Research of Local Culture Based on the Design of the Environmental Art Model

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1 Research of Local Culture Based on the Design of the Environmental Art Model Xie Rongdong Guizhou University of Finance and Economics University Guiyang, Guizhou, , China Abstract Under the background of the globalization of cultural diversity, more and more attention has been attached to the research of local culture, which plays a crucial role in preserving the individual identity of local culture. As a cross subject, environmental art design contains natural science, humanities and so on. It is the art discipline combining architecture, design, technology, art and crafts as a whole and inevitably has been strongly influenced by regional culture. Hence, we are able to carry out a comprehensive study of various aspects of local culture by means of the research of environmental art model. Based on the analysis of the regional environmental art model, we can acquaint with the local cultural traditions and unique local cultural character. Practice proves that research on the design of a regional environmental art model is actually an effective way to study the local culture. Keywords - Environmental art; Model design; Local culture I. INTRODUCTION The research of local culture is a comprehensive study in a specific geographical space, concerning the ecological environment, economic way, social structure, cultural tradition, cultural phenomenon and some other aspects [1]. Local cultural research, with its remarkable characteristics, is quite different from the general topical study of culture. It concerns not only the local culture form, but also the local cultural tradition. It attaches great importance to the research of local cultural character and local cultural spirit, and mainly highlights the local cultural personality [2]. Local culture is a cultural form that exists in a specific area. In addition to the macro view of the integrity and history concerns, micro research is also necessarily required to be carried out in the local society [3]. The micro research needs to start from two aspects: first, to fully explore the information contained in the local culture, including the local society, family or piles of documents purposely drafted and maintained by some people, auxiliary physical and text as well as the image data in the social practice of production and living, and some oral and behavioral data of the local social activities. The cultural information detected from the underground archaeological discoveries would help us on the ratification of the local culture and history. Each of these materials has its specific cultural functions and values, which is the foundation of local micro culture research [4]. Secondly, through the special subject arrangement and comprehensive research based on a multitude of documents & archives materials, oral interview materials and archaeological data, we summarize the internal logic of the local cultural origin, the cultural types, the evolutionary stages and the cultural operations, in this way to deepen our understanding of the characteristics of local culture [5]. Local culture has imposed an immense influence on all social phenomena and behaviors in the specific region. Indeed, environmental art design is a both marginal and comprehensive discipline, involving a wide range of knowledge, including the architecture, urban planning, landscape design, human engineering, environmental behavior, environmental psychology, aesthetics, technology and materials science. Meanwhile, this subject is also somewhat affected by the culture studies, sociology, ethnology, history, religion and other aspects of local culture [6]. As a special subject, environmental art design has its own characteristics and rules, like multi-functional synthesis, multi-subjects interaction, multi-factors restrictions and multi-elements composition; besides, it also has the characteristic of broad public engagement [7]. The most basic purpose of environmental art design is to provide an ideal and high-qualified living space for people, meeting their physical and psychological needs. This space should not only conform to the law of natural development, but also conform to the law of the development of human history, that is to respect the tradition, the development and changes of the society and focus on people's ever-increasing spiritual and cultural needs and some other aspects involved in the law of human development [8]. The local culture of a certain region is the intersection of these aspects. Therefore, the environmental art design in local place should accord with the actual needs of local culture, which undoubtedly will reflect the characteristics of local culture [9]. The research of local culture tends to be comprehensive, involving various subjects and diversified methods. The information obtained from different sources should be firstly distinguished and then cooperate with each other in the further study [10]. How to understand the local culture research is a common problem. We need to correctly recognize the value and position of local culture in the whole national culture, and be aware of the role it should play [11]. In some places, people realize the commercial value of the regional culture study in the first place. They develop the relevant industries via the DOI /IJSSST.a.16.3B ISSN: x online, print

