PICOPROJECTORS: TECHNOLOGIES AND GLOBAL MARKETS. SMC090A October Paul W. Bragulla Project Analyst ISBN:

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1 PICOPROJECTORS: TECHNOLOGIES AND GLOBAL MARKETS SMC090A October 2013 Paul W. Bragulla Project Analyst ISBN: BCC Research 49 Walnut Park, Building 2 Wellesley, MA , Custom Reports: carol.laverty@bccresearch.com

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 2 REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY 2 SCOPE AND FORMAT 2 INTENDED AUDIENCE 3 METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES 4 ANALYST CREDENTIALS 4 RELATED BCC REPORTS 4 BCC ONLINE SERVICES 5 DISCLAIMER 5 CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 7 SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, ($ MILLIONS) 7 7 CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW 10 IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY 10 PRODUCT LIFECYCLE 11 GROWTH STAGE 11 TECHNOLOGY LIFE CYCLE 12 MARKET FORCES 12 DLP/LCOS/LBS 12 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 13 REGULATORY ISSUES 14 CHAPTER 4 PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGIES 16 WHAT IS A PICOPROJECTOR? 16 GENERALIZED ARCHITECTURE 16 LIGHT ENGINE 16 CONTROL ELECTRONICS 17 CLASSES OF PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGY 17 DIGITAL LIGHT PROCESSING (DLP) 17 Overview 17 Advantages 18 Disadvantages 19 Applications 19 History and Development 19 LIQUID CRYSTAL ON SILICON (LCOS) 22 Overview 22 FLCoS 23 Advantages 23 Disadvantages 24 Applications 24 LASER BEAM STEERING (LBS) 24

3 Overview 25 Advantages 26 Disadvantages 26 Applications 27 PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGY MARKET PERSPECTIVE 27 CURRENT STATUS 27 TABLE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTOR MICRODISPLAY BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018 FIGURE 1 MARKET SHARE OF PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGIES IN STANDALONE PROJECTORS, (%) FUTURE IMPLICATIONS 29 TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTOR MICRODISPLAY BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018 FIGURE 2 MARKET SHARE OF PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGY TYPES IN ALL PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR SYSTEMS, (%) PICOPROJECTOR COMPONENTS 30 INTRODUCTION TO SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE TECHNOLOGY 30 Semiconductor Doping 30 Epitaxy 32 HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (HB-LEDS) 33 LASER DIODES 35 Introduction and History 35 Green Laser Diodes 36 Gallium Nitride (GaN) Planes 37 Single-Mode Versus Multi-Mode Laser Diodes 38 PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT SOURCE MARKET PERSPECTIVE 38 CURRENT STATUS 38 TABLE 3 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, 2012 TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FOR LASER PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 TABLE 5 GLOBAL MARKET FOR RGB LED PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 FUTURE IMPLICATIONS 40 TABLE 6 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, THROUGH 2018 FIGURE 3 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, (%) TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR LASER PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR RGB LED PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT ENGINES BY TECHNOLOGY, CHAPTER 5 PATENT ANALYSIS 44 PICOPROJECTOR PATENTS 45 TABLE 10 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, (NO/%) 45 FIGURE 4 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, (NO. OF PATENTS) 45

4 TABLE 11 ASSIGNEES OF TWO OR MORE PATENTS FOR PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGIES, SAMPLE PATENT ABSTRACTS 48 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCING IMAGE OR VIDEO QUALITY USING AN EXPOSURE AWARE SCENE ADAPTIVE GLOBAL BRIGHTNESS CONTRAST Abstract 48 TITLE: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCING VISIBLE SPECKLE IN A PROJECTION VISUAL DISPLAY SYSTEM Abstract 48 COLOR FILTER OF LIQUID CRYSTAL ON SILICON DISPLAY DEVICE 49 Abstract 49 LIQUID CRYSTAL ON SILICON DISPLAY PANEL AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING THE SAME Abstract 49 LASER PROJECTION WHITE BALANCE TRACKING 49 Abstract 50 LASER PROJECTION SOURCE WITH POLARIZATION DIVERSITY ELEMENT FOR SPECKLE REDUCTION Abstract 50 RECURSIVE FEEDBACK CONTROL OF LIGHT MODULATING ELEMENTS 50 Abstract 51 DISPLAY DEBIASING SCHEME AND DISPLAY 51 Abstract 51 SCANNING PROJECTION APPARATUS WITH PHASE DETECTION AND COMPENSATION Abstract 51 GIMBALED SCANNING MICRO-MIRROR ACTUATION SCHEME AND ARCHITECTURE Abstract 52 MICRO ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEM (MEMS) BASED HIGH DEFINITION MICRO-PROJECTORS Abstract 52 MODULATION SCHEME FOR DRIVING DIGITAL DISPLAY SYSTEMS 53 Abstract 53 OPTICAL DEVICE FOR PROJECTION OF OPTICAL BEAMS 53 Abstract 53 PATENT APPLICATIONS NOT YET GRANTED 53 TABLE 12 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS NOT YET GRANTED BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, FIGURE 5 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS NOT YET GRANTED BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, SAMPLE PATENT APPLICATION ABSTRACTS 54 PRISM SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF FOR ELIMINATING COLOR ABERRATION Abstract 55 FRAME BUFFER PIXEL CIRCUIT OF LIQUID CRYSTAL ON SILICON DISPLAY DEVICE Abstract 55 CONTROLLING LASER POWER

