Tables and Figures. Tables

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1 Tables and Chapter 1 Constructing the Cosmic View Tables 1.1 The Doctrine of the Five Virtues The Five Virtues and the Triple Concordance Compared Sage Kings and Dynasties in the Doctrine of the Triple Concordance 30 Chapter 5 Mapping Celestial Bodies 5.1 Cardinal Emblems and Lunar Lodges 309 Introduction: Images and References 0.1 Inscription on Yu ding showing the graphs tian and da Evolution of the graph tian Northern Dipper on a stone carving in the Wu family shrines Excursion of the Heavenly Lord on a mirror unearthed in Xinye, Henan Celestial images on a wood carving unearthed in Xuyi, Jiangsu Dragon and stars on a wood carving unearthed in Xuyi, Jiangsu Lifting a tripod on a wood carving unearthed in Xuyi, Jiangsu Performances on a wood carving unearthed in Xuyi, Jiangsu Stele of Hammurabi Induction of Vibia 14 Chapter 1 Constructing the Cosmic View 1.1 Bin Gong xu He zun Tian Wang gui 20

2 xii 1.4 Conquest cycle of the Five Virtues in the Qin Conquest cycle of the Five Virtues in the Western Han Generation cycle of the Five Virtues in the Xin Layout of Han Chang an Floor plan of the Bright Hall complex in Chang an Floor plan and cross-section of the main building in the Bright Hall complex in Chang an Layout of Han Luoyang Floor plan of the Bright Hall complex in Luoyang Floor plan of the main building in the Bright Hall complex in Luoyang Cong tube and bi disc from the Liangzhu culture Jade plaque unearthed at Lingjiatan, Anhui Jade turtle unearthed at Lingjiatan, Anhui Burial Site 2 at Niuheliang, Liaoning Chariot unearthed from the mausoleum of the First Emperor Shi device Circles and squares in The Zhou Gnomon Try squares in a ring in The Zhou Gnomon Making circles and squares in The Zhou Gnomon Try square and compasses on a stone carving in the Wu family shrines Schemes of the Han Bright Halls TLV mirror unearthed at Yinwan, Jiangsu Liubo game set unearthed from Tomb 3 at Mawangdui, Hunan Immortals playing the liubo game on a mirror from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Immortals playing the liubo game on a sarcophagus unearthed at Jianyang, Sichuan TLV mirror unearthed in Luoyang TLV mirror in the Shanghai Museum Wang Shiren s reconstruction of the Bright Hall in Chang an Yang Hongxun s reconstruction of the Bright Hall in Chang an Wu Hung s reconstruction of the Bright Hall in Chang an Yang Hongxun s reconstruction of the Bright Hall in Luoyang Floor plan and cross-section of the tomb of King Cuo Design of the royal necropolis on a bronze plaque from the tomb of King Cuo in Pingshan, Hebei Reconstruction of the mortuary hall for King Cuo Reconstruction of the Xianyang Palace of the Qin Yang Hongxun s reconstruction of the main building in the Bright Hall complex in Chang an Wang Shiren s reconstruction of the main building in the Bright Hall complex in Chang an 78

3 xiii 1.40 Monthly observances in the Bright Hall Integration of yin-yang, the four seasons, and the Five Phases Integration of the four seasons, the Five Phases, and the Five Thearchs 82 Chapter 2 Engraving Auspicious Omens 2.1 Qiang pan Structure of the Han government Hymn of the Western Passage Five omens at the Western Passage Cliff carvings in honor of Li Xi at the Western Passage Omens in the Wu Liang shrine Bi disc of colored glass in the Wu Liang shrine Chart of clouds for divination from Tomb 3 at Mawangdui, Hunan Omens in a Wu family shrine Layout of Tomb 1 at Wangdu, Hebei Murals in Tomb 1 at Wangdu, Hebei Floor plan and cross-sections of the Miu Yu tomb Stone carving in the Miu Yu tomb Yellow dragon on the cliff of the Western Passage Five omens at the Western Passage published by Hong Gua Five omens at the Western Passage published by Otto Fischer White deer on the cliff of the Western Passage Qusou offering furs in the Wu Liang shrine Interconnecting trees on the cliff of the Western Passage Interconnecting trees on a stone carving unearthed from Liangchengzhen, Shandong Interconnecting trees on a stone carving discovered in Suining, Jiangsu Auspicious grain on the cliff of the Western Passage Sweet dew on the cliff of the Western Passage Hymn of the Fu Passage Transportation between the Han capitals and the Hanzhong Basin Opening the Bao-Xie Route Reconstruction of plank footways along the Bao-Xie Route View of the Western Passage Inscription on the stele erected by the First Emperor in Langye, Shandong Eulogy of the Stone Gate Marker Record for Yang Huai and Yang Bi Record for Li Yu s Building Plank Footways Inscription in memory of Geng Xun at the Western Passage Inscription on Mr. Jing s memorial stele 146

