lssues Taboos and r- l-r' ter* f- Fr l= l- =+--.- Richard MacAndrew Ron Martinez l-. l-. l-r = - - l- THOIVTSON HEINLE

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3 T E E h ts = fl = f5 f l l l. r= lr l l l= l lq t L r b. f r = r lr' ter* ll 1 l l l. rlrl! 1 1 tel E t E E l l 1 Tboos nd lssues Richrd McAndrew Ron Mrtinez THOVTSON =+. HENLE Austrli Cnd Mexico Singpore Spin United Kingdom United Sttes

4 ntroduction Techers often complin tht teching mterils re blnd nd devoid of the very topics we discuss in our dily lives. The title of this book suggests tht the mteril covers controversil nd difficult issues which students my be reluctnt to discuss. Mny of the issues re indeed controversil but the mteril is in no wy intended to shock. n fct, the contents closely resemble those we find in our newsppers every dy. There re good resons why generl clssroom mterils void topics which my led to embrrssment or friction in the clssroom. Mny techers my be hesitnt to use such mterils. However, mny more experienced techers recognise the motivtionl vlue of mterils which more closely reflect the rel world. This book presents just such stimulting nd relevnt topics. Three brod ctegories re covered: 1. terboos such s swering, tlking bout deth nd prostitution 2. serious issues such s rcism nd genetic engineering 3. personl mtters such s ppernce, hygiene nd nudity. The mteriirl is not intended to form the bsis of course but resource from which techers cn, with their students, select topics which interest them. The mteril should only be used with clsses you know well nd where the students re sensitive enough to respect nd trust both you nd their fellow students. Even then, you must use the mteril sensitively. ndividul students or members of their fmily or close friends my hve immedite, personl, even pinful, experience of mny of the topics. n some cses, you my wnt to check with n individul student before using prticulr topic in clss. t is essentil tht techers remin lert for difficulties. f prticulr issue becomes too sensitive, the techer must be willing to bndon the topic nd be prepred to move on to something completely different. How unit is orgnised Most units iollow this ptrcrn: left hnd pge: introductory discussion nd one or more short texts right hnd pge: lnguge work nd further discussion. The lcft hernd pge usully provides the bsic mteril for lesson, while the right hnd pge provides extension or followup work. lntroduction Methodology t is expected tht this mteril will be used by experienced techers. The techers' notes, therefore, hve been kept to minimum nd comprise only short notes, the nswers, nd occsionl extr ides. Bering in mind the sensitive nture of mny of the topics, we suggest it will usully be best to strt by sking students to think silently bout some of the questions before they re sked to sy nything t ll. They then work in pirs nd smll groups before the topic is opened up to the whole clss. n similr wy, with the reding texts, students often work in pirs, with ech reding different short text, which they then report to their prtner, before the mteril is delt with in the whole clss. During individul or pir work, monitor wht is hppening. You my wish to help out with lnguge where necessry, but you cn lso judge whether nd how the topic(s) cn be opened out to wider clss discussion. t goes without sying tht, s the techer, you should remin neutrl throughout ny discussions, seeking only to encourge students to express their views. Students will often hve stronglyheld views nd possibly profound personl experiences which they re willing to shre with the clss. ndeed, trying to engge students in this wy is perhps the prime purpose of the mterils. While encourging nd helping them to express their views nd experiences, you must, however, never lose sight of the fct tht it is lnguge lesson nd they must be in no wy pressurised into discussing or reveling things bout themselves with which they re in ny wy unhppy. A student who wishes to remin silent must hve their right to do so respected. Using the internet Becuse the topics re controversil nd regulrly in the news, it will lmost lwys be esy to find relted mteril by quick serch of the internet. Usully typing two or three key words into serch engine will be sufficient to give you contemporry exmples relevnt to the topic. Richrd McAndrew Ron Mrtinez

5 Contents 1. Deth Tlking dhout detb, funerls, home burils 2. Nudity 'V/ering no clothes is nturl..wby do people get so upset bout this? 3. Politiclly incorrect jokes s it OK to joke bout disbled people, religion, detb? 4. Tboo converstion topics Questions you cdn't sk. or exmple: How much do you weigh /ern? 5. lt should be bnned! Bullfighting, humn cloning, boxing, the Ku Klux Kln bn them ll! 6. Not my type Bdd breth, bites his nils, thin legs wht do you uoid in pdrtner? 7. Sex for sle Prostitution cdn we stod it? Should we stctd it? 8. Swering s it OK to swer? Wht swetr words do/could you use? 9. Torture Does torture hppen in your country? s torture lwys wrong? 10. Sexul hrssment ryht's wrong with telling collegue she hs nice legs? 11. Bribery nd corruption Rewrds, gifts, bribes, perks is there ny difference? 12. Designer bbies Blonde hir, blue eyes would yow like to design your children? 13. Children who kill.when child kills someone, who is responsible the child, the prents, society? 14. Gys nd jobs Does it mtter tht d doctor, techer, or tbe Prime Minister is gy? 15. Animl rights We et them, we do experiments on them, we keep them s pets. Do you object? 16. Mrrige for better or for worse Wht's the point of mrrige these dys?.wbt's wrong with diuorce? 17. Nobody needs gun Gun msscres in schools..why do people crry guns? 'Would you euer use gun? 18. The sle of humn orgns.would you let doctors remoue your orgdns?.wbt bout people who sell their orgns? 19. ADS Wht do you know bout ADSi.Would yow tret friend differently (s)he hd HV? 20. Telling lies How honest dre you?

6 rt!t + + t J t t!l h! b = h l = L = = L L x t 21. Abortion Are you Prolife or Prochoice? 22. Ntionl stereotypes "They're lzy nd'rlirhonrrt." Blind preiwdice, or is tbere some truth in stereotypes? Cheting on Your Prtner tflht is cbeting? Just looking dt someone else, fntsising' dn emdil reltionsbip! Are you hppy with Your body? Cosmetic surgery i,,o ionger iust/or the rich nd fmous' Hue you thought bout it? lmmigrtion nd rcism Ho* io you feel bout people from other countries coming to liue in yours? Ghnging sex Trnssexuls would you feel uncomfortble if you st next to d trdnssexul? ls this news? rwbt is the news for to prouide fcts or to sbock nd entertin? The right to die Euthnsid who hs the right to choose? Old enough to be her grndfther!.v/hy A 7Tyerild *on with 25yerold womn? not? Big Brother is wtching! Are we losing our priucy? Hue you got nything trt be woftied bout? Anxiety nd depression 'Wht Do you get depressed? c(tn you do bout it? Gy fmilies f*l,lcl, nd no mum. rybt is norml fmily these dys? Begging Should we giue beggrs money or lock them up? Compenstion culture More pectple re swing thn euer before. s it right or is it iust esy money? Sport nd money Are tolt sports professionls ouerpid? Vnity Are men uiner thn women? Leglising drugs s it time to cbnge the lws on soft drugs? Turning the other cheek Do youfind it esy to forgiue people or do you hold grudges? The deth PenltY Are you in fuour of it? Addictions Alcohol, nicotine, drugs, chocglte, shctpping, footbll.'wht dre you hooked on?

7 ntroduction Do you find this converstion offensive? hven't seen Hrry for months. How is he? > Ded! He died just before Christms. Which would you prefer to sy? or He pssed wy just before Christms. We lost him just before Christms. Deth Do you use similr expressions in your lnguge to void the words ded or died? lf so, wht re they? ln your country: 1. When someone dies, wht hppens to their body?. t is buried. b.t is cremted. c. Something else 2. \7here do funerl ceremonies tke plce?. n church b. At d sbrine c. Sometuhere else 3. Who usully ttends funerls? d. Only men b. Men nd women c. Anyone 4. Wht colour do people wer ro signify deth?. Blck b.white c. A different colowr.5. Wht do people usully do t funerls?. Cry openly nd express strong emotions. b. Keep their emotions under control. c. Try not to cry, but cry quietly if they cdnnot help it. When you die, would you prefer to be buried or cremted? Reding Red the two rticles opposite. Then choose the best nswers to these two questions: 1.Why do you think nobody sng the finl song t the furrerl <tf George Rmsbottom?. Becuse they didn't gree with George's brotber. b. Becduse they were shocked hy wht hd hppened. 2. Wht is Mplethorpe council going to do?. Order the body to be reburied in cemetery. b. l"lothing. Discuss the questions below in pirs: 1. Ws rnk Rmsbottom right ro mke the speech? 2. "You should never spek ill of the ded." Do you gree? 3. Cn you bury someone in their grden in your country? 4. Cn you sctter their shes wherever you like? 5. How would you feel if your nexrdoor neighbours buried their grndmorher in their bck grden? Deth "Die, my der doctor? Tht's the lst thing shll do!" Lord PctLmerstot't SURPRSNG HONESTY AT UNERAL mily nd friends t the funerl of George Rmsbottom in Honley, West Yorkshire, were stunned when his brother, rnk, stood up in the church nd told everyone tht his brother would not be missed. Describing his brother s the menest mn he hd ever met, he went on to list ll the people who would be gld to know tht George hd died, nd gve the resons why. He climed tht George ws lir, chet, womniser nd drunk. "He owed money to hlf the people in the villge; he hd ruined number of mrriges; nd he ws often incredibly rude for no good reson. No one will be sd tht he hs sone." sid rnk Rmsbottom. Mr Rmsbottom's unexpected speech ws followed by complete silence. Eventully Mrgret Dudley, the minister in chrge of the service, stood to sy, "Let us give thnks for George's life with our finl song." She then sng on her own while everyone else stood in silence. The service ended shortlv fterwrds. HOME BURAL CAUSES ANGER A fmily who buried reltive in their bck grden hve ngered neighbours. Residents of cre home were shocked to see the coffin of Dniel Stevens lowered into grve in Chesterfield Rod, Mplethorpe. Stff t the Admson cre home, which overlooks the grden, wnt the body reburied in cemetery. Gerldine Thomson, the mnger of the home, sid: "Someone sent me letter lst week to sy the funerl would hppen on Thursdy. thought it ws joke. There were bout 200 people in the grden for the service. When clled the police they sid they couldn't do nything to stop it becuse it wsn't illegl." Mplethorpe council sid it ws not ble to prevent buril on privte lnd s long s certin rules were followed. boos nd /ssues rt '1 4 { { { q E q dl ' El !1 '1 1 '1 J"1 q q 1 A

8 Lnguge Use the correct form of these verbs below: die kill murder 1.'m just going outside. 'm cigrette. 2. Do you wnt drink? > Yes, could... cupof te. 3. Wht's your new boyfriend like? 'm...t0meethim....for 4.'ve been out shopping ll dy. My feet re...me! 5. The trin doesn't leve till 4, so we've got nerly n hour to Just keep quiet. 'Whenever you open your mouth,you..... theenglish lnguge! Add the following words to these sentences: deth murder 7. When is it going to stop rining? 'm sick to of this wether! 8. Sorrv 'm so lte. The trffic ws.. 9. You look like.. wrmed up! Are you ill? 10. don't just wnt to sit on the bech ll dy. 'll be bored to... Do you hve similr idioms in your lnguge? Do you know these idiomtic expressions? He's kicked the bucket. He's popped his c/ogs. He's gone to meet his mker. Answer the questions below on your own: 1. How do you feel when the subject of deth comes into the converstion?. [Jncomfortble don't wnt to tlk bowt it. b. lt depends how other people redct. c. ine it's perfectly nturl to tlk bout deth. Or do you hve nother rection? "'Will you plese tke your feet off *y best cbir!" 2. You hve to tell close friend tht mutul friend of yours hs died. You know tht they were very close. How would you strt the converstion?. 'm frid we won't be meeting Mry for lunch on ridy fter ll. b. Hue you herd? Mry's jwst died. c. You'd better sit dotun. 'ue got some bd news bout Mry. She died lst night. C)r would you sy something else? 3. A friend of yours ( rther unrelible one) hs just died, owing you lot of money. After the funerl his sister comes to tlk to you. Do you sy:. ws hoping to meet one of the fmily so cn get my money bck. b. Poor George! He ws such good friend. (nd forget bout the money) c. shll miss George but not s much s the ["1000 he ctwed me! Or would you sy something else? 4. f the only work vilble ws working with ded bodies for exmple s n undertker or pthologist wht would you do?. Tke the job. Somebody bs to do lobs like tht. t's no big del. b. could neuer do iob like tht.'wht would my friends think? 'd rther strue. c. 'd sk for huge slry. t would be OK if ws pid lot. d. Plese stop tll<ing bout it. feel sick. Compre nd discuss your nswers in pirs or smll groups. ls it OK to joke bout deth? boos nd /ssues

9 Nudity Vocbulry Nude / Nked both words men wering no crothes. or exmpre: He wrrs completely nrked. She ws stnding there, in the nude. Nturism is the ctivity of not wering ny clothes becuse you believe it is more nturl or helthy. The peopfe who do this re clled nudists or nturists. How would you rect in the following situtions? would you lugh, be embrrssed, cover your eyes, hve good look, or do something else? l. You re wrching footbll mtch when nrrkecl womn runs onto the pitch nd stops the grrnc. 4. You re r the bech with your fmily. A mn nd womn put their towels ner you, tke off ll their clothes nd lie down to sunbthe. t 2. Some ncw friends of yours hve sun. After clinncr, they suggest you ll relx nd cht in the sirun. When you re getting redy, you cliscover tht you re expected to be nked. 1. Yru rrre shopping in the min street of your town. You notice mn wlking down the street. He is not wering ny clothes, but is crrf ing shopping bg. Reding 5. You re invited to dinner by some people you don't know very well. After dinner, they show you their holidy photogrphs. They hd been to nturist resort in the south of rnce. The pictures leve nothing to the imgintion! 6. Your new boyfriend/girlfriend suggests gorng ro the bech. 'V7hen you get there, it,s nudist bech. J 4 t Answer these questions. Then red the rticle to find out the nswers. l. How mnv nrlrrists do you think there re in Britin?. 5,000 b. 25,000 c. 50,000 2.How mny officil nudist beches do you think there re in Britin?.10 b.50 c D. v..r think it is p.ssible to go on nudist pckge holidy? EVERY BEACH SHOULD BE A NUDST BEACH This sunrmer British nturists re spokesperson fbr BN, the British plnning kr swirn nd bthe nked Nturism mgzine. "we wilr on public beches throughout the def'end our members in court... s collntry to drw.ttention to public long s we re stisfiecl tht they nd officil opp.sition to their hve behved resonbly nd lit'estyle. there's been no indecent British Nturism. the leding UK behviour." orgnistion fbr nturists. is not The Nucle Tolernce Cmpign, only encourging its members to which strted quietty lst bthe nked wherever they wnt, November, is building up s but is lso promising to clef'end summer rrives nd Britin's the''in court if they iire rrestecl by 25,000 nturists rrive t beches the policc. nd clubs ll over the UK. There Englnd to rnce, which British Nturism hopes will increse wreness of topless nd nudist beches in mny prts of the world. Britin lredy hs 70 clubs nd l0 beches where nturism is ofticilly permitted nd, surprisingly, the nturist lifestylc is becoming big business. Members of BN enjoy discounts on ferry servlces. cr rentl nd brekdown insurncc nd cn enjoy f2,000 nudist Cribben "Bsiclly. cruises. Severl lrge tour.ur view is tht every wiil lso be nude crosschnnel opertors, including Virgin. offer bcch is nturists' bech," sicl rely swim fiom the south of ntunst summer pckges. Nudity Tboos nd /ssues

10 Politiclly incorrect jokes Red this joke bout blind person. ls it funny? A blind mn nd his guide dog went into deprtment store to do some Christms shopping. Atl of sudden, the mn picked up his dog by the til nd strted to swing it)round in circle. A sles ssistnt shouted, "sir! Cn hellt yctu?" "No thnks," the blind mn replied, "'m iust looking"' Hve you ever lughed t something tht other people thought ws not funny or told joke which upset people? Describe the sitution. ls it OK to tel jokes bout nything nd everything? Would ny or ll of the following offend you? Why?. ioke bout physiclly disbled person. joke tht mkes fun of women. ioke tht mkes fun of men. loke tht mkes fun of the elderly. ioke tht ridicules prticulr religion. ioke involving prticulr country or ntionlity. loke mking fun of lwyers. ioke tht mkes fun of blondes Do you know ny jokes involving ny of the bove? ls there prticulr group of people in your country who re often the object of jokes? Lnguge Use the correct form of these verbs to complete the jokes below: pltt hue drown cll mke tke 1. How do you... blonde lugh on 6. ridy? > Tell her joke on Mondy Howdoyou...blonde? > Put mirror on the bottom of swimming pool. 3. Wht's the difference between blonde nd computer? > You only hve to... informtion into computer once. 4. Why did the blonde... over the glss wirll? > Tcr see wht ws on the other side. S.Wht do you do if blonde grende t you? > Pull the pin out nd throw it bck. climb retrdtn sy throw \fhy don't blondes get coffee breks? > t tkes too long to them fterwrds. 'V7ht do intelligent blondes nd UOs...incommon? > You often her bout them, but you never see one. 8. How mny blondes does it... to screw in light bulb? > One. She holds the bulb still nd the world revolves round her. 9. X/ht do you... blonde with hlf brin? > Gifted. 10.Wht would blonde '.. if her doctor told her tht she ws pregnnt? > s it mine? Did you find these jokes offensive? Do you know nybody who would? Are they blonde? Thi;k bout joke tht you know nd try to trnslte it into English. Write it down first nd then tell it to clssmte. Pol iticlly i n corre ct iokes Tboos nd /ssues

11 Reding The uthors would like to mke it cler tht none of the following jokes hs been written by them. They re typicl of jokes which exist in books of jokes nd on joke websites. The jokes printed here re mong the lest offensive! As you red the jokes below, rte ech one for its level of humour nd level of offensiveness: HUMOUR A: very funny OENSVENESS A: verv offensive B: bit funny C: not funny B: little offensive C: not offensive t ll loke 1 Q: How cn you tell when lwyer is lying? A: His lips re moving. foke 2 A womn ws pying for some items in supermrket pint of milk, pcket of bcon, smll bg of rice nd few vegetbles. The mn t the checkout sid, "l bet you're single, ren't you?" "Well yes, m," the womn replied. "How did you know?" "Becuse you're relly very ugly," replied the mn. foke 3 HOW TO MPRESS A WOMAN Compliment her, cuddle her, kiss her, cress her, love her, stroke her, comfort her, protect her, hug her, wine nd dine her, buy gifts for her, listen to her, respect her, stnd by her, support her, go to the ends of the erth for her. HOW TO MPRESS A MAN Arrive nked... with beer. foke 4 How do you mke dog drink? Put it in liquidiser. foke 5 Q: How do men sort their lundry? A: 'ilthy'nd'ilthy but still werble.' foke 6 Q: Wht hs four legs nd eight rms? A: A pitbull terrier in children's plyground. loke 7 How do you mke ct go 'woof'?. Sok it in petrol nd throw it on the fire. foke B There ws young mn from Clcutt, Who hd the most terrible stutter, He sid, Pss the hhm, And the 1rffjm, And the bbbbbbbutter. foke 9 A young mn with wild nd multicoloured hirstyle sits next to n old mn on prk bench. The old mn stres t the young mn. "Wht's the mtter, old mn?" sys the young mn. "Never done nything crzy in your life?" The old mn replies: "Yeh. When ws in the Nvy, got relly drunk one night nd hd sex with prrot. thought you might be my son." loke 10 Q: How do you know when you're too ft? A: When you step on the scles nd it sys 'To be continued.' f oke 11 Q: f your wife comes out of the kitchen to ng you, wht hve you done wrong? A: Mde her chin too long. foke 12 Q: Why do ltlin men wer lots of gold chins round their necks? A: So they know when to stop shving. Mtch the following rections to the relevnt jokes bove:. Anybody who thinks setting fire to n niml is funny needs psychitric help. They re sick! b. Tht's in relly bd tste. People who hve speech impedimenr cn'r help it. c. don't think you should joke bout people's ppernce. t's not their fult! d. don't get it. ( don't understnd the johe.) Did you find ny of the jokes offensive or 'sick'? Which, it ny? Who would be offended by the jokes bove? Consider ech one with prtner. Are there ny ctegories of jokes tht you would describe s offensive tht were not included bove? Tboos nd /ssues Pol iti c ly i n correct joke s

12 Tboo converstion topics Work in pirs. Discuss these questions: When you fill in form, re you h"ppy to give this informtion: Yottr ge? Your mdritl sttusl Your income? Are there ny other questions you don't like nswering? Reding Red through the four converstions below. Who re the people nd wht is the sitution? Converstion 1 A: Your blood pressure is bsolutely fine. Hve you been eting normlly? B: Oh yes. The sme s norml. A: And do you tke ny regulr exercise? B: Yes, ply sqush twice week. A: Mm. Tell me, how much do you weigh? B: About 68 kilos. Gonverstion 2 A: Hello, 'm Jen Wlker. 'We've just moved in nert door. B: Pul Burton. Plesed to meet you. Do you work loclly? A: Yes, 'm solicitor with firm on the High Street. B: A solicitor. Tht's good job. How much do you eirrn? Converstion 3 A: Hello. 'rn looking for white tennis shirt. B: OK. Tennis shirts re over here. A: As you cn see, 'll need firly lrge srze. B: Yes, c:rn see tht. How much do you weigh, if you don't mind me sking? Converstion 4 A: Greth, you will be delighted to her tht we worrld like to offer you the job. B: Gret! Thnk you very much. A: \7e need tc'r tlk bit bout slries. B: Right, yes, of course. A: Rernind me, how much do you ern t the moment? B: About {35,000 yer. A: Yes, well, we won't be ble to give you more thn tht initirrlly, but we shorrld be ble t<; mtch it. "Good morning. 'd like to tlk to you hout the Bible." 1.n ech dilogue there is personl question. Decide if the question is pproprite to the sitution nd the spekers. lf it is not pproprite, why isn't it? 2. The questions in converstions 2 nd 3 do not hve nswers. How do you think the speker should reply in these situtions? 3. Hve you ever been sked n inpproprite question? When nd who by? How did you respond? Hve you ever sked n inpproprite question by ccident? Wht hppened? L f, { il 1l s t t il 4 { f.t'l ril ; t t u f d J J 1 l J d T t t! ; Tboo converstion topics Tboos nd /ssues 2

13 r i= Lnguge i Mrk the expressions below in the following wy: O if they re polite wys of sking personl questions E R if they re wys of responding to personl questions.! l.l hope you don't mind me sking, but... Er 2.'d rther not nswer tht (if you don't mind). h 1 ' l t J. t Know this is bit nosey, but Mind v()rrr own business! r 5. wliv do you sk? :i.r E l = f..i tsl 6. Cn sk you personl question? 7. Tht's rrrther il personl question. 8. know this is bit personl, but 'm frid thert's relly none of your business. ET l r Look t the questions below. Decide who hs the right to sk you these questions. lt my be prticulr person, for exmple, doctor, priest, police officer, prtner/lover. lt might be nybody or it might be nobody. Write nyone. prticulr person or no one next to ech question. E E U E' l Ei q rl E How old re you? How much do you weigh? How tll re you? How much do you ern? Hve you got boy/girlfriend? Are you virgin? Are you mrried? \rvere your prents mrried? Hve you ever tken drugs? Are you plnning to strt fmily? Who did you vote for t the lst election? Hve you got criminl record? Are you gy? How much ws your CDplyer? \fht religion re you? How do you feel bout bortion? re E rl E ET Et ' l td Work in pirs. Ask your prtner the questions. Use the expressions in the Lnguge work to help you sk nd nswer the questions. Your best friend Gould you sy these things to your best friend? Your breirth is terrible. You smell nice. Wht is it? You need hircut. Your boy/girlfriend's got nice legs. wish you'd lern how to mke coffee. Could you sy the sme things to your techer or your boss? Do you hve friend you cn sy nything to? Are you tctful person or re you more blunt nd direct? Do you think being direct is good or bd thing? think you've hd enough to drink. You look silly in tht shirt. think you should ring nd pologise. f you wnt to smoke, do it outside. Your fly is undone. (fly = er zrp)! Tboos nd /ssues Tboo converstion topics 4

14 t should be bnned! Here is list of some things which re bnned in some countries, but re llowed in others. n pirs or smll groups, discuss whether they re bnned in your country nd then compre with others in your clss:. smoking inside public buildings o smoking mrijun o prents smcking children lf some or ll of the things bove re Why / why not? Reding. topless sunbthing. bortion pills. selling lcohol on election dy not bnned in your country, do you think they should be? Red these rticles nd nswer the questionsbelow ech one with prtner: WOMAN ARRESTED ON RO BEACH A young womn ws mested yesterdy tbr using only one prt of her twoprt bikini. Brzilins re fmous fbr their love of the bech, nd wer very smll bikinis but topless sunbthing is still not llowed. Police used to hve 'look the other wy' policy but locl uthorities hve begun to enforce the controversil lw which forbids nudity. The womn "This ws unrepentnt fter her rrest: is Brzil not Englnd. not the US. We believe in fieedom nd we bclieve in the right to show our bodies. This is bsolutely ricliculous." 1. ls this lw sensible, in your opinion? 2. Wht is ment by 'look the other wy' policy? 3. "We believe in the right to show our bodies." Do you gree with her? 'OX HUNT SABOTEURS ARRESTED Two men nd womn were nested by police fter pulling mn off his hclrse, cusing him to brek his rm. The incident hppened s the three tried to stop foxhunt going hed in the Sussex countryside in thc south of Englnd. Severl minutes of rguing hd preceded the ttck when the smll group nived with bells nd whistles to confuse the dogs nd horses. "Hunting fbxes is murder." scremed one of the group before being led wy by police. 1. Do you feel sympthetic towrds the offenders in this rticle? Why? Why not? 2. Do you hve ny niml sports in your country which you think should be bnned? BAR NED OR ALLOWNG SMOKNG Populr br O'Mlley's ws fined $1.000 on ridy night fbr disobeying the new Sn rncisct'r city order which prohibits smoking in ny public building. The owner plns to ppel ginst the fine before hering this fiernoon. "l tell you. even if the fine stys. there's no wy 'm going to mke my loyl customers go outside in the cold to smoke." he sid yesterdy. His customers hve of'fbred lot of support. "Hs the world gone md'? This is brl t's plce fbr vices." sid one regulr. "l cn't drink without smokingl" 1. Wht do you think bout this lw? 2. Wht do you think the br owner should do? 3. Wht ws one customer's justifiction for smoking in the br? Do you gree? KU KLUX KLAN RALLY VOLENCE our members of the Ku Klux Kln brotherhood were beten up t public rlly in which KKK members were clling for " cry fbr white freedom." Tempers begn to flre when the Kln members, clressed in trditionl white robes, begn their mrch through predominntly blck neighbourhood shouting "White power!" Locls took to the streets nd showed their opposition. some using violence. our men were nested by the police. "We re peceful orgnistion with the right to spek our minds," sid one Klnsmn. "t's not our fult these people re nimls." 1. Do you sympthise with the offenders? 2. The mn from the KKK sid they hd 'the right to spek our minds'. Do you gree? 3. Should groups like the KKK be bnned? t should bnned! Tboos nd /ssues

15 Lnguge Use the correct form of these verbs to complete urse cdmptgn the texts below: bn lctbby stgn go on protest dgtnst belong to n orgnistion (1)..... protest mrch tomorrow with Greenpece to (2).... the Jpnese Government's policy on whling. \7e re trying ro ger 5,000 peopleto (3).... petirion,whichwe pln to hnd in to the Jpnese Embssy. This is something feel very strongly bout. boycott crry out tht (4) ginst nimls being used ro test cosmetics. We (5)... politicins nd consumer groups nd (6).. the generl public to (7). compniestht (8)... experimentson nimls. Our im eventully is for the government to (9)... ll forms of niml exploittion in the cosmetics industry. Hve you ever been on protest mrch? Wht for? Hve you ever signed petition? Wht for? Hve you ever boycotted compny or its products? Which ones? Why? Do you think ny of these ctions mke difference? Which one is the most effective? Newspper lnguge Certin words re found lmost exclusively in newsppers, prticulrly in hedlines. Mtch the menings on the right with the underlined words in the hedlines below:. POLCE OJZ ANMAL RGHTS GROUP 2. NUDSTS SEEK MORE SUPPORT 3. MNSTER BACKS CANNABS PLANS 4. ASCST PARTY N POWER BD.5. NEW CALLS TO HALT UR TRADE 6. POLCE AND DEMONSTRATORS CLASH N CAPTAL 7. BOXNG BAN PLEA 8. GREENPEACE OL WHALERS. ttempt b. fight c. interview d. supports e. demnd f. stop g. obstruct h. look for n smll groups, decide whether ny of the things below should be bnned. Try to persude the others in your group. Then tke vote for ech one. bullfighting foxh unting cockfighting f ish ing whlehunting shooting gun clubs militry service nucler testing bllroom dncing geneticlly modified(gm) food humn cloning lcohol cigrettes mrijun prostitution pornogrphy boxing sop opers pssports boos nd /ssues t should be bnned!

