6. Denouement- A French word which means the unknotting; this is another term for the resolution of a story

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1 LITERARY TERMS QUIZ Directions: Please identify numbers 1-5 on the plot graph and write the definitions for all of the following terms. PLOT- The action or series of events that make up a story 1. Exposition- The beginning of a story where the reader finds out about the characters, setting, and the conflict 2. Rising Action- The events which create COMPLICATIONS and suspense for the characters leading to the climax (turning point) of the story 3. Climax- The turning point of the story; the main character usually makes a major decision which changes the course of the story 4. Falling Action- The events which occur after the climax of a story leading to the resolution 5. Resolution- The ending of the story where the main conflict is solved although questions may still remain

2 6. Denouement- A French word which means the unknotting; this is another term for the resolution of a story ADDITIONAL TERMS 7. Genre- A French word that means type or form of literature 8. Theme- the moral or message that the author wants you to take away from the book and apply to your life 9. Characterization- The author creates an imaginary person so that they seem real to the reader; this is accomplished through: what the author tells us what the character says and does what other characters say or do with the character 10. Protagonist- The main character in a story 11. Antagonist- The person or force which is against the protagonist (main character) Dynamic Character - a character which changes during the course of a story or novel. The change in outlook or character is permanent. Sometimes a dynamic character is called a developing character. Flat Character - a character who reveals only one, maybe two, personality traits in a story or novel, and the trait(s) do not change. Round Character - a well-developed character who demonstrates varied and sometimes contradictory traits. Round characters are usually dynamic (change in some way over the course of a story). Static Character a character that remains primarily the same throughout a story or novel. Events in the story do not alter a static character s outlook, personality, motivation, perception, habits, etc. Foil - a character that is used to enhance another character through contrast. Cinderella s grace and beauty as opposed to her nasty, self-centered stepsisters is one clear illustration of a foil. 12. Dialogue- The talking (conversations) that characters have in a story; the character s exact words have quotation marks around them and a dialogue tag tells you who is speaking and how they are saying the dialogue EXAMPLE: Tom yelled, Watch out for that car! I see it, Steven replied calmly.

3 13. Setting- The time and place of a story which may play an important role in the events which occur 14. Conflict- The major problem in the story that the protagonist faces; the main types of conflict are: Internal: person/character/man vs. self External: person vs. person, person vs. society, person vs. nature, person vs. supernatural 15. Complication- any obstacle in the rising action of the story that makes the conflict (problem) worse 16. Point of View- Who is telling the story; the person s thinking influences how the story is told Subjective- (1 st Person) We are seeing the action through one person s eyes and their opinions Objective- (3 rd Person) Narrators act as observers instead of opinionated participants st Person Point of View-The narrator is a character in the story; Pronouns such as I, Me, and We are used YOUR EXAMPLE: nd Person Point of View- Used by the author to hook a reader into a story as if they are speaking directly to us; also commonly used in nonfiction where instructions are being given; the pronoun you is used rd Person Point of View- The narrator is unseen and not in the story at all; uses pronouns such as she, he, him, her, and they Limited- when the narrator can see into the heart and mind of only one character Omniscient (all knowing)- when the narrator can see into the hearts and minds of more than one character YOUR EXAMPLE:

4 LITERARY TECHNIQUES/DEVICES- Used in literature to produce a certain effect on the reader 20. Flashback- An author includes a specific event or scene from the past in a specific place in the story to help make something in the present clearer to the reader 21. Foreshadowing- A suggestion or hint of events to come later in the story (future), in movies music and sound effects are used 22. Irony- A situation or event which is the opposite of what is or might be expected EXAMPLE: It was ironic that a man on a motorcycle died at the protest against wearing helmets. 23. Tone- The attitude of the author toward his/her subject such as hopeful, humorous, confident, outraged and sarcastic 24. Mood- The feeling that the author wants the reader to get from the story such as amused, determined, suspenseful, optimistic and pessimistic 25. Symbol- Something tangible (you can observe it with your senses) that stands for a bigger idea that is intangible EXAMPLES: a flag represents freedom; a rose represents love 26. Allusion- a reference in one piece of literature to something else that is well known (It may be part of another piece of literature, an object, a person, or an event.) EXAMPLES: Refer to your Reading folder

5 27. Allegory-characters or events in a story, poem, or picture represent or symbolize ideas and concepts (extended metaphor) EXAMPLE: Katniss Everdeen is called the Mockingjay in the Hunger Games trilogy. She is a symbol of rebellion throughout the series. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE- Expressive language that is used to make writing more interesting, make a point, and paint a picture in your mind 28. Simile- A comparison of two things using the words like or as and sometimes than EXAMPLE: Her eyes sparkled like diamonds. 29. Metaphor- A comparison of two things without using the words like or as EXAMPLE: He is such a teddy bear. 30. Personification- Giving person-like characteristics to nonhuman things EXAMPLE: The leaves danced in the wind. 31. Hyperbole- an exaggerated comparison EXAMPLE: I have told you a million times to clean your room! 32. Idiom- sayings that are particular to a certain group that mean something different from the words themselves EXAMPLE: raining cats and dogs, don t throw in the towel

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