4 xiv Chapter 3 Imagining Celestial Journeys 3.1 Mirror unearthed in Guangzhou, Guangdong TLV mirror in the collection of Moriya Kōzō in the Kyoto National Museum TLV mirror recorded in Jin shi suo Inscribed brick unearthed from Yibin, Sichuan Architectural remains of the Ganquan Palace Roofing tiles for the Tower of Longevity in the Ganquan Palace Views of Mounds 1 and 2 at the site of the Ganquan Palace Beacon terrace 17 in Dunhuang, Gansu Watchtower in the painted tomb at Anping, Hebei Multi-story building on decorated brick unearthed in Chengdu, Sichuan Model architecture showing multi-story buildings from Jiaozuo, Henan Model architecture showing the jinggan structure from Shizhaishan, Yunnan Jinggan structure depicted on a bronze drum unearthed from Shizhaishan, Yunnan Reconstruction of the Yongning Pagoda Cross-section of Tomb 1 at Mawangdui, Hunan Cross-section of the wooden structure of Tomb 1 at Mawangdui View of the painted banner atop the innermost coffin in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Painted banner in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Name banner unearthed from Mozuizi, Gansu Final departure on the painted banner in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Seals unearthed from Tomb 2 at Mawangdui Inscribed objects in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Location of Tombs 1, 2, and 3 at Mawangdui Wooden board from Tomb 3 at Mawangdui Painted banner in Tomb 3 at Mawangdui Final departure on the painted banner in Tomb 3 at Mawangdui Cross-section and floor plan of the tomb at Zidanku, Hunan Painted banner in the tomb at Zidanku, Hunan Silk painting in the tomb at Chenjiadashan, Hunan Celestial field on the painted banner in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Yong bell in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng in Suixian, Hubei Striking bells on a lacquer container in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng Bi disc atop the innermost coffin in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Bi disc in the tomb at Zidanku, Hunan View of three decorated coffins in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Two dragons coming through a bi disc on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui 190

5 xv 3.37 Two deer climbing a mountain on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Animals and a figure on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Figure on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Dragon and tiger on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Cloud pattern on painted Coffin 2 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui View of Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Owl and tiger on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Animal with four tails on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Chasing a hare on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Shooting on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Combat on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Devouring a snake on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Taming a leopard on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Dancers and musicians on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Immortal in contemplation on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Immortal riding on a deer on painted Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Coffin 1 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Decoration on Coffin 1 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Floral canopy and cardinal emblems on a Han brick Bronze plaque discovered in Wushan, Sichuan North panel of Coffin 3 in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Funeral service on the painted banner in Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Structure of Tomb 61 in Luoyang Painted gable in Tomb 61 in Luoyang Painted ceiling in Tomb 61 in Luoyang Gate of Heaven on a decorated brick discovered in Xinzheng, Henan Gate of Heaven on a decorated brick unearthed in Xihua, Henan Gate of Heaven on a sarcophagus unearthed at Jianyang, Sichuan Gate-pillars with a phoenix on a decorated brick discovered in Dayi, Sichuan Gate of Heaven on a bronze plaque discovered at Wushan, Sichuan Money tree discovered at Maowen, Sichuan Gate of Heaven and the Mother Queen of the West on a bronze plaque discovered at Wushan, Sichuan Mother Queen of the West on a decorated brick unearthed at Fanji, Henan Mother Queen of the West in the painted tomb of Bu Qianqiu in Luoyang Sheng headgear on a stone carving in the Wu Liang shrine Mother Queen of the West decorated on a pottery house unearthed at Fanji, Henan Mother Queen of the West on a painted plate unearthed in Lolang, North Korea 219

