PAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a book, cite appropriate location(s)) CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS GRADE 10 READING

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1 Prentice Hall Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes, Platinum Level 2002 California Content Standards for Reading/Language Arts (Grade 10) READING 1.0. Word Analysis, Fluency, and Systematic Vocabulary Development Students apply their knowledge of word origins to determine the meaning of new words encountered in reading materials and use those words accurately. Vocabulary and Concept Development 1.1. Identify and use the literal and figurative meanings of words and understand word derivations Distinguish between the denotative and connotative meanings of words and interpret the connotative power of words Identify Greek, Roman, and Norse mythology and use the knowledge to understand the origin and meaning of new words (e.g., the word narcissistic drawn from the myth of Narcissus and Echo). SE/TE: Words: in context, 408, 630, meanings, 78, 176, 262, multiple meanings, 932, from myths, 212, 630, Word forms, 848, Connotation, 205, 211, R7, Denotation, R7, Contrasting definitions, 394, Context, 154, 192, 588, 610, 946, Related words: forms of sagacity, 440 TE: Context Clues (Vocabulary), 44 TR: Build Vocabulary Selection Support Workbook, Vocabulary and Spelling: Formal Assessment SE/TE: Anglo-Saxon prefixes: be-, 46, mis-, 914, suffixes, -less, 98, -ly, 508, Greek prefixes: epi-, 262, syn-, 756, roots: -chol-, 272, -chor-, 810, -path-, 978, -phil-, 899, Latin plural forms, 572, prefixes: counter-, 296, im-, 164, in-, 134, mal-, 720, mil-, 946, pro-, 348, super-, 362, trans-, 789, roots: -ami-, 460, - cent-, 472, -cred-, 66, -curs-, 310, -dom-, 372, -firm-, 1074, -gratis-, 286, -journ-, 966, -ora-, 881, -pel-, 394, -reput-, 452, -sat-, 408, -son-, 1016, -spir-, 859, -stup-, 78, -tac-, 956, -tain-, 114, -term-, 22, -ultra-, 646, -ver-, 610, -vol-, 176, suffixes: -able, 668, -ment, 224, -ous, 1044, -tion, 90, terms, 520, word origins, ventured, 192 TE: Vocabulary Development, 16, 33, 51, 53, 85, 111, 129, 142, 169, 173, 183, 196, 221, 243, 260, 268, 282, 291, 301, 321, 355, 369, 378, 437, 445, 457, 465, 485, 501, 542, 583, 605, 620, 642, 661, 683, 703, 716, 740, 748, 786, 796, 834, 870, 939, 954, 970, 1010, 1028, 1036, 1057, 1066, Language (thee and thou), 848 TR: Build Vocabulary Selection Support Workbook, Vocabulary and Spelling: Formal Assessment 1

2 2.0. Reading Comprehension (Focus on Informational Materials) Students read and understand grade-level-appropriate material. They analyze the organizational patterns, arguments, and positions advanced. The selections in Recommended Literature, Grades Nine Through Twelve (1990) illustrate the quality and complexity of the materials to be read by students. In addition, by grade twelve, students read two million words annually on their own, including a wide variety of classic and contemporary literature, magazines, newspapers, and online information. In grades nine and ten, students make substantial progress toward this goal. Structural Features of Informational Materials 2.1. Analyze the structure and format of functional workplace documents, including the graphics and headers, and explain how authors use the features to achieve their purposes Prepare a bibliography of reference materials for a report using a variety of consumer, workplace, and public documents. SE/TE: Technical manual, 230, Business documents, 24, Evaluate, credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Technical articles, 655, 747, 750, 754, 755, R13, Technical directions, 226, Graphic Aids, 533, Annotated map, 79, 155, 213, 453, 589, Art exhibit, 473, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Charts, 297, 1045, Collage, 373, Dialect chart, 967, Floor plan, 631, Home pages, 441, Library resources chart, 135, Maps, annotated, 79, 155, 213, 453, 589, Multimedia biography, 611, Home pages, 591, Newspaper features, 274, Web sites, 590 TE: Real-World Connection, 231, 331, 419, 527, 649, 759, 917, 995, 1081 TR: Reading Diagnostic and Improvement Plan, Reading Strategy Selection Support Workbook, Basic Reading Skills: Comprehensive Lessons for Improvement, Open Book Tests, Standardized Test Preparation, Diagnostic Tests, Review and Remediation Skill Book, Skills Practice: Answers and Explanations on Transparencies SE/TE: Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Citing sources, R27, R28, Reference materials, 1076 TE: Writing Skills, (Organization), Real- World Connection, 231, 331, 419, 527, 649, 759, 917, 995,

3 Comprehension and Analysis of Grade-Level- Appropriate Text 2.3. Generate relevant questions about readings on issues that can be researched. SE/TE: Literal comprehension, 3, Main idea, 235, 335, Opinion and fact, 3, 29, 41, 45, Stated main idea, 335, Using prior knowledge, 427, 443, 448, 451, Relating to what you know, 215, 223, Connections: Art, 730, Geography, 37, History, 312, 414, 882, Humanities, 474, Media, 178, 1046, Music, 934, Technology, 632, Questioning, 125, 205, 209, 211, 239, 241, 242, 244, 246, 249, 251, Evaluate: credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Challenging the message, 637, 645, Research report, 979, Biographical report, 957, Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Reports, 363, 691, 721, research, 461, 1075, scientific, 669, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 TE: Literary Connection (Enrichment), 989, Literature Connection (Enrichment), 244, 258, 344, 478, 778, 786, 818, 872, 882, 902, 904, 1034, 1066, Culture (Background), 702, 774, 1038, Religion (Background), 780, 800, 805, Cultural Connection (Enrichment), 8, 52, 84, 140, 172, 220, 302, 320, 322, 354, 368, 486, 502, 514, 516, 556, 580, 642, 678, 681, 682, 698, 768, 769, 777, 780, 794, 972, 1012, 1056, Mythology Connection (Enrichment), 796, Humanities Connection, 798, 800, 819 TR: Reading Diagnostic and Improvement Plan, Reading Strategy Selection Support Workbook, Basic Reading Skills: Comprehensive Lessons for Improvement, Reader s Companion, Reading Strategies Formal Assessment, Open Book Tests, Skills Practice: Answers and Explanations on Transparencies 3

