP-over-Satellite ISMA Internet Streaming Media Alliance ISO International Organization for Standardization ISP Internet Service Provider ITU International Telecommunication Union ITU-R BT.601 encoding parameters for serial digital video J jitter a temporal variation in a signal compared to a reference clock L LAN Local Area Network latency delay through a communication system letter box processing of video to correctly display the picture using another aspect ratio than that of the display look-ahead weighting of quantization of I-frames is done by evaluating previous and future pictures loop filter Spatial filter, reduces artifacts created by DCT luma (Y') the brightness component of a color video copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

139 Glossary 135 M MPEG-4 Motion Picture Experts Group, encoding standard part 2 MPEG-4 simple profile and advanced simple profile part 10 coding algorithm also known as AVC or H.264 motion compensation prediction of a video frame with modeling of motion motion estimation The process of analyzing video frames to identify relative location of blocks compared to previous / later pictures motion vector Mean 2-D vector used to provide an offset from the encoded picture of a block in a reference picture (I-frame) MTBF Mean Time Between Failure MTU Maximum Transfer Unit multicast Point-to-Multipoint transmission N NAB National Association of Broadcasters NAL Network Adaption Layer NAT Network Address Translation NTP Network Time Protocol NTSC National Television System Committee O OS Operating System P P-frame in MPEG, a predicted picture based on motion compensated difference from one reference frame PAL Phase Alternating Line PAR Pixel Aspect Ration PEL Pixel Element copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

140 Glossary 136 PES Packetized Elementary Stream PS Parametric Stereo Q QCIF Quarter Common Intermediate Format QoS Quality of Service QVGA Quarter Video Graphics Array R RAM Random Access Memory RGB video information in the form of Red, Green and Blue ringing (artifacts) "ripple"-like artifacts around shaping edges in a decoded image ROM Read Only Memory RS-232 Serial Interface Protocol (COM) RTCP Real Time Control Protocol RTOS Real Time Operating System RTP Real Time Transport Protocol RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol S SAP Session Announcement Protocol sample rate number of times a digital sample is measured / taken in a second [Hz] SBR Spectral Band Replication SDI Serial Digital Interface SDP Session Description Protocol SIP Session Initiation Protocol SMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers SNG Satellite News copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

141 Glossary 137 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STB Set-Top Box S-Video video interface that carries separate luma and chroma signals usually on a mini-din connector T TCP Transmission Control Protocol Telnet bi-directional network protocol tiem code information recorded with audio and video to indicate a position of time ToS Type of Service transfer rate the speed at which a certain amount of data is transfered from one device to another TTL Time To Live U UDP User Datagram Protocol unicast Point-to-Point Transmission V VBI Vertical Blanking Interval VBR Variable Bit Rate VBV Video Buffer Verifier VCL Video Coding Layer VLC Video LAN Client Variable Length Coding (e.g. Huffman-Coding) W WAN copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH Wide Area Network

142 Glossary 138 X X-offset vertical displacement of a video Y Y-offset horizontal displacement of a video Y/C video signal in which brightness and color signals are separated Y Cr Cb luminance, blue chrominance, red chrominance color copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

143 Glossary 8 Applications 8.1 Broadcast quality 139 In modern broadcast studios the main focus during a transmission compressed audio and video is on the quality on the decoding side. For capturing, in-house streaming and post-production the maximum quality of the media is the key requirement. Inside a TV station / studio complex the network infrastructure is available with no other costs than the installation. Most broadcaster use fibre channel or Gigabit networks. In these cases the bandwidth is not the limiting factor of the transmission but the maximum quality. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

144 140 Applications Please use the following parameters to realize the best quality with the IO copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

