MIDTERM~STUDY GUIDE. A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period.

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1 MIDTERM~STUDY GUIDE GRAMMAR Types of sentences- A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period. Ex. Last summer I went on a long vacation. An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark. Ex. Where did you go on your vacation? An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point. Ex. I never saw so much traffic! An imperative sentence commands someone to do something. It can either end with a period or an exclamation point. Ex. Look both ways before crossing the street. Ex. Look out! Subject- Part of the sentence that names whom or what the sentence is about Example: The dogs ran passed the tree. Predicate- Part of the sentence that tells what the subject has or does. Example: The dogs ran passed the tree. Nouns- A person, place, thing, or idea Example: boy, book, home, imagination Proper noun- Names a specific person, place, thing, or idea. Example: Ronald McDonald, Washington, The White House, Romeo and Juliet ALL PROPER NOUNS BEGIN WITH A CAPITAL LETTER!! Pronoun- Words that take the place of nouns. Examples: His, her, he, she, it, we, they, them, us, I

2 Verb- Words that show action or a state of being. Example: run, jump, twist Adjective- Words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. Example: beautiful, pretty, ugly, one, two, three, black, pink Adverb- Words that describe or modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They tell us when, where and how. Examples: quickly, slowly, often Preposition- Words that show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other word in the rest of the sentence. Examples: aboard, about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, at, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, between, beyond, by, despite, down, during, except, except for for, from, in front of, instead of, inside, into like, near, next to, of, off, on, on top of, onto, out, out of, outside, over past, since, through, to, toward, under, underneath, until, up, upon with, within, without Conjunction- Conjunctions are words that join two or more words, phrases, or clauses. Examples: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Interjection- Words that show excitement or emotion. They are not grammatically related to the rest of the sentence. Example: whoa, whoops, wow, bravo Dialogue Dialogue is another word for conversation. Quotation marks come in pairs. Use them at the beginning and end of: a title dialogue a quote Commas and periods and all other punctuation go inside the quotation marks IF THEY ARE PART OF THE QUOTE, if not, they go outside the quotation marks.

3 Examples I had a fantastic time at the zoo. Jill said. Joe said, I got an A on my math test! Can you come here? he asked, I want to ask you a question. One of my favorite movies is The Aunt Bully. Elements of a Story Label the diagram with the following words (5 points): (1) resolution/conclusion, (2) exposition/rising action, (3) introduction/characterization, (4)denouement/falling action, (5) climax/turning point **What is the importance of using all of the elements of a story. Explain why a story would be incomplete if even one of the elements were missing. SPELLING 1. recommend 2. definitely 3. separate 4. apologize 5. tomorrow 6. calendar 7. beautiful 8. through Did you come through the tunnel? 9. whose Whose car is that? 10. their What time was their appointment?

4 Touching Spirit Bear 1. Cole is in trouble because he. 2. Edwin tells Cole will infect his hands if he touches it. 3. An at.oow is an. 4. Cole his shelter and supplies when he s left alone on the island. 5. In order to finance Cole's second chance on the island,. 6. The Spirit Bear attacked Cole because he. 7. Cole gave Peter before they carved the blank space on the totem pole. 8. Garvey was Cole's. 9. Cole chose the Circle of Justice because it would reduce the jail sentence. 10. Edwin and Garvey helped Cole so they could heal. 11. A rock represented Cole s ancestors. 12. Cole discovered that he had to clear his mind to become invisible. 13. Cole forgave his father during his anger dance. 14. A knife could help Cole heal if he used it to carve. 15. Cole tossed the Spirit Bear s hair into the water because he didn t want to have to prove he wasn t a liar anymore. SHORT ANSWERS 16. Describe the change in Cole between the time he first saw the sparrows and after the storm.

5 17. In what ways is symbolism important in the story? What symbol do Cole and Peter carve into the bottom of the totem pole? What do you think it represents? TSB Vocabulary 1. ricochet- spring away from an object 2. solitary- separated from or unfrequented by others 3. composure- calm state of mind 4. gluttonous- eating or drinking way too much 5. skiff- a small, light sailboat or rowboat 6. defy- challenge 7. shrouded- covered or hid from sight 8. sullenly- in a gloomy, silent, surly way 9. banishment- to force a person to leave his country or society as punishment 10. brandish- exhibit aggressively