4 2.4. Synthesize the content from several sources or works by a single author dealing with a single issue; paraphrase the ideas and connect them to other sources and related topics to demonstrate comprehension. SE/TE: Comparing Literary Works/Connecting Literary Elements, 5, 29, 49, 69, 81, 93, 101, 127, 137, 157, 167, 181, 195, 205, 215, 241, 255, 265, 279, 289, 299, 317, 341, 351, 365, 375, 397, 429, 443, 455, 463, 483, 497, 511, 539, 549, 575, 595, 613, 637, 659, 675, 693, 711, 723, 733, 747, 771, 790, 821, 840, 860, 883, 900, 927, 937, 949, 959, 969, 985, 1005, 1019, 1051, 1063, Research writing, R17, R18, Research report, 979, Biographical report, 957, Flood report, 721, Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Reports, 363, 691, 721, research, 461, 1075, scientific, 669, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 TE: Further Reading (Enrichment), 2, 21, 45, 65, 77, 89, 97, 113, 124, 133, 153, 163, 175, 191, 201, 211, 223, 238, 251, 261, 271, 285, 295, 309, 327, 338, 347, 361, 371, 393, 407, 426, 439, 451, 459, 471, 493, 507, 519, 536, 545, 587, 609, 629, 645, 656, 667, 689, 707, 719, 727, 743, 755, 766, 809, 913, 924, 931, 945, 955, 965, 977, 991, 1002, 1015, 1043, 1059, 1073 TR: Reading Diagnostic and Improvement Plan, Reading Strategy Selection Support Workbook, Basic Reading Skills: Comprehensive Lessons for Improvement, Reader s Companion, Reading Strategies Formal Assessment, Open Book Tests, Standardized Test Preparation, Skills Practice: Answers and Explanations on Transparencies 4

5 2.5. Extend ideas presented in primary or secondary sources through original analysis, evaluation, and elaboration Demonstrate use of sophisticated learning tools by following technical directions (e.g., those found with graphic calculators and specialized software programs and in access guides to World Wide Web sites on the Internet). Expository Critique 2.7. Critique the logic of functional documents by examining the sequence of information and procedures in anticipation of possible reader misunderstandings Evaluate the credibility of an author's argument or defense of a claim by critiquing the relationship between generalizations and evidence, the comprehensiveness of evidence, and the way in which the author's intent affects the structure and tone of the text (e.g., in professional journals, editorials, political speeches, primary source material). SE/TE: Reading ahead for information, 2, 124, 238, 338, 426, 536, 656, 766, 924, 1002, Literal comprehension, 3, Opinion and fact, 3, 29, 41, 45, Stated main idea, 335, Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Chronological organization, 996, R14, Patterns of organization, 980, 983, Reference materials, 1076, Informational texts, IN 5 TR: Reading Diagnostic and Improvement Plan, Reading Strategy Selection Support Workbook, Basic Reading Skills: Comprehensive Lessons for Improvement, Reader s Companion, Reading Strategies Formal Assessment, Open Book Tests, Skills Practice: Answers and Explanations on Transparencies SE/TE: Technical manual, 230, Business documents, 24, Technical articles, 655, 747, 750, 754, 755, R13, Technical directions, 226 TE: Real-World Connection, 231, 331, 419, 527, 649, 759, 917, 995, 1081 TR: Reading Strategy Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Reading Strategies Formal Assessment, Open Book Tests, Standardized Test Preparation SE/TE: Writer s perspective, 733, 741, 743, purpose, 299, 302, 304, 309, Author s attitude, 29, 34, 43, 45, 455, 459, 693, 695, 698, 703, 707, 1003, 1019, 1021, 1022, 1024, 1025, 1027, 1028, 1031, 1032, 1034, 1036, 1037, 1039, 1041, 1043, perspective, 339, 365, 366, 371, purpose, 127, 130, 133, 463, 471, 125, 226, 229, 167, 169, 170, 172, 175, 339, 341, 347, 657, 675, 677, 680, 683, 685, 689, 1003, 1063, 1069, 1071, 1073, Challenging the message, 637, 645; Evaluate: a character s decision, 339, 351, 356, 358, 361, credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, a writer s message, 397, 407 5

6 2.8. Evaluate the credibility of an author's argument or defense of a claim by critiquing the relationship between generalizations and evidence, the comprehensiveness of evidence, and the way in which the author's intent affects the structure and tone of the text (e.g., in professional journals, editorials, political speeches, primary source material). TE: Assessment Practice (Critical Reading), 586, 930, 944, 954, 964, Literary Criticism (Enrichment), 386 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion 3.0. Literary Response and Analysis Students read and respond to historically or culturally significant works of literature that reflect and enhance their studies of history and social science. They conduct in-depth analyses of recurrent patterns and themes. The selections in Recommended Literature, Grades Nine Through Twelve illustrate the quality and complexity of the materials to be read by students. Structural Features of Literature 3.1. Articulate the relationship between the expressed purposes and the characteristics of different forms of dramatic literature (e.g., comedy, tragedy, drama, dramatic monologue). SE/TE: Descriptive presentation, 234, Dramatic monologue, 67, Dramatic reading, 881, Improvisational skit, 409, Mock trial, 811, Monologue, 213, 611, Oral anecdote, 193, argument, 287, interpretation, 993, reading, 273, response, 762, Perform a scene, 915, Poetry reading, 473, 947, 967, 979, Role play, Response to literature, 916, R18, Oral response, 762, Oral responses to literature, 920, Critical reviews, 655, 733, 740, 741, 743, R7, Reading, to appreciate author s craft, 2, 536, 766, 924, 1002, between the lines, 767, 883, 887, 888, 890, 896, 898, critically, 339, for love of literature, 2, 124, 238, 338, 426, 536, 656, 766, 924, 1002, Structure and format, 24, 27, How To Read Literature: Character s decision, 339, Cultural inferences, 1003, Drama, 767, Epics, 1003, Fiction, 427, Identify author s purpose, 125, with a character, 767, Interactive reading strategies, 125, 239, Picture the imagery, 925, Use text aids, 767 TE: Literary Analysis, 7, 31, 32, 40, 41, 51, 59, 72, 83, 94, 95, 111, 129, 146, 160, 161, 197, 199, 219, 244, 266, 268, 283, 292, 306, 319, 321, 355, 368, 370, 377, 401, 402, 436, 445, 446, 456, 467, 512, 513, 582, 598, 599, 602, 624, 639, 695, 724; Literary Analysis, 736, 753, 797, 824, 844, 854, 855, 870, 884, 939, 952, 962, 970, 971, 975, 987, Literary Criticism (Enrichment), 386 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion 6

