NORMS AND STANDARDS FOR WRITING AND SUBMISSION OF PH.D. THESIS

NORMS AND STANDARDS FOR WRITING AND SUBMISSION OF PH.D. THESIS Effective from July 2016 INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY Kursi Road, Lucknow-226026

CHECK- LIST (At the time of Ph.D. Thesis Submission) S.No. Particulars Available Not Available 1. Four spiral bound copies of thesis. Thesis should be written as per University format. 2. One CD (CD must have full thesis in PDF format and each chapter in MS Word separately. 3. Four bound copies of thesis summary. 4. Ph.D. Thesis submission form duly certified by Supervisor, Academic Department, RDC Cell, HoD, Dean and Chairman (RDC). 5. Copies of all fee receipts. 6. Copies of all research publications.

Annexure-I A thesis on -------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------- Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in -------------------------------------- Submitted by: ---------------- Enrolment No. & Date Department of Faculty of INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW, INDIA Month & Year

[If both the guides are from same organization] CERTIFICATE This is to certify that (name of student) has carried out the research work presented in the thesis entitled (title of the thesis) for the award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in (subject name) from Integral University, Lucknow under my/our supervision. It is also certified that: (i) (ii) (iii) The thesis embodies the original work of the candidate and has not been earlier submitted by me/us or any other candidate elsewhere for any degree. The candidate worked under me/us for the prescribed period, The thesis fulfills the requirements of the norms and standards prescribed by the Integral University, Lucknow. Signature of Supervisor Full Name Designation : Address: Signature of Co-Supervisor Full Name Designation : Address Date : Place : Note: If the Co-Supervisor is from other organization then letter of certification should be separate and that too on their letter heads.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Particulars Page No. Abstract List of Tables List of Figures List of Symbols, Abbreviations & Nomenclature iii v-vii viii-xi xii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Meaning of Industrial Waste 1 1.2 Use of Industrial Waste in Concrete Making 2 1.3 Ceramic Waste 5 1.2.1 Beneficiation of Ceramic Waste 12 1.2.2 Test of Ceramic Waste Coarse Aggregate 19 1.2.1 Procedure Adopted 25 1.2.2.2 Observations & Findings 29 1.2.2.3 Final Testing & Result Obtained 33 1.4 Sustainable concrete Technology 45 1.5 Ceramic Industrial Waste as Coarse Aggregate 58 2. CEMENT CONCRETE 69 2.1 Classification & composition of Cement 75 2.2 Alternate Aggregates 99 2.3 Properties and their test of Concrete 102 3. RENFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE 108 2.1 Measurement of Materials 110 2.2 methods of proportioning Concrete Mixes 120

Annexure-II. PREPARATION OF PH.D. THESIS (Prescribed Format & Specifications) 1. GENERAL : This manual is intended to provide broad guidelines to the Ph.D. scholars in the preparation of the thesis. In general, the thesis shall report, in an organized and scholarly fashion, an account of original research work of the research scholar leading to the discovery of new facts or techniques or correlation of facts already known (analytical, experimental, hardware oriented, etc.) and demonstrating a quality as to make definite contribution to the advancement of knowledge and the research scholar s ability to undertake sustained research and present the findings in an appropriate manner with actual accomplishments of the work plainly stated and honestly appraised. 2. ARRANGEMENT OF THE CONTENTS OF THESIS: The sequence in which the thesis material should be arranged and bound should be as follows: (i) Cover Page (ii) Title page (iii) Bonafide Certificate (iv) Abstract (v) Acknowledgement (vi) Table of Contents with page Numbers (vii) List of Tables (viii) List of Figures (ix) List of Symbols, Abbreviations, Nomenclature etc. (x) Chapters 1,2,3............and so on (xi) Appendices I, II, II and so on. (xii) List of Publications of Candidate s work (xiii) Bibliography The tables and figures, if any, should be introduced in the appropriate places. 3. SIZE OF THESIS: The size of thesis should not exceed 400 pages of typed matter reckoned from the first page of chapter 1 to the last page of the Appendix.