16 Not my type L How importnt is it for you to hve prtner who is physiclly ttrctive? 2. Could you fll in love with someone who ws physiclly unttrctive? 3. Hve you ever been out with someone who hd disgusting / embrrssing hbit? Reding Here re two letters to the 'problem pge' of mgzine. As you red them, think bout this question: Hdt,e J,tttt euer nlet on),one with the sme or similr'prrtblems'? Der Bettv. l've met this wonderful womn. She's tll, beutiful, intelligent, chrming nerly everything mn could ever wnt. There's only one problem. Every time she tries to kiss me feel like being sick! At first thought it ws pssing thing tht mybe she just needed to brush her teeth more. Now relise tht this must be some kind of permnent condition. Wht do do now? cn't go on holding my breth (s l'm doing now) every time she lens over to kiss me. lt's getting to the point where don't even look in her direction when she tlks to me! This is not your verge morningbreth kind of smell this is more like somethins hs died inside her! Wht should do? Thoms Der Betty, hve one of the most thoughtful, kind, considerte men on the plnet but he hs this relly disgusting hbit tht cn't stnd nd cn't decide how to tell him. Bsiclly, the problem is he picks his nose. don't mind so much when we're t home, lone, but when we're in public, in nice resturnt, or worse/ t my prents'house when we/re hving dinner, just wnt to dispper. He strts digging in nd pulling things out nd throwing them on the floor, or even worse, putting them in his pocket! And then fterwrds when he wnts to hold my hnd or touch my fce void his dvnces nd of course he gets upset. wnt to tell him bout it becuse don't think he relises tht he does it, but l'm frid l'll embrrss him nd don't wnt to lose him. men, don't wnt to sound like l'm his mother. Plese help. Emily Discuss the following with prtner: 1. ind words nd expressions tht tell you how bd Thoms's girlfriend's breth is. 2. Did nything in the two letters mke you lugh? 3. Which problem bove did you think ws worse? 4. Wht would you do in Thoms's or Emily's sitution? 6 Not my type Tboos nd /ssues

17 Sex for sle 1. Mtch the wordson the left with the definitions on the right: l. prostitute 2. pimp 3. redlighr disrricr 4. brothel 5. kerbcrwler 6. n escort. someone pid ro go out socilly with other people b. house where men py to hve sex with prostitutes c. person who grees to hve sex in return for money d. prt of town where there re mny prostitures e. mn who controls prostitutes nd lives off their ernings f. mn who drives slowly long rod looking for se"ul liison ls prostitution problem where you live? ls there redlight district in your town? Red the informtion in the box nd discuss the questions in pirs or smll groups: At present, in Britin, womn who sells sex on her own in single property is not breking the lw. However, it is illegl for prostitute to work, or to sk for work. in public plce. f two or more women sell sex in single property, it is techniclly brothel, which is illegl. o Wht is the lw in your country?. Do you think it is too strict, too lenient or bout r:ight? \fhy? o How would you feel if you found our rhr close friend or member of your fmily ws working s prostitute? Should we leglise brothels? Red the two rticles to see if these sttements re correct: 1.The police officer would like to hve srricter lws on prostitution. 2. The locl councillor would like to relx the lws on prostitution. "lt's ridiculous to try nd eliminte prctice which hs been going on since the beginning of civilistion. There lwys hs been, nd rwys will be, demnd for prostitutes. you cn,t stop rt by mking it illegl. The problems we hve re becuse prostitution is not regulted. The women involved re t risk of both physicl nd emotionl buse from the pimps who,employ,them. Their working conditions re often poor nd there re considerble helth risks. Leglising it would give women more control over their lives _ their helth, their sfety nd their finnces. rom the police point of view, it would lso men ress obvious prostitution on the streets nd reduction in relted crime such s drug deling. The current ws re contpletely imprcticl. lt,s time thev were chnged." Helen Mddocks, senior police officer "This is not prcticl issue t ll, it's mort one nd l'm ded ginst ny chnge in the lw. n fct, think the lws should be tougher. gree we should be concerned bout the helth nd sfety of the women, but the plin fct is, sex for money is wrong. Sex should not be for sle. The lws we hve re not just for stting wht is llowed nd not llowed, but lso to show us wht is good nd wht is bd. Leglising prostitution cretes the impression tht it is good thing. lt's sign of gret morl wekness in our society. Prostitution my De the 'oldest profession', but tht doesn't men tr should be encourged to continue." Jnet Boyce, locl government councillor Spend two minutes thinking bout these questions, then discuss them with prtner: l.which rgument is closer to your own opinion? Underline the sttements you greewith. 2. Are you surprised t the police officer's ttitude? why? / \7hy not? 3. Do you gree tht prostitution is 'sign of gret morl wekness in our society'? 7 Sex for sle Tboos nd /ssues

18 Lnguge 1 Look t this extrct from the text: This is not prcticl issue t ll, it's tnorl one. Discuss with prtner. ls prostitution: prcticl issue or morl issue? complicted issue or strightforwrd issue? ln imoortirnt issue or r nonissue? Which verb does not collocte with issue.' void complicte ddress discuss the issue do tckle resolve Which issues is your government ddressing t the moment? Which issues is it voiding? Which issues do you wnt your government to tckle? Lnguge 2 Wht would you sy in reply to these people? Discuss with prtner. Divide these expressions with /w into three groups: 1. Wht the government or the police do. 2. Wht offenders or criminls do. 3. Wht good citizens do.. tighten the lw b. brek the lw c. defy the lw d. obey the lw e. observe the lw f. relx the lw g. comply with the lw h. enforce the lw i. ignore the lw j. bide by the lw k. chnge the lw l. disobey the lw cn ern {,1000 week s d prostitute. 'lbt's bout four times ds much s would get doing different iob. So why should stop? don't belieue tbdt sleeping with prostitute is being unfithful to my uife. lt's only sex nothing else. Mrrige is bont loue. Lots of girls re fctrced into prostittttion. Often they re illegl imnrigrnts. They cn't go to the police becuse they dre not in the tuntry leglly. " believe tht sex is one of the most beutiful, nturl, wholesome things tht money cn buy." Steue Mrtin, ctor lf someone wnts to ccept my money to hue sex with me, wht's thc prohlem? t's their life nd tbeir body. t's my money nd it's none of your business! Prostitution is problem cused by men. There ren't ny prostitutes for women. t's men who credte the problem dnd men wbo mdke tbe lws. t's the only wy dirty old men cdn get scx, Prostiluliotr is for sd, sd 1teo1tle. Tbe women re sdd nd the men dre euen sdder. 'd bn it! Tboos nd /ssues Sex for s/e

19 Swering "When ngry, count to hundred; when very ngry, swer." Work in pirs nd compre your nswers to the following questions: 1. How oftcn do you swer? 2. Wht swer words do you use most often? 3. Are there irny swer words you would never use? Why? 4.n wht situtions would you try to void swering? 5. Are you ever offended, upset or nnoyed when other people swer? Reding Mrk Twctin Red the rticles below. Tick (/) the true sentences. l. Mrth:r Johnson ws scked from her job. 2. Mr Slter feels tht he hs to swer t work. 3.lohn Ashford ws rrested for swering. 4. He is going to jil for 90 dys. PART O HS PERSONATTY A sles executive hs tken her exboss to n industril court climing tht his swering forced her to quit her job. or over six months Mrth Johnson, 43, put up with the foul lnguge of Jck Slter, mnging director of trnsport compny, nd h is deputy, Drren Wiggins. Both men swer continully, the court ws told. Yesterdy Ms Johnson of Worth ing, Sussex, who hs recently tken up new job, sid: "l hd relly wonderful job with the compny but just hd to do something bout the wful lnguge. At lest now m in plce where people show respect for ech other." Mr Slter told the court tht bd lnguge ws prt of his personlity nd lso common in the trnsport business. "l cn't stop swering," he sid. "l'm the fucking boss. My workers would ll think ws fucking soft if stopped swering." During the hering the judge hd to wrn Mr Slter severl times bout his lnguge. The cse continues tomorrow. Wht would you sy? Would you swer in the following situtions? Wht would you sy? 1. You tke some milk out of the fridge, but drop it on the floor. 2. You re crrying two pints of beer in br. Someone bumps into you nd you spill the beer down your trousers. 3. You miss the bus to work by few seconds. 4. Somebody drives into the bck of your brnd new cr. 5. Your ohone bill is double the norml mount. A BG SPLASH The bd lnguge used by John Ashford s he fell out of his siling bot into river in Michign hs lnded him in big trouble. He ppered in court for breking '1OOyerold stte lw which forbids swering in front of women nd children. milies were picnicking nerby when the ccident hppened. His defence tem rgued tht stndrds over the yers hve chnged nd tht it is now perfectly cceptble to swer in extreme circumstnces, such s flling into river. Mr Ashford, who fces up to 90 dys in jil nd $100 fine, ws cught by two sheriff's deputies. They were fishing from the side of the river when he fell in. Work in pirs or smll groups. Discuss these questions bout the texts bove. Do yolr think Mrth Johnson ws overrecting? f so, wht do you think she should hve done? Do you think Mr Ashford should be in court? f not, wht do you think should hve hppened? 8 Swering Tboos nd /ssues

20 Lnguge Look t the sentence below from the second text: t is now perfectly dcceptdble to swer in extreme ctr cumstnces. fn these sentences one of the words in itlics is wrong. Cross it out. 1. Swering in certin situtions is completely un c c e p t b e / r u de / inp p r op r i t e. 2.1 folrnd his lnguge deeply upsetting/ off e n s iu e / o b s cene / s h o c kin g. 3. Using tht kind of lnguge is perfectly cceptble/ok/good in some situtions. 4. Some words tht people use re ctully uery funny/rude/terrible. Now mke true sentences using some of the expressions from exmples Most people know find swering My mother fther thinks swering is There re one or two words which find Swering t someone in public plce is think it is.... to swer when you re relly nnoyed bout something. 6.f the Prime Minister swore on TV, would findit... Work in pirs nd compre your nswers. Discuss the sttements below. Do you gree or not? Why? l. Swering cn lre crefive nd expressive. 2.lt's rrseful to be ble to swer in English. 3.lt's difficult to know how to use English swer words. 4. You cn sound silly if you swer in English. 5. People who swer lot re just uneducted. 6. Children should be tught tht swering is wrong. 7. You cn upset people by sying 'Jesus Christ'. 8. People shouldn't use swer words in the street. "Er... mind if we swer?" Lnguge The list below shows tht swer words vry in strength. Different people of different ges find some words more offensive thn others. Here is rough guide to some of the most common English swer words nd expressions: Weker Dmn! Blst! Hell! Bloody hell! t ws bloody wful! Crp! t ws relly crp! Bullshit! He's rel dickhed. Tboostrength: uck off! Stronger He's rel shit. Shit! Piss off! Bstrd! Bitch! Bollocks! He's totl wnker! He's stupid prick. He's n rsehole! Religious swer words cn offend much more thn words connected with sex, body prts or bodily functions. Using God, Jesus Christ or Christ Almighty will gretly offend some people. Tboos nd /ssues Which of the words nd expressions opposite hve you used or would you use? Are you offended when people use religious words s swer words? Do you know of nybody who hs got into trouble by swering? Most English swer words re connected with sex or the body. ls this the sme in your lnguge? Avoiding swer words Ntive spekers often void swering by using other similrsounding words. Wht do you think the following exmples void? 1. He told me to off! 2.t's flipping cold, isn't it? 3. Not bleeding likely! 4. Oh, sugr! 5. P off! 6. He's rel B! Swering

21 Torture Work in pirs. Wht do you think the nswers re to these questions? ln 1996 there were 171 countries in the world: 1.ln how mny countries did people in prison or police custody suffer torture or illtretment?.21 b.67 c. 124? 2. n how mny countries did people die s result of torture or inhumn prison conditions?. 16 b.46 c.82? ind out the nswers from your techer nd then discuss these questions: 1.Do the figures surprise or shock you or re they wht you would expect? 2. Do you think the figures would be better or worse for this yer? Or bout the sme? 3.ln which countries would you expect to find torture hppening? 4. Whrrt rrbout your own country? Reding Red the rticles through quickly nd nswer the questions below: Which countries re mentioned in connection with torture? Do ny of the rticles surprise you?'which? Why? CASSDY ATTACKS PNOCHET n Chile in 1915, Dr Sheil Cssidy ws beten, stripped nd given electric shocks ll over her body, forcing her to give the nme of priest who hd sked her for help. She ws lter relesed s result of protests from Britin. Yesterdy she spoke out following the rrest of Generl Pinochet, the 84yerold " exdicttor of Chile. think imprisonment for the rest of his life would be pproprite. know he is n old mn nd he is frgile, but so were the pregnnt women who were rped nd tortured," she sid. US POLCE UNDER RE A recent Humn Rights Wtch report, exmining policing in 14 of Americ's biggest cities, contins some shocking sttistics. ollowing 11,000 civil rights complints ginst the police lst yer, only 29 police officers were punished. Crime in New York hs hlved since 1993, but complints bout police buse rc upby 50Vo. n one cse, suspect ws choked to deth when rrested by police officer in The officer ws clered of mnslughter, but the cse exposed the police to widespred criticism. RANCE GULTY O TORTURE rnce becme the first Europen country convicted of torture when the Europen Court of Humn Rights found it guilty of torturing suspected drug deler during questioning. The mn ws beten in n effort to obtin more informtion bout his suppliers. The court described his tretment t the hnds of five police officers s being 'of prticulrly cruel nd serious nture' mking it 'torture' under the Europen Convention on Humn Rights. Red the rticles gin nd nswer these questions: 1. Why ws Sheil Cssidy tortured? 2. Wht ws 'shocking' bout the Humn Rights \Wtch report? 3. Wht informtion did the rench oolice wnt? Discuss these questions in smll groups: 1. Do you think tht the conduct of the US police might sometimes ctully be 'torture'? 2. How would you define 'torture'? 3. Do you feel tht ny of the cses of torture mentioned bove might in ny wy be justified? 4. Do yon think the police in your country torture suspects nd known criminls? Tofture Tboos nd /ssues

22 Lnguge 1 Put the words in itlics prepositionl phrses. in the right order to mke 1. She ws lter relesed nr()tcsts from Britin. (of s result ) 2. think imprisonment... his life would be pproprite. (of rest the for) 3. A suspect ws choked to deth. police officer. (with interuiew in n) 4. The mn ws beten obtin more informtion bout his suppliers. (to n effort in).5. His tretment.. five police officers ws 'of prticulrly cruel nd serious nture'. (of the hnds t) firmevidence, he ws relesed from prison. (of the in bsence) 7.The government hd no choice but to rrest him..... whthewswriting bout them in the foreign press, but they lived to regret their ctions. (of in uiew) ' ll' ::'r'r:"1 ::::il:' ;:i i:;;!;:"0;l'i"o Lnguge 2 Complete the rticle below using the phrses from the previous exercise. LE OR THE TORTURE TWO The tril of Justin Mthers nd Gry Brstow, both ccused of murder nd torture, finished tody t Brighm Crown Court. (1 )... the sixweek tril, the iury hd herd evidence of some of the most horrible crimes ever described in courtroom. They hd lso seen photogrphs of injuries suffered (2)... these two men. Both men were found guilty. The judge pssed "(3) sentence immeditely, sying:... the horror of your crimes, hve no hesittion in sending you to prison (4)... your lives. (5).... your ctions, five people were permnently injured nd seven were killed. Two men nd three women lost their prtnersl dozen children lost their prents. After your rrest, (6)... the police' you sid tht you hd enjoyed committing these wful crimes. Therefore, (7)... give you punishment tht mtches the wfulness of wht you hve done, nd, (8)... ny remorse from you, sentence you to life imprisonment." "Noone shll be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhumn or degrding tretment or punishment." Article 5. United Ntions Work in smll groups. Look t the situtions below. Discuss how much force, if ny, it is cceptble for the police or rmy to use in ech sitution in order to get wht they wnt. 1. The police rrest someone for bnk robbery. They re bsolutely certin they hve the person responsible, nd he lredy hs criminl record, but t the moment they hve no evidence. They need confession. They only hve four hours to get one before he must be relesed. 2. A child hs been kidnpped. The kidnppers re thretening to kill the child if their demnds re not met. The police ctch one of the kidnppers who knows where the child is being held. She refuses to tell the police. 3. The police ctch member of terrorist orgnistion. He knows the nmes of other members of the orgnistion. He lso hs informtion bout where they hve stores of rms nd explosives. This informtion will sve lives. 4. Your country is t wr. You cpture highrnking enemy soldier who hs considerble knowledge of the enemy plns. This informtion would certinly sve the lives of mny of your soldiers nd possibly shorten the wr. Would your response to sitution 2 be the sme if the child ws yours or friend's? Tboos nd /ssues

23 Sexul hrssment Discuss these questions in pirs or smll groups: l. Do you think work is good plce ro find prrncr? Why / why not? 2.ln work setting, wht body prts of collegue would it be ok ro touch in your country? Tick ll the OK prrs: hnd frrce bck stomch rnl shoulder hir bottom 3. \X/ht would hppen if you did touch the prts of the body tht you did not tick? Reding Mke sure you know wht these words nd expressions men before you red the rticle: fl irt sue suggestiue photos dressed seductiuely sexy cdlendrs cht up RENCH LRT AT WORK moment she joined the compny 13 yers go. "t ws being done just The engineering workshops t to provoke women," sid Jnin, 37. wellknown enginemker bsed in o'when sid we didn't like it, they Pris seem s clen nd innocent s lughed t me." The compny church these dys. The nude finlly chnged their policy when photogrphs nd sexy clendrs they greed tht the pictures could tht used to be on some of the wlls be form of sexul hrssment. hve been tken down or thrown Sexul hrssment t work is wy. reltively new issue in rnce. or tht, the men in the deprtment rench lw now llows women to mostly hve one of their femle sue for sexul hrssment, but it is collegues to thnk. Brigitte Jnin, limited to hrssment by superior n erodynmics engineer, sid she of subordinte. Typiclly, mny strted rguing ginst the cses do not mke it to court. suggestive photogrphs from the "t usully goes this wy: the womn complins bout her boss, nd then she's fired," sid one lwyer specilising in workplce hrssment. Then she sues, nd money, if wrded, is usully little or sometimes nothing t ll. "Judges will sy it's becuse the womn is dressed too seductivelv." he dded. "Here we don't cre bout sexul hrssment." declred nother lwyer who, despite his brvdo, sked tht his nme not be published. "Being mcho is seen s good thing in the office. Chtting up beutiful women is nturl." Red the text gin nd correct the sttements below: l. Seruitl hrssment only pplies in cses of dvnces from subordinte to superior. 2. Usuirlly er womn is fired fter she goes to court. 3. Mnv judges blme womn's behviour. How fr do you gree with Brigitte Jnin bout the photos? \X/hy? Do you think tht womn who dresseseductively should be prepred for unwnted sexul dvrrnces? Give n exmple of 'seductive dress'. Cn nren be serr.rlly hrssed by women? Hve.vorr ever bcen in difficult sitution of this kind t work or college? 10 Sexul hrssment Tboos nd /ssues

24 lr E = Ef t E T E r E l l l lef l t. r r T E Lnguge Complete these sentences with the correct preposition: ot up obout oj tn with. Thcre irre lrvyers who specilise..... sexul hrssment cses. 2. Trying to sue sexul hrssment is wste..... time. 3.f you conrplin, you just get lughed 4. f yolr flirt..... the men in the office, you're sking for trouble..lor betw'een 5.My boss thinks hc cn cht..... ll the women in the office. 6. (iomplining..... the sexul dvnces of your boss tkes lot of courge. T.Yor.rcnpycomplimentstofemlecolleguebutthereisfineline...beingfriendlynd being overfrniliirr. Work in pirs or smll groups. Decide if the scenrios below describe sitution of sexul hrssment. Should nything be done bout ech sitution? lf so, wht? 1. Brin l,ke often comes in to work with compliments. "\il7ow, love your hir," he often sys to the women in the office, or "Nice skirt." Some women hve noticed tht he sometimes stres t their brests when he tlks to them.?. Susn Bellford gives the guys mssges in the office during breks. "She's got good hnds," they often sy. A couple of the mrried men don't seem totlly comfortble with it nd one gy mn doesn't seem to like it t ll, blrt ccepts it s0 s not to 'mke ny wves.' 3.Jilrnes. ohnson rouches bottoms men's nd women's. where most people would '';il smilc' wink or give pt on the bck, Jmes gives pt on the bottom. "t's my wy.of. being friendly," he sys' wht's interesting is tht the men :lnd women in the office seem to respectht. "Jmes is Jmes," sys one worrn. "He's just plyful guy. He i;;', men rrnyrhing by it." rue TH 9E, MAKtENb 5'Jennifer Stewrt hs sexy body 'd is ttrt',:t;t"tffi:::x\ntjilffi::..why should be shmed of wht God's given me?,,she rgues... don,t think it ir"k", nyone feel uncomfortble. hven'r n.nr single complint from ny of the men in the office!" 6. Bill Swnson clls ll the men in the office ll the women 4. Ken ptrick tells dirty jokes in the ofrice. "The people in the office love it," he sys,ffj:;,::#t,x:;.t'clls with smile. Not everybody, it seems. Some 7. Shelly Lymn is very tctile. She lwys of the women hve been seen leving the puts her hnd on the rm of the person she's office s soon s he strts sying, "Hey, hve tlking to nd lwys mkes point of you herd the one bout the..." mking direct eye contct. Are you tctile person? Do you touch people lot? Hs nyone ever objected to you touching them? How cn you tell when someone does not wnt to be touched? Tboos nd /ssues Sexul hrssment 10

25 L Bribery nd corruption Lnguge Mtch the words on the left to the definitions on the right: 1. gift 2. rewrd 3. tip 4. bribe 5. perk 6. hospitlitv 7. fvour 8. influence. friendly nd generous tretment nd entertinment of guests b. benefit received s prt of the rrngements with your employer c. something given willingly without pyment d. helpful ct e. the bility to obtin fvourble tretment from someone f. something given or received for doing something good g. smll sum of money given to someone for their services h. something given or offered in return for some, often dishonest, help Now work in pirs. Mtch the 8 words bove to one of the following situtions. lf you think more thn one nswer is possible, discuss the differences. 1. Your boss is retiring. The employees give her some beutiful gold errings t her leving prty. 2. You visit foreign compny to discuss new contrct. They py for Sstr hotel nd your expenses. 3. You wnt to build n extension to your house, but you need permission from the locl council. You give money to one of the locl councillors to mke sure you get permission. 4. Your sles mnger increses your business by 200% in yer. You give him new BM\X/. 5. After pying the slon, you give little extr money to the hirdresser who cut your hir. 6. You get free lunch in the stff cnteen every dy. 7. You use your friendship with member of the government to mke sure tht you get prticulr government contrct. 8. You won't be home in time to pick up your suit from the dry clener's. You sk friend to get it. Reding Red the rticles below nd nswer this question: All three rticles involve briberv. Do thev lso involve corruption? MATCHXNG S NORMAL BRBED BUS DRVER SACKED According to former club mnger, bribery in Russi's top footbll legues is so shmeless nd obvious tht referees re known to sk for more money in the middle of gmes. The mnger of St Petersburg club during the nineties sid: "'ve never met referee who didn't tke money. t's useless to ply if you hve no money." Apprently, there re three wys to success. You cn bribe the other tem, you cn bribe the referee, or you cn bribe the tems tht ply your rivls. f you cn fford to do ll three, the chmpionship will be A bus driver from Bournemouth hs been scked for tking his bus on n unuthorised route. Brin Jeffries ltered the route of the number 22 service fter pssenger offered him f2o to drop him off outside his house" which involved twominute diversion. No bus stops were missed, but one pssenger ws obviously displesed nd reported the incident nonymously to the bus compny. Mr Jeffries sid, " cn't believe they scked me. ws just doing someone fvour. Nobody ws delyed or inconvenienced. Whoever it ws who reported me needs to get life." yours..sacks O CASH' The politicl bribery tril of the former ndin Prime Minister, PV Nrsimh Ro, strted tody with evidence from n MP tht he received four million rupees (f70,000) in two scks s pyment for supporting Mr Ro in vote in Prliment. He did not ccuse Mr Ro directly, but nmed other ministers in Mr Ro's government who hd orgnised the del q { 11 Bribery nd corruption Tboos nd /ssues

26 Red the rticles gin nd decide which nswer is best: Lnguge Use the 8 nouns from the first exercise in these sentences: 1.ln the Russin footbll legue you cn bribe: 1.Her ct's disppered. She's offering.. referees. to the person who finds it. b. referees nd other tedms. 2. Could you do me.? 'd like some help 2 The mn reported the bus driver becuse moving this pino.. he missed his stop. b. he just thought it shouldn't hppen. 3. The ndin MP received the money from. collegues of Mr Ro. 3.He used his to mke sure tht his dughter got into university. 4. The py is poor but they offer good. compny cr nd free helth cre. b. Mr Ro himself. 5. The food ws nothing specil nd the service Answer these questions in groups: ws wful, so didn't leve 1.Do you think crime hs been committed in 6. hve feeling they wnt us to enjoy their ny of the three rticles?. nd then give them the contrct. 2.Cn you imgine ny of these things hppening T.Three more politicins hve been ccused of in your country? tking. from businessmen in return for 3.f you were pssenger on the bus, would you politicl influence. hve reported the driver or lughed nd done 8. hope you will ccept this from ll of nothing? us for your excellent service over the yers. Work in groups. Wht would you do in these situtions? Choose response or suggest n lterntive. 1.A police officer stops you for speeding. She sks to see your driving licence. Would you.... just giue her your driuing licence? b. put some money in your driuing licence nd giue it to her? 2. At the end of your driving test the exminer tells you tht you hve filed. Would you.... just feel disppointed nd get out of the cr? b. get out your wllet nd sk how much it would cost to pdss? 3. Your compny is trying to win n importnt nd lucrtive government contrct. The minister in chrge tells you tht the contrct is lmost certinly yours nd tht he nd his wife love spending their holidys in the Pcific. Would you... d. do nothing nd wit for decision on who gets the contrct? b. orgdnise free twoweek holidy in iii for the minister nd his wife? 4. Your dughter wnts to go to university but she did not pss the entrnce exm. Would you.... sk the dmissions officer how much it would cost to get her in? b. tell your dughter to retke the exm nd stop going out euery night? 5. You re witness in serious criminl cse. A friend of the defendnt offers you lrge sum of money to chnge your evidence. Would you.... refuse to cooperdte nd then tell the police wht hd hppened? h. tke the money nd do tuht he sked? 6. You rrive t your fvourite resturnt to find it is fully booked. Would you.... giue the hed witer LL0 nd sk him to find you d tble? b. just go somewhere else? 7. A collegue t work who you re not ttrcted to offers to tke you to your fvourite oper (or similr) fter dinner t n expensive resturnt ll expenses pid. Would you.... feel tempted but sdy no? b. pretend suddenly to like the person nd sy yes? Do you know nyone who hs been involved in bribery sitution like one of these? Spend two minutes deciding how you cn bribe your techer to mke your life esier! Tboos nd /ssues Bribery nd corruption 11

27 Designer bbies lmgine tht before you were born your prents hd 'designed' you. lf you hd been them, wht would you hve chnged? Think bout these questions: Which one spect of your ppernce would you chnge? Which one spect of your chrcter/personlity would you chnge? How do you think your life might hve been different? Are you plesed yolrr prents did not design you or do you wish they hd? Compre your nswers in pirs or smll groups. Reding Red through the rticle nd nswer this question: Why do the Jones wnt bby girl? NEW LAWS MAY ALLOW CHOCE O BABY' SEX lim nd Debbie lones (not their rel nmes), whose dughter ws killed in trgic domestic ccident lst yer, pln to use the new British humn rights lws to win the legl right to choose the sex of their bby. The Jones, who hve four sons, sy tht the 'femle dimension' hs disppered from resons for wnting girl go beyond just wnting to replce her. Our fmily doesn't feel complete ny more. dore our sons but we would like nother girl." Cender selection is only possible in Britin for medicl rther thn socil, psychologicl or physicl resons. Prolife cmpignersy tht if the Jones re llowed to choose the sex of their bby, it could led to bbies becoming consumer items. A spokesmn sid: "We re totlly opposed to engineering the numbers nd g,enders of people in society. Tht leds only to disster." their fmily since the deth of Jsmine. "Words cnnot describe wht it feels like to lose the little girl we hd wnted for so long. We know nother girl won't replce Jsmine, The Jones' lwyers will be bsing their but we wnt the chnce lo ry," sid Jim rguments on new humn rights legisltion. "Wht Jones. we're hoping to do with the use Article six gurntees everyone 'fir of technology is crete the femle dimension hering' from public uthorities nd Article gin. We hve psychologists' reports nd eight protects the right of everyone to 'resdect doctors'reoorts which confirm tht our for fmilv life'. Red the rticle gin. Mrk the following sentences true (T) or flse (): 1.The. ones feel they need bby girl to mke their fmily complete gin. 2. At the moment in Britin it is not possible to choose the sex of your bby. 3. New lws on humn rights my llow the Jones to choose the sex of their bby. Discuss this question in pirs or smll groups: Do.von think the Jones should be llowed to choose to hve bby girl? Why? \Why not? 12 Designer bbies Tboos nd /ssues

28 = l { = :t = =' = :T =t = = =r r tr ts ts Lnguge Look t these sentences from the rticle. Notice the expressions with rghf; Jim nd Debbie Jones pln to win the legl right to choose the sex of their bby. Article eig,ht protects the right of everyone to'respect for fmily life'. Cross out the word in itlics which does not collocte with right: 1.You cn hdue, win, protect, demnd, build, defend, chllenge the right to choose' 2.t's (n) legl, morl, stright, utomtic, bsic nght. Look t the sentences below. Mrk them in the following wy: tl if you gree X if you disgree? it you prtly gree nd prtly disgree 1. An unborn child hs rights. Those rights must be protected. 2. \X/e don'r hve the right to interfere with child's future personlity nd ppernce. 3. Deciding the ser of your child will be bsic right in fifty yers' time. 4. \7e should hve the utomtic right to choose prticulr genes for our own bbies. Compre your nswers in pirs or smll groups. Work in pirs or smll groups. ln ech of the following situtions someone is explining wht genetic selection they wnt to mke nd why. Decide whether you think they should be llowed to do wht they wnt. 1. There is history of red hir in my fmily. hve red hir nd ws bdly tesed t school. would like to mke sure my child does not hve red hir. 2.My fouryerold dughter, my only child, hs ftl blood disese. She will die before she is 12 unless we cn find mtch for bone 6. feel there is too much violence nd ggression in the world. would like to mke sure my child is clm nd gentle person. [xti:.,.;il]'li[jj;:il; ;::H:'""Hl". ' f,:lf1l'*j:*:;i::'j,fl:'j:"1,:: Tii:'. 3.ln my fmily there is history of ftl disese tht ffects the nervous system. wnt to mke sure tht my bby is not likely to get this disese. 4.'m university professor nd my husbnd is doctor. We'd like to mke sure our bbv is intelligent. Are you fscinted or horrified by this topic? 5. The mle members of my fmily often suffer from rre nd unplesnt bone disese. would therefore like to mke sure hve bby girl. eyes nd be bout medium height when she grows up. 8. suffer from genetic disese which inherited from my mother. My children hve one in five chnce of hving the sme gene. Before strt fmily, wnt to hve tretment to mke sure do not pss on this gene. "We will still hve sex for plesure, of course, but we will view our children s too dmn importnt to leve it to rndom meeting of sperm nd egg." Greg Stock, UCLA professor of procretion rt Tboos nd /ssues Designer bbies 12

