Content. Learning Outcomes

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Job Summers
5 years ago
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1 Poetry WRITING

2 Content Being able to creatively write poetry is an art form in every language. This lesson will introduce you to writing poetry in English including free verse and form poetry. Learning Outcomes Learn about different languages and types of poetry Learn vocabulary related to poetry Gain an introduction to writing poetry in English 1

Poetry Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language such as sound symbolism, and meter to evoke meanings. Poetry has a long history.

3 Poetry Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language such as sound symbolism, and meter to evoke meanings. Poetry has a long history. Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, verse form and rhyme. 2

4 Poetry uses forms to suggest different interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Poetry styles such as alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to achieve musical effects. Symbolism and other stylistic elements of poetry often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Figures of speech such as metaphor and simile create a resonance a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not thought of. Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and genres and respond to characteristics of the language. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms, styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages. 3

5 Prosody is the study of the meter, rhythm, and intonation of a poem. Rhythm and meter are different, although closely related. Meter is the pattern established for a verse (such as iambic pentameter), while rhythm is the actual sound that results from a line of poetry. Metrical rhythm generally involves precise arrangements of stresses or syllables into repeated patterns.. 4

6 The methods for creating poetic rhythm vary across languages and between poetic traditions. Languages are often described as having timing set primarily by accents, syllables, or mora, depending on how rhythm is established, though a language can be influenced by multiple approaches. Japanese is a mora-timed language. Syllable-timed languages include Latin, Catalan, French, Leonese,Galicia n and Spanish. English, Russian and, German are stress-timed languages. Varying intonation also affects how rhythm is perceived. Languages can rely on either pitch, such as in Vedic Sanskrit or Ancient Greek, or tone. Tonal languages include Chinese, Vietnamese, Lithuanian, and most Subsaharan languages. 5

Rhyme, alliteration, assonance and consonance are ways of creating repetitive patterns of sound. They can also carry a meaning separate from the repetitive sound patterns created.

7 Rhyme, alliteration, assonance and consonance are ways of creating repetitive patterns of sound. They can also carry a meaning separate from the repetitive sound patterns created. For example, Chaucer used heavy alliteration to mock Old English verse and to paint a character as archaic. Rhyme consists of identical ("hard-rhyme") or similar ("soft-rhyme") sounds placed at the ends of lines or at predictable locations within lines ("internal rhyme"). Languages vary in the richness of their rhyming structures. 6

In many languages, including modern European languages and Arabic, poets use rhyme in set patterns as a structural element for specific poetic forms, such as ballads, sonnets and rhyming couplets.

8 In many languages, including modern European languages and Arabic, poets use rhyme in set patterns as a structural element for specific poetic forms, such as ballads, sonnets and rhyming couplets. However, the use of structural rhyme is not universal even within the European tradition. Much modern poetry avoids traditional rhyme schemes. Arabic language poets used rhyme extensively from the first development of literary Arabic in the sixth century, as in their long, rhyming qasidas. 7

9 Reading Read the following text A ballad is a form of verse, often a narrative set to music. Ballads derive from the medieval French chanson balladée or ballade, which were originally "dancing songs". Ballads were particularly characteristic of the popular poetry and song of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century. The form was often used by poets and composers from the 18th century onwards to produce lyrical ballads. In the later 19th century the term took on the meaning of a slow form of popular love song and is now often used for any love song, particularly the pop or rock power ballad. The ballad derives its name from medieval French dance songs or "ballares from which 'ballet' is also derived, as did the alternative rival form that became the French ballade. 8

10 Speaking Based on the short text, talk about the following questions. 1. What are ballads derived from? 2. What does a ballad mean in the 19th century? 3. Where does the name ballad come from? 9

11 1) Aesthetic 2) Symbolism 3) Speech 4) Rhetoric 5) Repetition 11) Resonance 12) Form 13) Style 14) Technique 15) Meter 6) Verse form 7) Rhyme 8) Interpretation 9) Stylistic 10) Metaphor 10

12 Popular poetry Dancing song Narrative set Verse Characteristic of Rhyming couplet Set patterns Repetitive patterns of sound Structural elements Poetic traditions Varying intonation Intonation of a poem Interpretation of words Poetic diction Layering of meanings Forming connections 11

13 Rhythm Intonation Poetic lines Arrangement Syllables Pattern Structure Ballad Sonnet Accents Intonation Couplet 12

14 Students notes vocabulary they have further questions about 13

15 Writing Answer the questions What distinguishes poetry from other forms of writing? a) Repetition, verse form and rhyme b) Sound symbols c) Symbolism What leaves a poem open to interpretation? a) Ambiguity and symbolism b) Characteristics of language c) Styles and techniques What is rhythm? a) What makes people move b) The actual sound that results from a line of poetry 14 c) A poetic line

16 Writing Complete the sentences Rhyme, alliteration, assonance and consonance are a) ways of making structural poetry b) ways of creating repetitive patterns of sound c) rhyming structures Rhythm and meter are a) the same b) different c) different, although closely related Meter is a) prosody b) the pattern established for a verse c) while rhythm 15

17 Writing Write summary of the texts from the previous slides. 16

18 Writing True or False The use of structural rhyme is universal a) True b) False A ballad is a narrative set to music a) True b) False Languages vary in richness of their rhyming structures a) True b) False 17

19 Speaking Discuss your opinion 1) Is poetry difficult to understand? 2) Is poetry open to interpretation? 3) Is poetry an important part of culture? 18

20 Speaking Choose the correct interpretation Ballads derive from the medieval French chanson Balladee a) Ballad is a type of poetry that originates from dancing songs b) Ballads are french Assonance and Onomatopeia are used to achieve music effects a) Assonance and Onomatopeia add nice style effects to poetry b) Assonance and Onomatopeia are forms of poetry that create effects Metaphor and metonymy create a resonance between images a) Metaphor and metonymy resonate each other b) Metaphor and metonymy are figures of speech that make connections 19

21 Speaking True or False 1. Poetry is a very recent form of literature 2. Poetry responds to characteristics of language 3. Modern English poetry has the same rhythm than other classical languages True False 20

22 Speaking Matching ballad poetry Modern poetry arrangement assonance metaphor ballares varying rhyming stresses medieval French songs form of literature music onomatopeia traditional rhyme schemes metonymy intonation structures 21

,, or. by way of a passing reference. The reader has to make a connection. Extended Metaphor a comparison between things that

,, or. by way of a passing reference. The reader has to make a connection. Extended Metaphor a comparison between things that Vocab and Literary Terms Connotations that is by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly. Words carry cultural and emotional associations or meanings, in addition to their literal meanings.