5 Abstract 56 GREEN LASER DIODES 56 TABLE 13 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS AND GRANTS FOR LASER DIODES BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, 1970-AUGUST 2013 FIGURE 6 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS AND GRANTS FOR LASER DIODES BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, 1970-AUGUST 2013 GROWTH STRUCTURES AND METHOD FOR FORMING LASER DIODES ON {30-31} OR OFF CUT GALLIUM AND NITROGEN CONTAINING SUBSTRATES Abstract 57 GROUP III NITRIDE SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DIODE 58 Abstract CHAPTER 6 PICOPROJECTOR APPLICATIONS 60 STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS 60 MARKET APPROACH 60 MARKET PERSPECTIVE 60 TABLE 14 GLOBAL SALES VOLUME OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, 2012 FIGURE 7 GLOBAL SALES REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, 2012 (THOUSAND UNITS) Domestic 61 Organizational 62 Business 62 Education 62 MARKET DISTRIBUTION 63 TABLE 15 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, FIGURE 8 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, ($ MILLIONS) GEOGRAPHICAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE 64 TABLE 16 GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 9 GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 17 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, FIGURE 10 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, TABLE 18 AMERICAS' MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS, BY SEGMENT, TABLE 19 EUROPE'S MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY SEGMENT, TABLE 20 APAC'S MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY SEGMENT, EMBEDDED PICOPROJECTORS 68 MARKET APPROACH 68 MARKET PERSPECTIVE 68 TABLE 21 GLOBAL SALES VOLUME OF EMBEDDED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, 2012 Smart Devices and Notebooks

6 Phones 69 Notebooks 70 Cameras 70 Tablets 70 Smart Picoprojectors 71 FUTURE MARKET PERSPECTIVE 72 TABLE 22 GLOBAL EMBEDDED PICOPROJECTOR MARKET SALES VOLUME BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 INTEGRATED PICOPROJECTORS 73 MARKET APPROACH 73 MARKET PERSPECTIVE 73 TABLE 23 ESTIMATED GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTEGRATED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, 2013 ($ MILLIONS) HMD Devices 74 Automotive 75 Medical 77 Instruction Systems 78 3D Printing 79 3D Scanning 79 Aviation 80 Structured Light Modulation 80 Machine Vision 81 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing 82 Spectroscopy 83 FUTURE MARKET PERSPECTIVE 84 TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTEGRATED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, ($ MILLIONS) TOTAL MARKET BY APPLICATION 85 TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET VOLUME FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 26 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 27 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER 7 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 88 BASIC ORGANIZATION OF THE PICOPROJECTOR INDUSTRY 88 MICRODISPLAY MANUFACTURERS 88 DLP MANUFACTURERS 89 Texas Instruments and DLP 89 LCOS MANUFACTURERS 90 Syndiant 91 TABLE 28 CURRENT SYNDIANT MICRODISPLAY PRODUCTS 92 JDC 92 Micron/Displaytech 92 TABLE 29 CURRENT JASPER MICRODISPLAY CORPORATION PRODUCTS 93 AAXA 93 Aurora Systems/OmniVision 94 Himax 94

7 LBS MANUFACTURERS 94 Maradin 95 Microvision 95 Opus Microsystems 96 HB-LED MANUFACTURERS 97 TABLE 30 LARGEST LED MANUFACTURERS SORTED BY 2011 REVENUES FROM PACKAGED LED COMPONENTS LASER DIODE MANUFACTURERS 99 MARKET STRUCTURE 99 TABLE 31 LED MANUFACTURERS BY LASER DIODE TYPE PRODUCED 100 Corning 101 Nichia 101 Oclaro 102 Ondax 102 Osram 103 Panasonic 103 Sharp 104 Sony 105 Soraa/Kaai 105 Sumitomo 106 PROJECTOR MANUFACTURERS CHAPTER 8 MARKET TRENDS 109 PICOPROJECTOR INDUSTRY PREDICTIONS 109 TRENDS IN PRICE AND PRICE/PERFORMANCE 109 MARKET DRIVERS 110 BATTERY TRENDS 110 PRICE COMPARISON AND MINIATURIZATION 111 MARKET RESTRAINTS 112 Quality/Power/Size Dichotomy 112 Picoprojector Safety 113 HMD Trends 113 Automotive Trends 115 Aftermarket 116 BMW 116 GM 117 Competing Technologies 117 MARKET CHALLENGES 118 Standalone Versus Embedded 118 Emerging and Competitive Technologies 119 CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 122 AAXA 122 CITIZEN FINETECH MIYOTA 122 CORNING 122 HIMAX DISPLAY 123 HIMAX DISPLAY CALIFORNIA OFFICE 123 JASPER DISPLAY CORPORATION 123