29 v Children who kill 1.n your country, t wht ge is someone considered n dult? 2. Until tht ge, do children who commit crimes get specil tretment, or do they get the sme penlties dults get? 3.At wht ge does child know right from wrong? 5 yers old, 10 yers old? 15 yers old? Reding Red the rticle. Then nswer this question: Wht is the ltest 'trend' in Americn criminl justice? THRTEEN.YEAR.OLD GETS LE Thirteenyerold Peter Brton (not his rel nme) ws plying with little girl of 6. Climing tht he ws pretending to be professionl wrestler, Peter punched, kicked nd stmped his 6yerold plymte to deth. Her liver ws severely dmged. Her skull ws frctured. Medicl experts compred the injuries to fll from the top of house. Peter ws tried in court s n dult nd sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of prole when he is 38. Peter is one of mny children in the ltest trend in criminl justice: if you re old enough to kill, you re old enough to fce dult penlties. Tht is wht the Supreme Courts of Cliforni, lorid nd Texs re sying nd the trend is spreding fst cross the United Sttes. "Wht we're deling with is new kind of childhood criminl. They're strting younger nd they know wht they're doing. They won't think twice bout killing," sid lorid Stte District Attorney Adm Emmitt. The Stte of lorid lone registered 312 homicides committed so fr this yer by minors. Most of those homicides were gunrelted. The trend hs children's rights ctivists in rge. Lis Weston, member of one group which is trying to prevent children being tried s dults sid, "No one understnds why Peter did wht he did not even Peter." Peter Brton beeins his life sentence on Mondy. True or flse? Red the rticle gin nd mrk these sentences true (T) or flse (): 1. Peter will be relesed when he is 38 yers old. 2. Not ll sttes hve such hrsh lws. 3. Adm lrmrnitt thinks the problem is worse now thn it ws before. 4. Lis Weston thinks children should be treted differentlv from dults. l.peter climed he ws pretending to be professionl wrestler. Could he be telling the truth? 2.ls it relly possible tht 13yerold boy could mliciously nd intentionlly kill young girl? 3. Are children the sme s they hve lwys been or re they relly different these dys? 4. Hs nything like this hppened in your country? 13 Children who kill Tboos nd /ssues

30 = :fl = fl = =t = =fl t'l :e =e =r E r r Lnguge Ghoose the correct ending for ech sentence: 1. Wht we're deling 2.'Wht we're tlking 3. Wht we're looking 4. Wht we're sying 5. Wht we're seeing. t is stedy increse in the number of child crimes. b. with is new kind of childhood criminl. c. here is trend tht shows no sign of slowing. d. bout is the future of our country. e. is tht children must strt to tke full responsibility for their ctions. Work with prtner. Circle the vocbulry item tht does not belong you don't know in your dictionry. 6. lw1,er, evidence, defendnt, judge 7. murder, fine, ssult, mnslughter 8. dult, minor, infnt, dolescent 9. witness, crirninl, suspect, offender 10. prole, relese, sentence) prdon in ech group. Check ny words Discuss the following situtions in smll groups. Decide wht should hppen to the people in ech sitution. Should they go to prison n dult prison or young offender's institution? How long for? Or should something else hppen? 1. Sen, 9, brings gun to school. He shows it to his friends nd sys, "Nobody messes with me or use this!" 2. Two teengers, ged 15 nd 16, come to school with two semiutomtic guns nd begin shooting people t rndom. They shoot 5 of their clssmtes ded nd criticlly wound nother 12. The 16yerold commits suicide before he is cptured, the younger boy is cught nd rrested. 3. l7yerold Bobby ftlly stbs shop owner in the town centre in n ttempted robbery. The shop owner tried to phone the police during the robbery nd Bobby pnicked. 4. A l4yerold boy shoots nother 14yerold member of rivl gng. " hd to do it so tht they would let me be in their g2flg," he sys. The victim did not die. 5. A 16yerold shoots his fther ded fter the fther hs violent confronttion with the boy's mother. "He got wht he deserved," sys the boy. "My mother hs put up with enough buse lredy." 6. A 6yerold boy gets so ngry with his younger brother tht he sits on him until he stops brething, shouting " hte you, hte you." The brother dies. The 6yerold told his prents he hd hd enough of his brother. Discuss your conclusions with nother group. b r ft Discuss the following s clss: 1.\X/hen child kills, who do you think is most responsible? The prents? Society? The child? 2. Are there ny obvious wys to prevent such horrors? \Wht re they? 3. f you feel your country's sitution is very different from or better thn the one in the US, cn 1'ou explin why? 'Wht 4. \flht is the worst story of child killers you remember reding bout in the newsppers? mkes it the worst? boos nd /ssues Children who kill 13

31 Gys nd jobs Discuss these questions with prtner: 1. Are there ny wellknown gy people in your countryin the following res: politics the cbttrch TV sport 2. Arc there more gy people in some professions thn in tht is? Reding Red the rticles below nd nswer these questions: the militry the lw 1. Which rticle is bout someone strting job? Wht's the problem? 2. Which one is bout someone leving job? Why is the person leving? others? Which ones? Why do You think SECOND OCER RESGNS Another senior nvl officer resigned lst night s result of the Government's decision to llow homosexuls to join the rmed fbrces. Commnder Jmes McDonld,43. who fought in the wr in Bosnitr. sid of the Government's decision: "There re mny good militry resons why homosexuls should not be llowed into the rmed fbrces. The Government. however, hs chosen to mke decision for politicl nd legl resons." Commnder McDonld's resigntion cme dy fter Brigtrdier Howrd Jones,47, sked to retire erly fbr similr resons. Brigdier Jones sid: "l hve no personl problem with homosexuls, but do believe strongly from both morl nd militry point of view tht there is no plce for them in the rmy. The Government hs reched its decision fbr no good militry reson." ANGER OVER LESBAN MAYOR Jnis Hewitt will be redy fbr some strong opposition when she becomes myor of the smll Welsh town of Llnforcl next week. She nnounced yesterdy tht her lesbin prtner will be myoress. Ms Hewitt points out tht she hs never mde ny secret of her reltionship nd she sees no reson to strt doing so now. "We hve been together for 20 yers," she sid, "nd we hve never hidden the fct. t relly shouldn't be problem. There re more importnt issues, ltke getting better life for people." Greth Jmes, chirmn of the locl Conservtives, disgrees strongly. "This hs come s quite shock." he sid ngrily. "t degrdes the position of myor. t is not the sort of thing we ssocite with this town. Things like this don't hppen here." True or flse? Red the rticles gin nd decide if the following sentences re true (T) or flse (): 1. Both officers feel there re militry resons why gys should not be llowed in the rmed forces. 2. Brigdier Jones hs personl dislike of homosexuls. 3.Jnis Hewitt's lesbin reltionship hs been secret for 20 yers. 4. Grcth Jmes is unhppy with the ide of Jnis Hewitt's prtner being the myoress. Discuss these questions in smll groups: 1.Do you think it is OK ro hve gy people in the rmed forces? Vhy?'$7hy not? Wht's the sitution in your own country? 2. Should Jnis Hewitt be llowed to choose her lesbin prtner s myoress? Would it be problenr in ny wy? Could this hppen in your country? 14 Gys nd jobs Tboos nd /ssues

32 Lnguge 1. Look through the rticles gin nd underline llthe expressions with the word'reson'. 2. One of the following ptterns is wrong. Which one?. see no reson to worry bout it. b. scc no reson not to employ her. c. scc no reson why he shouldn't work here. d. see no reson of chnging my mind. c. see no reilson for getting upset bout it. 3. Put these expressions into the sentences below: the rettl rcdson some redson onc good rcdson no reson l.l crrn't think of..why we shouldn't give him the job. He's the idel cndidte. 2. Nobody knows.. why he decided to resign, but there re lots of rumours round. 3. Yorr cn't sirck someone for... f you do, you'll be breking thc lw. 4. or.. he thinks gys cn't do the job properly, but he cn't explin why. 4. Delete the word or phrse which does not fit this sentence: Slre hd tcr lcve her job for personl, finncil, medicl, powerful, number of resons. Discuss these questions in pirs: l. Do you think tht there re ny jobs which homosexul should not be llowed to do? Consicler thcsc: techer ltriest lturse TV prsenter child minder politicin doctor police officer 2. Do you tliink people should hve to declre thcir sexulity when pplying for ny of those iobs? f so, which ones? 3. Think of three resons why n employer might not cmploy someone who is gy. Are ny of these good resons? 4. Would you employ gy person? Why? \7hy not? 5. Cn you think of ny jobs which gy person would be better t thn someone who ws stright (heterosexul)? 6. Hve you ever worked with someone who ws gy? 'Ws their sexul orienttion oroble rn? Tboos nd /ssues Gys nd jobs 14

33 t h Animl rights J fr = Work in pirs. List ll the different things tht humns do with nimls. or exmple:. We et them. 1,..3. A T. 5. o Do you object to ny of these uses? Reding Red quickly through the texts below. Decide where you might find ech one. ARM CLOSES Protesters hve finlly fbrced Shmrock Monkey rm ner Henfield. West Sussex to close. Monkeys from the fhrm, set up in the 1950's. were used in the development of the polio vccine nd until recently were still being used for reserch into other diseses. Animl rights leder Justin Hodge sid: "t's bout time the frm closed. We strongly object to plces like this nd completely dispprove of wht they've been doing here." WARNNG Tigers re dngerous. Do not climb over the ril. Do not feed. The Worldmous Rfferty's Circus Rfferty's Circus will be t Prospect Prk Tues July 17th St July 21sr Tickets on sle now * f7.5o nd f 10 Clowns, Performing Dogs, Terry the Tiger Tmer Jumbo the Amzing Counting Elephnt The mous Horses of Hindustn nd much much more. Remove ll pckging from the met. Plce on bking try in the centre of preheted oven t 200eC or Gs Mrk 6 for 35 minutes or until golden brown. Serve immeditely. or Sle Six blck nd white Springer Spniel puppies 4 mle, 2 femle, f300 ech Must go to good homes Cf l Mrs Rogers SEA TURTLES The se turtle is vluble ctch for pochers nd illegl trders. Almost ll of it cn be sold rnd used. The mer is much soughtfter deliccy, the shell is mde into jewellery nd the body oil is used to mke cosmetics. n Mexico lone, thousnds re killed ech yer nd exported to Jpn. Three species of se turtle re now close to extinction. ln your opinion, which texts refer to the mistretment of nimls? Which one do you feel most strongly bout? rc Animl rights Tboos nd /ssues J g e J i 4 4*l '1 4 q ) q ) '1 1 J1 4 lf g 1 *'l 41 E )'1 4*1 J 5 J l 4 5 J 5 ) 5J rd q ḏ _l J Ll l J t!!i l

34 Lnguge Look t this sentence from the first text: ".\X/e strongly object to plces like this nd completely dispproue of wht they'ue been doing here." Decide whether the expressions below express n objection (O) or no objection (N): 1. think tht's fine. 2. t's quite OK to ern't sey rpprove of strongly dispprove of wish people wouldn't 've got no problcm with think it's wful. 8. t's outrgeous. 9. There's nothing wrong with t seems completely wrong to me. l. 've got no obiectirtn to t doesn't bother me. Use the expressions bove to tlk bout the list you mde t the beginning of the lesson. or exmple: strongly disdpproue of circuses. t's quite OK to keep rbbits in yctur gttrden. Look t these ptterns: 't,e got rto prcthlem tuith zoos s long s the dnimls re treted u,ell. There's notbing Lurong with people huing pets prouided they know how to look dfter tbem. Write two sentences of your own using these ptterns. Answer these questions in smll groups: L Do y<;r,r et met? f not, why not? 2.lf so, do yorr or would you et ny of the following? ltorsemet uel dng rbhit pte de foie grs rnonkel segull squirrel hedgehog lligtor 3. Do you htrve pet? \i7ht kind? How much freedom does it hve? Wcruld it be hppier in different environment? 'Wht 4.ls it ever C)K to keep nimls in cge? bout keeping birds in cge? 5.ls it OK to hve these nimls s pets? Lt l)orrot rbbit mctnkey tropicl fish terrpin 6. Do you wer lether shoes? Do you own nythingmde from niml fur? s there n ethicl difference? 7. Recl the opinion below. How fr do you gree or disgree with it? "Let's get this stright. Animls hue no rights t ll. don't medn we should be cruel to them fctr no redson. et nimls. wer dnimls. depend on drugs tuhich hue been tested on them. medn, if testing medicines on nimls helps to sue humn liues, think tht's fine. And 'ue got no problems with testing cosmetics on them either. men, if use n ftershue or d deodornt, wnt to know tht it's sfe. l'd rther rbbit went blind not me!" boos nd /ssues Animl rights 15

35 r E Mrrige for better or for worse Work in pirs. Discuss the quottions below. Wht do you think they men? Which ones do you gree with? Which do you disgree with? Which do you find musing? Reding Love conquers ll things. Virgil Love is blind. Engli.sh proverlt Mrry in hste. Repent t leisure. English prutverlt Red these two opinions bout divorce. Which one do you gree with more? fuli Csper getting divorced for the ske of the children The only surprising thing bout divorce is tht it doesn't hppen more often. Wht people wnt from mrrige my be the sme when they get mrried, but, s we ll know, people cn chnge. Wht he wnts my be very different from wht she wnts five yers down the line. Very often, men hve the ttitude of, "She looks fter me nd she is there when wnt her; but hve my own life." Women, on the other hnd, think, "He is my best friend; wnt him to shre my interests, my emotions nd my life." One or both of the prtners begins to feel trpped. They strto live seprte lives, which results in tension, rguments nd bttles, which then lso hs negtiveffect on the children if there re ny. So, wht is the point of stying together? lt's better for children to grow up in relxed, loving environment with one prenthn in tensionfilled home with both orents. Of course it's better to void splitting up it hurts everyone, especilly the children but if mrrige is over, it's best to ccepthe sitution nd move on before more hrm is done. When girl mrries, she exchnges the ttention of mny men for the inttention of one. H e L e n Rov' ond. Ante r ic ctn w' r il e r Mrrige is like dull mel wrth the dessert t the beginning. Henri, Comte de ToulouseLutrec Sue Hrdcstle stying together for the ske of the children Too mny people see divorce s the esy wy out. dmit tht in some cses it my be necessry for exmple, if your prtner ws physiclly or mentlly busing you. Cetting divorced should be bsolutely the lst option. t's not just lifestyle choice. Prt of the problem is tht people seem to hve n impossibly idelistic view of mrrige. They expect love, romnce nd excitement to fill their lives ll the time. But the fct is, mrried life is not lwys perfect love nd hrmony. There will be rguments nd disgreements. lt is boring t times nd, especilly when children come long, it cn be hrd work! You've got to be willing to mke the efforto mke reltionship work. lt is this effort which mkes mrrige rich nd stisfyi ng experience. And wht exmple is it to children if you decide to split up? Wht messge does it give? "When things get difficult, you cn just quit." t's no surprise tht people whose prents divorce often get divorced themselves. How cn they believe in the possibility of permnent reltionship if the people they most trusted couldn't do it? i,, d l d 1 d r{ 1 { ) q q 1 A { ll.{ 1 rf 4 d l l 1 l l. tl, T t 2 16 Mrrioe for better or for worse Tboos nd /ssues E

36 Who believes wht? Mrk the sentences below with 'S' if they re wht Sue sys nd 'J' if they re wht Juli sys: 1. Peoplc expect too much from mrrige. 2. Children cn experience negtive things in bcl mrrige. 3. Children whose prents split up cn find it difficult to trlrst other people lter in life. 4. Living with one prent cn be better thn living with both. 5. You shouldn't give up just becuse reltionship is difficult. Do you gree or disgree with the sttements bove? Lnguge Complete the text below with the correct form of these words: "f the police stdrt dsking questions, sbll iust sy tht yctu pcked your things one night nd left me." lst crsntest sign brek split up brek down work n rhe USA couples sometimes (1)... contrct before they get mrried cllcd 'prenuptil greement', which puts in writing wht will hppen to their money nd possessions if the mrrige (2). some of these mrriges don't (3).... t doesn't surprise me tht long. Before it hs even strted, the huppy corrple rc lredy plnning wht to do when the mrrige doesn't (4).... And, of course, prenuptil greement only works if both prtners re resonble. But wht hppens if one person doesn't wnt to (5)... nd (6)... the divorce? Or wht hppens if someone rries ro (7)... the contrct? '$fell, wht it relly mens is lots of work nd money for the lwyers! Do you think prenuptil greements re good ide? Would you hve one? Work in pirs or smll groups. Discuss these questions: l.wht experience do you hve of divorce? Your own? Your prents? Other fmily members? riends? 2. Cn divorce ever relly be micble? 3. Reserch shows tht the children of divorced prents re more likely to get divorced themselves. Vhy do yolr think this is the cse? 4. How esy do you think it should be to get divorce? Which of these re you in fvour of?. diuorce on demnd wbeneuer one pdrty wnts it. b. wttit frtr yer to see if the couple cdn get bdck together gin. c. t'omltulsory counselling for six months before decision is tken..5. Wht do you think re sr.ritble resons for getting divorced? Consider these: '\Ye'ue He's been unfithful to me. iust grown dpdrt. Life is so boring. He hits me. She doesn't sleep with me ny more. unt my freedom bck. 'We just htte nothing m common. just mrried the wrong person. t's ds simple s tht! Tboos nd /ssues Mrriqe for better or for worse 16

37 Nobody needs gun n Britin it is illegl to hve gun without ticence. ollowing the Dunblne 1996' when msscre mdmn in sco'nd killed in lmost n entire clss of primry school on gun children possession nd their techer, hve the lws become very strict. The sme is not true in the trocities United sttes, involving where guns' mny more such s the columbine incident described below, hve tken plce. nything l'!" like Dunblne or columbine hppened in your country? 2. Cirn you remember ny similr incidents in the news? Red the slogn of the united sttes Ntionl Rifle Assocition (NRA), influence which hs lot of politicl in the US. 3. Wht do you think bour n orgnistion tht grrns eg:rl hs this s its slogn? in your c,runtry? Are thcy esyto get? 5. Do yolr or does nyone you know own gun? \7hy? Jfhy not? Reding on April 20' 1999, two teenge boys t columbine High school ner Denver, colordo, usa, shot over 30 fellow students, killing 12 of thlm.before tkinitheir own rives. The following point of view ws posted on n interctive website few dys lter by "or"on" from Britin. Red the text, then nswer the questions below. t N n t { { 4 rl THE COLUMBNE MASSACRE Wht is it going to tke for Americ to get the messge? How mny more young lives re we going to see wsted? How cn the pro_gun lobby in the US still hve such powerful voice? After the Dunblne msscre here in 1996, gun control lws, which were lredy strict, were tightened further. There ws ntionwide mnesty on hndguns. Mny who hd guns, for whtever reson, gve them up. Thev were sick of wht guns were cpble of. people even questioned whether shooting should remin n Olympic sport. Dunblne shocked the whole ntion nd the effect remins to this dy. But in the US, politicins re more worried bout upsetting the progun groups nd losing votes thn protecting innocent people! Ordinry citizens rgue tht they should be free to rm nd defend themselves in ccordnce with the.second Amendment'. Def.end themselves ginst who? The country isn't under ttck! The civil wr ended over 200 yers gol Most people in Britin hve never seen or hndled rel gun even our police don't crry them _ but in Americ you cn buy one on Sturdy fternoon shopping trip. Wht hs hppened to country tht it cn crry on with one msscre fter nother nd do nothing? We're supposed to be.cousins' but the fmily resemblnce is not very strong ny more. don't recognise their culture. A country tht cn't bn guns hs lost its hed, nd its soul. 4 fl 1: d l Answer these questions with prtner: ' wht is the over:rll tone of the rticle.ng9! srcsm, sympthy, something 2.lf else? you were n Americn, wourd you tke off..r.. t this rticle? 3' could someone from your country write similr rticle with very similr rgumenrs? 4' How does the writer compre the Dunblne msscre to the Columbine msscre? 5' D. y.rr think the wrirer hs ever been to the united Sttes? 6' could the r'vriter pply ny of his or her criricisms ro countries other thn the United Sttes? 17 Nobody needs gun Tboos nd /ssues

38 Lnguge 1 Use these words to complete the opinions on guns nd gun lws below: wedpon outluted in selfdefence illegl liues 1. think guns shorrld be mde 2. f grrns were..., thenonly criminls would hve them. 3. Guns don't tke.... People do. 4. Anything cn be used s lethl A gun is simply one of them. 5.1 think someone is only justified in using gun Circle the opinions bove tht re most similr to your own. Do your clssmtes gree? Lngu ge 2 Look t this sentence from the text: People euen questioned whether shooting showld remin n Olympic sport. Even is used to emphsise point you re dding. Use the correct ending for ech sentence below: 1. Anybody cn buy gun 2. Some teengers crry guns round 3.1 wouldn't use gun 4. Hrdly nybody crries gun in Britrn 5. think guns should be bnned completely. they euen tke them to school. b. euen toy ones. c. euen kids cn buy them. d. euen if ws ttcked. e. not euen the police. Guns nd you 1. n which of the following situtions would you use gun?. To defend myself ginst n intruder in my house. b. n selfdefence ginst n ttcker on the street. c. To hunt nimls. d. or sport on firing rnge. 2. Do you know where you could buy gun if you wlnted one? Guns nd films Answer these questions in pirs or smll groups: gtr ED trd "Gun control? Ouer my ded body!". (iroups who wnt to bn guns sy tht it is impossible to think of three films in which gun never ppers. Cn you prove them wrong? b. Why do you think guns re so prominent in films? c. f)o you think tht gunviolence in films hs direct effect on gunrelted crime? Guns nd kids s it OK for children to ply with toy guns? Did you do this when you were younger? Wor.rld you let your children ply with toy guns? ls it ll bd news? Do guns hve ny positive roles in society? Use the expressions below to help you express your ides. f we didn't hue guns, we wouldn't hue... t's becduse of guns tht we... r[/e bue guns to thnk fo,... ['m not in fuour of guns, but must dmit... Tboos nd /ssues Nobody needs gun 17

39 The sle of humnorgns t { Under wht circumstnces would you llow n orgn to be removed from your body? Tick the ones you gree with: rr. li necdecl :rn operirtron. b. After deth, for generl medicl purposes. c. T<r clonltc n orgn to close reltive. cl. T<r cionte u orgn to close friend. c. To help rurvonc in need. f. To nrke monev. g. Nevcr. Mny people crry n orgn donor crd, which llows doctors to tke prts of their bodies if they re killed. Do you crry one? lf not, why not? Reding Donorcrd request tht fter my deth: A. ny prt of my body my be used for the tretment of others! or B. my kidneys f cornes! hert! tungs! liver! pncres be used for trnsplnttion Signture.. Dte. n the event of my deth. if possible, contct:...te : Remember to tell someone close to you tht you wnt to be n orgn donor. Their greement is importnt if the time ever comes. Red this rticle bout debt collection in Jpn. Does the sme thing hppen in other countries? JAPANESE URGED TO SELL EYES TO PAY DEBTS The phone clls fiom the debt to smll businesses who re collector got incresingry more experiencing finncil difficulties Ymzki, smll business owner in Tokyo nd lso recentlythretened borrower. "Mybe in the western world this is different." And indeed it is. The United Sttes, for exmple, thretening. irst, the stndrd nd who cnnot rise money in other pressure: "You hve to come up with wys. Their methods give whole the money. Sell your house quickly... new mening to the idiomtrc sell your clothes nd ll your expression, "t'll cost you n rm nd outnumbers orgn dontions in Jpn belongings if necessry." But then: leg!" "Sell by 20 to l. kidney. You hve two. don't Aggressiue debt collection you? hs ortuntely Mny for of Mr our Mmoto, oolo^*:t: he :ntt uti"oy, u""n n unplesnr specr of found hve one. you the legl help cn ger he needed before $2g,000 for tt" ilurin"r, world but this new hving kidney. to resofi You cn get to selling off prts of $9.500 for n developmenthscusedoutrge.the his eyebll," body. He filed sid the the first debt collector. criminl on,ul" of body orgns is especilly tpe complint recordings ginst one of the of the clls. lrgest sensitive in Jpn, where people re lon shrk compnies in Jpn, By this time, the person receiving the often reluctnt to even ilow tire compny chrging interest rtes of 30 clls, Mr Mmoto, retired dontion of n orgn fter deth for to 40 per cent. Ntionl television hs metlworker, ws so frightened tht medicl purposes. brodcst the recorded telephone when he herd dogs brking, he.,we believe tht our bodies re threts repetedly in n ttempt to thought it ws debt collectors coming scred. i would never llow nyone fter him, his lwyer sid. to tke nytirlng wy from my body These 'shoko lon'firms lend money ded or live," sid Mr Hiroshi mke Jpnese citizens wre of the ruthless world of debt collection. Red the text gin nd nswer these questions: 1' ln the telcphone threts tht were mde, wht did the debt collector sy tht shows there hve bec'r other victims of these threts??. How did Mr Mmoro get proof of these threts? 3. Accorcli'g tr the rticle, lvhy re there so few orgn donors in Jpn? 4. Wliich idionrtic expression in the rticle mens ;very sxpgnslys'2 l'the c'lebt collector gve prices for certin orgns. Where ws he possibly geting those figurcs from? 7.)o you think people who oblect ro orgn dontion re beins seliish? ; { { il f l{ 4t l 'l 4 t.1. rl d J id d J J J fl 1 d A 1 J fl '( 18 The sle of humn orgns Tboos nd /ssues

40 Lnguge 1 Remember this idiomtic expression from the rticle, mening tht something is very expensive: t'll cost )tou Ltn drm dnd leg! Lots of expressions in English hve the word 'nd' in the middle. or exmple: s/f nd pepper. There re two things to know bout these expressions:. The order never chnges you never sy 'cost rr leg rrcl n rm.' 2. Thc words before rrd fter 'nd' re lmost rtlwrrvs the snre word clss 'rm' nd 'leg' re both nouns. Mtch the words below. The first one hs been done for you s n exmple. l. sick wit blck leps in this cly few fi rst think krng. nd ge b. nd hrd c. nd fr between d. nd bounds e. nd white f. nd foremost g. nd tired h. nd see Lnguge 2 Now put the expressions from the exercise opposite into the sentences below: 1.hd to think... before decided to becomc n orgn donor. 2. lt's mzing tht this is still controversil issue in this.. 3. t's complicted issue. Therc's no simple nswer. t's not 4. Mybe some dy people will chnge their ttitude towrds orgn dontion we'll just hve to 5.n some countries people who re willing to donte their orgns re 6. These re.. ethicl questions, not medicl questions. 7. inding n orgn donor used to be more difficult, but the sitution hs improved by 8. People re.. of being oushed round bv debt collectors. Answer these questions in pirs or smll groups: l. Do you think one dy doctors will be shopping for orgns on the internet? s there rrnythirrg wrong with selling orgns? 2. Would yorr mind hving your body cur up for thc ske of science fter you die? Woulcl vou plrt limit on wht they cn tke?.1. Wht woulcl vou tell person who is considering l'recorning n orgn donor? Wht worrld you sy to encollrge or cliscourge her/him? "This is the wctrst prt of the job huing to cler up dfter Rugby nterntionl!" 4. How do,vou feel borrt using niml orgns in humn beings? How bout rrsing monkey's hert? Wotrlcl you like the eyes of pig?.5. N'lny people don't hve the time or just cn't be bothered to get n orgn donor crd. Some countries wnt new system where doctors utomticlly hve permission to tke your orgns urrlcss vou hvc il crd which sys tht you re not n orgn donor. A system like this one could simplify:rnd speed things up t hospitls nd sve lives.'would you be in fvour of system like this? Tboos nd /ssues The sle of humn orgns 18