7 3.2. Compare and contrast the presentation of a similar theme or topic across genres to explain how the selection of genre shapes the theme or topic. Narrative Analysis of Grade-Level-Appropriate Text 3.3. Analyze interactions between main and subordinate characters in a literary text (e.g., internal and external conflicts, motivations, relationships, influences) and explain the way those interactions affect the plot Determine characters' traits by what the characters say about themselves in narration, dialogue, dramatic monologue, and soliloquy Compare works that express a universal theme and provide evidence to support the ideas expressed in each work. SE/TE: Theme, IN3, 157, 163, 279, 397, 399, 405, 407, 443, 447, 451, 637, 641, 643, 645, R13, implied, 157, 163, R13, stated, 157, 163, R13, universal, 101, 113, 215, 223, R13, Universal theme, 101, 113, 215, 223, R13 TE: Literary Connection (Enrichment), 989, Literary Criticism (Enrichment), 386, Literature Connection (Enrichment), 244, 258, 344, 478, 778, 786, 818, 872, 882, 902, 904, 1034, 1066 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Character s decision, 339, Identify author s purpose with a character, 767, Character rank, 840, 853, 856, 858, Characterization, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, R6, Characters, IN2, 595, 600, 601, 606, 609, R6, antagonist, 771, 773, 774, 778, 780, 782, 783, 784, 788, R6, attitudes of, 443, 451, dynamic, 181, 187, 191, 317, 327, 375, 378, 379, 382, 386, 388, 390, 393, 1019, 1038, 1043, flat, 137, 144, 148, 153, tragic, 790, 792, 797, 800, 802, 806, 809, Plot, IN2, IN7, 429, 439, 539, 541, 545, 959, 965, R11, Dramatic monologue, 67, Monologue, 213, 611 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Theme, IN3, 157, 163, 279, 397, 399, 405, 407, 443, 447, 451, 637, 641, 643, 645, R13, implied, 157, 163, R13, stated, 157, 163, R13, universal, 101, 113, 215, 223, R13, Identifying evidence, 657, 733, 740, 743, Main idea, 418, R18, Main ideas, 335 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion 7

8 3.6. Analyze and trace an author's development of time and sequence, including the use of complex literary devices (e.g., foreshadowing, flashbacks) Recognize and understand the significance of various literary devices, including figurative language, imagery, allegory, and symbolism, and explain their appeal Interpret and evaluate the impact of ambiguities, subtleties, contradictions, ironies, and incongruities in a text. SE/TE: Chronological patterns, 659, Patterns of organization, 659, 661, 667, 980, 983, Foreshadowing, 49, 52, 53, 56, 61, 63, 65, R9, Cause and effect, 423, Identifying cause and effect, 279, 281, 285, 900, 901, 903, 905, 906, 908, 909, 910, 913, relationships, 537, 539, 542, 545, Analyze cause and effect, 152, 250, 308, 326, 392, 492, 502, 912, Cause and effect, 67, 177 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Allusion, 205, 207, 211, 341, 345, 347, R6, Dialect chart, 967, Dialect, 186, Words: choice of, 956, 978, Figurative language, IN9, 949, 955, R9, Sensory language, 93, 97, R12, Alliteration, 927, 931, R6, Assonance & Onomatopoeia, 937, 945, R6, Blank verse, 840, 841, 843, 846, 848, 851, 853, 858, R6, Epiphany, 167, 171, 171, 172, 175, Foreshadowing, 49, 52, 53, 56, 61, 63, 65, R9, Imagery, 93, 97, 195, 201, 969, 977, R9, Irony, 279, 285, 613, 618, 629, R9, Musical devices, 265, 271, 942 TE: Style, 1042, 1072 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Allusion, 205, 207, 211, 341, 345, 347, R6, Words: choice of, 956, 978, Figurative language, IN9, 949, 955, R9, Sensory language, 93, 97, R12, Assonance & Onomatopoeia, 937, 945, R6, Irony, 279, 285, 613, 618, 629, R9, TE: Style, 1042, 1072 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion 8

