Learning Chinese Table of Contents. Learning Chinese A FOUNDATION COURSE IN JULIAN K. WHEATLEY YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS. Copyright 2011 Yale University

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1 Learning Chinese A FOUNDATION COURSE IN MANDARIN JULIAN K. WHEATLEY YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW HAVEN & LONDON

2 Learning Chinese comes with an extensive set of audio clips that serve as a personal guide to the Chinese language material in the book. These, as well as vocabulary lists (both Chinese-to-English and English-to-Chinese), keys to exercises, and other special features, can be found at the companion website yalebooks.com/wheatley.

3 Preface Genesis and Acknowledgments Introduction Further Reading and References xv xviii xxi li SOUNDS AND SYMBOLS Syllable components Tones Initial consonants Rhymes Miscellany Writing connected text in pinyin Recapitulation 27 Coda 30 THE CORE UNITS 33 Unit Conventions Pronunciation Numbers (cardinal and ordinal) Stative verbs Time and tense Pronouns 48

4 viii 1.7 Action verbs Conventional greetings Greeting and taking leave Tones Summary Rhymes and rhythms 67 Unit Pronunciation Adverbs More SVs Nouns and modification Identity Names and titles Location and existence Miscellany Dialogue: At the airport Reflections: What have you learned? Pinyin notes and practice Summary Rhymes and rhythms 110 Unit Pronunciation Amount Nationality The cardinal directions: NSEW Yes and no Thanks and sorry Things to drink Why; because [there s a lot of ]; so Money Other numbered sets 147

5 ix 3.11 Courses and classes Dialogue: Courses and classes Sounds and pinyin Summary Rhymes and rhythms 161 Appendix: Countries and nationalities 162 Unit Tone contrasts Existence and location Time phrases DE revisited Names in detail Years Studying and working Forms of address Introductions Dialogue: On the bus to Miányáng Food (1) Pinyin: Initials w and y Summary Rhymes and rhythms 229 Appendix 1: Courses of study and university names 230 Appendix 2: The 50 most common surnames 233 Unit Tone contrasts Or At the beginning of class Food (2) Expanding the V+de construction Talking to children Verbs, co-verbs, and serialization 257

6 x 5.8 Music and musicians Verbs of cognition Destination Purpose In the past And Sports and scores Dialogue: Who won? Pronunciation (final r; low tones) Summary Rhymes and rhythms 294 Unit Opposites Describing people Verb + guò When; before; after When? Places of work Directions The shi-de construction Dialogue: Where are you from? Calling Michael Jordan Food (3) Summary Rhymes and rhythms 333 Appendix: Chinese historical periods 334 Unit Verb combos (1) Connecting sentences Speaking languages 349

7 xi 7.4 Dialogue: Language abilities Dialogue: Tea and coffee Alone or with others; conveyances Cái not until Duration More le patterns Weather Dialogue: Talking about the weather (and finding the right words) Co-verbs (2) A letter home Pronunciation practice Summary Rhymes and rhythms 392 Appendix: Question words 393 THE CHARACTER UNITS 397 Unit General features of Chinese texts The form of characters The function of characters Writing Presentation of characters Numbers Dates Days Surnames and pronouns More pronouns and function words SVs and associated function words Action verbs and associated function words On the street #1 425

8 xii Unit Review First set Second set Third set Fourth set Form of characters Miscellany On the street #2 453 Unit Review First set Second set Third set Fourth set Creating new characters Miscellany On the street #3 478 Unit Review First set Second set Third set Fourth set Traditional versus simplified characters Business cards On the street #4 501 Unit Review First set 508

9 xiii 12.2 Second set Third set Fourth set Traditional characters Formal numbers The five elements On the street #5 528 Unit Review First set Second set Third set Fourth set A tale of filial piety One is enough ( ) (fántǐ zì) Animal radicals On the street #6 551 Appendix 1: Stroke Order and Stroke Direction 555 Appendix 2: A Sample Schedule for Learning Chinese 597

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