2 research of local culture, or apply cultural symbols to the commodity production and urban planning design, all of which generally fall into this category [12]. But more importantly, the local cultural research aims to improve the regional human spirit quality. The ethos of people in different regions is objectively different from each other. The level of spiritual quality is generally influenced by local culture; at the same time, it has a profound impact on the local cultural development in turn [13]. We study the local culture based on various means, such as research the design of a local environmental art model. The main purpose is to fully grasp the connotation and characteristics of local culture, and to find and overcome the deficiencies of the research [14]. According to the local cultural research, we have carried out a comprehensive study of local history and reality in a certain region. We guide, plan and forecast the development path and trend in order to promote the contemporary inheritance and development of local culture, which actually provides help for the development of local material and spiritual civilization [15]. II. STATE OF THE ART From the results of past studies, the research achievement of the whole environment art design turns out to be quite abundant in our country. Any content related to the art of the environment has formed plenty of results; however, practically speaking, the research on the system of environmental art design is relatively weak. The development and change of local culture have constantly influenced the theme and style of the environmental art design. In a period of time, we have not paid attention to the inheritance and preservation of the cultural style; instead, we blindly pursue fashion. Eventually, we lost people's sense of identity as well as the sense of belonging. But now we have begun to notice the importance of historical and cultural heritage, and the characteristics of local culture, with some new development, start to show more and more. III. METHODOLOGY Nature has created human, and human depend on nature. Regardless of our ability to transform the nature, human beings are still constrained by the natural conditions and the environment. The Imperial Palace of Beijing, the temple of Athens, the garden of Suzhou and the Royal Palace in Versailles, from all these architectures we can tell that the characteristics of local culture are deeply embedded in the trace of the transformation of human's living environment since human beings from different places and nations have their own cultural development and accumulation. Culture is the historical connotation of any region or any nation, and it is also the trace and element of the continuation of value. Under a certain time and space conditions, the regional cultural feature utilizes and transforms the nature for the sake of its own survival and development. It is actually a kind of external performance which differs from material and spiritual achievements of other geographical features. Today we are doing the environmental art design that is macroscopic, complete and systematic. From the angle of the subject, as a comprehensive and highly diversified discipline, it includes both natural science and human science, and it should be continuously developing to meet the needs of the society Figure 1. Environment art design under the influence of local culture Environment and human interact with each other. People's perception of the environment can be divided into three stages: perception, cognition and experience. Geographical environmental determinism is the earliest known theory of man-land relationship, which has been widely accepted by Chinese scholars. In spite of the fact that this theory is biased, it shows the importance of the environment to people in some ways. Facts have proved that human is quite capable of adapting to the environment, and they are able to produce regional cultural characteristics which are suitable for the local environment no matter where they actually live in. In the eyes of the Eskimos, the house made of thick ice cubes is nothing different from those city buildings made of steels and concretes, both of which can play a role in keeping out wind and rain. The subtle influence of environment on human being is irresistible and unchangeable, and it is this unpredictable and diverse environment which has bred in different local cultures. Culture, as the sum of human knowledge and behavior, is accompanied by the generation of human beings. Its emergence, to a large extent, has been restricted by the production mode, life style and production items determined by the natural environment and conditions. Precisely because of this, the complex and diverse natural environment and conditions on the earth objectively created the complexity and variety of the early human culture as well as the countless local cultures. DOI /IJSSST.a.16.3B ISSN: x online, print

3 Figure 2. Factors affecting the formation of local culture The local culture is formed in the long-term historical development process, preserving the stable culture in every region and existing in the local humanistic spirit environment. The significance of it has a certain interaction relationship with people's aesthetic, customs, beliefs, habits, economic and political patterns and other factors. Indeed, the scale of human consciousness and acceptance comes from the accumulation of experience. Living in a certain local cultural model for a long time would lead to a certain psychological characteristics and behavior orientation, and that is the so-called tendency of traditional consciousness in the blood vessels. The design of traditional culture mark can easily inspire people's living experience and resonates with their thoughts and emotions Local cult Figure 3. The comparison of the price of the local culture residence and ordinary residence Local cultural studies are concerned about the local culture, but we are concerned about the local culture, we need to necessarily maintain the high level of theory and jump out of the limits of the regional culture. First is to look at the local culture from the whole cultural perspective. We must regard the local culture as a part of human culture and detect its position and value from the perspective of regional, national and even world culture. Especially in the era of globalization, the relationship between local culture and the whole culture is definitely inseparable. Second is to look at the local culture from the perspective of cultural links. Local culture is not an isolated existence; moreover, it is an integral part of