9 3.9. Explain how voice, persona, and the choice of a narrator affect characterization and the tone, plot, and credibility of a text Identify and describe the function of dialogue, scene designs, soliloquies, asides, and character foils in dramatic literature. Literary Criticism Evaluate the aesthetic qualities of style, including the impact of diction and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme, using the terminology of literary criticism. (Aesthetic approach) SE/TE: Active voice, 224, Passive voice, 224, Character s decision, 339, Identify author s purpose with a character, 767, Character rank, 840, 853, 856, 858, Characterization, 183, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, R6, Characters, IN2, 595, 600, 601, 606, 609, R6, antagonist, 771, 773, 774, 778, 780, 782, 783, 784, 788, R6, attitudes of, 443, 451, dynamic, 181, 187, 191, 317, 327, 375, 378, 379, 382, 386, 388, 390, 393, 1019, 1038, 1043, flat, 137, 144, 148, 153, tragic, 790, 792, 797, 800, 802, 806, 809, Plot, IN2, IN7, 429, 439, 539, 541, 545, 959, 965, R11 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Dramatic monologue, 67, Dramatic reading, 881, Monologue, 213, 611, How To Read Literature: Character s decision, 339, Drama, 767 TE: Drama (Enrichment), 896 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Reading ahead to appreciate author s craft, 2, 536, 766, 924, 1002, critically, 339, Figurative language, IN9, 949, 955, R9, Mood, R10, Tone, 127, 130, 133, 195, 201, 265, 271, 455, 459, 723, 727, R13, Recognizing facts and impressions, 657, 711, 712, 717, 719, Picturing the imagery, 255, 258, 261, 925, 985, 991, Forming mental images, 93, 96,97, 239, 255, 258, Engaging the senses, 317, 320, 323, 427, 511, 517, 519, Respond, to images and ideas, 265, 271, Critical reviews, 655, 733, 740, 741, 743, R7 TE: Literary Analysis, 7, 31, 32, 40, 41, 51, 59, 72, 83, 94, 95, 111, 129, 146, 160, 161, 197, 199, 219, 244, 266, 268, 283, 292, 306, 319, 321, 355, 368, 370, 377, 401, 402, 436, 445, 446, 456, 467, 512, 513, 582, 598, 599, 602, 624, 639, 695, 724, 736, 753, 797, 824, 844, 854, 855, 870, 884, 939, 952, 962, 970, 971, 975, 987, Assessment Practice (Critical Reading), 586, 930, 944, 954, 964, Literary Criticism (Enrichment), 386 9

10 Literary Criticism Evaluate the aesthetic qualities of style, including the impact of diction and figurative language on tone, mood, and theme, using the terminology of literary criticism. (Aesthetic approach) Analyze the way in which a work of literature is related to the themes and issues of its historical period. (Historical approach) TE: Literature Connection (Enrichment), 244, 258, 344, 478, 778, 786, 818, 872, 882, 902, 904, 1034, 1066, Language (Background), 848 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion SE/TE: Literature In Context: African cultural connection, 1066, Agricultural vocabulary, 143, Animal behavior, 433, Ants, 566, Architectural features, 623, Black Death, 87, Cerebral palsy, 173, Children s games around the world, 357, Climbing essentials, 33, Crimean War, 607, Cultural connection, 60, 357, 380, 582, Design connection, 623, Dialect, 186, Dionysius the Elder, 110, Erebus, 843, Extended families, 380, From Kabul to Calcutta, 322, Geography connection, 72, 143, 322, 449, Griot, 1066, Health connection, 247, Hindu gods, 1055, History connection, 305, 322, 491, 599, 607, 1037, Horses, 491, How much is a million?, 131; Humanities connection, 560, 825, 843, 863, 904, Ides of March, 825, Indian clothing, 325, La Mancha, 1009, Landscape of Antigua, 72, Language connection, 186, 500, 1023, League, 869, Macbeth, 560, Market research, 9, Matchmaking, 60, Math connection, 9, 131, Media connection, 554, Medieval vocabulary, 1023, Mount Olympus, 863, Music connection, 282, Musical vocabulary, 705, Naked Jungle, The, 554, New York City, 582, Nigerian civil war, 449, Omens, 904, Physics, 15, Raga, 282, Religion, 1055, Science connection, 15, 87, 173, 344, 433, 566, 664, Sea birds, 664, Siberia, 599, Social studies connection, 110, 325, 696, 1009, Soomerki, 344, Spanish vocabulary, 500, Sports connection, 33, Tournaments, 1037, Vocabulary connection, 705, 848, 869, Wales, 696, Wartime heroes, 305, Water-safety rules, 247, Word forms, 848, Connections: Art, 730, Geography, 37, History, 312, 414, 882, Humanities, 474, Media, 178, 1046, Music,

11 3.12. Analyze the way in which a work of literature is related to the themes and issues of its historical period. (Historical approach) TE: Literature (Background), 775, 778, 843, 863, 1021, 1039, Culture (Background), 702, 774, 1038, Religion (Background), 780, 800, 805, Mythology (Background), 799, Cultural Connection (Enrichment), 8, 52, 84, 140, 172, 220, 302, 320, 322, 354, 368, 486, 502, 514, 516, 556, 580, 642, 678, 681, 682, 698, 768, 769, 777, 780, 794, 972, 1012, 1056, Mythology Connection (Enrichment), 796, Humanities Connection (Enrichment), 798, 800, 819, Literary Connection (Enrichment), 989 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion, Adapted Reader s Companion 1.0. Writing Strategies Students write coherent and focused essays that convey a well-defined perspective and tightly reasoned argument. The writing demonstrates students awareness of the audience and purpose. Students progress through the stages of the writing process as needed. Organization and Focus 1.1. Establish a controlling impression or coherent thesis that conveys a clear and distinctive perspective on the subject and maintain a consistent tone and focus throughout the piece of writing SE/TE: Topic, choosing, 116, 330, 418, 526, 758, 916, 994, 1080, Thesis statement, 526, Chronological organization, 996, R14, Elaborating, 450, 760, 918, 996, to give information, 165, on a statement, 297, with figurative language, 420, Introductions, 395, 918, R15, Main idea, 418, R18, Nestorian organization, 996, Revising for organization, 1082, to add transitions, 495, to balance fact and opinion, 373, to balance comparisons, 760, for clarity, 919, 1045, to evaluate coherence, 530, to evaluate structure, 509, to form parallel structures, 333, for logical order, 1017 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058,

12 1.2. Use precise language, action verbs, sensory details, appropriate modifiers, and the active rather than the passive voice. Research and Technology 1.3. Use clear research questions and suitable research methods (e.g., library, electronic media, personal interview) to elicit and present evidence from primary and secondary sources. SE/TE: Sensory language, 93, 97, R12, Revising to add sensory details, 349, Sensory details, 99, 118, 408, language, 721, Setting the scene, 573, 648, Using persuasive tone in a description, 253, Active voice, 224, Passive voice, 224, Elaborating with figurative language, 420, Figurative language, IN9, 949, 955, R9, essay, IN5, 711, 713, 714, 715, 719, R8, writing, 659, 663, 667 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072 TR: Build Grammar Skills Selection Support, Build Vocabulary Selection Support Workbook, Vocabulary and Spelling: Formal Assessment SE/TE: Research writing, 526, Internment camp research report, 311, Research writing, R17, R18, Research report, 979, Biographical report, 957, Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Reports, 363, 691, 721, research, 461, 1075, scientific, 669, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials,

