Capstone Experiment Setups & Procedures PHYS 1111L/2211L Picket Fence 1. Plug the photogate into port 1 of DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 interface box. Setup icon. the 850 box. Click on the port 1 plug in Digital Inputs. 5. Choose Picket Fence. 7. The Record button should the photogate can collect 8. To choose a data collection page template, click on the table & graph icon. 9. Add two columns to the table by clicking on this icon twice. 10. The table columns will contain time, position, speed, & acceleration Click on <Select Measurements> of the first column and choose Time. 11. Click on <Select Measurement> of the second column and choose Position. 12. Likewise, assign the third and fourth columns to display speed and acceleration. 13. The graph will display velocity vs time. Click on the <Select Measurements> of the vertical axis and choose Speed. The horizontal axis should automatically set to Time. 14. Since speed is plotted vs time, the slope of this graph is acceleration. You can fit the data to a straight line by clicking on the fit button and choosing linear. 15. When the experiment is finished, you Atwood s Machine 1. Plug the photogate into port 1 of DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 Interface box. Setup icon. the 850 box. Click on the port 1 plug in Digital Inputs. 5. Choose Photogate With Pulley. 7. The Record button should the photogate can collect 8. Double click on the graph 9. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis and choose Linear Speed.
10. When taking data, you will probably end up with spuriously points like the last ones in the figure below. You can avoid using those in your fit by clicking on the Highlight icon. This will give you a box that you can use to highlight only the data points that you want to use. 11. When the desired data are highlighted, click on the fit button and choose linear. Your plot should look something like the figure below. 1. Plug the yellow and black jack plugs of the motion sensor into ports 1 and 2 of the DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 data collection box. the 850 box. Click on the port 1 plug in Digital Inputs. Choose Motion Sensor II. the Motion Sensor can collect 7. Double click on the graph 8. When the experiment is finished, you Friction 12. Since speed is plotted vs time, the slope of the line provides the acceleration. 13. When the experiment is finished, you Bouncing Ball 1. Plug the force sensor into the A port of the Analog Inputs on the 850 data collection box. Note that the 8 pin DIN connector must be inserted with the arrows on top. 2. Double click the Capstone icon to start the data collection 3. Click on the Hardware Setup icon. the 850 box. Click on the port A plug in Analog Inputs.
5. Choose Force Sensor. 7. The Record button should now be red, indicating that the photogate can collect 8. Double click on the graph icon (on the right-hand side of the window) to bring up 9. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis and choose Force. 10. When running an experiment, be sure to begin pushing the force sensor lightly against the block and build up force slowly. When the block begins to move, try to push it along at a constant speed. 11. To find the average value of the kinetic friction measurements, click the Highlight button and frame just the desired 12. You can display the Mean of these data by clicking on the Statistics icon. Clicking on the pull-down menu on the Statistics icon will allow you to check Mean. 13. Your graph should look something like the figure below. 14. To find the static friction just before the block began to slide, you can expand the highlight box to include the peak of the graph, and then check Maximum in the Statistics pull-down menu. 15. When the experiment is finished, you Ballistic Pendulum Photogate 1. Plug the photogate into port 3 of DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 interface box. the 850 box. Click on the port 3 plug in Digital Inputs. 5. Choose Photogate. 7. Click on the Timer Setup icon. 8. Since we ll use the Pre- Configured Timer, click Next. 9. Since we ll use a Photogate on Ch 3, click Next. 10. Click the Select a Timer dropdown menu and choose One Photogate (Single Flag). 11. In the next step, just the Speed box should be checked. Click Next. 12. Set the Flag Width to 0.0254 m. Click Next. This value is one inch, the diameter of the ball. 13. Click Finish. 14. The Record button should the photogate can collect 15. Click again on the Timer Setup icon to