41 Work in pirs. Answer the questions below: How much do you know bout HV? 1. HtV infection cn be pssed on by which of the following mens:. heterosexul sexul intercourse b. homosexul sexul intercourse c. kissing d. using infected injection equipment ind out the correct nswers from your techer. 2. Mrk the following true (T) or flse ():. ADS nd HV re the sme thine. b. An HV tesl will show immedirely if someone is infected with HlV. c. Current tretment cn eliminte the HV infection in some people. A Note: Although you mdy still her the term ADS (Acquired mmune Deficiency syndrome) it is nr.t longer ttsed widely by doctors. Tbey prefey tct tlk'of uirrroge' or,dunced Hlv infection,. Before effectiue tretments, someone with iv lmost cert;intydrlrrtoprd.alds. This is no longer the cse. Reding Answer these questions with prtner. Then red the informtion below to find the nswers: 1. Which re of the world is mosr ffected by HV? 2. s there cure for HV? 3. Are more men or more women ffected by HV? 4. Which ge group is mosr ffected bv HV? 1. HV in the world There were 33.4 million people infected with HV round the world rn 1999: 22.5 million in sub_shrn Afric:i,6.7 million in South nd Southest Asi, i.4 million in Ltin Americ nd 0.2 million in the USA. There re bout 9,000 new infections ech dy 90"k of these in developing countries. More thn l4 million people hve lredy died of the disese, including 2.5 million in Tretment Although there is no ctul cure, drugs re now vilble which suppress thc progress ol HV infection nd mny sufferers cn live reltively long nd helthy lives. or most people with HlV, however, recent dvnces in tretment will hve little inrpct. The high cost of developing nd producing new drugs nd the lck of vilble money for helthcre in mny countries mke it unlikely tht new tretments will ever be widely vilble in the developing world. 3. Who is most ffected? Throughout the world, roughly equl numbers of men nd women re infected. But HV mostly ffects young dults nd people in erly middle ge. These re the people who rise the children, supporthe elderly nd build country,s economy. The loss of such people hs hd nd will continue to hve serious effect on the economies of some countries, prticulrly in some res of Afric. 4. Stopping the epidemic We could slow down the worlcjwide HV epidemic if everyone hd good informtion bout preventing infection, long with support from society to help them ct on this informtion. urthermore, ech new genertion of gy men needs to be mde wre of the risks of HlV. 5. Obstcles Sometimes, for religious, culturl or economtc resons/ it cn be difficult for people to use concjoms nd protect themselves nd their prtners. A womn who is economiclly oependent on mn my find it impossible to sk for slter ser. Women re most commonly infected through unprotected sex with their husbnds or long term prtners. Some governments do not ccept tht HV is problem for them t ll. A few ntionl leders even rleny tht some behviour hppens, sucn s sex between men or drug injecting. This cn mke it prticulrly difficult for people in those countries to be wre of nd void the risks. We must continue to fight prejudice nd increse understnding. Together we cn mke difference. Adpted fron,ljnderstnc!ing HtV infection nd AtDS,, Terrence Higgins Trust 19 ADS Tboos nd /ssues

42 t E 3 E f, il e e ;t ;l e e t fl t fl f, il f, il ir il ir il rt il it r il ll!r Red the text gin more crefully nd nswer these questions: l. Why do most people not receive new rretments for HV? 2. How does the spred of HV ffect country's economy? 3. Wht would help to slow down the spred of HV infection? 4. Wht fctors cn be unhelpful in preventing the spred of HV? Discuss the following questions in pirs or smll groups:.5. Wht is done in your country to help prevent the spred of HV? 6. Do you think more could be done? f so, wht? 7. Wht is the ttitude of most people towrds HV sufferers? 8. How could the lrge drug compnies do more to help? Lnguge 1 Red through the text gin nd find the verbs which go with the following nouns nd noun phrses. The first one hs been done for you. l. mdke little impct (pr 2) new drugs (2) new drugs (2) serious effect on (3) infection (4) wre of the risks (4) the risks (5) prejudice (5) understnding (5) difference (5) Now mtch the dverbs on the left with the djectives on the right: 11. widely. dependent on 12. roughly b. difficult 13. economiclly c. equl numbers 14. most commonly d. vilble 15. prticulrly e. infected Discuss these questions in pirs: Lnguge 2 Complete the summry below with the correct form of words from the previous exercise: Although reserch scientists hve (1).... nd (2).. mny new drugs to fight the HV infection. t the moment these tretments re only widely (3) in developed countries. n developing countries efforts to (4) infection rest on (5) understndingof the disese nd encourging people to (6) the risks of unprotected sex. The number of deths mong young people hs, in some countries, (7).....seriouseffect on the ntionl economy. t is vitl therefore to continue to (8). prejudice nd continue to (9) people wre of the risks of HV infection. l. Do you know nyone with HV? 2.lf friend of yours or member of your fmily ws infected with HV, would you tret them differently from the wy you do now? How fr do you gree or disgree with the following? 1. HV strtecl becuse of homosexulity. 2. Too much money is spent on reserch into HV. Cncer reserch is more importnt. 3. Developed countries only cre bout their own HV infected popultion. They re doing nothing to help the developing world. 4.lt is irresponsible of the Romn Ctholic church to sy tht people should not use condoms. Tboos nd /ssues 19

43 Telling lies Work in pirs. Choose one of the subjects below to tlk bout for two minutes. During the discussion try to tell one lie to your prtner. At the end of the discussion, tell your prtner wht you think he or she hs lied bout. : A! holidys schools work sport truel hobhy ls it possible to go through tife onty teiling the truth? Reding Red the rticle quickly. Decide whether these sentences re true (T) or flse (). 1. Lord Archer wenr ro school t Wellington College. 2. At one tirne he lost lot of money. 3. He wils involved with Drostitute. ARCHER GOES Jeffrey Archer pulled out yesterdy from the election to become myor of London fter dmitting tht he hd persuded friend to lie for him in court in He could now fce criminl chrges. This is, of course, not the first time tht Archer hs been economicl with the truth. Erly in his politicl creer the rumour spred tht he hd ttended the fmous Berkshire school, Wellington College. n fct, he hd studied t the fr more ordinry Wellington School in Somerset. t ws lso widely believed tht he hd studied for n MA t Oxford University. n relity, he took prt of postgrdute diplom course course for which he ws not qulified. Elected to Prliment in 1969, he ws sid to be the youngest MP ever. Not true. There is no doubting his bility ro mke money. By 1914 he hd lredy mde fbrtune in business, Red the rticle gin nd nswer these questions: l. Why did Archer resign in 974? 2.'Why did he resign in 1986? 3. Why did he tilke some newsppers ro courr? 4.Why did hc decicle nor ro srrnd s Myor of London? but vrious investment mistkes over number of yers ment he lost it ll nd ws left with huge debts. Resigning from Prliment, he strted writing to py bck wht he owed. His novels becme bestsellers nd hve erned him s much s f50 million over the yers. He returned to politics in 1985, but ws forced to resign yer lter following stories tht he hd sent f20oo to prostitute, Monic Coghln. Some newsppers suggested in their reports tht Archer hd hd sex with Ms Coghln. He took legl ction nd won libel dmges of f Jeffrey Archer becme Lord Archer in 1992 but questions over his finncil delings continue to this dy nd his bility to exggerte simple fcts seems not to hve diminished. So. will he survive this ltest scndl? Only time will rell, but Archer hs reputtion for being ble to bounce bck. 1. Should peoplc who hve been cught telling lie be bnned from holding public office? 2. Arc there :rny prrblic figures in your country who hve conrinued in public life despite quesrions rrbout their pirst? Who? Wht re they supposed to hve done? 20 Telling lies Tboos nd /ssues l t. A cl t +1 j '.1 c.4 U ; T j A q 4 4 ) 11 l tl 3 r.d ḍ { q A g A 1J g

44 Answer these questions on your own first. Then compre your nswers with prtner. Hve you ever lied bout ny of the following? 1. Your qulifictions in job ppliction 2. To your prents bout something importnt 3. Your gc 4. When friend sked to borrow some money frorn you 5. When being interviewed by the police 6. When you were lte for work or school 7. When giving someone your ddress or phone number 8. When you were going through customs 9. On n income tx form 10. Your slry Lnguge Look t this sentence from the text: Tbis is, of course, not the first time tht Archer hds been economicl with the truth. Being economicl with the truth is nother wy of sying lying. Below re some more wys of tlking bout lying nd dishonesty. Put the missing words bck into the expressions below: rnstlter teeth inch. He's lying through his b.l told him little white c. don't trust him n. d. Just give me stright e. He's pulling your. lie pck ltg f. He told us whole.... of lies. Now use the correct form of the verbs from the expressions in these sentences: 1. Jck told nre he'd hd dinner with Tony Blir. > And you believed him? think he ws. your leg. 2.1 sked him three times if he'd borrowed my \rvlkmn nd he wouldn't. me stright nswer. 3.'m sure Jim stole my wllet. He sys he never cme in the room but think he's throrrgh his teeth. 4. There's something bit strnge bout the new boss. > know don't. him n inch..5.'vc just found out tht Kthy hsn't been very honest. She's. me whole pck of lies. 6. ['m bsiclly very honest person, but suppose little white lie from time to time. Tell the truth! Work in pirs. Discuss wht you would do in these situtions: 1. t is beutiful sunny dy nd some of your friends, who re on holidy, hve decided to go for picnic. They sk you to go. Do you:. cll your boss nd sy you re ill? b, cll your boss nd sk for the dy off? c. tell your friends you hue to go to work? Or would you do something else? 2. When leving cr prk, you ccidentlly bump into the cr prked next to yours nd dmge it slightly. Do you:. leue note of pology on the windscreen with your nme nd ddress? b. wit for the other driuer to come bck? c. leue tbe cr prl< s quickly s possiblel Or would you do something else? 3. You re in the supermrket. You pick up box of eggs to put in your bsket nd drop it ccidentlly, breking some of the eggs. Do you:. put it bck on the shelfl b. buy it nywy! c. giue it to n ssistnt nd s1, you found it like thdt? Or would you do something else? 4. You py for something with {10 note but you re given chnge for {20. Do you:. giue bck the extr f"l0? b. keelt the extr f10 for yourself? c. l<ee1t the extr f10 but giue it to chrityl Or would you do something else? Tboos nd /ssues Telling lies

45 Abortion / c E Lnguge nd discussion Mtch the words on the left with the definitions on the right:. foetus 2. expecting 3. prolife 4. prochoicc. in fvour of womn's right to hve n bortion b. bby before it is born c. ginst bortion d. pregnnt Wht is the legl position in your country regrding bortion? Before you red the text, which of the following is closest to your own view of bortion?. :rm deeply, morlly ginst it. b.l don't see nything wrong with it. c. don'r feel strongly either wy. d. think it depends on individul circumstnces. Do you know of ny countries where bortion is illegl? Reding As you red bout this young womn's experience, try to nswer this question: \X/s her decision positiue one or one she regrets? ff fl ri tl.f f!.{i q A ;l E tt Why hd n bortion The reson hd n bortion ws becuse knew ws fr too young to hve bby it ws the wrong stge of life. could hve tken cre of bby becuse teengers do it ll the time. But bsiclly, didn't wnt bby. wnted to wit until ws mrried so tht my husbnd nd could give our bby ll the love nd cre it needed. don't think ws redy for ll the responsibilities of motherhood. There were so mny other things going on in my life t the time. lt wouldn't hve been fir to the bby if couldn't be there for it. There ws lso chnce my boyfriend nd would brek up nd the bby would grow up without fther. And it wsn't fir on my mother who would hve hd to help bring the child up. lso hd big plns to go wy to university to trin s nurse. knew tht would be virtully impossible with bbv. listened to mv hert nd fter lots nd lots of soulserching, knew bortion ws the right nswer for me. ( ifteenyerold gi rl) t: t d 3 J rt Ī : f d {f A tl d v Do you think the girl cted responsibly? Why / Why not? Here is the opinion of retired British doctor. She worked s doctor both while bortion ws illegl nd for bout 30 yers fter it ws leglised. "Before bortion ws mde legl, ll my collegues nd r were m fuour of it, but ouer the yedrs my uiews huechnged. think it showld still be legl, but young girls tody re using it s notber form of contrception. Tht is wrong nd it ws neuer the intention of the reformers tht this sbould hppen." How do you rect to the doctor's view? How do doctors in your country feel bout this issue? 4 v J g d v d n 4 4 t 21 Aborlion Tboos nd /ssues d q 1 5

46 Lnguge Look t the text gin nd mtch the resons the girl gives for hving the bortion: l.lwsfr 2. wnted to wit 3. don't think ws redy 4. There were so mny other things 5. t woulcln't hve been 6. t ws the wrong 7. Thc bby would grow up 8. t wsn't fir 9. lso hd big. without fther. b. plns to go wy to university. c. too young. d. going on in my life. e. until ws mrried. f. fir to the bby. g. for ll the responsibilities. h. stge of life. i. on my mother. Work in pirs. Do you think ny of the bove resons re good ones for hving n bortion? Wht bout the fther? Red this short rticle. Do you think the mn hs right to do wht he hs done? A ATHER'S RGHTS A mn hs successfully mnged to prevent becuse only one doctor ws consulted his tbrmer girlfriend from hving n borlion insted of two, nd other checks on the t lest fbr the time being. The clinic where physicl nd psychologicl stte of the the opertion ws due to tke plce greed womn hd not tken plce. Mr Curtis took yesterdy tht they would not continue with the legl ction becuse he is opposed to the procedure until further medicl enquiries bortion. His victory is only temporry, hd tken plce. Stephen Curtis, 24, took legl however, s there is nothing to stop the ction ginst the clinic, sying tht the womn going to nother clinic. He hopes to termintion ws ginsthe Abortion Act rules be ble to persude her to chnge her mind. Work in pirs or smll groups nd decide whether you gree or disgree with the sttements below: 1. t should be the womn's right to choose. Ultimtely, it's her body nd so it's her decision lone. 2. f you're mture enough to mke bby, then you're mture enough to tke cre of it. 3. A bby is still person even before it is trorn. 4. Abortion is for the irresponsible. 5. believe ll life is scred nd so bortion is criminl cr ro me. 6. With so mny other options, like doption, don't see why n bortion is ever necessry. 7. don't gree with lteterm bortions, but think the soclled 'morningfter pill' is bsiclly OK. 8. don't believe in bortion lws it's usully men who mke them. 9. f bortion is illegl, it only mens more bckstreet bortions will hppen nd tht is dngerous for thc women concerned. 10. Abortion is wrong nd should be stopped t ll costs, including bombing the clinics if necessry. One doctor from n bortion clinic ws shot lst month. He got wht he deserved. inlly, here re some rguments put forwrd by the Prolife Allince in the UK: Your life in your mother's womb strted dt conception. Your hert strted to bet 3 weeks fter conception. Your hrin wues could be detected t.\ weeks. Your orgns were ll formed dt 10 weeks. Your hering wds perfect dt 76 weeks. Ouer 180,000 bortions re performed in Britin ech yer. Abortion is the most common surgicl opertion in the UK. 97o/" re of hebhy bbies. 90"/o re for socil rther thn medicl resons. Wht is your rection to these rguments? Tboos nd /ssues 21

47 Ntionl stereotypes "Heven is where the police re British, the cooks re rench, the mechnics re Germn, the lovers re ltlin nd it's ll orgnised by the Swiss. Hell is where the police re Germn, the cooks re English, the mechnics re rench, the lovers re Swiss, nd it's ll orgnised by the ltlins." Discuss in pirs or smll groups: 1.Did you find the joke bove musing? f you did, is it becuse of wht you know bout these ntionlities personlly, or wht you know of their reputtions? 2. Would you like to chrnge the joke in some wy? Cn you improve it by chnging somc of rhe ntionlities or some of the jobs? 3. Do you hirve tourists from other countries where you live? \7hich ntionlities? Wht re they like? Reding Red this rticle nd underline nything tht surprises you or tht you think is not fir. BRAZLANS VOTED BEST TOURSTS, GERMANS WORST n recent survey conducted by the Americn Bord of Tourism, professionls in vrious res of the tourism industry hve rted Brzilins s the world's best tourists. The survey gve points for things like 'politeness,' 'willingness to understnd nd spek English' nd'culturl sensitivity.' People working in jobs rnging from txidrivers to hotel receptionists nd irline flight ttendnts lmost unnimously rted the Brzilins 'friendly'nd s being 'polite.' The opposite seemed true of the Germns. "The Germns just don't seem to get it," sid one mnger of hotel chin, bsed in New Orlens. "They're rude nd imptient yet they expect service with smile. They trvel outside Germny yet wnt to hve things just like t home. Plus, they never tip." The best tippers re the Jpnese, ccording to the survey. A trvel gent representtive explins: "The Jpnese re frid of 'losing fce'. They'll do wht they think is expected of them in the country they're visiting, so they're usully extremely polite. They rte very high in the culturl sensitivity ctegory." The rench scored extremely low in the 'willingness to understnd nd spek English' ctegory. "t's mzing. They cn be so rude nd snobby," sid ticket gent t Chicgo O'Hre nterntionl Airyort. "You try to explin things to them nd they nswer you bck in rench. Not only tht, they smoke too much even where it's not llowed nd they're generlly messy, leving cigrettes nd other rubbish on the floor. t's unbelievble." A summry of the Bord's survey is given below: riendliest ntionlities: Most polite: Willingness to understnd Most culturllynd spek English: sensitive: l. Brzilins 2. Jpnese 3. Korens 4. Cndins 5. Portuguese 1. Jpnese 2. Brzllins 3. British 4. Spnish 5. Korens l. Brzilins 2. Dutch 3. Swiss 4. Hungrins 5. Poles l. Brzilins 2. Jpnese 3. Romnins 4. Egyptins 5. Korens Discuss with your prtner wht you underlined in the text. 22 Ntionl stereotypes Tboos nd /ssues

48 True or flse? Red the text gin nd mrk the sttements below true (T) or flse (): l. People ll over the world think Brzilins re the best tourists. 2. The Jirpnese re often frid of doing or sying the wrong thing when trvelling. 3. The rench ilre generlly not very hppy to spek English. 4. The Gcrmns wnr to get rel feel for the locl lifestyle when they trvel. 5. Thc Germns re hppy to show their pprecition for good service. 6. The rench don't seem to be very tidy when they trvel. lf your ntionlity is not mentioned in the four ctegories in the survey, do you think it should be? Lnguge The rticle describes the Brzilins s 'polite'nd the Germns s 'rude.' Below re some more words from the rticle nd some other ones to describe chrcter. Mtch the words on the left with their opposites on the right: L politc e. quiet 2. friendly b. men 3. loud c. rude 4. generous d. unfriendly 5. openminded e. messy 6. ticly f. intolernt Do the sme with these: 7. honest 8. gentle 9. ptient 10. fun 1 l. excitble 12. distnt g. imptient h. wrm i. boring j. dishonest k. ggressive l. clm How do you think people from other countries see people from your country? Would they use ny of the djectives bove? Work in pirs or smll groups. Which ntionlities do you think re being described below? 1. They're lwys in big groups. 2. They tlk too loud. 3. The men xre womnisers. 4. They're good dncers. 5. They smoke too much. 6. They're ll ft. 7. They think they're the best. 8. They're violent peoplc, think. 9. They're so men. They cor.rnt every penny. 10. They tlk with their hnds. l. They're bd drivers. 12. They're ll rich. 13. They lwys wnt things done their wy. 14. The women re beutiful. 15. They're ll blondehired nd blueeyed. Do you think your discussion would hve offended people from ny of the countries you hve been tlking bout? Do you mind if your country is tlked bout in the sme wy? Tboos nd /ssues Ntionlstereotypes 22

49 Cheting on your prtner Work in pirs or smll groups. Which of the following do you consider to be cheting? 1. Your prtner flirting with nother person. 2. Your prtner hving fntsies bout friend of yours. 3. Your prtner hving fntsies bout celebrity. 4. Your prtner kissing nother person fter few drinks t prty. 5. Your prtner going to bed with nother person fter fcw drinks t prty. 6. Your prtner frequently hving coffee with nother person nd shring intimte thoughts nd drems with this person. Wht do you think of internet chtrooms? Are they just fntsy or re they prt relity? Reding Red the rticle nd nswer this question: tmould you stdy with your husbnd/wife/prtner if this hppened to you? CYBERCHEATS BEWARE Soon fter getting the computer, Jennifer's husbnd, Simon, (not their rel nmes) strted using the internet nightly. At first, she didn't worry. But soon he ws spending more nd more time in the home office, sitting t his computer long into the night. He stopped coming to bed with her nd sometimes would even sleep on the office sof. A few times sne even cught him sneking silently out of their bed in the middle of the night to go to the office computer. At first she thought he ws simply ddicted to the internet or even browsing through online pornogrphy. But when Simon strted turning down sex, Jennifer got suspicious. "He'd never not wnted to hve sex before," sys "Tht Jennifer. ws new thing. And didn't think it ws becuse he ws up ll night visiting news sites. knew something ws wrong." With suspicions on full lert she strted going through Simon's drwers nd trouser pockets. She found nothing. Then she went to the computer, looked through his files nd found the nswer: Simon ws hving n emil ffir with womn in nother prt of the country. "l ws devstted," she dmits. "l never imgined my husbnd would ever chet on me." But is'cybercheting' still cheting? "Yes, definitely," sys one mrrige guidnce counsellor. "rom psychologicl point of view, it doesn't mtter if it ws rel or imgined in both cses the mrrige hs been dmged in the sme wy." Not ll professionls in the field of fmily psychology gree. "lt's ridiculous nd dngerous to try nd monitor the thoughts nd fntsies of your prtner," wrns one psychologist. "We re bombrded with imges of ttrctive people by the medi on dily bsis. lt's imoossible not to fntsise. The internet is plce for people to crry out those fntsies in sfe nd unhrmful wy. lf, s result, there is crisis in the mrrige following n episode of internet infidelity, then it is only symptom of something tht ws lredy wrong in the reltionship, nd not necessrily direct result of the cyber ffir." This is, of course, of no comfort to Jennifer, who is filing for divorce. "l ctully sw the intimte things he wrote to her. He relly hurt me nd know tht will never be ble to trust him sin." 23 Cheting on your prtner Tboos nd /ssues

50 True or flse? Red the text gin nd mrk the following sttements true (T) or flse (): l.jennifer got suspicious becuse Simon strted coming home lte. 2. Jenrrifer discovered Simon's internet ffir by ccident. 3. Psychologists gree tht n internet ffir is dmging to ny reltionship. 4. Jennifer nd Simon re divorcing. 5.Jennifer knows wht Simon nd his lover'sid'to ech other. Did Simon chet on Jennifer? Discuss this question in smll groups. Then tke clss vote. Lnguge ln English we often use expressions to describe serious or tboo mtters in n indirect wy. These expressions re clled 'euphemisms.'ln the text below, underline the five euphemisms tht relly men to hve sex with someone. "l've lwys been more or less fithful to my girlfriend. OK, OK, once hd onenight stnd with girl t the office. But we were both drunk. 'm not the kind of guy to sleep round. men, kissing nother person is one thing, but ctully going to bed with them is nother story. don't know how could look myself in the mirror knowing hd been intimte with nother womn. The sme goes for my girlfriend. f knew she hd been with nother mn, couldn't let the reltionship go on. A very importnt trust would hve been broken." lf you re mn, do you hve similr view to the mn bove? lf you re womn, would you be hppy to hve this mn s your prtner or not? Give your resons. You nd your prtner, Chris, live together. One night you come home nd find the following ccidentlly left on the computer: <<Chris>> relly love chtting with you. <<Lonely>> Me too. When re you going to send me your picture? <<Chris>> 'll hve to scn one. 'm not very photogenic. <<Lonely>> t doesn't mtter. like you for you. You mke me feel specil. <<Chris>> Yeh, you mke me feel specil, too. hd drem bout you lst night. <<Lonely>> You did? Wht bout? <<Chris>> Hmmm. think 'd better not sy. Wht would you do next?. sit down t the computer nd see if there re more emils like this? b. confront your prtner strightwy? c. give them 'the silent tretment' until they sk wht is wrong? d. pck your bgs nd leve? e. hve good lugh bout it nd tell your prtner to grow up? Or would you do something else? Does this emil interction tell you nything bout the stte of your reltionship with Chris? Wht bout the stte of this internet reltionship? (How serious is it? How long hs it probbly been going on?) Tboos nd /ssues Cheting on your pftner 23

51 Are you hppy with your body? You bump into womn friend in town. You knew she ws thinking of hving brest implnts nd you cn see tht she hs obviously hd the opertion. Wht do you sy to her? rl. Nothing. t's too embrrssing. b. "\7ow. Those look gret! How much did they cost?" c. "Wow. 'n"r surprised you cn stnd up stright!" d. Something else. ls plstic surgery populr in your country? ls it expensive? Do you think people who hve plstic surgery re too concerned bout their looks? Reding Red through the rticle nd nswer this question: s there tt similr trend in your country? YOUNGER PLASTC SURGERY PATENTS Surgeons t clinics specilising in plstic surgery re reporting incresingly younger ptients, ccording to report relesed recently by the Ntionl Assocition of Plstic Surgery in the United Sttes. "They wnt to look like the people they see in films or the models they see in mgzines. t's becoming n obsession," sid one doctor in beuty clinic in Cliforni. "Lst week we hd womn in here who, t 30, sid she ws looking too old nd wnted fcelift. told her to come bck nd see me in 15 yers." The verge ge for ptients undergoing plstic surgery over the lst yer ws 32, down from 34 just the yer before. n Englnd recently, 15 yerold girl ws in the news for nnouncing tht her prents were going to py for brest enlrgements s her 16th birthdy present. Her mother sid, "f it mkes her hppy nd gives her more chnce of success in life, then wht is the problem?" Though women still dominte the plstic surgery scene, men re growing incresingly concerned with their physicl ppernce nd re doing something bout it. According to the report, men now mke tp 39V of ll surgeries performed tht's n increse of nerly 20Vo from lst yer. One mn, who wished to remin nonymous, sid he got his liposuction removl of excess ft fter pressure from his wife. "She's very thletic womn nd, well, enjoy good stek." Liposuction tops the list of plstic surgery performed on men, followed by hir implnts nd brest reduction. or women the top order is still brest enlrgement, followed by liposuction nd fcelifts. Red through the rticle gin nd nswer these questions: l. Why rc younger people turning to plstic surgery? 2. Why did the cloctor refuse plstic surgery to one ptienr? 3. Why is plstic surgery now more populr with men? 4. Whv clid thc mn hve liposuction? Do you think the number of men who wnt plstic surgery will eventully equl, or even surpss, the number of women? Red gin wht the mother of the 1Syerold girl sid. Do you gree with her? 24 Are you hppy with your body? Tboos nd /ssues

52 Lnguge Mtch these types of plstic surgery solutions to the problems below: brest enlrgement bir impldnt rhinoplsty (nose job) uricose uein remctudl fcelift tummy tuck 1. "This thing on my fce is n trocity. 'm surprised birds don't sit on it or tht lightning doesn't strike it in thunderstorms." 2. "1 hirte them. cn't wer shorts or bikini becuse they stick olrt, especilly on the bck of my tlrighs. They're the ugliest things 've ever seen nd they're getting worse every yer bccusc hvc bd circultion." 3. "l strted receding relly bdly t the ge of 23. My wife sys she doesn't mind, but hte it. meirn, 'm not completely bld or nything, but constntly wer hts nd bsebll cps becirusc 'm so selfconscious bout it. could ncvcr wcr wlg. 4. "l hte being fltchested. The boys t school used to cll me 'ironingbord'. mgine! think hve pretty fce but don't feel confident bout myself from the chin down. would like to feel good bout wering tight sweter or lowcut dress." 5. "l used to hve such youthful, vibrntlooking fce. Now my skin just sgs. think look twice my ge." 6. "No mtter wht do, my belly sticks out. think it hs something to do with my posturc. f could just get flt stomch, wouldn't feel so bd bout looking t myself sidewys in the mirror." Which of the bove tretments re most populr in your country? Are there ny other ones tht were not mentioned? lf you hd the problems bove nd plenty of money, would you hve the surgery? Tell your prtner wht you would do for ech problem. ln survey of 37,500 girls ged 12 to 15, more thn hlf listed ppernce s their biggest worry. Wht do you think is the reson for this? ls it worrying sttistic? Are you hppy with your size nd weight? ls there prt of your body tht you would like to chnge (i.e. mke smller, mke bigger)? Here is n lterntive point of view from culture where people tke different view of size: "l must et so l'll be ft nd people won't lugh t my figure," explins one of the women in fttening room in Clbr, Southern Nigeri. "Nobody will mrry me if don't get ftter." Women come from ll over Nigeri to put on extr pounds t these fttening rooms. "We cn mke ny womn obese," bosts the owner. "They will get husbnd fter their sty here, no problem." The women et ll dy nd void moving so they don't burn off ny clories. "lt's bit tiring eting ll the time, but know when lcome out lwill be ttrctive, helthv nd beutiful," sid the womn we spoke to. Do you think it will be fshionble to be ft one dy? Tboos nd /ssues Are you hppy with your body?