13 1.4. Develop the main ideas within the body of the composition through supporting evidence (e.g., scenarios, commonly held beliefs, hypotheses, definitions) Synthesize information from multiple sources and identify complexities and discrepancies in the information and the different perspectives found in each medium (e.g., almanacs, microfiche, news sources, in-depth field studies, speeches, journals, technical documents). SE/TE: Thesis statement, 526, 758, 918, Topic, choosing, 116, 330, 418, 526, 758, 916, 994, 1080, Details, 91, 115, 116, 118, 349, 420, 648, 729, 758, 760, 916, 994, 1017, 1082, R14, Elaborating, 450, 760, 918, 996, to give information, 165, on a statement, 297, Evidence, 330, Gathering specific examples, 526, 947, R16, Introductions, 395, 918, R15, Revising, to add supporting details, 453, 1082, to elaborate, 224, 729, to evaluate coherence, 530, to evaluate structure, 509, to provide examples, 193, to provide relevant support, 530, to strengthen analysis, 811, to strengthen support, 332, Supporting: generalizations, 589, opinions with evidence, 745, 757 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Writing Skills, (Organization), Style, 1042, 1072 SE/TE: Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Reports, 363, 691, 721, research, 461, 1075, scientific, 669, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 TE: TR: Writing Skills, (Organization), Writing Models and Graphic Organizers on 13

14 1.6. Integrate quotations and citations into a written text while maintaining the flow of ideas Use appropriate conventions for documentation in the text, notes, and bibliographies by adhering to those in style manuals (e.g., Modern Language Association Handbook, The Chicago Manual of Style) Design and publish documents by using advanced publishing software and graphic programs. SE/TE: Adding a direct quotation, 287, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 TE: TR: Writing Skills, (Organization) Writing Models and Graphic Organizers on SE/TE: Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 SE/TE: Multimedia biography, 611, Multimedia presentation, 91, 177, 287, 349, 395, 521, 811, 998, Multimedia presentation, 998, Multimedia presentation, 669, 920, 998, Charts, 297, 1045, Visual presentation, 947, Video script, 155 TR: Fine Art Transparencies, Beyond Literature (Cross-Curricular Connections) 14

15 Evaluation and Revision 1.9. Revise writing to improve the logic and coherence of the organization and controlling perspective, the precision of word choice, and the tone by taking into consideration the audience, purpose, and formality of the context. SE/TE: Target audience, 631, Consider: the audience, 916, Determining audience and purpose, 79, Revising to address audience knowledge, 1075, 1083, Revising for organization, 1082, to add transitions, 495, to balance fact and opinion, 373, to balance comparisons, 760, for clarity, 919, 1045, to evaluate coherence, 530, to evaluate structure, 509, to form parallel structures, 333, for logical order, 1017, Topic, choosing, 116, 330, 418, 526, 758, 916, 994, 1080, Thesis statement, 526, Chronological organization, 996, R14, Elaborating, 450, 760, 918, 996, to give information, 165, on a statement, 297, with figurative language, 420, Introductions, 395, 918, R15, Main idea, 418, R18, Nestorian organization, 996 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Writing Skills, (Organization), Style, 1042,

16 2.0. Writing Applications (Genres and Their Characteristics) Students combine the rhetorical strategies of narration, exposition, persuasion, and description to produce texts of at least 1,500 words each. Student writing demonstrates a command of standard American English and the research, organizational, and drafting strategies outlined in Writing Standard 1.0. Using the writing strategies of grades nine and ten outlined in Writing Standard 1.0, students: 2.1. Write biographical or autobiographical narratives or short stories: a. Relate a sequence of events and communicate the significance of the events to the audience. b. Locate scenes and incidents in specific places. c. Describe with concrete sensory details the sights, sounds, and smells of a scene and the specific actions, movements, gestures, and feelings of the characters; use interior monologue to depict the characters feelings. d. Pace the presentation of actions to accommodate changes in time and mood. e. Make effective use of descriptions of appearance, images, shifting perspectives, and sensory details Write responses to literature: a. Demonstrate a comprehensive grasp of the significant ideas of literary works. b. Support important ideas and viewpoints through accurate and detailed references to the text or to other works. c. Demonstrate awareness of the author s use of stylistic devices and an appreciation of the effects created. d. Identify and assess the impact of perceived ambiguities, nuances, and complexities within the text. SE/TE: Autobiographical narrative, 116, R16, Character sketch, 116, 589, Cliffhanger scene, 23, Dialogue between children, 363, Firsthand biography, 193, Monologue, 521, 839, Narration, R16, Personal narrative, 177, 349, Retelling, a myth, 495, a story, 213, Short story, 648, R16, Story ending, 611, Storytelling notes, 1075, Video script, 155, Short story, 643, Analyzing a character s behavior, 611, Dialogue, 118, 650, Revising to add sensory details, 349, to add supporting details, 453, 1082, for appropriate language, 363, to create a mood, 979, to create setting, 530 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072 SE/TE: Response to literature, 916, R18, Oral response, 762, Oral responses to literature, 920, Critical reviews, 655, 733, 740, 741, 743, R7, Reading, to appreciate author s craft, 2, 536, 766, 924, 1002, between the lines, 767, 883, 887, 888, 890, 896, 898, critically, 339, for love of literature, 2, 124, 238, 338, 426, 536, 656, 766, 924, 1002, How To Read Literature: Character s decision, 339, Cultural inferences, 1003, Drama, 767, Epics, 1003, Fiction, 427, Identify author s purpose, 125, with a character, 767, Interactive reading strategies, 125, 239, Picture the imagery, 925, Use text aids, 767 TE: Literary Analysis, 7, 31, 32, 40, 41, 51, 59, 72, 83, 94, 95, 111, 129, 146, 160, 161, 197, 199, 219, 244, 266, 268, 283, 292, 306, 319, 321, 355, 368, 370, 377, 401, 402, 436, 445, 446, 456, 467, 512,