Annexure-III 4. PAGE DIMENSIONS & MARGINS: The thesis should be typed on Standard A4 size (297 mmx 210 mm) sheets. Top edge Bottom edge Left side Right side 30 to 35 mm 25 to 30 mm 35 to 40 mm 20 to 25 mm The thesis should be prepared on good quality white paper preferably no lower than 75 gsm. Tables and figures should be prepared on same type of paper and should also conform to the margin specifications. Large size figures should be photographically or otherwise reduced to the appropriate size before insertion. 5. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION : The scholar shall supply a typed copy of the manuscript to the supervisor for the purpose of his/her approval. In the preparation of the manuscript, care should be taken to ensure that all textural matter is typewritten as may be required in the same format throughout the final thesis. Some of the information required for the final typing of the thesis is included in this section: The headings of all items listed under point 2 should be typed in capital letters and centered 50 mm below the top of the page. The text should commence 4 lines below the main heading. The page numbering for all the items from (iii) to (ix) listed under point 2 should be done using lower case Roman numerals ( starting from ii, iii, iv..) and the pages thereafter should be numbered using Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3..). 5.1 Cover Page & Title Page A specimen copy of the Cover Page and Title page for the thesis is given in Annexure-I 5.2 Bonafide Certificate This certificate by the Supervisor shall be included in double line spacing using font face Times new Roman and font size 14, as per the format shown in Annexure-II. The certificate shall carry the Supervisor s signature and shall be followed by the Supervisor s name, academic designation only (do not include any responsibilities of administrative nature here), department and full address of the institution where the

Supervisor guided the research scholar. The term SUPERVISOR must be typed in capital letters between the Supervisor s name and academic designation. 5.3 Abstract Abstract should be an essay type of marration, not exceeding four pages, outlining the research problem, the methodology used for tacking the problem and a summary of the findings, typed in double line spacing using font face Times New Roman and font size 14. 5.4 Acknowledgement The acknowledgement shall be brief and should not exceed two pages when typed in double spacing. The scholar s signature shall be made at the bottom above his/her name typed in capitals. 5.5 Table of Contents The cover page, title page bonafide certificate and acknowledgement will not find a place among the items listed in the table of contents but the page numbers in lower case roman numerals are to be accounted for them. Spacing of 1.5 should be adopted while typing the Table of Contents. The specimen copy of the Table Contents for thesis is given in Annexure-III 5.6 List of Tables & List of Figures - These will be two separate lists on different pages. The lists should include exactly the same captions as they appear above the tables and figures used within the text in the thesis. Page numbers on which they appear should be mentioned in the list. Spacing of 1.5 should be adopted while typing the matter under these heads. 5.7 List of Symbols, Abbreviations, Nomenclature etc. - Spacing of 1.5 should be adopted while preparing this list. Standard symbols, abbreviations and nomenclature etc. should be used and page numbers where they appear in the thesis should also be included. 5.8 Chapters - The chapters may be broadly divided into three parts viz.,introductory chapter, chapters developing the main theme of the thesis, chapters discussing the results and conclusion. The main text should be divided into several chapters and each chapter may be further divided into divisions and sub-divisions as required. Each chapter should be given appropriate title and sub titles wherever necessary like; introduction, theory, experiments, results, conclusion or any other which may deem fit for the thesis. The tables and figures in a chapter should be included using single space and placed in the same page as the concerned material, directly underneath the matter to which they refer or describe.

Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should be typed using single spacing and placed in the very same page which refers to the material they explain. Captions should be placed above the tables and figures. No figure or table should be included in the thesis without a proper caption. 5.9 Appendices - Appendices are provided to give supplementary information, Appendices are provided to give supplementary information, which if included in the main text may serve as a distraction to the central theme under discussion. An appendix in a thesis should contain important information that serves as additional explanation about the topic of research. Appendices should be marked with Roman capital numerals ( Appendix-I, Appendix-II, Appendix-III..) placed on the upper right hand corner of the page, bold font, underlined and italicized. Separate appendices should be used for different type of data. Appendices may include: Questionnaires, if any. The results should be presented in the body of the thesis. Descriptions of any tools and equipments used to obtain necessary results. Raw data collected during the course of research also appears in appendices, while analyzed and summarized data is presented in the main body of the thesis. The list of publications made by the research scholar during the period of research should be brought in the Appendix titled List of Publications and the same shall be mentioned in the Table of Contents as a separate heading. 5.10 List of References A list of references should be included at the end of each chapter. Any sentence or paragraph taken from a publication for the purpose of inclusion in the thesis is to be given within inverted commas in the thesis and a reference to it must appear at the end of each chapter. For example; Inequality between men and women seem to exist at almost every level of socio-economic sphere in India. (Ref. No. 12) A full reference will appear at serial number 12 under the references listed at the end of that particular chapter. The format, depending upon the reference made to a book, journal, article or website, may be used as mentioned below: Reference to a Book/ Journal: SURNAME OF AUTHOR. First Name/Initials, (Year of Publication). Title of the Book/Journal, Publisher. Place of Publication, Page numbers. Example: FLETCHER, Sir banister, (1997), A History of Architecture, 18 th Ed Charles Scribner s Sons, New York, pp 210-220. Reference to an Article in a Journal : SURNAME OF AUTHOR OF THE ARTICLE, First Name/Initials, (Year of Publication). Title of the Article Title of the Journal, Publisher, Place of Publication, Page numbers.