53 lmmigrtion nd rcism Discuss these questions in smll groups: 1. Wht different ethnic groups re there in your 2. \Where town / regloni h:rve they come from nd why? 3. Does your country offer help to refugees? f so, re you hppy tht your txes help to support them? Reding Red the rticle nd decide if these sentences re true (T) or flse (): 1. The villgers don't mind tht the refugees re living nerby. 2. tittle Hurling ws the only plce the refugees could go. ASYLUM SEEKERS meeting in the villge hll. "We re tolernt group of people in Little Hurling," sid Mjor Ronld Smythe, who hs lived in the villge for 25 yers. "We re hppy tht the government hs offered ssistnce to these people nd provided ccommodtion for Bsil Llog, spokesmn for the refugees, sid: " m sure the villgers re not discriminting ginst these villgers will welcome them people. Most of them hve come here s genuine sylum seekers. They re frid tht There ws trouble yesterdy them. But Little Hurling is if they return home, they will in the villge of Little Hurling in Kent s 150 Kosovr refugees rrived to not the plce they should be. t would be better if they were in lrge town or city." be killed or persecuted. After the terrible time they hve hd in their own country, they sty in the Hurling Business Amnd PrkerWhite, 52, need some pece nd quiet to Centre just outside the leder of the villge help them recover." villge. Locl people, upset committee, sid: is no "Unfortuntely, there ws no tht no one hd spoken to entertinment here, no time to tlk to the villgers", them before sending the refugees there, held protest cinem, no librry, nd only one smll villge shop. The sid Kim Thompson of the government's Refugee Action point is: wht re these Group. "We only found out people going to do?" the refugees were rriving this morning nd there ws nowhere else for them to go. We very much hope the nd ccept them into the community." Red the rticle gin nd nswer these questions: 1.Vhy do the villgers think Little Hurling is nor good plce for refugees? 2. Why might it be good plce for refugees, ccording to Bsil Llog? 3. Why did nobody tlk to the villgers first? 1. Do you think the villgers re being honest bout their resons for wnting the refugees elsewhere? f not, wht do you think the rel resons re? 2. How do you think the villgers in smll villge in your country would rect i{ 150 refugees were sent to live nerby? 3. How would you personlly rect? lmmigrtion nd rcism Tboos nd /ssues

54 r l f.f l tr fh ' H r hl ts Ll rl r bf hl +. l rf +r l Ll Lnguge 1 Mtch the words on the left with the words on the right: 1 sylr"rm 2. border 3. cconotnic 4. illegl 5. irnmigrtion Complete this text exercise bove: olkrwing the discovery of fifty (6) in the bck of lorry t Clis,vesterdy, thc government hs ordered stricter secr.rrity t (7). nd hs wrned(8)......tobe vigilnt. "Sfe ilre very willing to help genuine (9)......,"sid govcrnment ministeq "but these people re just (10).....\we cnnot llolv just nyone into the country'". migrnts b. immigrnts c. controls d. officils e. seekers with expressions from the Lnguge 2 Now look t this sentence from the text: The point is: wbt re tbese people going to do? Look t these other expressions with point. Decide if you would use them to gree (A)' to disgree (D) or to prtilly gree (P). l. Yes, see your point. 2. tke your point but gree up to e point. 4. Tht's good point. 5. No, you're missing the point. 6. Tht's not the point. 7. cn't see your point t ll. 8. Thr's exctly the point. Work in pirs. To wht extent do you gree or disgree with the points of view below? The expressions in Lnguge 2 my be helpful. H E t l dctn't see tt,hy my txes should supl)ort people irctttr otber countries. 'll nerer gct nl,thing from their country, uill? 'We shctuld be proud tht sct mny lteople would like to liue in our country. don't mind the refugees. Tbey relly need help, but don't see wby we sh<tuld let nyone else into the crnntry, thougb. rr. l i. l f. l l l f t E 1 E t There dren't enctttgh iobs f,tr lotdl pcoltlc;s i/ ls. 'We cttrt't hdt,e people front otber corrntries tking our jobs. A lot ctf these refugees re Muslims. Wouldn't it be hetter if tbel' u'sny 7. t Muslim country where they u'olrld feel more t home? Wdre lredy doing enougb in this country. \X/hy cn't other countries dct more? Asylum seekers dre sylum seekers. They re desperte women, men nd children. You neuer know ue could be in their situticttt one dy. V/e hue lots of menidl johs tht no one udnts to do. We need immigrnts to come nd do this w<trk. Let them come, sy. boos nd /ssues lmmigrtion nd rcism 25

55 Chnging sex Lnguge nd discussion Put words from the list into the digrm below, ccording to whether you think these chrcter trits re predominntly mle, or femle, or both mle nd femle. Use dictionry if necessry. pttssionte reckless prcticl rttl,sterious emotionl logicl relible rlct'iotts strightforwrd sympthetic louing senslttue tlktiue efficient gsressrue mniltultiue intuitiue Tlk bout your choices in smll groups. or exmpl e: "women tend to be more sensitiye thn men.,, (Notice 'tend to' mkes your sttement less definite.) Reding Red the rticle below nd nswer these questions: l. Why wrs Lisir Jones bnned from the pub? 2. \fill she go bck to the pub now? LANDLORD PAYS OUT OVER TRANSSEXUAL BAN The British pub lndlord hs who hs been living s femle come for." After the bn. Jones lwys hd the right to choose for the lst lg months, hcl never took the lndlord to court on who he serves drinks to. But tht gone to the Jcob's well s the grounds of sexul right my hve ended yesterdy mn but strted going recentry discrimintion. Mr Woodhed when Dvid Woodheid,lndlord with triend. settled out of court, pying Jones of the Jcob's Well pub in Afier her first ppernce. f 1000 compenstion nd giving Honley, West Yorkshire, decided customers begn to feel her letter of pology nd n to remove his bn on customer uncomfortble bout shring invittion to return to the pub. Lis Jones rther thn fce converstions with her. women Yesterdy Ms Jones sid the court cse nd chrges o1' sexul customers in prticulr were decision ws "brillint" but she discliminltion. unhppy tht she ws using the would not be returning to the Mr Woodhed hd bnned Ms lclies' toilet. Although living s pub. "l know 'm tll," she sid, Jones. trnssexul, becuse she womn, she hs not hd sex "nd my voice is not s feminine mde his regulr customers feel chnge opertion. s it should be. but hdn't done uncomfortble s they st t the Mr wooclhed sid, "l hd to do nything to upset the regulrs. br of his smll villge pub. 43 something. My job is ro mke 've never f'elt so insulted." yerold Ms Jones. 182 sure tht the mjority of the cc'ntimetretll fther of two, customers enioy wht thev hve Chnging sex Tboos nd /ssues

56 True or flse? Mrk these sentences true (T) or flse (): 1. Lis Jones hs been going to the Jcob's'Well since she ws Ms.Jones mde both the men nd women customers feel uncomfortble. 3. Ms f orres cloes not sound like womn. Discuss these questions in pirs or groups: l. Ws the lndlord right to bn Lis Jones? Why? 'Sfhy not? 2.lf you were regulr customer, how would you hve felt bout Ms Jones being in the pub? 3. Do l.or.r think it mkes ny difference tht Ms Jones hs not hd sex chnge opertion? Lnguge The words below will help you in the discussion tht follows. You cn use them to describe how you might feel or rect in prticulr sitution. Check ny words you do not know in your dictionry. plcsed ttnconcerned understnding supportiue sympthetic unbrrdssed shocked wkurd uncomfortble upset concerned ngty intrigued indignnt worried Work in pirs. Discuss how you would feel nd wht you would do in the following situtions. The words bove my help you. l. A close friend is bout to get mrried. You hve met their finc6(e) nd like them very much. A week before the wedding your friend tclls you (s)he is ctully mrrying trirnssexul. ('\Wtuld it mke ny difference if your friend is ct tndn mrrying trnssexudl womn or ruonlon mrrying d trdnssexul mn?) 2. You re sitting in br t tble on your own. A womn comes nd sits t the sme tble nd,volr strt chtting. After while you notice tht shc hs very big hnds, rther deep voice nd obviously shves. 4. You hve been out few times with member of the opposite sex. You hve seen couple of films together nd been out for drinks few times. You get on very well nd find this person quite ttrctive. You go out for dinner together one evening nd (s)he tells you tht (s)he is trnssexul. 5. You hve offered n importnt iob in your compny to wellqulified womn who performed very well t interview. She ccepts the job nd t the sme time she sys: "Perhps should tell you tht until three yers go ws mn.".1. One of your friends is hving prty. She rings yolr up nd tells you tht ll the men hve to clress s woffren rrd ll the women hve to dress its men. 6. Your best friend suddenly tells you tht (s)he is going to hve sex chnge opertion. This is complete surprise s your friend hs never told you of ny worries bout gender identity. Trnssexulity, gender nd sex: Although the terms re often considered interchngel:le, gender nd ssrc firc ve ry diffcrent things. Sex is physicl; gender is prt of your identity. A trnssexul is someone whosc phvsicl ser is in opposition to their gender identity so, for exmple, someone who hs mle body cn sy "l feel m womn". A common tretment for this condition is to chnge the person's ph;sicl ser by n opertion nd hormone tretment. Tboos nd /ssues Chnging sex

57 ls this news? i! Look t two people's opinions on television news. which person do you most "The gree with? public hs right to know wht's hppening. think they should nor cur our nyrhing. pcople rrc mture enough to tke in the relity of wht hppens in the world every "TV dy.,, news sometimes seems more like show. They wnt bigger udience so they shgw shocking provocirtive or imges. TV news shorrld report rhe news, not try io shock people.,, Cn you think of recent exmple of something senstionl ppering on the news? Reding Red the letter nd nswer this question: Does the wrirer hve point or is (s)he berng roo sensitive? TO THE PRODUCER(S) AT CHANNET S Der Sirs, must sy tht ws shocked nd outrged by your brodcst of the imges of the Concorde crsh lst week. ws it relly necessry to show the plne ctully going down? This ws primetime television. Did it not occur to you ih"t there re children wtching t B o'clock in the evening? My 7yerold little girl didn,t sleep for three nights! The imges still hunt me now s they will for long time, m sure. How dre you trumtise people,s lives like tht! m responsible prent who believes tht it is the job of news gencies to report the news without showing unnecessrily senstionl or grphic imges simply to ttrct viewers. The terrible things tht hppen in the world re not ment to be used s entertinment nor to increse your rtings. You cn be sure tht will no longer be wtching your television news brodcst nd will be encourging ll my friends nd rertives to boycott it too. Yours fithfully, Chris Hle t' which one of the fctors below do you think most motivted the prent to write the letter? The time of the brctdcst. The fct tht tbe imges showed people dying. The fct tht children were wtchins. The fct tht the imges *rr,,rrrrrrrory. Tbe srspicion tht tbe imges were used to imltroue the sttion,s rd tr 110 < 2. would the sirme fctor hve motivted you to write lerter? 3. Do you gree with the prent? \fhylwhy not? 4. Do yo, think lemer like this one would hve ny effect on the producers of the news progrmmc? 5. Do yorr think the prent who wrore the letter is fther or mother? Why? 27 ls this news? Tboos nd /ssues

58 Work in groups of three or four. You re tem of news editors t ntionl television sttion. The news progrmme is brodcst during prime time when children will be wtching. Look t tody's possible stories nd decide together whether the imges should be brodcst or not. lf they cnnot be brodcst t prime time, could they be shown in the lte news, or should the film clips be censored completely? 1. Protest: imges of protesters nd ctivists 7. Specil report on drinking nd driving: film being excessively beten by police. clips of the scene of serious ccidents cused. by drunken drivers, including imges of ded 2. shion show: hot fshion designer, Roberto bodies nd fmilies of the victims. Nudo, shows his new line of trnsprent evening wer most of the models' bodies cn 8. Bnk robbery cught on film: policemn shot be seen lmost s if they were wering ded. The cmer shows pool of blood on norhing. the floor of the bnk next to the body. 3. Report on violence in films: exmples of 9. Middle Est conflict: child shot ded when violent scenes from current blockbuster cught in crossfire between sreli nd movies which hve been criticised for hving Plestinin soldiers pictures of the ded roo much violence. child being crried by his fther nd mother. 4. Suicide: reltively unknown politicin commits suicide by shooting himself in the hed ll cught on film. 5. Wr: fighting breks out in sensitive region of the world, grphic imges of csulties on both sides. 6. Prison riot: riot erupts in lrge overcrowded prison; imges include the decepittion of three inmtes. 10.rek wether: lrge wve drgs ten people into the se cught on homevideo. 11.Report on the sfety of the met trde: scenes showing pigs, cows nd sheep being slughtered in bttoirs. 12.ce hockey: plyer is left blind in one eye fter n ttck by nother plyer. The slowmotion cmer shows exctly how it hppened in grphic detil. Report your decisions to the clss. Lnguge Complete these expressions with words from bove:. excessively... bypolice b. reltively... politicin c. fighting...out d. sensitive... of theworld e. lrge...prison f.... clins g. shot h. cught in... i. frek j. the met. k. left... in one eye l. in...detil Which countries tody hve censorship of the press nd television? Why? Hs your country ever hd censorship? When? Why? Do you think the internet will mke censorship thing of the pst? Tboos nd /ssues ls this news? 27

59 Reding The right to die Work in pirs. Mtch these words to the definitions below: st,ticide murder mnslughter euthnsi l Thepinless killing of ptient who is suffering from n incurbrend pinful disese. 2. Thc ction of killing oneself delibertely. 3. Thc illegl, deliberte killing of humn being. 4. The crime of killing person illeglly bur nor intentionlly. Whichof these re crimes in your country? Do you gree with the lw s it is t the moment? t 1 n pirs or smll groups' red the following situtions nd discuss the questions below ech one:.l. Aln Jones, ged 78, hd second stroke three weeks go. He hs severe brin dmge nd his condition is getting worse. At the request of his dughter, nurse stops giving him oxygen until his he.rrt stops. The nurse then strts giving oxygen gin. People think tht Mr Jones diecj nturlly. L;rter, Mr jones'dughter tells friend wht hppened. The friencl is mrried to police officer. As result, the police chrge the nurse with murder. Do you feel tht the nurse hs committed crime? Do you feel tht the dughter hs committed crime? Wht punishments, if ny, should be given? 3. Antoni jmes, ged 24, suffered severe, irreversible brin dmge in rod ccident six weeks go ncl hs not regined consciousness. She is brething on her own but being fed through tube. Her prents feel tht Antoni's existence is no more thn living nightmre. They wnt the doctor to stop feeding her so tht she will die nd they cn bury her. The doctor refuses, sying tht food nd fluids re nor 'medicl tretment,bu the bsic necessities of life. Who do you feel is right the doctor or the prents? Who should mke this decision Antoni,s prents? The doctors? A court of lw? 2. Eightysevenyerold Alice Weller broke her hip yer go. She ws tken to hospitl where, during n opertton to repir her hip, her hert stopped. Although resuscitted, she hd severe brin dmge nd the doctors felt tht she hd lost conscrousness totlly nd permnently. They therefore wished to switch ott her lifesupport mchine. Mrs Weller,s fnrily, however, objectecl strongly, sying tht she ws extremely religious nd felt tht only Cod hcj the right to rke life wy. Wht do you think the doctors should do? Do you think Mrs Weller,s fmily hve the right to keep her live? 4. Mike O'Brien, ged 58, hs terminl cncer. He is no longer ble to live norml life nd is often in gret pin. He hs lwys sid tht when this hppened, he would tke his own life. However, ne is now so wek tht he cnnot open the bottles of pills he wnts to tke. His son opens the bottle for him. Mike tkes the pills nd dies pecefully. The doctor is surprised t Mike,s sudden deth, relises wht hs hppened nd informs the police. The police rresthe son for helping his fther to commit su ic ide. ls the doctor right to inform the police? ls the son guilty of committing crime? with prtner consider ech ptient in the situtions bove. wht would you wnr Would yolr to hppen wnr to you? to die if you hd similr condition? Now consic'ler the fmily members in ech sitution. rfould you hve done the sme rhing? 28 The right to die Tboosnd /ssues

60 Life nd deth Look t these phrses from the texts: He is no longer ble to live norml life, The doctor is surprised t Mike's sudden deth. Add /ife or deth to the following words. ive cn use both. 1. busy 2. n exciting.1. horrible 4. instnt 5. nturl 6. peceful 7. premturc 8. full 9. lorrely Look gin t the 5 expressions which tke both life nd deth. Discuss the difference in mening between them. or exmple, horrible life nd horrible deth. 10. vried 11. sudden 12. trgic 13. long 14. hrd 15. n unexpected 16. rewrding 17. slow 18. violent Discuss the following questions in pirs or smll groups: 1. A mn hs been in prison for murder for 30 ycrs :rnd will remin there for the rest of his life. Hc refuses to et nd sys tht he wnts to die. Should he be llowed to die? 2. The wife of close friend hs died recently. Your friend hs been terribly upset since her deiltlr. n converstion with him you begin to suspectht he is thinking of tking his own life. \7ht would you do? 3. A close friend is in hospitl suffering from n incurble disese nd in lot of pin. He sks you to bring him in some pills from his home so tht he cn end his life with dignity. \ilht would you do? 4. A womn terrorist ws found guilty of plnting bomb which killed 20 people. She hs been sent to prison for 20 yers. She now refuses to et nd sys tht she is not guilty. Should she be llowed to die or should she be kept live? 5. You re stying in hotel with rooftop swimming pool. You go up to the pool one morning nd find womn stnding on top of the wll round the outside of the building, bout to jump off. Wht would you do? 6. You re 85. You re strting to suffer from senile dementi. You wtched your fther die horrible deth from the sme thing. Are you going to suffer in the sme wy or...? Work in pirs or smll groups. Red the text nd discuss the questions below: n British lw, person hs the right to refuse tretment, provided he or she is fully competent to mke tht decision. f ptient is not ble to sk for or refuse tretment (becuse, for exmple, they re unconscious) then doctor cn decide not to give tretment. f doctor decides to do this. it is sood medicl orctice to consult the ptient's reltives. 1. Do you feel these lws re resonble? 2. Are they the sme in your country? our types of euthnsi Suicide: killing yourself. n the UK it is illegl to help someone commit suicide. Voluntry euthnsi: when someone sks to die. They my not be ble to commit suicide so they need help or thev my not be ble to sk to die, but they hve left instructions. nvoluntry euthnsi: This is when someone hs not ctully sked to die. However, they re killed so tht thev do not hve to suffer ny more. Nonvoluntry euthnsi: killing someone who is not ble to sk to live or die. or exrnple, they nrieht be in longternr com. boos nd /ssues The right to die

61 Old enough to be her grndfther! Which of these reltionships do you think re OK? Discuss in smll groups: 1. A 25yerold rnn with 4Oyerold womn. 2. A 17yerold mn with 4Oyerold womn. 3. A 40yerold mn with 17yerold womn. 4. An 80yerold mn with n 18yerold womn. Do you know nyone in reltionship with much older or younger person? Cn you think of ny fmous people in reltionship like this? Reding Red this letter to 'Beth's dvice column' in mgzine. Decide wht dvice you would give before reding the reply. ber. Be,tk, l'm otlig to,t/" l* ry &tice et n7lf,j/roz' rlt ek/uhlp. /l4r/ lll"er tt 58 fr.,ut ou t4/ /4e/td id tt4rr,tbl fi4l*tt uro.ln*t o/ l 'l/i't nen'wt ru1 'te@l i4 W t/tc,*t. ne! S/.,p (f/r loo re lfrt /""tt. l4? f"f/"")r tez,*tt to le /4ff4 rrrij/. /oel, l^j t'ru d"r,w l/,l lp'd. itj "nil" /r"t" 1p4 t/n rurztt. 147 ljj"rrl tt uz1 utee/j/4r/ tr., / t dot4'l f/"irr./" /n cc, 4pp /4,u tdlry lh,r.l twttnn 4"lf,f tt. cc,n'l i,or,tt l,/h/4 rlj ilr ""ra do,"f/rjr4q. M4J d/4uld t lo? eure'ted Su 4 Now red the reply. Do you gree with the dvice? Set eue'znex, 8u' 'l/u /.nr/d eeutl frr? k 1* /r..ln4tl lorr r/n/, /pl/r"rl. J/n /r*t o c/'t't"p / ncrn 1+ "t il llid. "rotnr,n /44il,uq /ti.t ttt]rp l/* /tl *1trffiffiffi*ffiiltp4'4't tz4lltuhl o/ wrc,n kicp /4er r.?".,4ra fn,f t4of h ilrir"/. "1, b ^,7n.n'tlzqz*thet' /tl opte ll/n o on rr rn"rolten l l/* l,44r/,?. 7rr/ tuwlit lptt /4/,1nr:n2 ttote il4.r4jr,ltl /ph l/r.tt *t",r.rt ot"ne ol dd4'lt or/.prtnttot ilnf t1u.rtt.lpt/r"r, /,nt i,n /"tl lr/p. BeJh Who do you side with the son or the fther? True or flse? Write true (T) or flse () fter ech sttement below: 1. The mrrige is firly new one. 2. The son hs evidence tht his fther's wife is fter his money. 3. Beth is in fvour of giving the mrrige chnce. 4. Beth is generlly ginst mrriges in which one person is much older thn the other. 29 Od enough to be her grndfther! boos nd /ssues { 1 q { q d hf 'l,1 '1 A rf

62 Lnguge 1 There re mny different types of reltionship. Which of the following colloctions could you use to describe the reltionship you red bout erlier?. rt crtsull rel:trionship?. rrn ertrmritl reltiorrship 3. brrsiness rcltionship 4. ir doomed reltionship 5. pltonic reltionship 6. romrrntic reltionship 7. scrurrl rclirriorrship 8. lovehte reltionship Mtch three of the expressions bove with the following menings: rr. reltionship between mrried mn nd somcone not his wife b. reltiorrship with no future, which is going nowhere c. close rcltionship between two friends, which is not sexurrl Lnguge 2 Look t this sentence from the second letter: Just becuse she's young, it doesn't men they hdue nothing rn common. Mtch the two hlves of these sentences: 1. Just becuse he's rich, 2.Just becuse she didn't go to university, 3. Jusr becuse he's got nice cr. 4. Just becuse he's 70, 5.Just becuse you don't like her, 6. Just becuse her lst husbnd died in very suspicious circuntstrtces,. it doesn't men he's rich. b. it doesn't men he's too old to get mrried. c. it doesn't men she's fter his money. d. it doesn't men she's less intelligent. e. it doesn't men the sme thing will hppen to your dd. f. it doesn't men you hve to be unplesnto her. Discuss the following question in pirs: Would you be concerned if one of your prents remrried somebody twenty yers younger? Use the expressions below to help you. Well, it wor.rld be OK s long s... 'nr totlly girinst... 'm ll for... think it ll depends on... Now work in pirs or smll groups nd discuss your nswers to the following: 1. At wht ge do you consider someone is old enough to: begin going out with boyfriend / girlfriend? hve sex? g,et mrried? hve children? At wht ge re people too old for the ctivities bove, in your opinion? 2. ls it generlly better if people go out with people of similr ge? Why? Why not? 3. Wht dvntges cn there be for young mn to hve reltionship with n older womn? Any disdvntges? Wht dvntges cn there be for younger womn to see n older mn? Any disdvntges? 4. Look t this personl dvertisement from newspper: Looking for fun? Hi, l'm 24 yers old, 5'1O",115lbs. l'm model, very fit, excellent body nd very sensul. l'm looking for mn, preferbly MUCH older mn who cn help me feed my expensive tstes. lf you know how to tke cre of me, know how to be very grteful. Box no Wht do you think bout womn who plces n dvertisement like this one? Wht do you think bout mn who nswers this kind of dvertisement? Tboos nd /ssues Od enough to be her grndfther! 29

63 Big Brotherls wtching! Do you think tht your employer hs the right to sk bout your privte life? Tick (/) the questions you think it is OK for n employer to sk: Reding Wht is your ntritdl stdtus? Do you hue children? r\lbt is the highest leuel of forml eduction you hue chieued? ryht is your religion? Hue you euer serued in the militry? Are yotr member of politicl prty? Do you suffer from ny physicl disbilities? Do yott hue ny serious diseses? Hdue you euer been in prison? Hue you euer been conuicted of serious trffic offence? Are 1,ou homosexul? Ht,e you euer used drugs such s cnnbis? The rticle below describes some issues bout privcy in the United Sttes. ls your country similr? Better or worse? n wht wys? Shhh... Someone might be listening! Ever find yourself wtching, the clock t work? Be creful, it nry be wtching you. A recent survey by the Anrericn Mngement Assocition revels tht 32 per cent of mjor US firms record nd keep trck of employees'communictions nd ctivities while on the job. Tody's hightech miniture cmers, for exmple, nrke it esy to keep n eye on you. "You cn put them in fn, smoke detector, light switch, you cn put them lmost nywhere," sid one privte i nvestig,tor. Wht's the benefit? "lt keeps people honest," sid the director of security t lrge retiler in Los Angeles. "And if compny finds employees cheting on them.rnd they tke ction, they end up sving money." And it doesn't stop t video cmers. Monitoring enrployees'r.rse of the internet nd emil is now common prctice. A compny recently scked more thn 20 employees for sending emils which the compny clled "inpproprite nd offensive." The fct is, our personl privcy is dccrcsing ll the time. Credit rting, compnies keep tbs on your personl finncil history from the dy you get your first credit crd. Anyone who hs ever used the internet knows tht their surfing hbits re constntly being trced by'cookies'. Even where you re t ny prticulr time will soon be esy to find out. Alredy, employee security crds record when people enter ncj leve buildings. Discount supermrket progrms trck wht people buy, where nd when. Cell phones, hndheld devices, even cr nvigtion systems will soon hve detiled trcking bilities, if thcy do not lredy hve them. "lt ll seems like n infringement of our privcy," sid representtive of the Americn Righto Privcy Legue. "But in wy, we re the ones who open the doors ncl et these people in." 1. Wht is the writer's ttitude towrds decresing personl privcy?. irngry b. wrning c. enthusistic d. neutrl 2. Wht is the expression used in the lst prgrph tht mens privcy is not respected? 3. Look t the text gin nd find words nd expressions tht men 'to monitor'. l.monitoring people is good becuse "lt keeps people honest." Do you gree? 2. Would your employer get more work from you if you knew they were wtching you? 30 Big Brother is wtching! Tboos nd /ssues { 4 c 4 c

64 Lnguge Look gin t the lst sentence of the rticle: "Btrt in it wy, we ore the ones who otten the doors nd let these lteople in." This sttement expresses the ide tht our privte lives re'inside'. We lso tlk bout informtion bout our privte lives 'getting out'. Red the text below nd underline more expressions tht hve the 'privte' inside' nd'informtion getting out' ides. We rrely find out wht goes on behind closed doors in politicins' lives, but news lot out lst weekend tht sentor hs been hving twoyer ffir with her plrblic reltions mnger. Despite efforts to keep the press out of her privte "lt's life, the sentor's ffir leked out through severl relible sources. ttot the press's job " to pry into the lives of public figures," sid the sentor. feel exposed rrnd violted." Now tht the reltionship is out in the open, the sentor hs mde no effort to deny the ffir, but dded, "My husbnd hsn't been sint, either." Some soontoberelesed inside informtion nd photogrphs by unconfirmed sources do seem to support tht clim. Now complete these expressions from the text: l.behincl... doors 2. news got.. 3. kcep the press out of her life 4. the ffir leked out in the 6....informtton Privcy nd you Work in pirs or smll groups nd discuss wht you would do in the following situtions: 1. You ccidentlly find your mother's diry. Do you:. open it nd red every pge? b. just look for some interesting bits? c. feel tempted but put it bck? 2. You suspect your prtner is cheting on you. Do you:. go throug his/her drwers nd personl things for evidence? b. decide to ignore your suspicions nd trust him/her? c. confront him/her directly? 3. A neighbour in the prtment building cross from you lwys gets undressed in full view of the window. Do you:. look the other wy? b. phone the police? c. buy bigger lens for your cmer? 4. You re using your boss's computer nd you see file clled 'slries'. Do you:. feel tempted but ignore it? b. print the whole document to red lter? c.. chnge your slry nd tell your boss your py ws wrong lst month? 5. You own shop nd you suspect n employee hs been steling csh from the till. Do you:. instll hidden cmer? b. sk him/her if they hve ny finncil oroblems? c. confront him/her directly? 6. You suspect your son might be using drugs. Do you:. tlk to one of his friends? b. go through his belongings? c. give him tlk bout the horrible things tht drugs cn do to you? 7. You ctch collegue hving sex in the office with your boss. Do you:. report it to the proper uthorities? b. sk your collegue wht it ws like? c. sy nothing nd hope to ctch them gin? B. You see friend going into lpdncing club one lunchtime. Do you:. sk him if his wife knows? b. just pretend you didn't see him? c. follow him in? Tboos nd /ssues Big Brother is wtching!