17 2.2. Write responses to literature: a. Demonstrate a comprehensive grasp of the significant ideas of literary works. b. Support important ideas and viewpoints through accurate and detailed references to the text or to other works. c. Demonstrate awareness of the author s use of stylistic devices and an appreciation of the effects created. d. Identify and assess the impact of perceived ambiguities, nuances, and complexities within the text Write expository compositions, including analytical essays and research reports: a. Marshal evidence in support of a thesis and related claims, including information on all relevant perspectives. b. Convey information and ideas from primary and secondary sources accurately and coherently. c. Make distinctions between the relative value and significance of specific data, facts, and ideas. d. Include visual aids by employing appropriate technology to organize and record information on charts, maps, and graphs. e. Anticipate and address readers potential misunderstandings, biases, and expectations. f. Use technical terms and notations accurately Write persuasive compositions: a. Structure ideas and arguments in a sustained and logical fashion. b. Use specific rhetorical devices to support assertions (e.g., appeal to logic through reasoning; appeal to emotion or ethical belief; relate a personal anecdote, case study, or analogy). c. Clarify and defend positions with precise and relevant evidence, including facts, expert opinions, quotations, and expressions of commonly accepted beliefs and logical reasoning. d. Address readers concerns, counterclaims, biases, and expectations. TE: Literary Analysis, 582, 598, 599, 602, 624, 639, 695, 724, 736, 753, 797, 824, 844, 854, 855, 870, 884, 939, 952, 962, 970, 971, 975, 987, Literary Criticism (Enrichment), 386 TR: Literary Analysis and Reading Transparencies, Literary Analysis Selection Support Workbook, Reader s Companion SE/TE: Research writing, 526, Internment camp research report, 311, Research writing, R17, R18, Research report, 979, Biographical report, 957, Flood report, 721, Key word searches, R24, Library resources chart, 135, Reports, 363, 691, 721, research, 461, 1075, scientific, 669, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, Evaluate credibility of information sources, 274, 277, 590, 593, Citing sources, R27, R28, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076 SE/TE: Letters: persuasive, 757, to the editor, 297, 859, 1080, of recommendation, 1045, Persuasive: advertisements, 631, R16, argument, 461, essay, 332, 647, 915, R16, Using persuasive tone in a description, 253, Persuasive essay, 330, Persuasive articles, 410, Delivering a persuasive argument, 334, Facts, 235, Details, 91, 115, 116, 118, 349, 420, 648, 729, 758, 760, 916, 994, 1017, 1082, R14, Evidence, 330, Gathering specific examples, 526, 947, R16, Elaborating, 450, 760, 918, 996, to give information, 165, on a statement, 297, with figurative language,

18 2.4. Write persuasive compositions: a. Structure ideas and arguments in a sustained and logical fashion. b. Use specific rhetorical devices to support assertions (e.g., appeal to logic through reasoning; appeal to emotion or ethical belief; relate a personal anecdote, case study, or analogy). c. Clarify and defend positions with precise and relevant evidence, including facts, expert opinions, quotations, and expressions of commonly accepted beliefs and logical reasoning. d. Address readers concerns, counterclaims, biases, and expectations Write business letters: a. Provide clear and purposeful information and address the intended audience appropriately. b. Use appropriate vocabulary, tone, and style to take into account the nature of the relationship with, and the knowledge and interests of, the recipients. c. Highlight central ideas or images. d. Follow a conventional style with page formats, fonts, and spacing that contribute to the documents readability and impact Write technical documents (e.g., a manual on rules of behavior for conflict resolution, procedures for conducting a meeting, minutes of a meeting): a. Report information and convey ideas logically and correctly. b. Offer detailed and accurate specifications. c. Include scenarios, definitions, and examples to aid comprehension (e.g., troubleshooting guide). d. Anticipate readers problems, mistakes, and misunderstandings. SE/TE: Gathering specific examples, 526, 947, R16, Main idea, 418, R18, Narrowing a topic, 691, Recording the facts, 263, Addressing: the critics, 647, a target audience, 631, Consider: the audience, 916, Determining audience and purpose, 79, Revising to address audience knowledge, 1075, 1083, Adding a direct quotation, 287 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Writing Skills, (Organization) SE/TE: Business documents, 24, Letters, 691, business, 1080, R20, to the editor, 297, 859, 1080, of introduction, 79, of recommendation, 1045, persuasive, 757, requesting information, 27, of submission, 165, Memo, 26, Proposal, for nature documentary, 669, Safety instructions, 67, Workplace writing, R18 SE/TE: Workplace writing, R18, Technical manual, 230, Business documents, 24, Letters, 691, business, 1080, R20, to the editor, 297, 859, 1080, of introduction, 79, of recommendation, 1045, persuasive, 757, requesting information, 27, of submission, 165, Memo, 26, News, article, 263, 789, bulletin, 967, commentary, 373, interview, 453, Proposal, for nature documentary, 669, Safety instructions, 67 TE: Career Connection (Enrichment), 42, 54, 130, 146, 170, 186, 198, 384, 448, 554, 564, 600, 662, 684, 686, 704, 740,