Example: GEETIKA &NANDAN (2008), A study of socio-economic influences on perceptions of gender equality in India, Integral Review, Integral University, Lucknow, pp 13-15. Reference to an Article in a Book: SURNAME OF AUTHOR OF THE ARTICLE, First Name/Initials, (Year of Publication). Title of the Article SURNAME OF THE AUTHOR OF THE BOOK, First Name/Initials, Title of the Book, Publisher, Place of Publication, Page numbers. Example: TOWNROE, P.M., (1996), Urban Sustainability and social Cohesion, in PUGH, C., Sustainability, the Environment and Urbanization, Selro Publishing Services, Oxford, pp 181-186. Reference to a Blogpost or an Article on a Website: Complete Site URL including the link to the article, Title of the Article, (Date of Last Update). Example : http://www.ibef.org/industry/biotechnology.aspx, Market Size and the Key Opportunity Segments, (March 2010) The publications of the author of the thesis during the period of his/her research should not be included in the list of references and should be separately mentioned as explained in 5.9. 5.11 Tables & Figures - The word table in this context means the tabulated numerical data included in the thesis as well as appendices and all diagrammatical material such as charts, pictures, graphs, maps, photographs and diagrams may be designated as figures. A table or figure including the caption should be accommodated within the prescribed margin limits and appear on the page/ or after the page(if the table or figure cannot be adjusted on the same page ) where their first reference is made. Tables and figures on half a page or less in length may appear alongwith the text. However, they should be separated from the text both above and below by triple spacing. Two or more small tables or figures may also be grouped on a single page. All tables and figures should be prepared on the same paper used for the preparation of the rest of the thesis. Samples of fabric, leather, etc. if absolutely necessary, may be fixed/ pasted properly on a page and should be treated as figures.

5.12 Bibliography A bibliography provides an alphabetical list of sources that may have been used in order to complete your research work. If the bibliography is not included one may be accused of plagiarism (which is stealing another person s ideas or writing). Bibliography should be in a list form (properly numbered using Arabic numerals) typed in double line spacing using font face Times New Roman and font size 14. All the books, Journals, magazines, websites, etc. referred to, during the course of research work, should be mentioned here. The format to be followed for making this list may be taken from point number 5.10. The specific lines used and the page numbers, from which they have been taken, need not be mentioned here. Remember, those have already been mentioned under the list of References at the end of each chapter. 6. ADDITIONAL TYPING INSTRUCTIONS: This section includes additional information for final typing of the thesis. Some information given earlier under point 5 and all its sub-points should also be referred to. 6.1 General The same font should be used uniformly throughout the thesis. A sub-heading at the bottom of a page must have atleast two full lines below it or else it should be carried over to the next page. The last word of any page should not be split using a hyphen. Spacing of 1.5 should be used for typing the general text in the thesis. The font style should be Times new Roman and font size 14. Single spacing should be used for typing long tables, long quotations, foot notes, multilane captions for tables or figures and references at the end of chapters. All quotations exceeding one lone should be typed in indented space; the indentation being 15 mm from the margin. 6.2 Chapters Apart from the introductory chapter, the main body of the thesis may have any number of relevant chapters properly numbered. Unnecessary chapters should not be included just to increase the number of pages in the thesis. As far as possible, the desired number of pages as mentioned earlier in point number 3 should be adhered to. To put the point across; crisp headings, division headings and sub-headings should be used. The format for typing chapter headings, division headings and sub-division headings.

