The Netherlands. NS signals

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1 The Netherlands NS s 5.5. DUTCH RAILWAY SIGNALS The fotos of this chapter on Dutch ling are partly taken from Signalling SyStem 946 Netherlands rail started light experiments in 93 which resulted in the first ling system that base on light points only. It was established in 949 (but is called the 946 system) and uses night aspects of classic semaphore s. The ling system distinguishes between three steps and stop. High is defined as 90 km/h or even higher depending on the distance between two s and the braking distance of the train. Medium was defined to be in the range between 45 and 90 km/h and low was 45 km/h or lower. The basic has three lights one upon the other. Either of them can show white, green or yellow light, the lowest one can show red additionally. The upper light controls high, the middle one controls medium and the bottom one controls low. The s give information on both the range at the itself and that one to be expected at the next. Thus it controls two sections of the line. In principle two light s could be used in cases when high is never allowed but these s exist almost only in theory. The following figure shows typical s of the 946 system: three lights single light On free tracks only one light was used in many cases. This single light does not give another information than high. To overcome this disadvantage flashing yellow aspects were introduced. aspects The three light are able to show 0 different aspects, depending on information at the itself and the next one: this high medium low stop high next medium low stop Single light s use two different kinds of flashing of the yellow light. Slow flashing informs about a breaking distance. Withing the braking distance a can show stop, or the track where the train is going to has a dead end. Fast flashing yellow light claims very slow and careful driving. The track may be occupied or a movable may be present which can show stop. 94

2 red: stop aspect green: high allowed yellow: high allowed, next will show stop yellow flash (75 fpm): braking distance yellow flash (80 fpm): at most 30km/h; careful driving Signal Ampel Licht Controlling SignalS by QdeCoderS Qdecoders offer modes for three light ans single light s described in the table below. The upper part show the background. In the lower one the aspects are shown that a control command will activate. Mode address red green-white-white green + green-green-white yellow - + green-white-green yellow slow flash - + yellow-white-white yellow fast flash - + white-green-white white-green-green white-yellow-white white-white-green white-white-yellow - - Basis base class Standard standard class Alleskönner all-in-one class The accessory address of the is written to the address configuration variable relating to the first output the is connected to. Up to five addresses (, ) are used for switching aspects. An Example A single light shall be controled by a Z-8 decoder with Signal extension using commands of accessory address. Connect the to the decoder and program the configuration variables according to the following table. The values given in grey do not need programming but they are written automatically when programming the values written on while background. address mode A0 A CV= CV550=58 A A0 - CV55 CV553 A A - CV555 CV use for other s Now you can switch aspects by sending ( meens pressing the green switching key on the control station after choosing accessory address ): control station commands 3 3 Controlling SignalS by input KeyS Any can be controlled by an input key connected to a output of the Qdecoder using a 0 Ω resistor. Use one of the modes 6 or 7 for the output for reading key input. Mode 7 is used when connecting a LED in parallel to the key. The LED might be used as ling LED on the control desk for example. (See chapter Taster und Schalter on page 9 for details.) 95

3 The Netherlands NS s The key controls the connected to the anterior keys of the decoder using the switching flow mode without with LED 6 7 Once configured the key controls aspects as follows: press press once long 3 times twice Example Connect the from the example above and an input key to the A0... A3 of the decoder and configure CVs as given in the table: address mode A0 A CV= CV550=58 A A0 - CV55 CV553 A A - CV555 CV556 A3 input key - CV558 CV559=6... use for other s Now you can switch aspects pressing the key (but you can no longer switch between non stop aspects without going to stop between them): key commands long Signalling SyStem 955 A new book was introduced in 955 resulting in a separation of and track free ling. The base of the 955 ling system has three bulbs of green, yellow and red colors that are mounted in a single background. Only one of the three main bulbs is active at any time. In the beginning a second yellow light was used resulting in a that could show two yellow lights. The yellow light s a restriction to 30 km/h (later 40 km/h). A light matrix can be included into the background to give additional information by showing a digit. The indicated is 0 times the digit value (in km/h). The following figure shows the mostly used backgrounds of the 955 ling system. Besides the main s announcing s were introduced that do not have the red light and a different background. P P main announcing s The P- on the left is an automatic block that allows passing a showing stop after telephonic consent. aspects The following tables gives an overview on the ling aspects of the 955 system. The numbers are the numbers out of the Seinenboek 005 of the NS. 96