65 i Anxiety nd depression Red this informtion nd discuss the questions below with prtner: A recent medicl survey in Britin reveled tht 25,r/o of the popultion sw no hope for the future nd one in ten felt tht life ws not worth living. Mny teengers were excessively worried bout their weight nd generl ppernce. Approxim tely 25"/" climed they suffer from nxiety over their studies. t t 1. Are you surprised by these sttistics? 2. Are you bsiclly hppy with your life? 3. When is the hppiest you hve ever been? 4. Wht is hppiness? Reding Red through the rticle nd nswer this question Wht excfly is this mn's problem? When ws mrried thought ws miserble becuse of my wife. So, we got divorced, nd then thought things would chnge. But ws still depressed somehow. riends used to invite me out, nd though hd nothing else going on, l'd tell them tht ws busy or tht hd other plns, but l,d just sty t home nd wtch TV or vegette. So, then blmed it on my job. used to fntsise bout just leving the plce. strted tking dys off sick. My performnce went downhill. But couldn't quit. ws scred. would wke up in the middle of the night, just lying there thinking. Then job opportunity cme up t different compny, nd for few months ctully thought ws getting better. But then it cme bck with vengence. strted crying literlly crying for no reson t ll, sometimes in the middle of the dy. strted clling myself nmes like 'stupid'nd'incompetent'. shut my friends out nd becme generlly useless. Sometimes would go out to do bit of shopping nd would see hppy couples wlking round some of them with children nd then would feel even worse. And so thought, "Tht's it! l'm lonely. need girlfriend." And so got on the internet to try nd meet people. And did. And for few weeks ctully thought ws getting better. But it got worse. strted thinking bout old ge nd deth. And pretty soon the things tht used to mke me hppy, things like nice wether nd cll from friend, strted to seem more like irrittions. Life begn feeling pretty pointless. think ws on the verge of giving up on it ll when met Judy. The dvice Judy gve me chnged my life for the better, nd probbly forever. cn't believe the difference it hs mde. 4 Red the rticle gin nd discuss these questions with prtner: 1. Wht seemed to be the mn's problem? 2.'Wht specrs of the mn's life did this problem ffect? 3. Hve you or nyone you know ever felt like him? 4. Who is Judy nd wht do you think she sid to him? 5.'Wht dvice would you hve given him? 31 Anxiety nd depression Tboos nd /ssues { 1 q J t4

66 Lnguge Complete the sentences below with these words: usul under low top down wether l. Things re just getting me He's not his. self t ll. 1.'m feeling bit under the.. 4.'m feeling bit. t the moment. 5. Things re getting on.... of me. 6.'m fincling life t the moment. 7.'m. lot of pressure. 8.'m not sure cn. much more. Which sentence bove is usully used to tlk bout physicl rther thn emotionl or psychologicl helth? Do ny of these sentences pply to you or nyone you know t the moment? Reding tke hrtl Some mentl conditions re controversil, with some experts sying the problem is ll in the mind. Are the following conditions rel? Chronic tigue Syndrome perntnent tiredness cused by stress Sesonl Affective Disorder depression cused by long, drk winters Posttrumtic stress disorder persistent emotionl problems fter being inuolued in trumtic incident Rod rge getting ngry nd possibly uiolent becuse rtf the stress of mctdern driuing conditions Midlife crisis sudden crisis of confidence suffered by men round the ge of 45 Red these ten tips on how to be hppy. Which do you think re genuinely helpful? HAPPY HABTS Ten proven wys to increse your hppiness Most people re unhppy becuse they choose to be. All they hve to do is chnge their minds nd lern some new hbits nd their lives will chnge for ever. Here re ten hbits of hppy people. Try them nd experience the results for yourself.. Act huppy even if you don't feel it. A smiling fce will get more smiles from others.. Enioy the moment. Hppiness is not produced by gret things hppening, but by recognising ll the little positive things tht hppen every dy.. Tke control of your time. Hppy people feel in control of their lives. Set yourself relistic gols for the dy.. Tke regulr exercise. Get your body producing those depressionbusting chemicls. o Cet rest. We ll need time on our own nd enough sleep mke time to rechrge your btteries.. Sing. People who sing re hppier. lt's the people who hve to listen to them who re unhppy. Be singer. o Get pet. Stroking ct or ptting dog hs therpeutic effects, clming nxiety. o eed your soul. Studie show tht ctively religious people re hppier. They cope better with crises nd re prt of supportive, ccepting community.. Prioritise close reltionships. Spending time in open communiction with loved ones stops isoltion nd independence.. Get out of town. Spend few hours week in the countryside. Smell the fresh ir, touch the flowers nd hug tree. Discuss with prtner or s clss: 1. s this serious dvice or just lightherted? 2. Do you gree tht to be hppy you just need to 'chnge your mind'? 3. Coulcl the tips bove help someone who is seriously depressed? Are ny unhelpful? 4. Hve yolr ever hd to help friend who ws depressed? Tboos nd /ssues Anxiety nd depression 31

67 Gy fmilies Wht legl rights do gys hve in your country? l. Cn they get mrried? 2. Cn they inherit from prtner?.1. Cn they dopt children? 4. (ln they get morrgge on house together? Reding Red the rticle below nd choose the best hedline. US ALLO\TS ADOPTON BY C;AYS GAY ATHERS ACE DSCRMNATON OUTRAGE AS GAYS PLAN THRD CHLD A few months go millionire couple Tony Brlow nd Brrie Drewitt shocked mny people when they becme the first gy couple to fther children. The couple hd twin girls, Aspen nd Sffron, using eggs donted by womn who wished to help the men hve their own fmily. Adoption gencies in Britin hd decided the couple were unsuitble prents, but the men went to the United Sttes where they hd more success. They hd no problem finding surrogte mother nd the girls were born in Los Angeles the following yer. After complex legl rguments, True or flse? the US Supreme Court ruled tht the men could be nmed s the prents on the twins' birth certifictes. When the children were brought bck to Britin, the men fced further legl difficulties s the British uthorities refused to grnt utomtic entry rights to the twins. Despite ll these problems, the men hve now provoked further outrge from those who clim to defend trditionl fmily vlues s they hve nnounced tht they intend to hve third child. The men currently hve 24 embryos which were frozen before the birth of their twin dushters. nd lthough they hve fllen out with the suffogte mother who cried the twins, they hve now found nother womn who hs greed to crry child for them. "We dore hving children," Mr Drewitt sid yesterdy, "nd if it turns out to be twins gin it will be even more wonderful. The new bby will be biologicl brother or sister to Aspen nd Sffron. The only difference will be the sunogte mother." n contrst, n officil church spokesmn sid, "We would still rgue tht the best plce for children to grow up would be within trditionl fmily context." Red the rticle gin nd mrk these sentences true (T), flse () or don't know (?): 1. Brrie nd Tony couldn'r dopt child in Britin. 2. The British uthorities did not wnt ro let the men bck in the counrry. 3. Brrie nd Tony nd the twins live with the twins' mother. 4. Not everyone is hppy bout Brrie nd Tony's plns. 1. How clo you feel bout Brrie nd Tony being prents? 2' Do you gree tht'the best plce for children to grow up is within trditionl fmily conrext,? 3. Wht is rrditionl fmily? s it the sme s 20 yers o? 4. Do yolr gree with the followinq sttements? There ttre good nd btl p Ltre n ts. C) dt, p re nts Llre tt't itu t ottldt i c llt, h d or good. Ttuct wrnnen could rise fmily but n()t tuto men. They would be useless without d womdn. A lot of people grout Ltlt in singlcprent fmill' two pdrents must be better thn tht! 1 T Gy fmilies Tboos nd /ssues 4 J

68 Lnguge Mtch these different kinds of fmilies with the definitions on the right: 1. irn fflr"rent fmily 2. close fmil,v 3. clvsfr.rnctionrl fmily 4. singleprent f:rmily.5. tlentecl frnily 6. iur vergc fmily 7. tn influentil fmily U. n mbitious frnily Would you use ny of the expressions bove to describe your fmily? Do ny of the expressions bove describe the fmily you red bout erlier? Do you f ive with your immedite fmily or do you lso live with members of your extended fmily? (grndprents, unts, uncles, cousins etc.). They wnt to be successful. b. Only one prent lives with the children. c. They hve lot of money. d. They hve strong reltionships' e. They hve certin mount of power' f. They hve lot of personl problems. g. They're ll good t something. h. There's nothing specil bout them. Red the rticle nd underline nything you think is good rgument for or ginst gy mrriges. LET'S GET MARRED! "We hve mortgge together, we hve.r ct together, we're no different from the neighbours, so why cn't we get mrried?" one gy mn told reporters outside the Vermont courtroom in the United Sttes. A lrge group of gy couoles were t the court to her whether the stte would chnge the lw nd llow smesex mrriges. Mny expressed their frustrtion t not being llowed mritl sttus. "We wnt to get mrried for the sme reson s everyone else we're in love," A womn cmpigner for gy rights sid, "Why do people wnt to stop gy people getting mrried? lt mkes no difference to them, but it mkes huge difference to gy couple who wnt to mke public commitment." A spokeswomn for trditionl fmily orgnistion sid, "lf we strt to redefine wht mrrige is, where do You drw the line? Why not sy two men nd womn cn get mrried, or three women perhps?" Discuss the following views of smesex mrriges. Which views re closest to your own? 'Why l. (lv rnrrige? not? f two people wnt to mke lifetime commitment to ech other, they should be llowed to. 2.lt cloesn't milrter tht they're gy. They've been together for 15 yers. They should hve exctly the srrme rights s : norml couple. Wht is norml nywy?.3. Mrrige between mn nd womn is nturl. f mrrige stops being nturl, where will it ll end? f two men cn mrry, why not three or four? 4. Mrrige is for the procretion of children. Gy prtners cn't hve children so they shouldn't be llolvecl to get mrried. 5. clon't crc if they wnt to get mrried or not. just wish it wsn't ll over the newsppers. 6. ckrn't bclieve in mrrige enywy, so it's not relly n issue for me. Tboos nd /ssues Gy fmilies 32

69 Begging Do you give money to beggrs? Explin why, or why not, to prtner. Reding Red through the comments below on n internet discussion site nd decide which opinion is closest to your own. Wht's your opinion of beggrs? we invited people from round the world to let their voices be herd on the subject: Edilson Gomes Teixeir, Brzil ln my city, So Pulo, we hve lots of children who sk for money on the streets' of course, lfeelterrible forthem, but lthinktht giving them money does them no good. Usully they re relly begging for n dult even mother their or fther just so tht they cn buy rugs or something like tht. don't know... it,s complicted. An Mrtin ong Schmidt, USA come from Sn rncisco, Cliforni, where you cn't wlk two blocks ny more without running into homeress person sking you for money. They,re filthy people who sleep nd urinte in my doorwy. used to give money, not but ny more. suppose 've become sort of numb to it ll. t rien, wht is 50 my cents going to do to herp someone? rt's the Government,s proni"n1, no, mine. Atsuko ujimori, Jpn We hve plce in my city, Tokyo, clled "shinjuko Sttion.,, think this plce is n embrrssment to Jpnese society. There re hundreds of people homeless living in crdbord boxes. The Government doesn't cre bout them nd neither do mny people in Jpn. But do. tke them food nd clothes nd someti.mes give money. Mny of my friends think m crzy. think rm norml nd they re crzy. cnnot sleep well t night if know ihere is someone else who hs no plce to sleep. Jmes oster, UK l'm fed up with beggrs nd fed up with dogooders who wnt to help them. don't give money nd nobody should. lt on"lv encourges them to beg even more' And these people ll seem to hve dogs nd smoke. Why should give my hrderned csh to feed their pets nd smoking hbit? people living on streets the re there becuse they wnt to bel Red through the comments gin nd nswer these questions: l.who sys tht living'n the streers nd begging is bsicily crroice? 2. Who blmes begging on drugs? l' who s,vs rhr the problem ii one rhr cnnor be solved by individuls? 4. \Xlho fcels shmed of the problem? JJ Begging Tboos nd /ssues i 1 rl it 1 { J 4 l 7 1 d J rl 1 J J hl J g J T J Ef 1 rrl J q 4 rl J"1 J : 7 1 4

70 Poem Red this poem bout being homeless, then discuss the questions below: Homeless, but not speechless m homeless Penniless So sk for your pennies Countless Are the times when feel Pointless Useless Powerless to do nything to/for/bout/with these hertless seemenots who re clueless to my fceless existence One penny Your chrity is shmeless My life... worthless My journey... reckless Don't worry: My pssing will be pinless. 1. Wht does the title men? 2. Wht does the writer men by Yowr chrity is shmeless? 3. Explin the lst line: My pssing will be pinless. 4. Wht is done in your country to help homeless people? 5. Why re so mny people homeless? Tboos nd /ssues Lnguge Write in /ess word from the poem with the definitions below: 1. No money.. 2.gnornt=... 3.Mny= Unble to protect/defend yourself =. 5.No cre or feeling for others = Anonymous, unknown =. T.Without purpose = 'Without vlue = 9. t won't hurt = Would you give money or help in these situtions? 1. A womn knocks t your door collecting money for homeless people. She hs n officil D bdge. How much would you give her? 2. A little boy offers to clen your shoes in the street for 20 pence. 3. A womn holding bby sks you for money on the street. She is crying. 4. A rther dirtylooking person sks to 'borrow' 50 pence for the bus. 5. You meet someone on holidy in Third 'World country nd fter chtting' you relise tht with iust couple of your trveller's cheques, you could py for their child to go to university nd hve the chnce of completely different life. 6. You're in resturnt nd womn comes in with flowers nd sks if you wnt to buy one for your boyfriend / girlfriend. 7. You're t some trffic lights nd someone wshes your windscreen, then sks for some money. 8. You receive pck of Christms crds through the post from chrity for the blind. There is no obligtion to py for the crds you cn keep them for free but you re invited to send dontion. Write your own view on beggrs in the sme style s the internet comments you red erlier. Pss your comment to nother clssmte. Then: 1. Red nd see if you gree or disgree with the comment tht hs been pssed to you. 2. Discuss it with nother clssmte (not the writer of the comment). 3. Discuss the comments s clss. Begging 33

71 Compenstion culture l ' s it conrmon to sue doctors, hospitls, or newsppers?' in your country? Hve voll or nyone you kn.w eie. rr..l,nn'" or been sued? wht wirs thc outcome? Reding A few yers go womn suffered severe b.url: from cup of coffee served t fst food resturnt nd she sued' Red wht hppened nd decide who yori side with the womn or the fst food resturnt? HOT COEE VCTM GETS $ENN A womn hs been wrded totl of rmost 3 million dollrs in dmges, fter climing tht the coffee she ws served t US fst food resturnt nd then spilled on herself ws too hot. The womn ws in the pssenger set of her grndson's cr when she ws served cuo of coffee t the drivethrough window of locl fst food outlet. According to reports, fter receiving the food order, the grndson moved his cr forwrd nd stopped for moment so tht his grndmother could dd crem nd sugr to her coffee. She plced the cup between her knees nd tried to remove the plstic lid from the cup. As she did so, tne enttre contents of the cup spilled onto ner lp, leving her severely burned nd needing hospitl tretment. n compny representtive explined tht coffee is kept t prticulr temperture Decuse customers nturlly wnt their coffee served hot. He pointed out tht customers buy coffee on their wy to work or home, intending to consume it there, not while in the cr. One commenttor couldn,t believe the womn won her cse.,,the world hs g,one m_d. lf you cn get $3 million for spilling hot coffee on yourself, then it,s only mtter of lime before we get the hedlines: WOMAN CETS PRECNANT AND SUES CONDOM COMpANy or MAN WTH BAD HARCUT SUES OR EMOTONAL DAMACES." Tell your prtner who you side with the womn or the fst food chin. Explin why. Tke clss vote on the cse. who do you think ws resptnsible for the injuries? Are you sure? Most peopte think the womn ws t fult for her injuries nd tht the mount of money she received ws ridiculous. Here re few more fcts bout the cse. irst red the fcts: The wonrrrn suffered third degree burns over 6o/n of her body in very for sensitive eight res. dys' she She spilled ws in hospitl thioffee while she,"r,,i ig ii, p.k"d cr rrying ro remove the cup,s lid. li:;:'.ffiffxrff it moving. she iried to sertre r,.. [lji'.';.'.'ws.rr.?,r c,r court rn,. gzo,ooo Thc' resturirnt knew of the problem' They. hd lredy received hundreds clrirlks of crrn complints. burn t tempertures They krrew tht over 60 de.grees, but'they mintined degrces policy higher. to keep Thc their chin c.ffee.i10 mkes over milrln iollrs n doy in coffee sles. Hve you chnged your mind? Hold clss debte. Divide the clss into two groups: those who re on the womn's side nd those who side with the resturnt chin. 34 Compenstion culture Tboosnd /ssues f

72 d!e =r = E Lnguge Complete the text below with the correct form of these verbs: sttc ppel wrd wtn settle tke fyouhrrvencciclenttworkbecusetheworkplceisnotsfe,youcn(1)...for negligerrce. C)ne womn ws recently (2)... nerly f40,000 fter ftlling down bdlylit srircsc. She knew she could (3)... compenstion nd (4)... the compny to court. Tlre cornprrny tried to (5)... out of court, but the womn wsn't interested. She (6) hcr cse, brrthe compny re going to (7)... ginst the decision. Look t the situtions below in smll groups. Decideif they re legitimte or just wste of time. 1. A 19yerolcl ctress is suing for 'emotionl c'listress' ftcr being told tht she ws 'too old' to plrv the pirrt of Juliet in Shkespere's Rorneo ttntl.[uliet. 2. A brrrglr wnts $50,000 to py for his hospitl bills. n ttempting to brek into clothing store, he fell through the roof, broke both his lcgs nd ws left immobile. He ws forrnd thc following morning in severe pin. He clirns the store is to blme for hvrnq 'fultv roof'. 1. A mrrrr tripped nd fell on pvement becuse it ws uneven. He broke his wrist nd is suing thc locl conncil for negligence. 4. A womn opened bg of sld nd found live frog inside. She is suing the supermrket beciruse she suffered 'severe trum.' 5. A flight ttendnt is suirrg the irline she workcd for for rrnfir dismissl. She ws sckccl becuse she hcl become too ft. 6. A womn is suing her helth lrthority becuse the sterilistion opertion they performed the previous yer hd obviously filed. "Of course love my new bby," she sid, "but this is not wht hd plnned for my life." 7. A womn who rn over nd criticlly injured pedestrin is suing the cr mnufcturer' climing tht the brnd new cr's horn did not work nd therefore she ws unble to wrn the pssing pedestrin. 8. A vegetrin wnts $1 million in dmges fronr locl resturnt. She sked for the 'vegetrin' lsgne nd hlfwy through her mel discovered tht there were bits of ground beef in the suce. 9. A fther is suing his son for $25,000 the estimted vlue of the fmily's cr. lt seems tht the son, ged 19, borrowed his fther's new cr without sking for permission. He then crshed it. The son ws unhurt, but the cr ws totl writeoff. Which of the following best sums up your ttitude to compenstion? l. 'nr torirlly ginst it. t jr"rst encourges people to sue for the slightesthing. 2. crrn't get worked up bout it. t doesn't bother me. t's never ffected me..1.'m ell for it! The more people cn screw out of big compnies the better! wish witer would snill some coffee on me! Tboos nd /ssues Compenstion culture 34

73 Sport nd money Mtch these sportsmen nd sportswomen to their sports: All of these professionls re multimillionnires s result of slries, prize money, sponsorship nd endorsements. ' who clo vou think is pid the mosr? why? \7ho is pid the rest? \7hy?. Are they pid roo much, in your opinion? o Hrw much do the top sportsmen nd women get pid in your country? o wh. is.ne.f the highest pid? Do you think (s)he deserves rht sliv? Reding t. Michel Schumcher 2. Tiger rvoods.3. Dvid Beckhm 4. Vcnus \Willims 5. Mrion Jones. thletics b. tennis c. ormul One d. footbll e. golf Red this fther's view nd decide which sport he is tlking bout. Cn his criticism pply to sports in generl? MMORAL EARNNGS? Wht in the world is hppening to professionl sport? When ws kid, it cost $5 to get decent set t the stdium, no my dd would buy me hot dog nd hinrself ;r beer which would brins the tott cost to bout $10. Lst Sturdy took my little boy to see the Cints ply. After the prking, tickets, refreshments nd souvenirs, wlked out of there with $75 less in my pocket. Just sk me how soon l'll be going bck! But it got me thinking: why m pying so much to wtch group of men throw bll round? And then relised: ws pying Billy Slter'slry: $350,000 yer. And Mtt Jerrold' slry: $500,000 yer. Oh, nd how could forget Sl lbrr's new contrct $3 million over the next three yers. Where is the perspective here? Wht re our priorities s society? There re 35,000 homeless in this city who don't hve roof over their heds, clothes to keep them wrm or food to fill their stomchs. And we re pying these men 6 nd 7figure slries to keep ourselves entertined! Something's gone wronu. Look bck t the rticle nd nswer these questions with prtner: 1. wht things did the mn hve to py for t the bsebil gme? 2.Why ckres he sy ".fust sk me how soon 'll be going bck',? 3. Wht does he men when he sys tht he's pying the plyers' slries? Do you gree? 4. Why does he strt rlking bout homeless people? 1'Do vou birsiclly gree with the mn or does he hve n oldfshioned, nostlgic view of sport? 2.)o vou go to live sport events? Wht is the most erpensive sports event you hve been to? \Ws it rvorth it? 1. Hve volr ever pid to wtch big sports event on pytv? f so, how much did you py? Sporl nd money Tboos nd /ssues

74 Lnguge Red this text nd underline ll the expressions with 'worth': A UK OOTBALL MATCH Going to see my footbll tem is not chep the chepest set is [20 but think it's worth it. Usully you get your money's worth especilly with our new centre forwrd, Rivldo. Apprently, he's on f,4 million yer, but he's such brillint plyer, think he's worth every penny. Recently, took my whole fmily to see gme. There re some guys who sell tickets illeglly outside the stdium they're clled ticket touts nd you cn get into trouble if you buy from them. Normlly, would hve sid tht it's more trouble thn it's worth. but since 'd brought my whole fmily, which ws going to be very expensive, thought it ws worth try. So, went up to one of these guys nd negotited four fntstic sets for {80 quite brgin for such n importnt gme nd such gret sets. They were ctully worth round f120. When we tried to get into the stdium, we were told tht our tickets were forgeries! {80 down the drin! You cn imgine how we felt! So, we went bck home to wtch the gme on TV. My dvice is never buy from ticket tout. t's not worth the risk. Now complete the expressions with one word: 5. thoueht it ws worth,... l.l... it's worth it. 2. You let your... worth. 3. He's worth everv. 4. t's rnore... thn it's worth. 6. They were ctully worth... f1, t's not worth the.. How do you sy these in your lnguge? Wht do you think' 80 down the drin'mens? The verge professionl footbller in the Premier Legue in Englnd erns 400,000 yer * round 7,600 week. He trins, on verge, for three hours dy nd plys one or two gmes week for 10 months of the yer. This mens he erns round f520 per hour. So, fter one trining session, he is 1500 richer. or the very top plyers, multiply ll these figures by 6 or 7. People rgue tht the following resons justify the slries. Which do you think re good resons? l.lt's rr short creer 18 yers mxirrrum 4.t requires very high level of skill, which then yon're finished s fr s plying is only very few people possess. They concerned. should be rewrded for tht. 2.Top plyers cn't go out prtying nd eting nd drinking whtever they wnt. They hve to look fter themselves nd be highl)' disciplined. They hve severely restricted socil life for mybe zo y.nrr. ' 3. Yorrr crecr could end t ny time through injury. 5.Juli Roberts gets $4 million to mke film, so why shouldn't top footbllers get similr py? They re just like film strs. 6' Top. plyers re high profile superstrs wh<r cn't leve home without the medi following them. The money they get is compenstion for hving no privte life. More issues 1. The men's Wimbledon tennis chmpion wins 477,500. The women's chmpion gets f430,000. Wht is the reson for this? Women nerly lwys get less thn men in sport. Why is this? 2. Some people think tht money hs ruined sport. People used to ply for the glory of winning. Now they re open to bribery nd corruption. Wht would you do bout it? Tboos nd /ssues Sport nd money

75 Vnity n your experience, re the following sttements true or not?. Men rrre more intcrested in their ppcrnce thn women. 2.\Wornen tlk to their friends bour how they krok. Men don'r. 1. W<rrncn like to go shopping with other women. 4' Men prefer fo go clothes shopping lone. They rc frid ro sk womn to helo thcrn. i. N,lcn spencl rrore on cosmetics thn 10 yers go. Reding Red the first prt of the rticle nd underline 'beutiful': ll the different things tht men do to mke themselves MEN'S BEAUTY S BG BUSNESS f you think the world of fce crems, beutiful fingernils nd silkysmooth legs is exclusively femle, think gin. As sles of men's helth nd fshion mgzines continue to grow t huge rte, more nd more men re queueing up t helth sps nd gyms for complete mkeovers "Lots of men re no longer embrrssed to use products or services tht mke them look nd feel better.,' sid one enthusistic beuty consultnt. Body hir removl, mnicures, pedicures, teeth whitening nd liposuction, to nme just few, re ll now in high demnd. Modern mn is even plucking his eyebrows to complete the wellgroomed experience. So, wht is the explntion for this? Why re men spending more on pmpering their bodies thn on CD collections nd DVDs? Compre wht you underlined with prtner. Do you know wht ll those things re? wht is your explntion for men's growing interest in theiippernce? Now red the second prt of the rticle to see if it gives the sme explntion: According to some, the explntion is quite simple. Twenty yers go, the only beutiful role models in the medi were wonten. Now, mgzine covers displying hlfdressed mle models with sixpcks, tns nd perfect hir, hve persuded men they re missing out on something.n other words. it's just clever dvertising. Others offer more profbund explntion. As trditionl roles between men nd women t home nd t work become less distinct, men re looking for new wys to express either their msculinity or their newfound feminine side. The msculine expression leds to joining gym nd building muscle, the feminine expression leds to moisturising crems nd beutiful nils. These dys it seems to be combintion of both. You could rgue tht the modern mn is quite simply confused So, re men just victims of the dvertising industry, or re they trying to reinvent themselves? Or is it just tht women hve been right ll long men re viner? Now they hve the proof. Whr do you think /, t t t + t Vnitv Tboos nd /ssues

76 :t :l :l!t it E Lnguge 1 Explin wht the following men: 1. Merr re queueing up tlt heirlth sps rrncl gyms pntltering therr bodies Mle moclcls with sirpcfts As trc'litirxrl rolcs between rnen rrrrcl women becrnne less distinct 5. joining :,r llyrn nd building muscle 6. merr re trying to reinuent themselues Do you think men hirve 'feminine side'? Do,vou think more rren re 'ciiscovering' it? l)o women need tcl discover their 'msculinc sic'le'? Lngu ge 2 "Yrtnr Xry shows tbin mon struggling to get out." Two of the expressions below men tht you re not looking fter yourself properly. Which ones? tudtcb whdt yr.ttt et tttkc regulr exercise utork out t the gynt put on weight stlt in shdlte use body lotions let yourself go l)dmper yourself tke pride in your ppe(trdnce Now complete the text below with the correct form of verbs from the expressions bove. Cn you do it without looking bck t the expressions? Since rnv brother reched 40 he (1)... himself go bit. He (2) lot of weight. 've told him he's got to strt (3).. wht he ets nd strt looking fter himself. think it's importnt to (4)... pride in your ppernce. wntto (5)... inshpeso (6)... regul:rrercrcise nd (7)... tthcgym. lso (U)... myself occsionllyl hve mssge once month, for errnple. Brrt do not (9)... bod,v lotions or shve rrry legs or nvthins like tht. men. there re lirnits! Vnity survey Red the following questions. You get 1 point for ech 'yes'nswer. Decide in the clss how mny 'yes' nswers men: dnt norrnol... points m uin =... points 1 dm extremel.y uin... ltoints 1. Do you stop nd look t yourself in shop windows? 2. Do you go to the hirdresser's more thn once month? 3. Hve you ever dyed your hir? 4. Do you use hir gel or similr product?,5. Hve you ever hd mnicure or pedicure? 6. Do you use hnd crem? 7. Do you use ny fce crems? B. Hve you ever used mkeup? 9. Do you pluck your eyebrows? 10. Hve you ever shved prt of your body other thn your fc,e? 11. Do vou use exoensive deodornt or ftershve? 12. Do you work out t the gym or in your bedroom? 13. Would you consider hving ny sort of cosmetic surgery? 14. Do you buy fshion mgzines or helth nd fitness mgzines? 15. ls ny prt of your body pierced nipples? nvel? nose? other? Work in pirs sking ech other the questions. How mny points did you score? Tboos nd /ssues Vnity

77 Legtising drugs l. Mkc list of ll the illegl drugs tht you know: 2. Which of those re soft clrugs nd u 3. which or the ;;,*, in your li,, n,. J'fiTri,;!"("i',, 4. Dr yru know differeni nmes f;;;. sme drug? 5. Do you know wht rhe following _."r, rril joint rgerous re they?, *,,^::::("' :;'"::!i',,,'::,""0 ::;Y,'l;'o:,r,)','l')ii!,"'" 7 A re, r, ".", n f J, * J:ff ;: i*il::tj:i it; ; j:'i"t:t:,i:; l,' #fi Ti *: *; i r, Reding As you red through the rticfe think of rf you tere on the pnet, *.,;:"r::;.;:,:;:::.,:;::"*, conctusion? J/ GRASS S GOOD OR YOU A pnel of doctors, economists, prents nd police officers in the United Srtes hs decided rht drugs should be mde legl. Their conclusions took into ccount fctors of crime, medicine nd even prison spce. "We hve prison popultion of over l0 million in this country. Mny of those re in jil for drug_ relted crime, such s the sle Jr people in prison re there becuse of drugrelted crimes, which mens little spce is left for violent criminls, the ones the yuftic. would relly like to see rocked wv. But there were more resons for leglising ::tr"d "There drugs. re cncer ptients out Leglising drugs there who re wndering round drk.streets t night trying to buv mrijun for pin reliei,.. sid one of the doctors "They on the pnel. should be ble to gei wni they need without entering the criminl underworld. The effectiveness On other substnces, of the mrijun pnel on greed tht drugs going such s heroin l:1i""1: rhrough nd chemotherpy cocine did not hs serve long the Ueln community possession known by the in of medicl the sme illegl p.of"rrion, wy substnces,,, mrijun srct but politicl could. n officer conservtives but rgued tht of the Chicgo still keeping rise those Police opposition. substnces orce. Becuse One illesl sentor of new, menl spoke money tough lws, out for ginst criminlr. currently the 3 pnel,s,,w. out of 5 conclusions... don't hve people shooting cn sympthise ech other. with.the over ptients, tequil or but controlling the ict is, prostitutes with Mrlboros,,, sij mrijun is ddictive nd hrmful nd we don,t wnt tht kind of thing in our communities," he sid.,l".pnel disgreed. :1 They rgued tht, lthough mriiun r,": dmirtedly u po,"niiully ddictive substnce, reserch hs proved tht legl substncesuch s nicotine nd lcohol re fr more ddictive nd hrmful. "Mrijun ctully does some good. The sme cnnot be sid of cigrettes nd lcohol.,, o1 tle 1_ll.l:. pnel...keeping orugs illegl llows people to do rilegl thinss.'. The pun"'i will shortly be presenting its findings to the government. Tboos nd /ssues! i., t 'l 1 t 5 l J : t_ 1 J :l, ]