the cultural system. It supports the whole culture as a basic point. Third is to look at the local culture from the process of macro history. The place where we study has experienced a series of historical changes, and it is highly likely for us to more clearly understand the local cultural context under the macro historical perspective. Local culture is a cultural form which exists in a specific area. In addition to the macro view of the integrity and history concerns, micro research is also necessarily required to be carried out in the local society. The micro research needs to start from two aspects: firstly, to fully exploit the information of local culture and make it data-based and systematic, which lay the solid foundation for further research. Secondly, to summarize the internal logic of local cultural sources, types, evolution and operation through a vast number of arrangements and comprehensive researches in order to deepen our understanding of local cultural characteristics. The internal elements of the local culture need to be studied in a micro way. The micro research is the foundation and main research method of the establishment of region studies. It is also an important way to acquire local knowledge and historical power. Literature data Real objects and images Legend and behavior archaeological discovery Figure 4. Information composition of local culture Another paramount study point of local culture research is the parallel comparison study between local places. There are two ways for the parallel study of local culture: one is the comparative research on the local culture of the same type or different type, which aims to enhance our understanding of the interaction between local culture and local nature. To a certain extent, we can say that it is the natural characteristics that determine the cultural character of a particular place. The other one is the parallel study of the interaction between local places. As a specific space, it is a part of a country or an area. There might be strong or weak, bright or dark economic and social cultural links between different places. Because of that, we can not only improve our understanding of the formation process of local culture, but also promote our understanding of the dependence relationship and mutual effect between different regional cultures. DOI /IJSSST.a.16.3B ISSN: x online, print

4 Figure 5. China Provincial Cultural Industry Development Index score and ranking Based on the study of the local culture, we have adopted the following methods: first is to collect the information, including the images and words. Then we try hard to analyze the local characteristic by means of careful analysis research. Second is to sum up. Some regular understanding can be found according to the reference of the environmental art design. Through an example and analysis, we analyze the natural and social attributes of local culture. IV. RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION As an objective carrier of the local culture, landscape art model offers people the sensory frame to identify their own social attributes. We should respect the local history of folk culture, and it is also a sort of re-affirmation of forms with the significance of certain collective spirit. In different environmental art designs, the respect of the local history of folk culture can be generally expressed in three ways: the activation of regional traditional culture; the reference of regional traditional form; regeneration of the traditional way of life and social relations. In the environmental art design, its own regional culture needs to be continued and developed. It is an important aspect of the design work to grasp, absorb and discard the traditional culture of the various regions. In the process of development, the local culture will assimilate the diverse foreign cultures, which is the driving force of cultural progress. Therefore, the inheritance and openness of the local culture in the environmental design art co-exist at the same time. Thus, it can be concluded that the environmental art design which receives the regional culture is actually creating a system that is both local and open. This system cannot blindly chase the foreign trendy; furthermore, it needs to avoid the simple recovery of the local style which has disappeared in the past. Contemporary environmental art design should excavate the connotation of local culture, absorb the essence, and give full play to the positive role of local culture. Meanwhile, if we combine the new design concept with the new science and technology, the design can be finally based on the local culture with local cultural features and distinctive flavor of the times. Japan is one of the best countries for the heritage and development of traditional culture. Several famous Japanese architects have made a thorough and careful study on the traditional architecture, and coincidentally they concentrated their efforts on the combination of Japan s traditional culture and modernization, forming a clear and fresh modern Japanese architecture style which is reputable around the world. There have been such a group of designers in China as well. In order to combine the Chinese nationality and the contemporary scientific nature and use it in creation, they are constantly trying in this field. Through the environmental art design works of the rich local cultural characteristics, we can extract the characteristics of local culture, history and trend of development. For example, the practice of renovation of Beijing Ju'er Hutong is very suitable for the transformation of the old city of Beijing. The re-construction of Hu Tongxin courtyard houses are designed according to the "similar courtyard" mode, maintaining the original system of the Hutong and courtyard as well as having the advantages of unit building and courtyard at the same time. As to the form of construction, architects use clear cordial tone of the south buildings for reference. They bring the beautiful freshness from the