Cyclotrons at Turku PET Centre

Transcription

1 Cyclotrons at Scanditronix Cyclotron User Workshop Oslo, May Stefan Johansson Åbo Akademi University

2 A Joint National Research Institute of University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University and Turku University Hospital

3 The roles of host organisations Åbo Akademi Radionuclide production - Cyclotrons University of Turku Radiochemistry Imaging Turku University Hospital Imaging

4 today Staff 84 and researchers 114 Centre of Excellence in Research status by Academy of Finland Internationally unique imaging infrastucture Clinical and preclinical imaging 6 PET/TT, 2 PET/MRI, ultrasound Cyclotron and radiochemistry laboratories 3 cyclotrons, Ga-generators 19 hot cells (13 GMP) >70 different tracers produced Investments total more than 43 Meur (not corrected for inflation) Running costs >10 Meur/y of which 73% outside funding Publications per year Thesis In Finnish IF < 1 IF IF IF

5 today 84 persons in staff and 115 investigators Imaging devices 6 PET/CT GE Discovery VCT (whole-body PET/CT) GE D690 (whole-body PET/CT) Siemens HR+ (whole-body PET) HRRT (brain/animal PET) 2 Siemens Inveon (small animal PET/CT) 1 PET/MRI 3T 1 MRI: Philips 1.5T 3 Ultrasound scanners 2 Acuson (Doppler echocardiography) VisualSonics Vevo2100 (small animal ultrasound) Radiochemistry laboratory 3 cyclotrons, 2 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators 19 hot cells (13 in GMP) >40 different tracers in routine use Facilities 3000 m 2 Clinical and preclinical imaging laboratories

6 Campus MGC-20 CC 18/9 Cyclon 3 Medi City Åbo Akademi Univ. Gadolinia Building

7 Biomedical in vivo Imaging infrastruture in the Imaging Platform Optical imaging system 3T MRI/PET Philips 1,5 T MRI GE VCT PET/CT 64-slice CT Micro-CT Animal US Animal/human PET HRRT GE D690 PET/CT Fuji FLA-7000 Phosphor imaging device Siemens Inveon multimodality Animal PET/CT Human Digital US SIEMENS PET HR+ Ex vivo In vivo non-clinical Clinical

8 Tracers at F-18 Tracers C-11 Tracers O-15 Tracers [18F]FDG [11C]Acetate O-15-water [18F]FDOPA [11C]Carfentanil O-15-CO [18F]CFT [11C]CFT O-15-O2 [18F]FTHA [11C]Choline [18F]F - [11C]CIT Cu-64 Tracers [18F]L165 [11C]Deprenyl Cu-64-Exendin [18F]FETNIM [11C]DOPA [18F]FBPA [11C]FLB457 [18F]FDA [11C]Flumazenil [18F]AH [11C]MeAIB [18F]EF5 [11C]Methionine [18F]DPA [11C]MHED [18F]FEMPA [11C]MP4A [18F]Flutematamol [11C]MTO [11C]NMSP Ga-68 Tracers [11C]NNC756 Ga-DOTATOC [11C]Palmitic acid Ga-Bombesin [11C]Raclopride DOTAVAP-PEG-P2 [11C]SCH23390 Ga- PAPP-A-NOTA [11C]SCH39166 Ga-[(3-EtOsal) 2 Me 4 BAPEN] + [11C]WAY Ga-[(3-MeOsal) 2 BAPDMEN] + [11C]MP4B Ga-[(3-MeOsal) 2 Me 4 BAPEN] + [11C]PIB Ga[(sal) 2 BAPDMEN] + [11C]AH Ga-ATSM [11C]PK Ga-DOTA [11C]ORMA Ga-DOTA-Bombesin [11C]Madam Ga-NODAGA-Exendin [11C]Deuterium deprenyl Ga-NOTA [11C]TMSX Ga-NOTAVAP-Ab [11C]PE21 Ga-oligo (22mer) [11C]ORMB Ga-PAPP-A-NOTA

9 KPL Number of clinical pet studies

10 Cyclotrons MGC-20, Efremov Institute, 1974 (ÅA) Cyclone-3, IBA, 1992 (TUCH) CC-18/9, Efremov Institute, 2004 (ÅA)

11 Cyclotron personnel 2 Physicists 2 Engineers MGC-20 and CC18 Cyclotrons 1 Engineer MGC-20 2 Chemists CC 18/9 targetry

12 MGC-20 Cyclotron - Manufactured by Efremov Institute in St. Petersburg - Installed made - Pesochny, St Petersburg (Russia) - Åbo Akademi, Turku (Finland) - Technical University, St Petersburg (Russia) - V.G Khlopin Radium Institute, St Petersburg (Russia) - Atomki, Debrecen (Hungary) - Pyongyang (North Korea) - Inshas, Cairo (Egypt)

13 Layout of the MGC-20 laboratory

14 MGC-20 Cyclotron Protons 3 20 MeV Deuterons 3 10 MeV 3 He 8 27 MeV 4 He 6 20 MeV Pole diameter: 103 cm Ion Source: Livingston Hot Filament