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Integral University Integral university, integral university, integral university, Integral university, integral university, integral university 1.1.1 Faculty of Science Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science 1.1.1.1 Department of Mathematics Department of mathematics, department of mathematics, Department of mathematics, department of mathematics, 1.1.1.2 Department of Languages department of languages, department of languages, department of languages, department of languages, 1.1.2 Faculty of Architecture faculty of architecture, faculty of architecture, faculty of architecture, faculty of architecture, The word CHAPTER should be centered 50 mm down from the top of the page. Two spaces below, the title should be typed centrally in capital letters. The text should commence 4 spaces below this title. The division and sub-division captions alongwith their numberings should be tabbed and formatted as specified above. The typed material should commence 2 spaces below the division or sub-division headings. Within a division or sub-division paragraphs are permitted. The paragraphs should commence 3 spaces below the last line of the preceding paragraph and should be suitably indented from the left hand margin. Alignment of the text/ paragraphs should be justified throughout the thesis. 7. NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS: This section includes numbering instructions which are to be followed for the final thesis. Some information given earlier under point 5 and sub-point 5.9 should also be referred to for additional numbering instructions.

7.1 Pages All page numbers (whether Roman numerals or Arabic numerals) should be typed on the lower right hand corner 20 mm from the bottom with the last digit in line with the right hand margin. The preliminary pages of the thesis should be numbered in lower case Roman numerals. It is to be assumed that the title page is numbered (i) but this should not be typed and the page immediately following the title page shall be numbered (ii) and typed at the position as already specified above. Pages of the main text starting from Chapter-1 till the Appendices should be consecutively numbered using Arabic numerals (1, 2,.3 ). 7.2 Chapters, Divisions & Sub-divisions The numbering of chapters should be done using Arabic numerals only and further decimal notations should be used for numbering the divisions and sub-divisions within a chapter. See point 6.2 for an illustrative example. 7.3 Appendices As already mentioned earlier, appendices should be marked using Roman capital numerals (Appendix-I, Appendix II, Appendix-III.) placed on the upper right hand corner of the page. The numbering on the pages of appendices should be in continuation with the main chapters of the thesis using Arabic numerals as stated above. 7.4 Tables & Figures - Tables and figures appearing anywhere in the thesis should bear appropriate numbers. If four figures happen to be in chapter 3, then the numbering would be as Figure 3.1, Figure 3.2 and so on. The numbering on the table would also follow the same pattern as Table 1.6, Table 4.2 etc. within chapters and would be written as Table ((AIII.2),Table (AII.4) if they appear in Appendix II & III of the thesis. Same rule will apply for figures in Appendices. 7.5 Equations Any equations appearing in the chapters or appendix should also be numbered serially. For example; An equation appearing in chapter-6. If it happens to be the eighth equation in that chapter, should be numbered as Eq. (6.8). Similarly, while referring to 3 rd equation in Appendix II it would be typed Eq. (AII.3).

8. SUBMISSION OF THESIS: After the successful completion of research work by the candidate, four spiral bound copies of thesis alongwith four copies of summary and one CD are to be submitted to the University for evaluation. including photo copy of the all fee receipts and photocopy of publications. As per Annexure-IV. 9. FINAL SUBMISSION OF THESIS: After the viva-voce is successfully over, the candidate shall submit three hard bound copies, one CD and one passport size photograph of the thesis incorporating all the suggestions at Pre-Ph.D. and open viva voce stage. One thesis and once CD is to be submitted to Library for Shodhganga by the candidate under Certificate by Library..

INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW (Ph.D. Thesis Submission Form) Annexure-IV 1. Name of Candidate : 2. Department : 3. Faculty : 4. Enrollment No. & Date of Registration : 5. Name of Supervisor : 6. Name of Co-Supervisor, if any: 7. Title of the Thesis : 8. No of research paper published: (Copy Attached) Date: Signature of the Candidate -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Recommendation and Signature of Supervisor: Certified that all necessary jobs have been completed. Recommended for Thesis Submission. HoD Dean -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Academic Department 4 Spiral bond copies, Summary & one CD.. Fee Clearance Status ( All receipt copies attached). Any other required... Date: Signature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ RDC Cell Date: Course Work Status Last RDC comments.. Plagiarism check.. Signature Comments of PVC (Chairman RDC) :-