145 Applications Limited Bandwidth (E1 / T1) For some applications there is only a connection with limited bandwidth available. This chapter deals with the example of an E1 line and will provide you with appropriate parameters for transmission over an E1-line. The IO [io] can be configured to transmit an audio / video stream over an E-1 line with a good quality. IMPORTANT: The IO [io] does not include an E-1 interface. Thus it is necessary to use 3rd party equipment to convert from IP to E-1 level. The results regarding maximum throughput / bandwidth differ from manufacturer to manufacturer. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

146 Applications Web casting / corporate streaming The word webcasting is derived from the words "web" and "broadcast". It describes the "transmission of (linear) audio and video content over the internet". A webcast uses streaming media technology to take a single content source and distribute it to many simultaneous listeners / viewers. The largest web casters include existing radio and TV stations and "internet only" stations. The term web casting is usually reserved to non-interactive linear streams or live events. Further webcasting applications can be found in the commercial sector (e.g. e-learning, video copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

147 Applications 143 IMPORTANT: Some software players do currently not support "look ahead filtering". Please refer to the following list for further restrictions: Windows Media Player: DirectShow Filter required to play back MPEG-4 based media QuickTime: no support for MPEG-4 ASP or H.264 Main profile (no 1/4 pel or interlaced video) If you made good experiences with one specific version of one software player do not automatically follow all software updates! copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

148 Applications IP-over-Satellite Many ISPs have expressed their increasing demand for IPoS to support their growing need for internet capacity. Satellite links provide internet service to end users and ISPs all over the world with bit rates reaching from 64 kbit/s up to several Mbit/s. The following figure illustrates a typical IP-over-satellite application. The IO [io] 8000 / 8001 stream is feeding an IP encapsulator / modulator which is directly sending the IP stream via satellite uplink to the studio. On the studio side a demodulator converts the modulated signal back to an IP stream which is processed by the IO [io] 8000 / 8001 decoder. There are few things that need to be considered when using the IO [io] over a satellite connection: 1. Round trip delay: In contrast to "common" IP-connections where the round trip delay of the network is in a range between some milliseconds (in-house) and 150 ms (e.g. public internet), satellite connections suffer from higher latencies. The delay over a satellite link can be up to 700 ms. This delay adds to the end-to-end delay of the encoding / decoding copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

149 Applications Limited bandwidth: As every bit that is transmitted over a satellite uplink costs additional money, ISPs and VSAT companies are interested to save as much bandwidth as possible. That is why H.264 / AVC finds a lot of approval in this area of applications as it is possible to reduce the required bandwidth of an MPEG-2 encoder by half. copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

150 Applications DVB-H DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting Handheld) is a transmission standard that enables small and / or mobile devices to receive broadcast programs. Like DVB-T it is based on terrestrial broadcast and is establishing on this technique. Compared to DVB-T the DVB-H standard comes along with modern compression formats (H.264 / AVC) and different audio and video parameters. Both DVB-T and DVB-H are totally compatible on transport level. Thus a multiplexing of both is possible. With the help of time-slicing the power consumption of mobile devices can be reduced. Time-slicing is done by sending packets on predictable points of time. The receiver that is tuned to listen to a specific program does only receive during a defined period of time. Until the reception of the next packet burst the receiver is turned off. The advantage of this technique is the enormous power saving. The figure below illustrates the time-slicing. MAYAH's IO [io] 8000 / 8001 is capable of creating standardized streams that can be mapped into DVB-H transport streams. The figure below illustrates the chain starting with the IO [io] encoder followed by IP encapsulator / modulator, the actual transmission and the copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

151 Applications 147 If you want to create DVB-H compatible streams with the help of the IO [io] the following list provides you with all mandatory parameters that are required / mandatory for DVB-H: copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

152 148 Applications Please refer to the following screenshot to adapt the configuration of your IO [io]: Green areas - mandatory for DVB-H Red areas parameters may vary for different installations - Yellow areas - not allowed due to usage of baseline profile MAYAH's IO [io] codec has been part of the DVB-H trials during the World Cup 2006 in Germany. During this integration and the whole testing process the following list of compatible terminal devices could be verified: - BenQ Siemens Concept Device - Motorola Concept Device - Nokia N92 - Philips - Sagem MyMobileTV - Samsung P910 / P920 - Dell Axim - HP ipaq - generally: all PDA's on WinCE basis using DibCom / AVer TV DVB-H copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