19 2.6. Write technical documents (e.g., a manual on rules of behavior for conflict resolution, procedures for conducting a meeting, minutes of a meeting): a. Report information and convey ideas logically and correctly. b. Offer detailed and accurate specifications. c. Include scenarios, definitions, and examples to aid comprehension (e.g., troubleshooting guide). d. Anticipate readers problems, mistakes, and misunderstandings. TE: Real-World Connection, 231, 331, 419, 527, 649, 759, 917, 995, 1081, Education Connection (Enrichment), 184 WRITTEN AND ORAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONVENTIONS The standards for written and oral English language conventions have been placed between those for writing and for listening and speaking because these conventions are essential to both sets of skills Written and Oral English Language Conventions Students write and speak with a command of standard English conventions. Grammar and Mechanics of Writing 1.1. Identify and correctly use clauses (e.g., main and subordinate), phrases (e.g., gerund, infinitive, and participial), and mechanics of punctuation (e.g., semicolons, colons, ellipses, hyphens) Understand sentence construction (e.g., parallel structure, subordination, proper placement of modifiers) and proper English usage (e.g., consistency of verb tenses). SE/TE: Adjective clauses, 372, 610, R20, Adverb clauses, 394, R20, Clauses, 348, R20, Capitalization, 1016, R20, Colons, R21, Commas, 1060, R20, Noun clauses, 408, R20, Punctuation, 966, 1044, 1060, 1074, R20, Quotation marks, 1044, R21, Infinitive phrases, 472, R20 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Assessment Practice (Grammar and Language), 570, 608 SE/TE: Sentences, 588, R19, Complete predicates, 262, Complete subjects, 252, Compound predicates, 296, Compound subjects, 310, Fragments, R19, Indicative mood, 839, Nominative case, 78, Nonrestrictive appositives, 708, Objective case, 78, Objective pronouns, 789, Parallel structure, 630, Subject and verb agreement, 164, 572, R19, Verbs, 460, R19, action, 134, R19, forms of, 154, helping, R19, intransitive, R19, irregular, 154, lay and lie, 212; Verbs: linking, 134, R19, regular, 154, subject agreement, 164, tenses, 192, 646, transitive, R19 19

20 1.2. Understand sentence construction (e.g., parallel structure, subordination, proper placement of modifiers) and proper English usage (e.g., consistency of verb tenses) Demonstrate an understanding of proper English usage and control of grammar, paragraph and sentence structure, diction, and syntax. Manuscript Form 1.4. Produce legible work that shows accurate spelling and correct use of the conventions of punctuation and capitalization. TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Assessment Practice (Grammar and Language), 570, 608, Writing Connection (Enrichment), 292 TR: Build Grammar Skills Selection Support Workbook, Daily Language Transparencies SE/TE: Grammar Lesson (Review and Assess), 22, 46, 66, 78, 90, 98, 114, 134, 154, 164, 176, 192, 202, 212, 224, 252, 262, 272, 286, 296, 310, 328, 348, 362, 372, 394, 408, 440, 452, 460, 472, 494, 508, 520, 546, 572, 588, 610, 630, 646, 668, 690, 708, 720, 728, 744, 756, 789, 810, 839, 859, 881, 899, 914, 932, 946, 956, 966, 978, 978, 992, 1016, 1044, 1060, 1074, Writing Lesson (Review and Assess), 23, 47, 67, 79, 91, 99, 115, 135, 155, 165, 177, 193, 203, 213, 225, 253, 263, 273, 287, 297, 311, 329, 349, 363, 373, 395, 409, 441, 453, 461, 473, 495, 509, 521, 547, 573, 589, 611, 631, 647, 669, 691, 709, 721, 729, 745, 757, 811, 915, 933, 947, 957, 967, 979, 993, 1017, 1045, 1061, 1075 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072 SE/TE: Writing Workshops: Autobiographical narrative, 116, Block format, 1082, Business letter, 1080, Chronological organization, 996, Compare-and-contrast essay, 758, Comparison-and-contrast organization, 996, Consider audience, 916, 1080, Drafting, 232, 332, 420, 530, 650, 760, 996, Exposition, 230, Gather details, 420, 758, 916, How-to essay, 230, Investigative research, 526; Letter to the editor, 1080, Listing, 758, 916, Modified block format, 1082, Nestorian organization, 996, Parallelism, 333, Persuasive essay, 330, Publishing, 233, 333, 421, 531, 651, 761, 919, 997, 1083, Reflective essay, 418, Research writing, 526, Response to literature, 916, Revising, 232, 332, 420, 530, 650, 760, 918, 996, 1082, Scanning headlines, 526, Short story, 643, 20

21 Manuscript Form 1.4. Produce legible work that shows accurate spelling and correct use of the conventions of punctuation and capitalization Reflect appropriate manuscript requirements, including title page presentation, pagination, spacing and margins, and integration of source and support material (e.g., in-text citation, use of direct quotations, paraphrasing) with appropriate citations. SE/TE: Thesis statement, 526, Topic selection, 116, 330, 418, 526, 578, 916, 994, 1080, Writing for assessment, 994 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Assessment Practice (Grammar and Language), 570, 608, Writing Connection (Enrichment), 292 SE/TE: Citing sources, R27, R28, Bibliography, 709, Annotated bibliography, 729, Bar graph, 495, Bibliography of reference materials, 709, Biographical, brochure, 1017, report, 957, sketch, 263, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Reference materials, 1076, Adding a direct quotation, 287 TE: Assessment Practice (Writing Skills), 1042, 1058, 1072, Writing Skills, (Organization) LISTENING AND SPEAKING 1.0. Listening and Speaking Strategies Students formulate adroit judgments about oral communication. They deliver focused and coherent presentations of their own that convey clear and distinct perspectives and solid reasoning. They use gestures, tone, and vocabulary tailored to the audience and purpose. Comprehension 1.1. Formulate judgments about the ideas under discussion and support those judgments with convincing evidence. SE/TE: Arguments, 530, Book discussion, 349, Debate, 115, 165, 495, 509, 859, Effective listening, 652, Group discussion, 135, 729, Informal debate, 165, Panel discussion, 1045, Analyzing types of arguments, 532 Portfolio 21