8 JASPER DISPLAY CORPORATION, SUBSIDIARY, USA 123 MARADIN 124 MEZMERIZ 124 MICROVISION 124 NICHIA 125 OCLARO 125 OMNIVISION TECHNOLOGIES 126 ONDAX 126 OPTOMA 126 OPTOMA USA HEADQUARTERS 126 OPUS MICROSYSTEMS 127 OSRAM 127 OSRAM OPTO-SEMICONDUCTORS 127 PHONESUIT 128 ROHM 128 SHANGHAI SANXIN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY 128 SHARP 128 SHARP USA 129 SONY 129 SONY CORPORATION OF AMERICA 129 SORAA 129 STMICROELECTRONICS 130 SUMITOMO ELECTRIC 130 SUMITOMO ELECTRIC USA 130 SYNDIANT 131 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 131 WOWWEE 131 WOWWEE USA, INC. 132 CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX: REGULATIONS AND REGULATORY BODIES 134 REGULATIONS 134 TABLE 32 U.S. REGULATORY AGENCIES AND TRADE ORGANIZATIONS RELEVANT TO REGULATORY DECISIONS FOR PICOPROJECTORS LEDS 135 TABLE 33 LED REGULATIONS RELEVANT TO PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT SOURCES LASERS 136 TABLE 34 LASER CLASSES PROVIDED BY IEC AND THE FDA 137 TABLE 35 LASER REGULATIONS RELEVANT TO PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT SOURCES MICRODISPLAYS AND PROJECTORS

9 LIST OF TABLES TABLE HEADING SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 1 GLOBAL MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTOR MICRODISPLAY BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTOR MICRODISPLAY BY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 3 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, 2012 TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FOR LASER PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 TABLE 5 GLOBAL MARKET FOR RGB LED PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 TABLE 6 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR LASER PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR RGB LED PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT ENGINES BY TECHNOLOGY, TABLE 10 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, (NO/%) 45 TABLE 11 ASSIGNEES OF TWO OR MORE PATENTS FOR PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGIES, TABLE 12 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS NOT YET GRANTED BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, TABLE 13 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS AND GRANTS FOR LASER DIODES BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, 1970-AUGUST 2013 TABLE 14 GLOBAL SALES VOLUME OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, 2012 TABLE 15 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, TABLE 16 GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 17 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, TABLE 18 AMERICAS' MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS, BY SEGMENT, TABLE 19 EUROPE'S MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY SEGMENT, TABLE 20 APAC'S MARKET FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY SEGMENT, TABLE 21 GLOBAL SALES VOLUME OF EMBEDDED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, 2012 TABLE 22 GLOBAL EMBEDDED PICOPROJECTOR MARKET SALES VOLUME BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 TABLE 23 ESTIMATED GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTEGRATED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, 2013 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR INTEGRATED PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET VOLUME FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH

10 TABLE HEADING TABLE 26 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 27 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, THROUGH 2018 ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 28 CURRENT SYNDIANT MICRODISPLAY PRODUCTS 92 TABLE 29 CURRENT JASPER MICRODISPLAY CORPORATION PRODUCTS 93 TABLE 30 LARGEST LED MANUFACTURERS SORTED BY 2011 REVENUES FROM PACKAGED LED COMPONENTS TABLE 31 LED MANUFACTURERS BY LASER DIODE TYPE PRODUCED 100 TABLE 32 U.S. REGULATORY AGENCIES AND TRADE ORGANIZATIONS RELEVANT TO REGULATORY DECISIONS FOR PICOPROJECTORS TABLE 33 LED REGULATIONS RELEVANT TO PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT SOURCES TABLE 34 LASER CLASSES PROVIDED BY IEC AND THE FDA 137 TABLE 35 LASER REGULATIONS RELEVANT TO PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR LIGHT SOURCES

11 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 1 MARKET SHARE OF PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGIES IN STANDALONE PROJECTORS, (%) FIGURE 2 MARKET SHARE OF PICOPROJECTOR TECHNOLOGY TYPES IN ALL PICOPROJECTORS AND PICOPROJECTOR SYSTEMS, (%) FIGURE 3 GLOBAL MARKET SHARE FOR PICOPROJECTORS BY COMPONENT TYPE, (%) FIGURE 4 PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, (NO. OF PATENTS) 45 FIGURE 5 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS NOT YET GRANTED BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, FIGURE 6 NUMBER OF PATENT APPLICATIONS AND GRANTS FOR LASER DIODES BY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, 1970-AUGUST 2013 FIGURE 7 GLOBAL SALES REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, 2012 (THOUSAND UNITS) FIGURE 8 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES FOR STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY MARKET SEGMENT, ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 9 GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION, 2012 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 10 ESTIMATED GLOBAL REVENUES OF STANDALONE PICOPROJECTORS BY REGION,