4 Signal Ampel Licht Basis base class Standard standard class Alleskönner all-in-one class Main Signals Announcing Signals stop 5 the following main will show green light 7 track was taken out of service (valid aspect since 000) 6 reduce to the indicated one. Previously imposed restrictions continue to apply. 8 passing permitted 0 reduce to 30 (40) km/h make shure that the train can stop within sighting range of a stop-showing fixed. 9 passing permitted with 40 km/h 06 passing permitted with the indicated reduce to 30 (40) km/h And keep braking until the train can come to a halt within sighting range of a stop-showing fixed. Ride on sight (an other train can occupy the track) brake to the indicated. This will not be reached before the next but braking has to continue until the desired is reached. reduce to the indicated one. This has to be reached before the next and the next will not show stop. reduce to half the service DY Add on Signals There are some s that give additional information. They are mounted either below or above the main. this indicates the direction of further route passing permitted with 40 km/h if the driver has a valid traffic indication A disturbed (dark) is of course no add-on, but an error. Qdecoders can switch to a dark background by an accessory command. Controlling Signals by Qdecoders 5 4 Main Signals Qdecoders offer 6 modes of different complexity - from simple red/green s up to a mode that provides full support for all aspects. The accessory address of the is written to the address configuration variable relating to the first output the is connected to. Up to four addresses (... +) are used for switching of aspects. 97

5 The Netherlands NS s Mode address red green + - fl. red yellow flashing red + - fl. green - flashing green yellow flashing yellow DY sig sig sig 09 Announcing Signal Modes Mode address yellow green + - yellow yellow+digit yellow + - yellow - yellow + - yellow - yellow + - yellow - yellow +3 - yellow - yellow +3 - yellow - yellow+digit +4 - yellow - yellow Add-On Signals Add-on s are connected to the of the decoder that follow the used for the main directly. A main can be combined with any number of add-on s. mode address A A addon 3 dark A addon off off is on A addon left on is off A addon + right - - Mode 9: The add-on is associated with a proceed aspect. If the add-on is switched on the main shows stop the main s switches to green automatically. Changing the main aspect to stop will switch off the add-on too. Mode 6: If the add-on is switched on the main changes to dark background. Changing the main to any aspect will switch off the add-on. Mode 8: The disturbed is switched on and off using commands of an accessory address that is written to the adress CV of any output the is connected to (described in more detail in the example Haupt- / Vorkombinationen on page ). Examples A main with direction indication add-on is to control using a Z-6 decoder with Signal extension. The main shall be controlled by commands of accessory address. Address 5 is used for the direction announcement. Connect the s to the decoder and program the configuration variables according to the following table. The values given in grey do not need programming but they are written automatically wxhen 98

6 Signal Ampel Licht programming the values written on while background. address mode A0 CV= CV550=6 A - CV55 CV553 A - CV555 CV556 A3 - CV558 CV559 A4 A dir CV56=5 CV56=9 A5 - CV564 CV565 A6 - CV567 CV use for other s Now you can switch aspects by sending ( 4 meens pressing the green switching key on the control station after choosing accessory address 4): control station commands Controlling SignalS by input KeyS Signals can be controlled by an input key connected to a output of the Qdecoder. Use mode 6 for the output for reading key input (see chapter Taster und Schalter auf Seite 9 for details). The key controls the connected to the anterior keys of the decoder using the switching flow mode without with LED 6 7 Once configured the key controls aspects as follows: Main Signals twice + long twice long + long Announcing Signals Add-on Signals Basis base class Standard standard class Alleskönner all-in-one class once long press long + once once press once long twice 3 times once long once long Other add-on s are switches on and off by pressing the key once. Examples Connect the from example above and two input keys once to the A0... A8 of the once decoder long and configure CVs as given in the table below. The first key controls the main and has to connected to the fist output after that ones used for the main. The second key control the direction announcement. 99

The Netherlands NS s address mode A0 CV= CV550=6 A - CV55 CV553 A - CV555 CV556 A3 - CV558 CV559 A4 input key - CV56 CV56=6 A5 A dir CV564=5 CV565=9 A6 - CV567 CV568 A7 - CV57 CV57 A8 input key -

P P key key long main key commands long s-s-l 3 three single 5.5.3. dwarf lights SignalS light Dwarf s are used in places where trains drive no faster than 40 km/h.