78 Wht were some of the resons for leglising drugs mentioned in the rticle? Tick those which mentioned in the rticle: 1. Drr"rgs cn help people who re ill. 2. Drugs keep cr:iminls in brrsiness. 3. Mking drugs legl mens tht they cn be txed, nd tht mens revenue for the government. 4. Drugtrfficking is not s serious s violent crime, ccording ro mny people. 5. l.eglising drr.rgs could mke the lob of lw enforcement officers much esier. 6. Alcohol nd cigrettes re more ddictive nd more hrmful nd re lredy legl. How mny of those six points do you gree with? Lnguge Use the following words to complete the sentences below: immedite henef icil longterm dmging legl designer illegl ddictiue l.ciigrette smoking is more... to your helth thn smoking mrijun or cnnbis. 2. Nicotine is more... thn mrijun. 3. Mriiun cn hve very... effects on cncer ptients, helping them through chemotherpy. 4. The... effects of smoking dope re wellknown feeling extremely crefree nd relred. The... effects ilre less cler. 5. Horv cn it be... for l6yerold to buy nd smoke cigrettes when t the sme tirre it is... for 2lyerold to buy nd smoke mrijun? t's crzy! 6. One of the biggest dngers tody is the soclled... drugs which young people use t discos nd prties. Do you gree with the following opinions? Discuss them in smll groups: t. Getting high on joint is less dngerous thn getting drunk. 5. Soft drugs led to hrd drugs. Just don't even think of strting! 1 z. People who smoke dope chnge their personlity over time. They become irresponsible, unrelible nd ruin their lives. 6. More people die from lcoholrelted problems or ccidents thn drugrel ted problems. Sttisticl y, drugs re sfer thn lcohol. 1 ). 4. The drug lws in our country re lredy too relxed. They should be fr stricter. ine people for first offence nd then send them to prison if they reoffend. lt's the only wy. Experimenting with drugs is OK. You just need to know when to stop. 7. All recretionl drugs should be mde legl for dults. Tht would immeditely stop relted crime. B. Some countries in the r Est hve the right ide execute ll drug delers. Tht would soon sto the drugs trde. Hve you ever tried drugs? Do you know nyone who hs? Which ones? Do you know where to get drugs in your town? Wht problems hve you seen in your community cused by drugs? Wht would be the effect of leglising drugs? Tke two minutes to think of three implictions. Then tell your group wht you hve thought of. boos nd /ssues Leglising drugs 37

79 Turningthe other cheek Discuss with your clss: l. Do you e:lll forgive people, or do you hold grudges? 35;ll,l't;"J"i:l]:,ru:::': r.,.,o.?r'iji,,r,,, rhev ' did ro you? r person cherecr who: rhem.ut,f.,";;;;;:;'r"t", "'. physic_lly ssulted. th"_j spred rumollrs bout. them? sfole from them?. wrts unfithful to them? (hd sex with 4. Woulci someone you else) forgive the person in rhe situtions bove? Reding '" 'r"( Red through the first prt of this rticre nd nswer the question befow: A HUC N EXCHANGE OR A BEATNG? ;;:?l#lilj'jil'll;,1!rfilrgp:"", 33, ws pured rrom 1992 his truck nd bdry beren scene ws."rshi;;;l;t,tn" rce riots in Lur,tng"i"r. fi::"''r"r',1fl l,i;l;t*;klitrl'l j:t"jj'i:i'^u;,**u###ii in" iirr,o,e nd viorent ^""".1Tii,",5,?,:iti[1if Jti *il#ij#lfr liilit/,n:n:i:#lr:nr;il*,.j;;y"l:"j,::'[il;,o,"::"u ws rescueci ou,:f"';::it *",.]t',, i;ffi :1L:"1; Wht do you think should hppen to continue the ttckers? reding nd nswe, ir," qu""tions berow: Denny ws Jeft with permnt recover, onvsicl nrircutousli;;;; deform'.,"; 1 "t 11, hndicps but he did eventully who nerry b";,;;;i,;;il:'j:it;:il:,xx:lflrenough." ",,"".r"'" trirorth" _"i ffi'.[::.,::;',x""t,nixi,"xffi:1*#tl4t:1i:: ;'; il:t{:' : d fl H,"'# *q ln,'d l i ilr* ;,i.: #"::,;: " t i: j Dut not Resinld Denn,y. ; rmmeditety were recl, p";";; ;r;;:;i'i:' ftc:kers nd hugged th", bolto'ghout the tril, wrked r""r? "i 3,.,n" sentences L"''j,,oth"r, of the i{hl f!r,r,' * th,';? r *fi';.'.;#l="d. iln i * it i; il, disbility ncome llowncef.r?fr"';# now is the $ 120 week he ro,,,. uuo.l? th " i ri "8:; ;::i:j::t#iij;,u "."' nd h ve ;,";; ffji :,"J3r';,ji:i:;n:i :l,j l. Whr proof ws 2. wh,rt w,rs Reqin,l"N:l:i" heting? ;.;,:t n : i.1'[j:: ;.fl1i.' {:,1';, jnj",,.,, i, f. r? 5' Di cl'h"';; ;;iil'i''l''id" red' rrd on g enough bour whr rhey dij ro Denny? Turning the other cheek Tboos nd /ssues ) 1 q 4 d J T fl rf 4 rl J J1 ) ḻ.1

80 l t r t r t il t r T t ;l t il f, e it 1. Why clo you think Denny forgve his ttckers? 2. Do yolr think forgiving them did ny good? 1. Do,vor.r c'lmire his ct of forgiveness? 4. WoLrld you hve forgiven thc men if they hd ctrnc the sme thing to you? Lnguge Mtch the words on the left with those on the right to mke whole expressions bout forgiveness: l. forgive rrcl 2. wrlter urrdcr the 3. turn the other 4. brrry thc 5. holcl e 6. got chip on his (A htchet is kind of xe.). grudge b. cheek c. forget d. shoulder e. htchet f. bridge Alwys forgive your enemies nothing nnoys them so mucn. Oscr Wilde An eye for n eye nd tooth for tooth. The Bible "l cn forgive, but cnnot forget" is only nother wy of sying "l cnnot forgive". H.W. Beecher, Americn clergymn Now use the expressions in these sentences: 7. lwys forgive people. 'm not the sort of personto We used to be bitter enemies but tht's ll....now. 9. f possible, the best policy is.... f you cn't forget, t lest try to forgive. 10. think need to go nd tlk to Slly nd. 'We cn't keep ignoring ech other like this. 11.f someone hurts or insults you, your instinct is to get revenge. The hrder opti<tn is tcr 12. Mrtin's very difficult person to work with. He's..... hotttnotgetting pronroted lst yer nd he's so cvnicl ll the time. Do you hve similr expressions in your lnguge? n smll groups, decide if you would forgive the people involved in the situtions below: 1. Your fther tells you, when you re 30, tht you re dopted. 2. Yor.r fincl out tht your prtner of 15 yers hs been sleeping with your best friend. 3. You cirtch your mother reding your diry. 4. You lencl yorrr cr to collegue t work who dmges it beyond repir. 5. Yorrr prtner slps you in the fce in the het of serious rgument. 6. Yorrr brother/sist:' forgets your birthdy. 7. You're in hospitl following mjor opertion nd your best friend doesn't visit you. 8. You find or.rt tht good friend of yours hs been reveling your intimte secrets to others. 9. A strnger in br spills cold beer on your new shirt nd just lughs. 10. While mking love, your prtner clls you by someone else's nme. ln Americ when criminl is found guilty, the victim is llowed to mke speech in court ddressing the criminl. Do you think this is good thing? Why? lf you were victim, wht sort of speech would you give? Quottions Which of the following quottions is your fvourite? Why? boos nd /ssues When mn sys "l cnnot forgive," he is lying. Wht he mens is, "l will not forgive." Anonymous The stupid neither forgive nor forget; the nive forgive nd forget; the wise forgive but do not forget. Thoms Szz, Americn psychitrist Turning the other cheek

81 The deth penlty Work in pirs. Disc jl o ), :r, n, ".,r, ".:il,lil : li.j,":,, ",,r, jl:"1 t,,., whr ofrencesi r How,isir,#.i. n()r. whrrr is rhe severest our: punishmenr rt"r.on be given? Reding Red the text below : l:,iti"',',t tffi"ii"iit:n7'n,o,, pent,y herore rt,e,,ck? My sister ws wlking yers home from go wf work two to stel her hur'"j,:l'"men,stopped un,tili stbbed n",.,1.lfl3.f,"r?l"rl""'irted n ihei li:il;"h ;'" ro'nj'"'iiu'?"i:t"'::?t mv views "" il"t"'"'il Ji:[hen t chngej Before tht, it esy lu, lr:,ly to be liberl nd ro sy thr t iin,i punishmenr. ;;1,;;" But nor. now. il;;;;r:""..::;tl tht the police..cught my were,iriui,r" eye killers: witnesse.s; there iflur" evidence. *u, forensic th< guvs whfthey should did T^*: it* die ney for not only chnged took her the life, liv they "", ;;;;;ilf ilj i:r'il;,;lrur:n.*i will never ever be the sme..yv!',l:,t:l^*ole sy tht if you you execure become murderer murder". vor^utf, tui nr,,, no lnn l;;: i: uou tk",om"oil, riru, yo,,.s,:meone, u",,n"",il t"%:h lhe i::?j,:'"i"j sme t' horror.r.,,^,,,'..,^],l" s u fferi ns, ";";;; J'o, il " "Jl,#'" ij,; frx trte. people think tht ;,.rr"i. didn't Bul hve my the sister luxury of sying goodbye. ;:T:,:,1:?':;';,.'o'n'"k tht uutn i' the esy r:1", riretime J;:Hi:l ili ;f::"ilti tnrnk so. Life imprisonrnent is mels, iifetime reding of nd hot televisi"" _ expense.,',n"'n*ouy"r, Tht is not suitbf" pr"irnr"nt murderer. But for deth is. i i i How do you feel bout the writer,s views:. surprisccl?. shocked?. synrptheric?. horrified? ll"lliffii#?,,ij:g'.yo{d vou wnt the deth *^nui;:tgfi :d{i!3,' T"" or nd your own. penlty' Add other rguments of Are you bsicllv i punishment? n fvour of or ginst cpitl 39 The deth penltv "Better sit dctrun, son.,tte got bit of shock frtr y1171.,. Tboos nd /ssues r' j 4 / 4 J ] E )'l t'' 1

82 { q i fl { f, e e :l e = = :r :r :t tr b T Lnguge 1 Do you know the nounsfor these verbs? Use dictionry if necessry. VERB cxecute cor.r v ict cornpenste irnprison punish bolish NOUN Work in smll groups. Red these texts nd discuss the questions below ech one. The Timothy McVeigh Cse More thn 1000 survivors of the Oklhom City bombing in the United Sttes were sked if they wnted to witness the execution of Timothy McVeigh by lethl injection t Terre Hute ederl Prison, lndin. The deth chmber t the prison hs only eight sets for witnesses, but over 200 of his victims nd their fmilies wtched his execution by live video link. 1. Do you feel it is right tht the survivors of terrorist ct should be invited to wtch the convicted terrorist bei ng executed? 2. Do you think n execution like this should be televised then nyone who wnted to wtch it would hve the opportunity? Should the progrmme be shown round the world on stellite TV? 3. Public hnging ws bolished in Britin in 1868 nd the deth penlty for murder ws bolished in ls this evidence of more humne nd civilised society or of cowrd y, eftw i n g i berl i sm? Lnguge 2 Complete the text below with the correct form of the words opposite: Hrold Spers returned home free mn yesterdy. He ws lucky to be live. He hd been (1)... of murder in 1998 nd sentenced ttr be (2)... by lethl injection. Before the sentence could be crried out, the US stte he lived in pssed new lw (3)... the deth penlty. Mr Spers' (4)... ws therefore reduced to life (5).... Two months lter new evidence emerged. Mr Spers ws found to be innocent! He ws freed on ppel nd will receive $250,000 in (6). The Sudi Sitution Amnesty lnterntionl sid it knew of more thn.,100 people executed in Sudi Arbi in the pst 20 yers/ with the current verge stnding t two public behedings every week. A sword is used nd s mny s three blows my be required to cut the hed off. 1. Wht is your rection to this informtion? 2. Do you think some methods of execution re more cceptble thn others? f so, which? 3. "lf someone is being executed for prticulrly horrendous murder, their deth should be s pinful nd humiliting s possible." How do you feel bout this sttement? The Cse of Ptrick Nicholls Ptrick Nicholls, jiled for life 23 yers go for the murder of 74yerold fmily friend, ws freed yesterdy by the Court of Appel. The court cknowledged tht the evidence used to convict Mr Nicholls ws unrelible nd tht the injuriesuffered by the 7Ayerold were, in ll probbility, cused by fll. 1. How do vou think Mr Nicholls feels now? 2. How cn the stte compenste him for 23 yers of wrongfu i m pri son ment? 3. Hve there been ny cses like this in your country recently? 4. Would Mr Nicholls hve been executed in vour country? Some countries give reltives of the victim choice of wht should hppen to the murderer: they cn gree to the murderer being executed, or they cn sk for 'blood money' from the murderer s compenstion for the loss of their loved one nd the murderer goes to prison. Wht do you think bout this? Tboos nd /ssues The deth penlty

83 Addictions work in pirs' List t lest 5 different things tht people cn become ddicted to. choose one from your list nd discuss the possible results of this ddiction. work in pirs. Ask ech other questions from one of the questionnires: DRNK AND YOU 1. Do you drink lcohol every dy? 2. How much do you drink week? 3. Do you ever get drunk? How often? 4. Do you need drink to relx? 5. Do you drink with other people or on your own? 6. Do you regulrly get crving for drink? (= very strong desire) 7. Do you think it,s hbit or n ddiction? 40 SMOKNG AND YOU 1. Do you smoke? Cigrettes? Cigrs? A pipe? 2. How mny do you smoke dy? 3. Do you smoke to relx? 4.Do you feer nervous if you hven,t hd smoke for rong time? 5. Do you get strong crvings? 6. Do you wish you could stop smoking? 7. Could you give it up esily?. Does your prtner hve problem? Reding work in pirs' studenta red extrct 1, student B red extrct 2. Then report the contents to ech other. Extrct Slowly, the drink begn to tke over nd things got worse. His behviour ws becoming unpredictble. He tells of one incident in club on Sundy fternoon when fight broke out nd he nd some friends were involved. Minutes lter he ws outside being questioned by police nd then spent severl hours t the police sttion. He ws relesed without chrge but, in spite of tht shock, rhe next dy he ws bnging on the door of his locl pub five minutes before opening time, crving his first drink of the dy. Then it dwned on him. Wht kind of person stnds outside pub every dy desperte fbr drink,/ Only someone with drink problem. He ws well_known sportsmn perhps, but secretly he ws lonely. desperte lcohol ic. Addictions Extrct 2 One dy, he rrived for trining in bd stte. t ws to be the big turning point. The first person he sw ws Steve Jcobs. "'ve got drink problem ncl need to go to meeting of Alcoholics Anonymous," he blurted out. At lstl He'd sid it! Tony Adms, respected cptin of Arsenl nd n Enelnd interntionl. winner of six mio, trophies in English footbll, w, skinc for help for rhe firsr rime in his lil'e. He finlly dmitted tht he hd problem tht ws too powerful to fce on his own. Almost immeditely, ry of hope cme to him. Despite the mess he ws in. if he could devote the sme enthusism nd energy to keeping offlcohol s he hd to plying footbll, then he hd chnce. Tboos nd /ssues J t J J 1 ( 1 J l u / J t t b f Li d L4 4 y fr

84 t E ; i ; _t E E E E E t' h l, Now red the texts gin nd choose the best nswers below: 1.ln the club one Sundy fternoon. thc lvritcr's iriends strtcd fight' b. the writer strtecl fight. c. it is not cler rvho stirrted the fight. 2. The writer rr. kncw hc corrld stop drinking by himself. b. eskcd someonc to hclp him stop drinking. c. met sonreone from Alcohcllics Anonymous. Why do you think tht such successful sportsperson becme n lcoholic? Lnguge 1 Use these words to complete the sentences: ttdllictit,e ttddict dtldictt! tttldictirtrt lcobrtlic ttlcohol tlcrtbolism 1. A slrrprisitrg numbcr of peoplc re. to grunbling. 2. Hc checkecl into rr clitric to try to get over his clrr.rg..i.l'vc never met nyone who is ctully drug 4. Uoth heroitt ncl crck cocine re ertremely. substirnces..5. Shc rerlisecl he w:rs n.. when he strrrtcd clrinking t brekfst time. (r. The problem got so bd he strted hiding... irroltncl the house. 7. Overcotning... is dily process. [t rrerlns svitrs'n(t' to drink every dy for the rest of vottr life. Lnguge 2 Use the correct form of these expressions to complete the sentences below: seek ltrofessionl h elp get with drwl symptoms kick the hbit hue drink Droblem tuke dn orrrdo* 1. think my boss You cn smell lcohol on his brcth first thing in the morning. 2. She died fter ccidentlly of sleeping pills. 3. A lot of people wnt to give up smoking, but it's very difficult to. '. 4. When he wsn't ble to get hold of ny drugs for few dvs. he strted to.. '.5 Ẉhen he relised he ws ddicted to lcohol. hedecidedto... Discuss these questions in Pirs: l. Wht is the differcnce between hbit nd n ddiction? 2. took irgrrin irr the list you mde erlier. Are some types of ddiction more socilly cceptblc thn othcrs? f so, which types nd why do you think this is so? 1. Arc the following ddictions relly possible? Are they dngerous in ny wy? M1, son's nldictetl to footboll! lt's like drug to hint. 4. Do become ddicts?,vou iecl tht there re certintypes of personlity who re more likely to.5. Wht woulcl vou clo if you forrndout tht collegue hd serious ddictionproblem, but ws ckring rrothing rrbotrt it? boos nd /ssues 'm shopholic! cdn't resist buying cktthes. 'm d chocholic! cn't liue dy withctut it. Addictions 40

85 1 Deth Bc wre tht discussion of deth t ny rlme rs cpble of triggering powerful emorions. Reding Put the s.tudents in pirs. Ech member of the pir rec'ls different text, then reports the contents of the texrs to ech other. They then w.rk rhrorrg,h the questions rug"rh"r. ' Answers: 1. probbly b. 2b. StLrdents could look t the discussion questions in prilirs ncj rhen report bck to ttr..t]rr. Lnguge l. dying 2. murder 3. dying 4. killing.t. kill 6. murder 7. deth S. murder 9. deth 10. deth The three idiomtic expressions ll men:.he,s ded.' Discuss ny similr."pr.rri.r* ir_, tt,. stuclenfs' own nguge(s). Thc crroon introduces the relted nd cjrrngerous re of suicide. See :rlso Units Nudity Ask students if they hve ever experienced nything like the sirurions in 1_6. Reding lb 2 3 r is possible.,'. tl.t fccl.cvery bcrch should be nturisr Dench. z. hc.y will defend them in court if they hve behved resonbly. 3. A ;u;. crosschnnel rely swim. 4. Discounts on ferry services, cr rentl nd brekdown ir.rsurnce, irnd nudist Cribben.ruir.r. Lnguge. possibly 2. bsiclly 3. idelly 4. relisticlly 5. surprisingly 6. obviously 7._Surprisingly 8. Bsiclly" 9. delly 10. relisticlly 1:. Obviously 12. possiblv 3 Pof iticlly incorrect jokes Be rvrned rht lthough this.i;s1e', it is potentilly one of likcly to offend. Unit by unit notes ls not sertous the units most Lnguge l. rnke 2. drown 3. put 4. climb 5. throws 6. rerrin 7. hve g. tke 9. cll 10. sy You could put the students in pirs nd grve jokes 15 ro one srudenr nd e_t0 to the other. \X/hen they hve completed rhem, ger srudenrs ro tell the jokes to ech other. Reding Pretech ny vocbulry students rnight need. Ncrte: pitbull terrier is prriculrly fierce breed of dog.'woof is the word *. u*,,, describe dog's brk it is lso the sound of something bursting into flmes. ollowup There re lots of websites dedicted to jokes of this kind. You could sk students ro serch for more jokes on specific subjects on the web. 4 Tboo converstion topics Different cultures see different subjects s tboo. You cn exploit this with multi_lingul clss. Reding Get students to red the converstionsnd work out the people nd situtions on theirown nd then compre their nswers ln plrs. n Britin it is not,the done thins, to sk people how much they ern.r, h.r* ujh they weigh. Possible replies to the questions in converstions 2 nd 3 re:, Converstion 2: Nor ds much s,d lik; Solicitors ren't s uell picl s you think, you know; Oh! get by; don't thiik tht,s ny of your business. Converstion 3: Tht's rther Dersonl question; More thn should: li n1, look lct b.ut it's ll muscle, you know; donlt knctut _ dren't get on the scles these tlys. The crtoon This gives you the opportunity to sk studerrts if religion is tboo topic mong their friends. Lnguge 1Q 2R 3Q 4R 5R 6Q 7R 8Q er You could now return to converstions 2 nd 3 nd sk students to.red them in pirs, inserting some of the expressions from this exercrse. Your best friend To finish off, put srudents in pirs nd sk them to choose one of the sttements nd write short dilogue round it. They cn then red their dilogues ro the clss. Unit by unit notes Tboos nd /ssues

86 tr 18 T il f, fl f, :T :! 3 :T t : :' r 5 lt should be bnned! This unit covers lvidc vriety of topics. f, cluring thc lessotr, discttssion f<lcuses on one pirrticlrlrrr topric, vou rey wish to erplore tht further rrrthcr thn finish thc othcr ctivities. Sonre topics nrcntitlncd in this unit re whole tur.rits irbortion, clrugs, nuditl', rcism, gun 1losscssiot.t rrncl rrnit.tt:rl rights, for exnrplc. Reding hr thc first tert rt'look tlre other wy'prllicv is rvhen the police ignore people breking the lw. n thc thircl tcrt the custome r's iustifiction for srrroking wrls: i't ltr is :t plce for vices (bd hebits), rutd lre ci'ttr't drink without smoking. Lnguge.'rri going on?. protest girinst 3. sign 4. crrtnprtigns 5. lobbr' 6. rrrge 7. boycott 8. crrrrv ottt 9. bn Newspper lnguge lc 2h icl 4.5f 6b 7c 8g Notice therc rrre two lightherted suggesticlns btllrornn tlncing ncl sr,rp operds. Ask students if thcrc rlrc ilny other less serious things they u'ould like to birn. Ask stuclents to justifv whv ccrtrrin things should be bnnecl. This coulcl be usefrrl source of lcris: it tltntttges y'our heltlt; it degrdes women' it's,t lt,trbttric sport, it's morlllt wrong etc 6 Not my type T'[ris unit looks t ph,vsicl ttrction but t hbits rncl chirrcteristics which repel rther tlrrrn rrttrrrct. You miglrt wnt to check the list on thc seconcl pge fttr rtything potentilly erttl.rlt'rllssittg or <lffertsive. Reding ch nrerlber of pir rcds different letter. Thev therr rcport the letters to ech other before working throtrgh the discussion questions. l.l fct likc being sick; this rnust be sttme kind of'ltcrnttnent conditictn; cn't go on bolding nry brcttth: t*tn't et'en look in her direction tt'ben sbc tttlks to me ; This is not your duerdge ntrtrrringbreth kintl of smell this is more like sornctbing brts tlied inside her. The crtoon Which rrcljective best clescribes the crtoon: iurtrtt,, oiicnsit,c, childish, rcist, mdle cb,t ttt, i rt i st, st tt P i di boos nd /ssues ollowup Ask students to write letter bsed on those they red erlier, either fr<lm their expcrience of prtner, or choosing one or two problems from the list in the finl discussiott. Alterntively, they cn write letter giving dvice to either Thoms or EmilY. See lso Unit Sex for sle lc 2c 3d 4b 5f 6 Note tht the term escort is often used s euphemism f<tr Prttst itttl t'. Should we leglise brothels? Students could work in pirs nd red one tert ech, then report to ech othcr. Both sttements re flse. Ask students who they most gree with Helerr Mddocks or Jnet Boyce. f there is roughly even split, you could plce students with opposing views in smll groups nd, ftcr few minutes' silent preprtion, give them five minutes to try to persude others of their r lument. Lnguge 1 do dcres not collocte with the issue. Lnguge 2 1.,f,h,k 2.b,c,i, 3.d,e'g,i f your students enjoy role ply discussions, put them in pirs, sk them to chtlose onc of the speech bubbles nd prepre nd prctise converstion round the sttement. They could 'perfornt' their converstions for the clss. ollowup Students could write their own views on prostitution bsed on their discussions. Swering Plese note this unit not only discusses swering, it lso contins ctul swer words' Reding Students could work in pirs rrd red one text ech, then report to ech other before working through the questions together. Answers: 2 nd 3 re true. 4 t's possibility. Lnguge You should cross out the following: 1. rude 2. obscene 3. eood 4. terrible Unit by unit notes

87 lt t is very diificulr for students to pprecite the exirct force of sll i r is pprop,.,"* lt:,:,[1il:":lhffi *;: pollrf ollt tht if they decide,., ur.r*"nr rhey ru,r words, high risk of _;;;ri,, rrncl sounding *rnn* either very silly or ve_ry offensive. Avoiding swer words i,= fuck 2. lipping = fuckine r. t'rtecrlrrrg, hlood). 4. suglr = i. shit P = piss 6. B = btstrd 9 Torture Accorcling to Amnesry nter:ntionl: 124 countries 1. At ). lest Ar t"rrt +e (Nr"rrnbers,re..rffi;.; nor decresing.;;;; securiry potrce,1,i."'nc1 <f 132;;;il;;;e nr tortunnll involved or ill_treting their.irir"rrr.t Reding The counrries irre: Chile, the USA l. nd So tht rnce. she worrtd si"; ;h;",'ljo} who hd skeci i pri.r, her forn"lp..fficers 2. i;fl*'p,rti." were punisrr" in,iiuj.;';j of conrplints.,;" number 3. n borrt supplied who rh; :ir;."rormtron Ciive stirdents few minutesto think these bour cluestions lone beforethey discuss rhem. Lnguge 1 l. rrs result of 2. f<.tr the rest inrerview of 3. rn n with 4. lr.r "n.ffort,"',. l, the hnds liirl;l,, rhe bsence r>f 7. in"i;",.; 8. by rhe Lnguge 2 l. by the encl of 2.,r the hnds of 3. rn view <tf 4. f<>rhe rest of 5. s " l"lrr, "i 6. in n utrervlew with 7. in n effort to S. in tlr" bsence clf Extr ctivity Ask students if they hve ever seen cxpe.'enced or hevy_hnded police use cii,"rr..t rer t, gs,,h. rubber bullers ";J;;;.. cr.lnnons cceptilble for crowd.o.,r.o'il See lso Unit Sexul hrssment Look for cllrrcnt cses fo cld to this unit. Reding hrssrnenr,1::t*:", in rnce rr.rssrnenr is limited to by slrperi.r of,";;;;;;;,.. Unit by unit notes 2. Usully wom.n is fired, then she goes rc) courr. 3..Mny judges blme,lr.lr".y,fr. womn dresses. Lnguge l. in 2. for, of 3. t 4. wirh 5. up 6. bour 7. between Ask students if rhey gree with scnrcnce oltowing 4. senrence z,""j rr;;;;;;'!,u. exmples run.," of wht i ro py ".o,.ng,,. :,il' ff::i'j:l::;hi1'il""' Students cn discuss the situtions smll in pirs groups or before o f""db"lk,.rr",i'rv,rft whole ctss.,fr. Ask srudents ri,;;;il; srrurions :.Tild rhem of personl.rp.r,.r,.". ' Ask the clss if they find,h;.:".,;'uff"r.,riu.. ollowup Ask students to find cse of fernle_ro_mle hrssment on fhe web before fhe next lesson. 11 Bribery nd corruption Lnguge 1c 2f 39 4h 5b 5 7d ge r,hospirtity : fl {t^ lpurrir.,ty bribe) J. brthe 4. rew tip 7. 6' infruence g. perk n fru:rxrj' Ask srudenrs if rhey hrvc ever heen givcn rewrd rip. or bri dc, they get in,n"?,iljfjl'v wc,rk. *l,t pe,ki Reding Students could work in groups of three. Ech member of the sro.up reds different rticle. l.: :n"r,.po.i rrr".",* i, i'ii"' "',,,. r ",,, rhe group. The rticle bout the bus dr:iver does nor r.nvolve corruption. lb 2b 3 or studenrs who T::.,.""Tpres or ;:#ffit1;h'r11,1* n" tnr they hve red or herd,1,";;;; Lnguge 1. rewrd 2. fvour 3. influence 4. perks 5. rip 5. hospitlitv.''' 7. bribes g. oii,h. n._r. Mke sure students re wre tht suggest they cn lterntive responses in ech sitution. You could lso sk echgrolrp to.norher rhink of bribery sirution/ dilemm the to plrr other groups. ro See lso Unit 20. Tboos nd /ssues t { l/ 1 4 A f U J E J rrl C''4 *l J*1 J 1