153 Index Brightness 41, 77 Broadcast quality 139 Buttons 60 Index -C / 100 / 1000 Mbit/s BaseT 16: :3 26 -AAAC (HE) 45 AAC (MPEG2) 45 AAC (MPEG4) 45 AES / EBU 122 Air flow 129 Alarm 60, 107, 111, 127 Analog audio 123 Annex 130 Announce Session 12 Arrow keys 60 Audio algorithm 45 Audio decoder 45, 77 Audio encoder 45, 77 Audio In - Out 77 Audio input 45 Audio levels 77 Audio output 45 Audio settings 77 Audio test tone 109 Audio window 45 -BBacklight (LCD) 77 Backup 111 Baud rate 93 Bit rate 45 Bitmaps 99 Black burst 118 Breakout cable 122, 123 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH CABAC 31 CAF-file 111 Calculated bit rate 12 Cat CBR 48 Chroma blue 41, 77 Chroma ramp 109 Chroma red 41, 77 Color bar 109 Color settings 24, 41 Communication window 56 Complexity 31 Config files 99 Config.dat 102 Configuration 99 Connect 60, 111 Connect menu 62 Connection 12 Contrast 41 Contrast (LCD) 77 Cooling 129 Corporate streaming 142 CPU load 58 Cropping 26 -DD1 resolution 26 Data bits 93 Date & Time 77 Deblocking 38 Decoder buffer 38 Default gateway 48 Delay 38, 77 Depth 129 Deringing 38 Destination (audio) 62 Destination (video) 62 Destination address 12 Diff. serv 48 Dimensions 129 Direct command 56, 105 Direct commands

154 150 IO 8000 / 8001 Disk-on-module 99, 102 DNS server 48, 77 Downloads 6 DTS 12 Dual mono 45 Duplex mode 48, 77 -EE-1 line 141 E-learning 142 Encapsulation 12 Enter direct command 56 Enter key code 56 Environmental specification 121 Ethernet 124 Event Action Programming 111 Event_Set 111 -FFactory defaults 77, 102 Fan 58, 107 Features 4 Field order 77 First field 24, 41 Format 77 Frame rate 31 Framed 60, 111 Freight charges 116 Frequency range 121 Front panel 60 Front panel LEDs 60 Front panel view 2 Frontpanel 77 FTP 98 FTP-server 54 -GGain 45 Gateway 48, 77 Genlock 118 Glossary 131 -HHeight Heigth 77, High complexity 31 Horizontal offset 24, 41 HTTP 98 Hue 41 Hyper Terminal 93 -IIdentification 77 Identify broadcast 7 I-frame period 31 IGMP 21 Information 6 In-house streaming 139 Input bit rate 65 Input buffer 38 Input errors 65 Input packets 65 Interface 77 Interface cards 58 IP address 48 IP configuration 48 IP overhead 12 IP-address 77 IP-over-Satellite 144 ISMA 12 ITU-R BT JJoint stereo 45 -LLanguage 77 Last connection 62 Letter box 26 Level information 65 Level meters 45 Limited bandwidth 141 Links 6 Listeners 65 Log files 99 Log-files 95 Login data (FTP) 54, 95, 99 Look ahead filter 31 Loop filter 31 Lost packets 65 Luma copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