water town to the northland and they preserve the solemnity of the imperial city, which keeps in line with the organizations and structures in Beijing s old city and maintains the continuity of city culture TABLE I BEIJING AS THE CAPITAL OF THE MAIN DYNASTIES Dynasty Yan Jin Yuan Ming Qing Time length More than Figure 6. Beijing courtyard retained status Shanxi Museum of History is a high-profile Tang Dynasty palace. The design complies with the rules of the axis of symmetry, hierarchical order, the central hall and four-corner high buildings, which summarizes the spatial layout and other characteristics of the ancient palace of China. It is a palace symbolizing the history and culture. Based on the combination of traditional layout and modern functions, traditional modeling rules and modern architectural technology, as well as the traditional aesthetic consciousness and modern aesthetic ideas, we creates a group of concise and lively Tang Dynasty style city DOI /IJSSST.a.16.3B ISSN: x online, print

5 landmarks which are quite up-to-date. Those landmarks have become the symbol of the long history and splendid culture of Shanxi Province. TABLE II XI'AN AS THE CAPITAL OF THE MAIN DYNASTIES Dynasty Zhou Qin Han Sui Tang Time length The field of modern environmental art design has become increasingly extensive, and its scope of work even distributes all over the earth. The environmental art design based on regional culture is not a kind of metaphysics space concept which is difficult to compare with the most realistic designs. In actuality, it is a public design law of universal significance in the first place. Because the design project is always concrete, with special conditions. Whether in Beijing or in Fuzhou, or in China in America, the focus of design is to analyze under the specific conditions of local culture. Secondly, we must connect it with the overall style of the location, because a city or a region would be regarded as a resource and cultural value conditions if it is based on the existence of local culture personalities. V. CONCLUSIONS We study the local culture mainly in order to understand and explore the development path of the local culture; moreover, we aim to guide, plan and forecast the trend of development. In this way, we can not only promote the inheritance and growth of local culture, but also provide help for the development of local material and spiritual civilization. We use the design of local environmental art model as the analysis object and then we macroscopically observe from the angle of entirety and history. We deeply dig microscopic clues and compare with the other regional cultures of the same type or different types based on threedimensional research. The fact proves that the local culture characteristics are deeply embedded in the transformation traces of human living environment. Through those environmental art design works of the rich local cultural characteristics, we can extract the features of local culture as well as the history and trend of development. According to the exploration and researches of local culture, we provide basis and direction to boost the regional development and enhance people's spiritual quality. The source of environmental art design inspiration turns out to be quite extensive, and local culture is just one of them. The cultural characteristics embodied in the design of environmental art model are only a part of the local culture. Hence, more information and clues are needed in the further deep research on the local culture. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by general education scientific planning project in guizhou province in 2015 the province minority decoration symbols and the study of interior design localization; Item number: 2015 b186. REFERENCE: [1] Liu X J. Environment Design of Sustainable Development. Advanced Materials Research, [2] Xiao-bo Y. Discussion on Human Residential Environment Art Design. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, vol.6, pp.081, [3] Giampiccoli A, Kalis J H. Community-based tourism and local culture: the case of the amampondo. Pasos: Revista de turismo y patrimonio cultural, vol. 10, No.1, pp , [4] Hsu C H, Chang S H, Lin R. A design strategy for turning local culture into global market products. International Journal of Affective Engineering, vol.12, No.2, pp , [5] Sawa T. The preservation and creation of a regional culture for glocal sustainability. Designing our Future, pp , [6] Vandello J A, Hettinger V E, Michniewicz K. Regional culture [7] Xu H, Jiangping W. Discussion on Application of regional element in landscape Architect. Architecture & Culture, vol.3, pp. 029, [8] ZENG L, LI X, ZHOU M, et al. The fusion of regional culture and natural Design of the Gao Yan Po mountain park in Pingba County of Guizhou Province. Journal of Guiyang University (Natural Sciences), vol. 4, pp. 012, [9] Xinxian Z. On Local Culture and Cultural Region: the Scientific Value-Oriented Issues Concerning Qianzhong Cultural Research. Journal of Chongqing Normal University Edition of Social Sciences, vol. 6, pp. 010, [10] Morgan R K. Environmental impact assessment: the state of the art. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol.30, no.1, pp.5-14, [11] Wei W, Shuhong Z. Reverse Thinking Methods in Environmental Art Design. Furniture & Interior Design, vol.2, pp.034, [12] Ohe Y, Ciani A. Evaluation of agritourism activity in Italy: facility based or local culture based?. Tourism Economics, vol.7, No.3, pp , [13] YAN H X, LIU Z J. The Design and Development of Tourist Souvenir of Hanzhong Regional Culture Characteristics. Development & Innovation of Machinery & Electrical Products, vol. 2, pp. 057, [14] Han Y, Wang Q. Inheritance and creation of regional architecture features in urbanization process. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning III, pp. 213, [15] Xufang L. Regional Culture Expressed in Modern Architecture Design. Cross-Cultural Communication,vol. 10, No.6, pp. 148, DOI /IJSSST.a.16.3B ISSN: x online, print