15 Vacuum System Cyclotron, 2 diffusion pumps 320 mm with baffles Santovac 5 oil 5 x 10-6 mbar operating pressure with beam Beam line turbo molecular pumps 100 mm Fore pumps, rotary vane 4 60 m 3 /h

16 MGC-20 Cyclotron opened,

17 MGC-20 Cyclotron opened and resonator removed

18 MGC-20 deflector and puller Removed melted septum Unused deflector Puller slit before it was replaced

19 Research with MGC-20 Present - Radionuclide production - PIXE - PIGE Past - Optical studies of gas targets - Nuclear physics - CPAA

20 Old analog control desk

21 Rebuilt Control System PLC, Mitsibishi A-series for control and interlock - Vacuum system - Power supplies - Targets - User interface made with InTouch Fieldbus and PC for tuning the cyclotron - Interbus-S ( PC Card ISA bus ) - Windows NT GPIB bus for multiplexers and picoammeters - User interface written in Delphi

22 MGC-20 User Interface Magnetic Field

23 MGC-20 User Interface Rf System Most important information always visible

24 RF System Frequency Range MHz 2 Dees, 120 deg. push pull mode Resonator with movable panels Final stages triodes 3CW30000H7 Triode Prefinal stage 1 GU-91 B Tetrode 2 GU-95B Tetrode Transistor preamplifier Anode power limited to 40 kw Macropulsing of Rf Hz Duty cycle 1-100%

25 MGC-20 RF System Rf Control Unit Prefinal Amplifier Final Stage

26 Final Stage Capacitive coupling to Dee Adjustable Capacitor

27 Prefinal tubes GU-95B GU-91B ( 4CX1600B ) Socket different

28 Power Supply Room Main Magnet Bruker A Interbus-S Interface Trim Coils for main magnetic field Kenwood 0-10 A Polarity switches controlled by computer external relay, switches at zero crossing Beam Lines Correctors: Kenwood 0-3 A Lens 1 and 2: Glassman Europe 0-40 A Lens 3-5: Powerbox 0-40 A Switching Magnet Bruker A Interbus-S Interface Anode Power Supply, 1 10 kv, 5 A Strömberg SMEK DC motor controller Modified for the HV rectifier Harmonic Coils Internal: Kenwood 0-10 A External: Kenwood 0-20 A Coil Currents calculated by software Polarity switched by external relay

29 Field Bus Modules for Power Supplies Old Interbus-S I/O from the end of 1980s Compact Interbus-S Bus terminal and Analog I/O Modular Interbus-S, available on the market Newer Interbus-S modules 1990s, still available on the market

30 Maintenance MGC-20 Cyclotron switched on for 763 h 2012, of witch 202 h beam on target Ion Source - filament: 2.5 mm 2 Ta wire - life time h with protons and 3 He and 4 He max 50 h - Ion source maintenance once a year, cleaning, new diafragm and filament Cyclotron, opened only if needed - Puller changed in 1995 ( only proton beam last 15 years ) - Septum grinded in 2004 Uptime: > 99%

31 Empty Bunker CC 18/9 Cyclotron

32 CC 18/9 Cyclotron

33 CC 18/9 Cyclotron External Cusp H - ion source 2 Beam ports 1 Beam line, switching magnet with 4 target positions Oil free vacuum Cyclotron: 1 Cryo pump 1 Turbo pump as backup pump Ion source: 1 Turbo pump Inject. Line: 1 Turbo pump Beam Line: 1 Turbo pump 5 Scroll pumps

34 CC 18/9 - Targetry

35 Radionuclide production 18 F- Yield 120 min 3 Ci 40 µa, 40 bar 11 C CO 2 Yield 20 min 2.2 Ci 40 µa 11 C CH 4 Yield 20 min 1.9 Ci 40 µa Grid support for target foils, no helium cooling 64 Cu Degrader He atmosphere

36 Old Rf Control system, CC 18/9 70 Quick change in resonance point due to heating 60 Trimmer goes in wrong direction 2500 Safety system switch off amplifier Beam On Dee Voltage Real Trimmer position FWD pow Transistor Ampl Trimmer Stepper Counter 10 Rf On :33:36 10:40:48 10:48:00 10:55:12 11:02:24 11:09:36 11:16:48 11:24:

37 New RF control system for CC 18/9 Cyclotron Rack mounted PC, Windows XP PCI bus: XILINC Spartan 3, FPGA Analog Signals: 4 Channel 40 MHz ADC - Dee and Buncher Voltage - Forward and reflected power 2 Channel DDS Synthesizer outputs - Rf amplifier for Dees - Buncher Amplifier Digital Signals: 2 interlock inputs 2 stepper motor controller pulse outputs Syncronization for Rf amplifier Syncronization for Beam current measurements Online oscilloscope window for monitoring feedback signals

38 New Rf control System, CC 18/ Resonator in better resonance Resonator Jump Trimmer follows TA FWD Pow Trimmer Position :33:36 11:02:24 11:31:12 12:00:00 12:28:48 12:57:

39 CC 18/9 Tuning Interface

40 Thank you for your attention!