Virginia Tech Cubesat Camera for AMSAT FOX-1

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Agnes Stafford
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1 TED AND KARYN HUME CENTER FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY Virginia Tech Cubesat Camera for AMSAT FOX-1 Zach Leffke, KJ4QLP Graduate Research Assistant November 2, 2013

2 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

3 Personnel Dr. Robert W. McGwier N4HY Hardware Software Administrative Zach Leffke, MSEE KJ4QLP Bill Clark, PhD EE KK4EWQ Danny Tyndall, UG K3WDT Alex Mosolgo, UG Kevin Lee, UG Mitch Davis, MSEE WQ3C Kevin Burns, MSCE KJ4SYL Dr. Joseph Gaeddert KK4MNZ Matthew Via, BSEE KK4EAB Sonya Rowe KK4NLO Michael Fowler KG4MAX Dr. Dennis Sweeney WA4LPR

4 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

5 Givens & Constraints 640 x 480 Pixel, JPEG Image taken from orbit. 250 mw Orbit Average Power Consumption. Top two experiment boards of the Fox-1 Spacecraft, Experiment 4 & 3 Boards. The camera oriented along the +Z Axis. Image packetized for download, before transfer to the spacecraft IHU. Commands and Data will be exchanged with the IHU via the spacecraft bus using the Experiment Serial TXD/RXD interface. The IHU will control the power of the Camera Board via the Experiment 4 Enable signal on the spacecraft bus. We must deliver TWO Final Flight Units for Launch.

6 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

7 Camera Location / Orientation Solar Panel Connector Experiment 4 Board Experiment 3 Board BUS Connectors Images from Fox CubeSat Mechanical Design by Robert Davis KF4KSS and Steve Christie, presented at the 2012 AMSAT Symposium.

8 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

9 Camera Selection OmniVision OV7670 Images from:

10 Camera Selection Specifications & Features Specifications: Active Array size: 640 X 480 Pixels Power Consumption: 60 mw Operating Voltage: Analog: V Standby Current: <20 µa Lens Size: 1/6 Digital Core: 1.8V I/O: 1.7 to 3.0 V Chief Ray Angle: 25 Degrees S/N Ratio: 46 db Dynamic Range: 52 db Sensitivity: 1.3 V/lux-sec OmniVision OV7670 Features: High Sensitivity for Low Light Applications Low operating voltage and power consumption for embedded applications Automatic Image Control Functions: AEC, AWB, AGC, ABF, ABLC Image Quality Control including: color saturation, hue, gamma, sharpness, antiblooming Noise reduction, defect correction Lens shading correction Edge enhancement level auto adjust De-noise level auto adjust

11 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

12 System Block Diagram OV7670 Control Data NAND Control AL422B (FIFO) Control & Data Control I2C Control MCU Control & Data SPI MRAM +Z Solar Panel Connector Thermistor Circuit Power Data Control & Data Serial Fuse Power Power Load SW Load SW Vreg Vreg 3.1V 2.7V Experiment 4 Card BUS Connector

13 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

14 Space Environment Concerns All values from component Data Sheets Component Storage Temperature Operating Temperature OV C to +70 C Operating -40 C to +95 C OV C to +50 C Stable Image Note NAND -65 C to 150 C -40 C to +85 C Operating free-air AL422B FIFO -55 C to +125 C 0 C to +70 C MCU -65 C to 150 C -40 C to +85 C MRAM -55 C to 150 C -45 C to 95 C Industrial Grade Voltage Regulators -65 C to 150 C -40 C to 150 C Thermal Vacuum Radiation

15 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

16 Power Budget All values from component Data Sheets Component Operating Voltage Operating Current Power consumption OV V 22 ma 60 mw NAND 3.1V 10 ua mw AL422B FIFO 3.1V 33 ma mw MCU 3.1V 6.72mA MHz NOTE MRAM 3.1V 27 ma MHz 16MHz) TOTAL PEAK POWER CONSUMPTION: mw Power Limit Constraint: 250mW Orbit AVERAGE Power Consumption

17 Power Budget States Operating State Image Acquisition JPEG Compression OV7670 FIFO MRAM MCU Peak Power ACTIVE ACTIVE STANDBY ACTIVE STANDBY STANDBY ACTIVE ACTIVE mw mw IHU Standby STANDBY STANDBY STANDBY ACTIVE mw IHU Download STANDBY STANDBY ACTIVE ACTIVE mw Power Limit Constraint: 250mW Orbit AVERAGE Power Consumption NOTE: When the Camera Board is Disabled by the IHU, the Experiment 4 Enable Pin will be LOW. The two voltage regulators, 3.1V and 2.7V, will still be connected to the Bus Battery Pins. These regulators will draw <2 µa each when in shutdown mode.

18 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

19 Software Overview

20 Real Time Operating System ChibiOS

21 JPEG Compression

22 Software Threads

23 Operations Flowchart

24 Agenda Personnel Givens & Constraints Camera Location / Orientation Camera Selection System Block Diagram Space Environment Concerns Power Budget Software Overview Expected Image Characteristics

25 Expected Image Characteristics 500 km, Nadir pointing X 27.6 o 500,000 m X

26 Questions???

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