16. Double click the Digits of the screen). This will produce a digital readout for measuring the speed of the ball through the photogate. 17. Click on <Select Measurements> and choose Speed. 18. With the photogate mounted on the ballistic pendulum using the Photogate Mounting Bracket, you can now measure the gun s muzzle velocity. 19. When the experiment is finished, you Rotational Dynamics 1. Plug the photogate into port 4 of DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 interface box. the 850 box. Click on the port 4 plug in Digital Inputs. 5. Choose Photogate. 7. Click on the Timer Setup icon. 8. Since we ll use the Pre- Configured Timer, click Next. 9. Since we ll use a Photogate on Ch 4, click Next. 10. Click the Select a Timer dropdown menu and choose One Photogate (Single Flag). 11. In the next step, just the Speed box should be checked. Click Next. 12. Set the Flag Width to 0.0254 m. Click Next. 13. Click Finish. 14. The Record button should the photogate can collect 15. Click again on the Timer Setup icon to 16. Double click the Digits icon (on the right-hand side of the screen). This will produce a digital readout for measuring the speed of the ball through the photogate. 17. Click on <Select Measurements> and choose Speed. 18. With the Photogate mounted at the bottom of the ramp so that the beam is broken by the diameter of the ball, you can now measure the ball s speed at the ramp bottom, and determine its kinetic energy. 20. When the experiment is finished, you Simple Harmonic Motion 1. Plug the yellow and black jack plugs of the motion sensor into ports 1 and 2 of the DIGITAL INPUTS on the 850 data collection box. the 850 box. Click on the port 1 plug in
Digital Inputs. Choose Motion Sensor II. the Motion Sensor can collect 7. Double click on the graph 8. Click twice on the Add Plot Area icon in order to add two more graphs to your readout. 9. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis of the top graph and choose Position. 10. Likewise, choose Velocity and Acceleration for the y axes of the other two graphs. 11. With the mass hanging from the spring over the motion sensor, you can now start the oscillation and record 5 to 10 seconds of 12. Since the motion is Simple Harmonic Motion, the position data should fit a sine function. Click on the position vs time graph and then click the Fit icon and choose Sine. 13. We d like to fit the sine curve over a subset of the data, so click the Highlight icon and expand the highlight box to include the first 5 seconds of position 14. The velocity graph values are derived from the position Click on it and fit a sine function to this graph. 15. Use the highlight tool to make sure that the fit extends over the same time range as the position fit. 16. The acceleration graph is derived from the velocity graph. Fit this to a sine curve, over the same time range. Your graphs should look something like the figure below. 17. When the experiment is finished, you Linear Expansion 1. Plug the thermistor sensor into port D of the ANALOG INPUTS in the 850 data collection box. Note that the 8 pin DIN connector must be inserted with the arrows on top. the 850 box. Click on the port D plug in ANALOG INPUTS, and choose Thermistor Temperature Sensor. 6. The Record button should now be red, indicating that the sensor can collect
7. Double click on the graph 8. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis of the top graph and choose Temperature. 9. Connecting the thermistor sensor to the metal tube of the apparatus will allow its temperature to be monitored. 10. When the experiment is finished, you Specific Heat Capacity 1. Plug the temperature sensor into port B of the ANALOG INPUTS in the 850 data collection box. Note that the 8 pin DIN connector must be inserted with the arrows on top. the 850 box. Click on the port B plug in ANALOG INPUTS, and choose Temperature Sensor, Stainless Steel. A few of the temperature sensors in the lab room are of a different type, so if your temperature reading seems incorrect, it might be necessary to try choosing another type during this step. the sensor can collect 7. Double click on the graph graph in the main page. 8. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis of the top graph and choose Temperature. 9. When the experiment is finished, you Resonance in Air Columns & Helmholtz Resonance 1. Plug the microphone into port C of the ANALOG INPUTS in the 850 data collection box. Note that the 8 pin DIN connector must be inserted with the arrows on top. the 850 box. Click on the port C plug in ANALOG INPUTS, and choose Sound Sensor. the microphone can collect 7. Double click on the FFT icon, which is along the right-hand side of the Capstone window. 8. Click <Select Measurement> on the vertical axis of the top graph and choose Sound Intensity. 9. At the bottom of the window is an adjustment for the
range of displayed frequencies. Adjust this so that the maximum displayed frequency is 2000 Hz. 10. When you play a tone with one of the tubes directly into the microphone, the primary frequency of the sound should be apparent in the spectrum. 11. Click on the Smart Tool icon. You can move this tool around the spectrum to determine the frequency of the features. 12. When the experiment is finished, you
Capstone Experiment Setups & Procedures PHYS 1112L/2212L Electrical Equivalent of Heat 1. Plug the temperature sensor into port B of the ANALOG INPUTS in the 850 data collection box. Note that the 8 pin DIN connector must be inserted with the arrows on top. the 850 box. Click on the port B plug in ANALOG INPUTS, and choose Temperature Sensor, Stainless Steel. A few of the temperature sensors in the lab room are of a different type, so if your temperature reading seems incorrect, it might be necessary to try choosing another type during this step. the sensor can collect 7. Double click on the graph 8. When the experiment is finished, you Diffraction 1.