7 The Netherlands NS s address mode A0 CV= CV550=6 A - CV55 CV553 A - CV555 CV556 A3 - CV558 CV559 A4 input key - CV56 CV56=6 A5 A dir CV564=5 CV565=9 A6 - CV567 CV568 A7 - CV57 CV57 A8 input key - CV574 CV575=6... use for other s Now you can switch aspects by either sending or pressing the key: control station commands P P key key long main key commands long s-s-l 3 three single dwarf lights SignalS light Dwarf s are used in places where trains drive no faster than 40 km/h. dwarf types stop aspects passing permitted with 40 km/h passing permitted with 40 km/h, next will show stop announcing s aspects track was taken out of service (since 000) Add on Signal There is an add-on for dwarf s in use: This indicates that the track is released for shunting. 6 Controlling dwarf SignalS by QdeCoderS Qdecoders offer a special mode for dwarf s. The accessory address of the is written to the address configuration variable relating to the first output the is connected to. Up to three addresses (... +) are used for switching of aspects. The white bulb of the add-on is controled by the add-on mode 6. If the white light is on, the three dwarf lamps are off. If the white light is switched off, the dwarf return to the stop aspect. Mode 64 6 address A addon 3 red dwarf on green add-on on + yellow - + yellow flashing - + red flashing - Ride on sight (an other train can occupy the track) 00

8 Signal Ampel Licht Controlling dwarf SignalS by input KeyS To switch aspects of dwarf s use mode 6 for the output the key is connected to. Switch aspects as follows: press press once long twice 3 times For controlling the add-on a second key is needed. Use again mode 6 for the key and switch the add-on on and off by pressing the key Signal repeater Illuminated repeaters are used when the main cannot be sighted from the usual distance (about 300 m) or is obscured at certain points, due to structures or curvature. next will neither show red nor flashing yellow next will either show red or flashing yellow 7 73 Qdecoder standard mode can be used for repeaters. Basis base class Standard standard class Alleskönner all-in-one class Mode address A brake test SignalS Brake test s are used for communication from the shunter to the driver of a train during test of the trains brakes. apply brakes loose brakes brake test successful 70a 70b 70c Qdecoder offer a special mode for brake test s: mode 75 ) address A Schaltbefehle ( o ff ) 70a + 70b + 70c ) in software version 6: mode = 96 Controlling Brake Test Signals by Input Keys To switch aspects of dwarf s use mode 4 for the output the key is connected to. Switch aspects as follows: 0

9 The Netherlands NS s press long long SHUnting SignalS shunting allowed 360a All of theses s have two aspects: No train is approaching A train is approaching the distance between the front of the train and the end of the track is between 50 and 00 m the distance between the front of the train and the end of the track is less than 50 m mode 65 address A Schaltbefehle ( o ff ) a 360b 360c 360b 360c SeCUrity SignalS There is a number of security s each of them is used in a specific situation. Warning system near view obstructing objects Warning system on bridges Warning system for service on tracks Warning system in tunnels s There are two modes for security s of the NS. The s are controlled by commands of two succeeding accessory adresses. The second one is used to switch the off. mode address A - Schaltbefehle 708 / 70 / / 7 / ( o ff ) ( o ff ) Controlling Security Signals by Input Keys To switch aspects of dwarf s use mode 6 for the output the key is connected to. Switch as follows: once long FreigHt train SignalS These s are special s valid only for freight trains carrying heavy goods and possibly having long braking distances. 0

10 Signal Ampel Licht Basis base class Standard standard class Alleskönner all-in-one class reduce in a way that stopping at the next showing 77 is possible. 76 stop the train 77 Qdecoder modes or 89 can be used for freight train s. Mode 68 address A 3-76 (off)

Fixed Signals - Rules 1 to 23

Fixed Signals - Rules 1 to 23 Applicability VIC Publication Requirement External Only Document Status Issue/Revision # Effective from 1 07 August 2011 0 04 October 2015 1 01 July 2018 Australian Rail Track Corporation Limited (ARTC)