155 Index Luma ramp Luma step MMain voltage 121 Maximum quality 139 MAYAH download server 54 MDI 65 Media delivery index 65 Messages window 56 Miscellaneous 77 Mode 48 Model names 2 Mono 45 Mono channel mix 77 Motion compensation 31 MPEG-TS 12 Multicast 12, 21 -NNetmask 77 Network statistics 65 Networking window 48 No video input 24 NTP 98, 119 NTP.ini file 119 Numeric key pad 60 -OOperational temperature Output bit rate 65 Output packets 65 Overload 60, PPacket size 48, 77 Packet size mode 77 PAR 31 Parity 93 Password 48 PAT 12 PCR 12 Phonebook 62, 99 Phonebook entry (delete) 71 Phonebook entry (edit) 71 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH 151 Phonebook entry (new) 71 PID 12 Pin assignment 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128 Pixel aspect ratio 31 PMT 12 Ports 12, 98 Power 60 Power output rating 121 Power specifications 121 Power supply 107 Presets menu 62, 71 Profile 99 Profile entry (delete) 71 Profile entry (edit) 71 Profile entry (new) 71 PSI 12 PTS 12 -RRear panel view 3 Reboot 77 Receive jitter 65 Relative humidity 121 Release Notes 6 Remote connection (LAN) 7 Remote connection (serial) 7 Remote connection (WAN) 7 Remote timeout 48 Repair 116 Repair fees 116 Reset to factory defaults 102 Resize mode 77 Resizing (encoder and PAR) 38 Resizing (full) 38 Resizing (manual) 38 Resizing (original encoder) 38 Resolution 24, 31 RMA 116 Root folder 62 RS RTCP 12, 98 RTP 12, 98 RTP statistics 65 RTSP 98 -SSame as video input 31

156 152 IO 8000 / 8001 Sample rate 45 SAP 23, 98 SAP Listen address 62 SAP Talk address 62 Save log files 95 Savecond.vnt 111 Scene change detection 31 Scope of delivery 4 Script 99, 111 SDP 99 SDP-file 23 Send 56 Send file 56 Send key code 56 Sequence errors 65 Serial interface 125 Session 62, 99 Session Announcement Protocol Session entry (delete) 71 Session entry (edit) 71 Session entry (new) 71 Session mode 71 Session name 71 Setup menu 62, 77 Shipping instructions 116 Shutting down the IO [io] 5 Size 38 Slices 31 SNG 144 SNMP 98 SNMP server 77 SNMP traps 77, 98 SNMP version 77 SNTP 119 Software versions 58 Source address 12 Starting the IO [io] 5 Status indication 127 Status menu 62, 65 Stereo 45 Stop bit 93 Storage temperature 121 Stream type 12 Streaming mode 71 Sub codec 65, 71 Subnet mask 48 S-Video 126 Synchronization 41 Synchronization (external) 118 Synchronization (internal) 118 System health 77, 107 System health parameters 58 System information 58 System name 12 System status 107 System time 119 System window 58 -T- 23 TCP 98 Telnet connection (IP) 93 Telnet connection (serial) 93 Temperature 107 Test patterns 109 Test signal 109 Time server 119 Time settings 77 Timeout 48 Timeouts 77 Timezone 77 ToS 48 Transfer rate 48, 77 TTL (time-to-live) 48 TTL connector 111 TTL I/O 127 TTL level 127 TV standard 24, 41 Type of service 48 -UUDP 98 UDP broadcast 7 UDP statistics 65 Unicast 12, 21 Update file 54 Update Firmware 54 Update interval 119 UPD-file 54 USB 111 User name 48 -VVBR 48 VBV buffer 31 Vertical offset 24, copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

157 Index VGA output 128 Video algorithm 31 Video bit rate 31 Video conferencing 142 Video decoder 38, 77 Video encoder 31, 77 Video In - Out 77 Video input 24, 31 Video output 41 Video output device 41 Video output format 41 Video processing 31 Video source 24 Video synchronization 77 VNT-file 111 Voltage 58 Volume 45 VSAT 144 -WWarranty 116 Web casting 142 Weight 129 Width 31, 77, 129 -XX-offset 24, 41, 77 -YY-offset 24, 41, 77 -ZZone plate 109 copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH 153

158 154 IO 8000 / copyright 2008, MAYAH Communications GmbH

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