22 1.2. Compare and contrast the ways in which media genres (e.g., televised news, news magazines, documentaries, online information) cover the same event. Organization and Delivery of Oral Communication 1.3. Choose logical patterns of organization (e.g., chronological, topical, cause and effect) to inform and to persuade, by soliciting agreement or action, or to unite audiences behind a common belief or cause Choose appropriate techniques for developing the introduction and conclusion (e.g., by using literary quotations, anecdotes, references to authoritative sources) Recognize and use elements of classical speech forms (e.g., introduction, first and second transitions, body, conclusion) in formulating rational arguments and applying the art of persuasion and debate Present and advance a clear thesis statement and choose appropriate types of proof (e.g., statistics, testimony, specific instances) that meet standard tests for evidence, including credibility, validity, and relevance. SE/TE: Analyze a media presentation, 762, Analyzing types of arguments, 532, Comparing media coverage, 422, Visual symbol, 839 TE: Film (Background), 732, 738, 823, 826, 1048, Film Connection (Enrichment), 1046, 1049 Portfolio SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Workshops: Analyze a media presentation, 762, Analyzing types of arguments, 532, Comparing media coverage, 422, Delivering a persuasive argument, 334, Descriptive presentations, 234, Effective listening, 652, Interviewing techniques, 1084, Multimedia presentation, 998, Narrative presentation, 120, Oral responses to literature, 920 Portfolio SE/TE: Introduction, 461, Arguments, 530, Debate, 115, 165, 495, 509, 859, Demonstration, 757, Analyze a media presentation, 762 Portfolio SE/TE: Dramatic monologue, 67, Dramatic reading, 881, Effective listening, 652, Eulogy, 155, Mock trial, 811, Narrative presentation, 120, Oral reading, 273, Perform a scene, 915, Poetry reading, 473, 947, 967, 979, Royal speech, 647, Speech, 99, 177, 203, 573, 647 TE: Drama (Enrichment), 896, Performing Arts Connection (Enrichment), 782 Portfolio SE/TE: Introduction, 461, Arguments, 530, Bibliography, 709, Book discussion, 349, Debate, 115, 165, 495, 509, 859, Oral argument, 287, interpretation, 993, Persuasive argument, 311, 334, 631, Research report, 979, Multimedia presentation, 998 Portfolio 22

23 1.7. Use props, visual aids, graphs, and electronic media to enhance the appeal and accuracy of presentations Produce concise notes for extemporaneous delivery Analyze the occasion and the interests of the audience and choose effective verbal and nonverbal techniques (e.g., voice, gestures, eye contact) for presentations. Analysis and Evaluation of Oral and Media Communications Analyze historically significant speeches (e.g., Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address, Martin Luther King, Jr. s I Have a Dream ) to find the rhetorical devices and features that make them memorable Assess how language and delivery affect the mood and tone of the oral communication and make an impact on the audience Evaluate the clarity, quality, effectiveness, and general coherence of a speaker s important points, arguments, evidence, organization of ideas, delivery, diction, and syntax. SE/TE: Graphic Aids, 533, Text aids, 767, 821, 823, 825, 833, 835, 838, Charts, 297, 1045, Dialect chart, 967, Library resources chart, 135, Analyzing structure and format, 24, 27, text structures, 522, 525, Essay: visual, IN5, 723, 727, R8, Visual presentation, 947, Visual representation, 276 TR: Fine Art Transparencies, Beyond Literature (Cross-Curricular Connections) SE/TE: Informal debate, 165, Informal talk, 47, Book discussion, 349, Group discussion, 135, 729, Interview, 225, 395, 957, 1084, Oral anecdote, 193, response, 762, Panel discussion, 1045 Portfolio SE/TE: Listening and Speaking Workshops: Analyze a media presentation, 762, Analyzing types of arguments, 532, Comparing media coverage, 422, Delivering a persuasive argument, 334, Descriptive presentations, 234, Effective listening, 652, Interviewing techniques, 1084, Multimedia presentation, 998, Narrative presentation, 120, Oral responses to literature, 920 Portfolio SE/TE: Oral history, 311, Annotated bibliography, 729, Biographical sketch, 263, Dialect chart, 967, Multimedia biography, 611, Timelines, 23, 203, 273, 329, 933, Visual presentation, 947 Portfolio SE/TE: Dialect chart, 967, Dramatic reading, 881, Effective listening, 652, Speech analysis, 691, Storytelling, 547, 1075, Analyze a media presentation, 762, Analyzing types of arguments, 532, Delivering a persuasive argument, 334 Portfolio 23

24 1.13. Analyze the types of arguments used by the speaker, including argument by causation, analogy, authority, emotion, and logic Identify the aesthetic effects of a media presentation and evaluate the techniques used to create them (e.g., compare Shakespeare s Henry V with Kenneth Branagh s film version). SE/TE: Arguments, 530, Debate, 115, 165, 495, 509, 859, Effective listening, 652, Informal debate, 165, Mock trial, 811, Oral argument, 287, Panel discussion, 1045, Persuasive argument, 311, 334, 631, Delivering a persuasive argument, 334 Portfolio SE/TE: Analyze a media presentation, 762, Analyzing types of arguments, 532, Comparing media coverage, 422, Visual symbol, 839, Compare information from several sources, 812, 815, Credibility of information sources, 274, 590, 593, Home pages, 591, Newspaper features, 274, Visual representation, 276, Charts, 297, 1045 TE: Film (Background), 732, 738, 823, 826, 1048, Film Connection (Enrichment), 1046, 1049, Humanities Connection (Enrichment), 798, 800, 819 TR: Fine Art Transparencies, Beyond Literature (Cross-Curricular Connections) 2.0. Speaking Applications (Genres and Their Characteristics) Students deliver polished formal and extemporaneous presentations that combine the traditional rhetorical strategies of narration, exposition, persuasion, and description. Student speaking demonstrates a command of standard American English and the organizational and delivery strategies outlined in Listening and Speaking Standard 1.0. Using the speaking strategies of grades nine and ten outlined in Listening and Speaking Standard 1.0, students: 2.1. Deliver narrative presentations: a. Narrate a sequence of events and communicate their significance to the audience. b. Locate scenes and incidents in specific places. c. Describe with concrete sensory details the sights, sounds, and smells of a scene and the specific actions, movements, gestures, and feelings of characters. d. Pace the presentation of actions to accommodate time or mood changes. SE/TE: Descriptive presentation, 234, Narrative presentation, 120, Oral anecdote, 193, Storytelling, 547, 1075 Portfolio 24