6 xvi 3.74 Mother Queen of the West on a money tree unearthed in Xichang, Sichuan Bronze pillar decorated on a mirror discovered in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Carvings on a sarcophagus unearthed in Nanxi, Sichuan Carvings on a sarcophagus unearthed in Xingjing, Sichuan Gate-pillars with bi discs on a sarcophagus unearthed in Yibin, Sichuan Stone carvings on the façade of a tomb in Suide, Shaanxi Bronze knocker unearthed at the site of the Weiyang Palace Mother Queen of the West on a stone carving discovered in Suide, Shaanxi Gate of Heaven on decorated bricks unearthed from Xihua, Henan Stone carvings on the façade of a tomb at Dangjiagou in Mizhi, Shaanxi Stone carvings on the façade of a tomb in Shenmu, Shaanxi Stone carvings on the façade of a tomb at Guanzhuang in Mizhi, Shaanxi Stone carvings in a tomb at Guanzhuang in Mizhi, Shaanxi 232 Chapter 4 Highlighting Celestial Markers 4.1 Stars around the North Pole Reconstruction of Structure 3 in the Nine Temples Roofing tiles unearthed from Structure 2 in the Nine Temples Lunar lodges in the south Celestial bird in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lunar lodges in the east Celestial dragon in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Celestial dragon on a stone carving unearthed in Chengdu, Sichuan Celestial dragon on a stone carving unearthed in Nanyang, Henan Celestial dragon on a stone carving unearthed in Nanyang, Henan Dragons described in the Book of Changes Graphs of dragons in Shang oracle bone inscriptions Lunar lodges Tuft and Triad Celestial tiger on a stone carving unearthed in Nanyang, Henan Dragon and tiger formed by clamshells unearthed from Puyang, Henan Cardinal emblems on a mirror unearthed from Sanmenxia, Henan Cardinal emblems on a lacquer chest from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng Cardinal emblems on an incense burner from the Dou Wan tomb at Mancheng, Hebei Cardinal emblems in the painted tomb of the king of the Liang Kingdom at Shiyuan, Henan Dark Warrior on a decorated brick unearthed from Xingping, Shaanxi Cardinal emblems on a decorated brick unearthed from Jiayuguan, Gansu Cardinal emblems on a TLV mirror unearthed from Luoyang Cardinal emblems in the Shiqi Yao tomb at Qianyang, Shaanxi Cardinal emblems in a painted tomb in Pinglu, Shanxi 259

7 xvii 4.25 Celestial images in a painted tomb in Pinglu, Shanxi Cardinal emblems on a jade object unearthed from Xingping, Shaanxi Façade of a tomb in Suide, Shaanxi Carvings on the sarcophagus of Wang Hui unearthed in Lushan, Sichuan Milky Way in the painted tomb of Yuan Yi in Luoyang River Lord on a mirror unearthed from Xinye, Henan River Lord on a stone carving unearthed from Xuzhou, Jiangsu Stars along the Milky Way Oxherd and Weaving Maid in a painted tomb in Taesongri, North Korea Celestial images in a carved shrine in Changqing, Shandong Celestial images on a stone carving unearthed from Nanyang, Henan Dragon, an immortal, and a gatekeeper in a carved shrine in Changqing, Shandong Carvings on a sarcophagus unearthed in Pixian, Sichuan Celestial Palace on a sarcophagus unearthed in Pixian, Sichuan World of the immortals on a sarcophagus unearthed in Pixian, Sichuan Sun and moon on the painted banner from Tomb 1 at Mawangdui Sun and moon on a stone carving unearthed from Suide, Shaanxi Sun and moon on a stone carving unearthed from Anqiu, Shandong Solar myth painted on a lacquer chest from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng Solar myth on a sarcophagus unearthed from Xinjin, Sichuan Sunbirds on an ivory carving discovered at Hemudu, Zhejiang Sunbirds on a jade plaque unearthed from Yaoshan, Zhejiang Sunbird on a stone carving unearthed from Yingzhuang, Henan Sun and moon on a sarcophagus unearthed in Jianyang, Sichuan Sun and moon on decorated bricks unearthed from Xinfan, Sichuan Sun and moon on a stone carving unearthed from Nanyang, Henan Sun and moon on stone carvings unearthed from Qilingang, Henan Fu Xi and Nü Wa on a sarcophagus unearthed in Jianyang, Sichuan Sun and moon on stone carvings unearthed from Bixian, Shandong Entertainment on a stone carving unearthed from Bixian, Shandong Celestial images on stone carvings unearthed from Shenmu, Shaanxi Sun and moon on a sarcophagus unearthed in Pixian, Sichuan Fu Xi and Nü Wa on a stone carving in the Wu Liang shrine Sun and moon on a sarcophagus discovered in Jiang an, Sichuan Brick tomb at Xinfan, Sichuan Celestial ascent in the painted tomb of Bu Qianqiu in Luoyang Sun and moon in the painted tomb of Bu Qianqiu in Luoyang Auspicious animals in the painted tomb of Bu Qianqiu in Luoyang Immortal guide in the painted tomb of Bu Qianqiu in Luoyang 297