88 tr tr ts Er p r fl f, i! q =r f, =l rt Et r b tr 12 Designer bbies Clivcn tlre speec'l irt rvhich genetic science ts cieveloping, this srrb;ect looks set to be t the forcfront of ethicl clcbirte for somc yers to conre. Studcrrts my hve strong views on the cxtent to r,vhich wc should interfcre with nturc rrncl the possible effects of such interference, wlrethcr bcneficiirl or otherwise. Reding The ones wnt er bbv girl becuse their only clughter diecl ncl the,v feel tht their fmily lcks 'ir fcmrrle climension'. T 23T (,ive strrclents two or three minutes to think bolrt this lone beiore prrtting them in smll lirollps to shrc their views. You could then tke rr clrrss vote irncl hold clss debte. Lnguge Yrrr.r shcrulcl cross olrt: build nd stright. You coulcl sk strrdents to give more exmples of how people might use genetic engineering to 'crcrlte' people in thc future. Notc thc quote t the bottom of the pge. Ask stuclents to crplin wht the professor mens nd sk whcther they gree with his prediction. 13 Children who kill Cirses of chilclrcn committing brutl nd horrific nrurclers in both the UK nd the US prompted this unit, which rrrises the questions of why thcsc things hppen nci wlrt should be done irbout thc perpetrtors. You could rrlso discrrss the ge t which people cilu vote, join the rmy, hve sex leglly, smoke, bu.v lcohol, get mrried ncl get driving licencc. Reding Answers: The ltest trend is to tret child killers "if s thouglr the,v lvcrc dr"rlts: you re old enough to kill, you re old enough to fce dult penltie s. " True or flse? l hc nr.v get pirrolc 2T 3T 4T Lnguge b 2cl.l 4e 5c 6. evidencc (the others re people) 7. fine ( plrnishment, not il crime) 8. dult (the others rrre irll voufrg people) 9. witness (the others ll Tboos nd /ssues hve negtive connottions) 10. setltence (the others re ll to do with beine freecl) ollowup Students choose one of thc four finl discussiorl questions nc'l writc their response. See lso Units 17, 38, Gys nd jobs Over the pst 20 or 30 yers ttitudes (nd lws) in mny countries towrds gys hvc become considerbly more liberl. Howeveq tt.t some res of life, there is still considerble prejudice. n some countries homosexulity remins tboo subiect nd homosexul cts my even be illegl. People oftcn hvc strong feelings bout gy issues. Reding 1. The second rticle. The problem is tht thc myor wnts her lesbin prtner to be the myoress. 2. The first rticle. The person is leving the nvy becuse he feels tht the (iovernment should not llow gys to join the rmed forces. True or flse? 7T 2 3 4T Lnguge 1. good militry resons, politicl nd legl resons, for similr resons, for no good militry reson, she sees no reson to..., 2. d is wrong. 'l see no resolt to chnge tny mind' is correct English one good reson 2. the rel reson 3. no reson 4. some reson. 4. powerful does not fit. The crtoon You my hve to explin wht fete is nd 'guess ' the weigbt of the cae competitiorr. 15 Animl rights The subject of niml rights cn provokc strong feelings, s evidenced by the ctivitics of the Animl Libertion ront in the UK, n orgnistion which tkes forceful, direct ctiotr girrst orgnistions nd individuls irrvolved in using nimls in scientific cxperimcnts. Possible uses: We keep them s pets, use their skin nd fur for clothes, test medicitres ncl cosmctics on them, frm thern for met or <tther products, keep them in zoos, trin them ttr perform in circuses, use them for trnsport, use them to pull nd crry things, rce them, use them for trnsplnts, send them into spce. Unit by unit notes

89 r Reding (clockw.ise fronr top left, ending in the. l.lc\t.spper rniddle) _ rticle; n clvertisenrent for ::1.:::,(lf,rcwspper or on biltbord); ectvcrtlsclncnt n filr puppies (in rrr newspper' sh'tr'rvincl.*,sonle c,rr\ or e rc,et 1,:ii,;l';J::,:l*: il::i:li:r', r.ricc irr rr zoo; lhcl,rn f,r,,ip.lil*,,r* Lnguge tn 2N 3() 4() 5() 6N 7() 8() en lln l0o l2n N<rticc ser,.erl urrrrsul,words: uel, pte de ti'rls,,srr/g// l, sc1 uirre, frie hedgehog, t":,rio7,iu. yuu coukl rrlso use the r cjisc'ssio' ;,,,;.',;:,;:'ilil l.l j;::]'n " 16 Mrrige Alrnost ccrtinly someone in the clss se'prrecl will be or hilve prents,_h., ()r. hru."r.i_,nrnr..t c\,'clt rlrc seprting t the moment. ObvioLrslr,,,rhi.s topic ln [.,e u"r1, nrnv preople. frr^fr,t f,r, Yrlu coulcl rrsk stucients for other syings thel' know. rht rbout lovc ndre ltionships. Who befieves wht? rs 2.1.ts 4.1 rs Lnguge l. sign r. brc.ks cbrvn 3. st 4. work up 6... colttcsts split 7. brek YoLr coulcl use onc of these points s firr the e firllow_upr bsis writing r"rki Scc lso L]nits 2.1, Nobody needs gun Thcrc Arc nlrrnv websites connected Dunblrre with both ncl Clol i' r<, e,. j.:.h ;,i;'ll,i:: *:'j Jlff,:r e n n,es brrckgrolrncl infonntion or if studelrts,nr'_,rr, y,r,,r. to clo sonrc reseitrch. Reding Thir is il l)(,r.\()n tl (.._+.._r...)plnron s opposed tc_r n..llil.. \()\'()u nrrghr wnr ro reilcl it sruclcnts lotrd while rerlcl, fo help enhnce the effect sontc()lre,rf crplressing thcir view. (lir t' sf trtle nt5 il f(,u. (r'estrol.ls r.re befi ll.llnlltes to irnswer the Answers: r.,,g"., ;::i,l[.:il :i:';:li::t' Unit by unit notes nd despir. 4. After the Dunblnc r.)rsscrc, l.)y: rvc.re trghtenccl. il" Norhirrg i"pp.n".l :rtter Clolumbinc. Lnguge 1. illegl 2. ouflrvecj.1. live s 4. wepon selfdefence.!. in Lnguge 2 lc 2 3d 4e 5tr f time is short, put.students_ in snrll groups let thenr nd choose which sct of quesrionl wnt they to discuss. Tl see rs, Units 5,, j, is vcry p,wcrful. ;;.t"t'" 18 The sfe of humn orgns This unir looks t orgn trnsplnts :rncl of the some r:elirted morl nd cthicl irrl,*.'if member " of the clss.hs ""),.ii;..:;;,'.'ln',ri.".t experience of trnsnln,r,_h"u,""u'ir.'*if shre ling tht t<r with the clss. Be sensitive fht ro rhe trnsplnts fct re ufr.n unr,,..1";;;,i.' f nyone hs n orlindonor cilrci, sk clirss if the cn hve look t rt. Reding 1.,\4ny of our borrowers only hve olre. rccorded ].H. rhe 1.rh1r11g L.1llr'. 3. Becusc.f.rpnese the rt'lier c thcir l.,odit,r ll.e screcl. cost you 4. t,tt drt Ltrnt nd d leg. Lnguge 1 1g 2h 3e 4d i 5c 7f glt Lnguge 2 l. krng nd hrcl,2. cly nd ge.1. blck nd whitc 4. wit ncl see.!. few nd fn, l.,"rlv."n 6. first ncl firrenrtr;t 7.l"rp, ",rj h,,un.t, 8. sick ncl rired Extr ctivity n the UK,people givc bkr'cl vollrntrily, pymeut, witlr.ut but in some countries blood re cionors pid for their contributionr. d;;r',r,ryone clss givc in blood? Arc they, pnid? i, ;;is rieht? olfowup Asl< the clss fo se.rch fhe internef for.ffering websites tne possihiuty 'f ir,;;j;;;;,;,;;,, 19 ADS This unit inrs fo be inforrnirtive s provoking well s cliscussion. As thc ".ri.]t",fr, informtion gun.l is the hesr wy of prcventing much ADS of rhe blme for rhe.,r"r"r"i"g of sprred ADS cn be mributed,,,,*".rr,r..1",r.1i Tboos nd /ssues t 7 J { e 1r g

90 T t T g tr ts ts tr! g o i i g rg r! fl r b tr h prcjr"rdice. A discussion on ADS my rrse issues rclrted to mlc homttsexulity, morlity rrnd scnrrrl frcecloln. You need to consider this lvhcrr clecic'ling whether to Llse this r:nit. 1., b rrrtcl cl rrre ll possible wys of pssing on HV infection. 2. Thev re ll frlse. Reding l. SubShrrr Afric 2. No. 3. Roughly equl numbcrs of mcn nd women. 4. Young dults ncl pcople irr erl.v middlc ge. Thc tretments re roo expensive. 2. t kills the pcople who risc the children, support the elclerlv rrd build the country's economy. 3. (loocl informtion bout how to prevent irrfection. 4. The clifficulty of using condoms; ir wot.rtrln's clcpendency on her husbnd; the dcnil of sorlc governlnents tht there is prclblerrr. Lnguge 1 2. clevelop 3. producc 4. hve 5. prevent 6. bc rrrdc 7. rvoicl 8. fight f. increse 10. mrrkc l lcl Zc 13 l4e 15b Lnguge 2 l. clevckrped 2. prodrrcecl 3. vilble 4. prevcnt 5. incresing 6. void 7. hd tl. fight 9. nrirke 20 Telling lies After the trrsk, sk students whether their prtuer wrrs goocl irt lving or not. Reding 2T 3T 1. Hc resignecl in 1974 to strt writing, in order to py off his debts. 2. He resigned in 1986 over storics rtbout sending d2000 to prostitute..1. Becuse they lleged tht he slept witlr prostitute. 4. Beciruse he dmittcd pcrsucling rr frietrd to lie for him. Lnguge rr. teeth b. lie c. inch d. nswer e. leg f. pck l. pulling 2. give 3. lying 4. trust 5. told 6. tcll Tell the truth! [.et students work through the questionnire in prrirs beiore compring nswers s clss. Extr ctivity Prrt this list on the bord: Lwyers, estte Ltgents, politicins, secondhnd cdr slesmen, tltc police. Ask the cl:rss if nv of them hve boos nd /ssues reputtions for lying. f so, which rc thc worst? See lso Units Abortion Renrember tht when discussing b<lrtion, clceply held nd opposirrg vicws tnry l''t' erpressed. Personl exprerience of bortitln cn lso mke this very sensitive topic. Lnguge nd discussion lb 2d 3c 4 At thc end of this discussiort scction, students re sked outright for their victr,' on irbortton. Do not press students to give thcir views if they prefcr not to. Reding She feels her decision wes e positivc onc. Lnguge \c 2e 39 4d 5f 6h 7 8i 9b Wht bout the fther? This short reding text prornpts thc often forgotten question of the fther's rights towrds pre inncy. Discuss it in srnll groups or briefly s whole clss. Ask students first to divide the 10 views int<r prochoice sttements nd prolifc sttel.nents. They then work through the views in pirs or smll groups. inlly, hve clss discussiotl otl the sttements which ttrcted most c()llllllent. 22 Ntionl stereotypes This unit is reltively lightherted look t ntionl stereotypes but it cn, of course, still offend. To tke discussion to deeper level, however, you might wish the clss ttl crtlline the effccts of stereotyping. ls it nothing morc thn subtle form of rcism? Does it hve ir negtive effect? f so, wht is tht effect? Or is it relly no more thn little hrmless fun? f some students crete their own versiott of thc ;oke, sk them to red it lorrd to the cllss. True or flse? 1 the survey ws conducted in Arneric 2T 3T 4 they wnt to hvc things just likc t home 5 thcy ncver leve tip 6T Lnguge c 2d 3 4b 5f 6e 7i 8k 99 10i h Emphsise there re no right nswers here nd try to keep the discussion lighthertcd. Unit by unit notes

91 of lowup Ask stuclents to write clescription of their own They ]_l.l]ll,i"]ltt: rry wnr ro explode nrvths! somc lf rhcv rrsk olriect thenr to ntionl ro wrire sfereorypng, erplining why, rr.ft.rr'ller. pt,rs,rrrrl' with "'' *p.r;ln,_...'' Scc rrlso Unit 2i. 23 Cheting on your prtner True or flse? l t.tt 4T tt Lnguge lttd tt ort ni,qbt sfuntl,, sleep rotmtl, gontg bctl u,it/t to lsonteoncl, tteert intirrtttte ( tuitb Lt n () t b c r t Lt {) t tt fi ), b, r r r rru i' t i" ( u' ri "7 t r' rr r r,,l,t:::u:lr1in pirs or smll clrscussron. srolrps srrr rhe Then involv" th. wh,rl" clss. y,ru cruld tr1' ncl get sruclenrs," ;r;.:,i,r'r"." ine ills,lr" [,ctr,v.]c,r.lreing 'chcring'. ;rr, fri."jr:'r".f See rrlso Unirs 16, Are you body? hppy with your Closnrctic surgcry is on the increse ilre ncl people strtrtln.q to hve it rrt n incresingly ge.,this y.rung", unit prronr;.rts hf_serio.,r'jir.urriun on rhe ropic irnci is unrikery,,,,,ri.',...] illwrlvs, bur, s be scnsitive. Bring sonre pictures to clss _ thin supermodels, nruscly nren fr.m helth "r,ngnrin;r, peoprle, iiverw"ight blcl nren etc. Vru coulcl fincl out rvhefhe r nyone in hcl clss plstic hs surgery n, knn*r"iri"""'rf', n"r. Reding l. Thcy rv:lnr ro look like the people fil's they see 'cl in rnrguzines. 2. He,ildh; r(x) ri," _", )'oun.q.1. Thev re becoming'inc;singly c.'ce'ecl with their physrcl "p;;;;; lecrruse his wife wnred hint to. Lnguge l. rhinoplsfv (nosc iob) Z. vricose rcrrovrrl vern 3. hir inrplnt +. t,.""rr.nl,i.r"nl"n, i. fcclifr 5. runrnrv ruck Tlrc tt'rr.rlrout rhc frrtrening r()oms is conrplcrell. rrure irnd is he.e'ibr ir", ""f,fr."slt str cle. rs m ).'v, r.r r r,, d i r.u r, rrrjii ",ri' i u.r,,.rn. Sec rrlso LJnits 6,.16. Unit by unit notes 25 lmmigrtion nd rcism This is highlv sensitive urrit. Thc issucs ririses rht it hve beer_r the flirshpoint for nors, terrorisrn ncl evert rvrs. Usc rvith cutlonl Reding l 2T l. Therc rs nothing firr thern ro do _ entertinmcnt, no n() cinern, ctc. 2. Bccrruse refrrgees the needtt"t'" pctrce ncl quiet. 3. There ws no,,r.,r. Lnguge 1 1e 2c 3 4b.jcl 5. illegl immigrnrs 7. border conrrols s. ;nr,.,rig.rii,r,i,,rri.inr, 9. sylurn seckers 10. cconilnic rnigrnts Ask if srudents hve immigrnts recl ny reporrs of illegl dying on their j,r,,rniyr. "'' " f so, whose sk fult the cleths *.r". Lnguge 2 la 2P 3p 44 5D 6D 7D 8A or l) (clepending on rhe conrexr) olfowup Ask students to serch thc wcb for informtion on immigrnts or rcisrn in thcir homc rown. fii.;::i:ifi J?, i :L:[ i]i :[,'ff ;.;'", n.,, response to it, e ither greeing or clisgrecrng. See irlso ljnit Chnging sex People who chnge their sex cn rolrse feclings srrong in others; mosr people will hve no little experience or ol understnding of the problcm. l,,rl1t be good icleer ro f,,"f;,rrfr. i,",, ooking f,,, t rhc informrion l]ox t,h.lbnrru_ the second of pge in,,..1.,,,,.1",,;;: gender rerrs nd sex, ncl to e rplin *hu,,rrr.,. feel preople tht sex chng",rp.r"u,r,r',r'n.rr.r. Lnguge nd discussion Sy the words for studenfs to repct ncl get them to rnrk the stress. Reding 1. Becuse the regulr cusfoners felt rrncomfortble. 2. No. True or flse? l she srrrcd going recenrlv. 2T 3T Lnguge The purpose of this ctivity is ro give studenfs wide rnge ir of w.rds ro deicribe il,; ;h." would rect ir.r rhe discussion. siturrrio,rs Sy in rhe the i.ffr*i"* words f.r,,tud.nir"ri, "" " irncl get them to nlrk the,.p"", stress Tboos nd /ssues! t 1 q q r/ q ) q 1 d J rf 4 ril

92 ! T t r f T l 3 l T t!!! g rt :! =! rl if E E t h (ict stuclcnts to cliscr.rss the situtions in pirs or srrrrrll grotrps. 27 ls this news? Ask studcnts lvhrrt thcir prcferred TV chnnel is for nelvs reporting ncl whv. s tlrere norc 'sensi.ttiotrrt' c[rirttttc for ne'nvs reports? Lnguge rr. l)crrteu b. unknort'n c. breks d. rcgton e. ovcrcrowded f. filrl g. cled h. crossfirc i. r.verrthcr j. trcle k. blincl l. grphic ollowup Write rr similrrr lctter to the one bout thc Cbncorcle disstcr, cornplining bout one of the tr,vclvc ncws iteurs on the second pge. Pclint out to stucicnts the lngrrge thev cn Llsc frorn the Cor.rcorcle lctter: Lutt tl'ritit\{ lo srll'... \Vits i/ rcltll\ nccessllrl to... Did it rtot <tccttr to \'ott tht... etc. 28 The right to die n sotue clrtssestlrcleltts m,v hirve direct erpcrience of fricncls or reltives who, s rcsult of rrge, illness or ccident, hve bcerl in,.r situetior.r lvhere the ptient's right to die hs been consiclcrec'. or thesc clss members the to1'ric urrrv be prticulrll'emotive nd npsetting' 1. cuthrrtrrrsirr 2. slricicle 1. mltrclcr,{. rnnslrrughter Rcfcr to thc bor rrt thc hottom of the scctlnd pge ior clefinitiorrs of tvpcs of euthnsi. Reding lf 1'ou plrtt to hrrve rr whole clss discltssirln rrt thc cnd, rrlloctc five minrrtes for ech text so tlrrrt tlre groups finish t thc sme time. Life nd deth 1.life 2. life i. life/cleth 4. cleth 5. deth 6. life/clceth 7. cleth 8. life 9. life/deth 10. life l l. cleirth l2. life/cleth 13. life 14. lifc l.5.clceth 16. life lt.deirth [J. life/clcth ollowup Ask strr.lcttts t, r writ. of euthrttrrrsirr. Sec irlso Lnit l. boos nd /ssues l50 words on thcir vtew 29 Old enough to be her g rndfther! Serch thc web for fmous couplcs usirrg rheir nmes, ttnd ltren4ttidl greement or prcttttpti,tl contrdct. Reding You or student could red the first letter lorrcl to the clss. Another student cn rcrrcl the rcply. True or flse? T 2 3T 4 Lnguge 1 6 rrcl 7 probbly pply to the rcltionship irr the letters. Some people my think tht 4 pplies becuse of the ge differcncc. (lvrrics might feel tht 3 pplies! 2 b4 c.5 Lnguge 2 lc 2d 3 4b 5f 6e (extr ctivity) Get students to write their own personl dvertisemcnts on piece of pper nd stick them on the bord for everyonc to red. 30 Big Brother is wtching! This rrnit is bout privcv nd the cxtent to which employers cn keep n eye orr their workers nd obtin irrformtion bout thcm. t finishes with questitlrlnire which sks how much you respect others' privcy. Reding A 'cookie' is filc plced on vollr compltter l'rv Web scrver s sort of D. 1b or d 2. dn infringement of our ltriucy 3. it nmy be uttching yott, keep trdck of, keep n e)te on you, keep tbs on, lteing trced by, rccrtrd, trck. Lnguge PRVATE NSDE: behind closed doors, keep the press out rtf her priute life, insidc infornttion NORMATON C;ETTNG OUT: neurs g,ot ctut, the ffir leoked out, feel exltosed, out in tbe open, soontoberelesed 1. closed 2. orrt 3. privte 4. out 5. open 6. inside l)o students hve sirnilr erprcssiot'ts in thcir own lnguge? Privcy nd you After the clss hs discussed the situtions tn pirs or smll groups, go through the situtions Unit by unit notes

93 f rs lr clrtss itncl see whr; would do wht:,.n nurnbe r one, who would reird every pge?" etc. 31 Anxiety nd depression We clo nor normlly dmit to being cleeply urrhprp_v or depressed. This unit erplores the tl[roo of ctullr. dmitting tht yuu re not s hpprl, rls voll wclr.rlcl likc to be. tccl tlic informtion irbout the survey lorrcj. Stuclcnts r'utswer tlre qucstions in pirs. Reding You nrishr wnr ro red this loud while stuclcnts follow. l. [Je rvs suffcring from depression. 2. His nrrrirlec, his job, slcep, his socil life _ his r,vlrolc lifc, in firct. euestion 3 is irbout stuclents' or.vn erperiences. euestiorr 4 is cont pl(]tc gr_rcsswork. Lnguge l. c'lorvn 2. uslrl 1. wether 4. low 5. top 6. hrcl 7. under 8. tke Senrence 3 is usullv usecl ro trrlk irbout phvsicl helth. Ask studcnts if thcy hve hd ny experience of rrny oi these conclitions either their own. or sourc()ne thcy' knclrv. Reding f there is nv irdvice which srudents think is not helpflrl, crrn they dd their own, better dvice? Whirt rtbout rnediction from the cioctor? 32 Gy fmilies Ovcr the pst 20 rtr.30 vers ttitudes (nd ln,s) in ntilnv countries towrds gys hve beconrc consiclerbly more libcrl. Howevcr, ir.r sonre irrerrs <lf life, there is still considerble prejlrclice. n sonre countries homosexulitv rerlrrir.rs il tboo subject nd homosexul cts nrilv c\.cn be illegl. Reding The best hcclline is probbly: OUTRAGE AS (;AYS '[AN THRD C,H[.D True or flse? lt 2l rhcre wrts il problem bringing the chilclrcn into rhe colrnrry. 3 thev hvc fllen out uifh rhe girls' rnorhcr. 4T Lnguge lc 2cl lf,+b 5g 6h 7e 8 You crrr.r clescrilrc the frnily in the text s n rffllrerrr fnrilr, (they re millionires). Unit by unit notes After students hve discusscd their views in 1rirs or smll groups, perhitps tke clss vote on whether they think gvs should hve rhe legl right ro rnrrv. See lso Urrit Begging tncourge students to tell cch other bout nv experiences they hve hd with beggrs. l. Jmes 2. Edilson 3. An 4. Atsuk<r Poem Yorr could red this poem loud to the clss. Students might lso wnr ro recl it loud but they will need time to reherse it! The title rnens something like: might bc homeless, but cn still rell ycru wher think. Your chrity is shmeless refers to the line before * One penny tht the help given rs s<r smll. My pssing will be pinless mens 'll die pinless deth. Lnguge 1. penniless 2. clueless 3. counrless 4. powerless 5. hertless 6. fceless 7. pointless 8. worthless 9. pinless The clss cn compre their nswers in Drrs or smll groups nd then s whole clss. ollowup Students cn write their nswer to the very first questlon on pge one t home. 34 Compenstion culture Suing for compenstion is commonplrce in the US nd on the increse in rhe UK. iolr could supplementhis unit with rccent cses from the press. Alterntivcly, sk students to find.l cse on the web, serchrng rvith words like szc, d m ge s nd contp ensto n. Reding The lst prgrph refers ro two bsurd, potentil compensrion clims. Ask students if they think they could hppen. Lnguge 1. sue 2. wrded 3. get 4. took.5. settle 6. won 7. ppel Tboos nd /ssues i i 1 t t ( q J g A U A A fl

94 t 1 j j E! E E E tr E p tr fl il p p Extr ctivity f trst for iun, rtsk stttclents to use their inrrrginrrtiot'rs to cornplete these hecllines:.\/l,ir'llls sttt' lc'tt'l)(t ttr... Tt'lt lttr s//('i i///(/('/ts lrtr... )og sllcs ()tt'ttcr irtr... Ou'rtt,r slrcs,/og ior... C.hild sues pltrettts for... /'.n't'rtls srtr' cltilrl [,,r Sport nd money lc 2c.ld 4b.5e l\lichcl Schutrrtcher is picl the most, followcd bv Tigcr 'Woocls, Beckhrrttr, Willirrrns nd.fones. Reding Tlrc sport is Americrttr iootbll. l. Pirrking, tickcts, rcfreshments ncl sollvenlrs.?. Becrluse hc thought it ws very expensive ncl he,,von't lre going bck. 3. The tnoney he pys to scc rr grure prrvs the lrge slries tht the plirvcrs gct. f the plvers got more reirsrlnble srrlrrrv, he lvoulcl pl1' less to sec the gme. 4. llcerrrrst'lre ict'ls it is urottg to ne) sportspcople so rnr.rclr ntottev r'vhen there rc houtclcss ;leoplc otl the streets. Lnguge l. think?. rnone)"s 1. pcnrtv 4. trouble.5. trv 6. rtrouncl 7. risk L80 tltnt,n tltc tlr,tirt = [t 'uvits ir corrplete wste of dfl0. More issues Thc rncrt rrrc prricl tnttrc becltse they re on court for longcr, ttftcrt double the time of thc wolnen. Thc tnetr lrlso irttrct more sponstlrship nlonc\'. 36 Vnity This unit cor.rlcl be potentillv very enlbrrssing in certrritr clirsses, so Llse rvith cution! Bring sortrc nrcrl's rtttd lvomen's helth nd lifestvle nr:rgrtzittes t<l clrrss. You uright wiutt to orgrrnise students into smeser pirirs to cliscrtss the sttemcnts iirst. Then, if possiblc, rnir thent so )'otl hve rnle ncl ir fenr,rle clisctrssing the snte sttements. Reding Tlrings thrrt nten clo: golilg n heltb sptts dnd g1,r//s, botlt, brtir rcntot,tll, ntonicures, pedicures, tcctb tt'ltitening, liposrtctittn, plucking e)'ebrcxus. Tboos nd /ssues Lnguge 1. lots of men irrc strtitrg to go to hclth spils nd gyms 2. p,ving Lt gret clel of (unnecessr.v) ttention to their bodics 3. strottg nd visible stomch muscles (tht look like the top of sirprck of Lreer cns) 4. beconre less clerly clefined s to rvht is mle ncl rvht is fenrle 5. working out, getting biggcr rnttsclcs 6. give thetrselves L1 new rolc in lifc Lnguge 2 Put on u,eight nd let )'rntrself gt ilre tlre ocld ones ()Llt. L hs let 2. hs put orl 3. r'vtchirlg 4. tkc 5. sty 6. tke 7. rvork out ti. plllper. 9. ltse Vnity survey f it would not cuse cmbrrssmcltt, put the rcsults of the sllrvey (nmcs of stuclents nd points scorccl) orr displv in thc clrrss. The crtoon Thc crtoon could open Lrp the topic of obesit,v: why people get ft; why it's OK tor ;'rnln to bc ovcrweight, but not for womn etc. s it trttc tht inside every ft person therc is thirr one strrrgglirrg to get ottt? See lso Unit Leglising drugs Rcmember you lny hve stttdcnts who hvc experience (legl or illegl) of rccretionl drr,rgs. You rny lso hve studcnts who hve direct or indirect erperience <lf sclme of the verv negtive spects of drugs trnd clrug culture. Min soft clrugs: mrijun ncl cnnbis. Min hrd clrugs: cocine nci hcroirt. roll joint mke cnnlris cigrettc get high = when the drug stxrts t() ilffcct Yoil smoke dope = rnriiun snort cocine inhle cocinc through vour NOSC n cldict = solrlconc who rleeds to tke.r tlrutl becomc dclictecl = the process oi bectltttitlg.ttl ddict clverclose = dngert)tls lnollllt of.t drttg corne off clrugs = brck the ddictiorl The following resons re mentionecl: 7.2,4. 6. Lnguge L demrrgirrg 2. ddictive3. beneficil 4. immedite, longternl i. legl, illegl 6. clesigner Unit by unit notes

95 ? ollowup Stuclents could use ll or some of the eight strrtements in the lst discrrssion s the bsis for thcir own written opinion on leglising drugs. Scc rlso Units Turning the other cheek rlrgivcness cn be s shocking s other, more obvious, trrboo topics. Obviously, stlldents should not bc erpected to revel nything bout thcnrselves thrrt they do not wish to. Reding l. Thc irssrrult ws filmed nd shown on TV. 2. He wrrs ir truck driver. 3. They served 4 yers of thcir loyer sentences. 4. No. Mny people were outrged..5. No. They showed no relnorsc. Lnguge lc 2f 3b 4e 5 6d 7. hold grudge 8. wter uncler tlre briclge 9. forgive nd forget 0. blrr,v the htchet 1 l. turn the other cheek 12. got e chitrr on his shorrlder Scc lso Lhrit The deth penlty This is rrn errrotivc subject which people often hrrve strong opirrions on. Reding. (S)he didn't believe in it. 2. (S)he thinks tht rlurc'lerers cleservc the deth penlty. A possiblc followup question is to sk the students wlrether thev think the writer is mn or ir womrll.r, rtncl rvhy. The crtoon You rry hrrve to explilin the double mening of get shock Ask students which djective best clcscribcs the cirrtoon: sica, sttrltid, hilrious, brillint. s the crtoon ntiamericn? Lnguge 1 creetrtiorr. conviction. compenstion. irlprisonmcnt, pllnishment, bolition Lnguge 2 1. convicted 2. erecuted.3. bolishing 4. punishmerrt 5. imprisorrmcrrr 6. compenstion After thc clss hs discussecl the texts nd questions in smll grollps, hirve clss fecdbck session to shre ides irnd ooinions. ollowup Ask students to write ir short piecc giving their views on cpitl punishrnent. See lso Units 13, 28, Addictions You could strt the lessorr by writing on the bord: Euerybody's ddicted to something rrd sk students if they gree. Possible ddictions: smoking, lcohol, gmbling, drugs, work, shopping, steling, lying, chocolte, ser. Reding After students hve reported to ech other, givc them timc to red their prtner's text. Tony Aderms overcme his ddiction, returncd to highly successful footbll creer nd hs become something of n exmple for people who wnt to overcome ddictions. lc 2b Do this in pirs. Give students fcw minutes to discuss the lst c1rrcstion before discussing it s clss. Ask students if they know of :rny other sports people with ddictiorr problems. Lnguge 1 1. ddicted 2. ddiction 3. ddict 4. ddictivc.5. lcoholic 6. lcohol 7. lcoholisrn Lnguge 2 t hs drink problem 2. tking n overdose 3. kick the hbit 4. get withdrwl symptonrs 5. seek professionl help See lso Unit 37. Unit by unit notes Tboos nd /ssues