8 xviii Chapter 5 Mapping Celestial Bodies 5.1 Constellations in Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mysterious Constellations in Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mysterious Constellations in Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mysterious Constellations in Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mysterious Constellations in Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mysterious Twenty-eight lunar lodges Twenty-eight lunar lodges on a lacquer chest in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng in Suixian, Hubei Dipper written on a lacquer chest in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng in Suixian, Hubei Northern Dipper and lunar lodges Yellow chart, or chart of the seven orbits Concept of the Canopy Heaven in the Zhou Gnomon Celestial chart carved in the tomb of the King of the Wuyue Kingdom Celestial chart on a stele in Suzhou, Jiangsu View of the main chamber of the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Restoration of the celestial images in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Twenty-eight lunar lodges in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lodges Triad and Tuft in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lodge Swine in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lodge Tumulus in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Gao Lu s reconstruction of the cardinal emblems Extensions of the four celestial palaces in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lodge Dipper in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Oracle bone inscription showing the graph bi Lodge Net in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Hunting scene on a decorated brick unearthed from Fangcheng, Henan Oracle bone inscription showing the graph ji Lodge Basket in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Harvest scene on a stone carving unearthed from Yinan, Shandong Collecting animal manure on a stone carving unearthed from Guanzhuang, Shaanxi Figurine holding a basket unearthed from Pengshan, Sichuan Dining scene on a painted brick unearthed from Jiayuguan, Gansu Wind Lord on a stone carving unearthed from Anqiu, Shandong Lodge Maid in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Bronze lamp in Dou Wan s tomb at Mancheng, Hebei 331

9 xix 5.35 Lodge Ox in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Lodge Ghost in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Fetching water on a painted brick unearthed from Jiayuguan, Gansu Abandoning the elder father on a sarcophagus discovered in Luoyang Butchering a pig on a painted brick unearthed from Jiayuguan, Gansu Drawing of the celestial images in the painted tomb at Fenghuangshan, Inner Mongolia Drawing of the celestial images in painted Tomb M61 in Luoyang Celestial charts in Essentials of the Method for the New Armillary Sphere and Celestial Globe Chart of comets for divination in Tomb 3 at Mawangdui Celestial chart for divination discovered in Dunhuang Structure of the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Sun and moon in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Cranes in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Toad in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Three-legged crow in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Animals roaming among clouds in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Celestial ascent in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Immortal holding a fungus in the painted tomb at Jiaotong University in Xi an Immortal in the painted tomb at Qianjingtou in Luoyang Immortal in the painted tomb at Technical University in Xi an Deer-drawn cart on a stone carving unearthed from Nanyang, Henan Pure Land painted in Cave 320, Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang 355 Conclusion: Visibility and Visuality C.1 Celestial images from Qilingang in Nanyang, Henan 360 C.2 Inscription on a pottery jar unearthed from Chang an, Shaanxi 361 C.3 Layout of the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 364 C.4 Moon on a stone carving from the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 364 C.5 Sun and the celestial tiger on a stone carving from the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 365 C.6 River Lord on a stone carving from the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 365 C.7 Cardinal emblems on a stone carving from the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 366 C.8 Rainbow on a stone carving from the tomb at Zhenzhichang in Nanyang, Henan 366 C.9 Rainbow on a stone carving in the Wu family shrines 367

Non-Western Art History

Non-Western Art History The Art of China Part 1 1 2 Has changed constantly through history, each era has a distinct style Respect for tradition and morality, valued references to the past (Confucianism)