TYPES OF SOURCES Created By: Caitlin Sheehan, Cole Schoonover, Katelyn Schillace
OBJECTIVE OF THE LESSON Our Objective is for students to gain better understanding of: What academic sourcing is Some of the different types of sources available to students When it is best to use certain types of sources Determining credibility of sources
INTRODUCTION TO SOURCING Sourcing is used as a medium to find information to develop and back up the research you are conducting on a topic. There is a wide variety of different sources that are available to students In this lesson, the focus will be specifically aimed toward Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary sources.
PRIMARY SOURCES In the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called original source or evidence) is an artifact, a document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, a recording, or any other source of information that was created at the time under study. Primary Sources serve as an original source of information about the topic.
SECONDARY SOURCES A secondary source is a source that interprets and draws conclusions about the information that a primary source presents. Students should use secondary sources when they want information that gives an opinion on a topic. Examples include: Biographies, Criticism, Opinion based articles, Magazines, and even some textbooks
TERTIARY SOURCES A Tertiary source is a collection of information from primary and secondary sources all compiled into one text. The Information given in a Tertiary source is wholly factual, it has no representation of opinion or persuasion. Students should use tertiary sources in their research to find information of the general overview of their topic.
DEFINING CREDIBILITY OF A SOURCE This is a link to a video that will help students understand how to determine the credibility of a research source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pltovohbh5c
CLASS ACTIVITY An activity you can use to engage students in the classroom, that will help the students learn more about sources in a fun way, is called Race at the Board Instructions: 1. Split the classroom up into two teams 2. One student from each team will go up to the board and grab a marker 3. Read a question about sourcing out loud, at this point the first student who writes the FULL, correctly spelt answer wins that round. 4. After every student from each team gets a turn, the team with the most points wins. You can give the winning team a prize to get the students more likely to engage in the activity.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Coe, Aaron. "Differences Between Primary and Secondary Sources." Differences Between Primary and Secondary Sources University of Phoenix Research Hub, University of Phoenix, 25 Feb. 2016,research.phoenix.edu/blog/differences-between-primary-and-secondary-sources. Corey Ranshaw Sell & Krista Griffin (2017) Powerful Social Studies Teaching With Poetry and Primary Sources, The Social Studies, 108:1, 1-9, DOI: 10.1080/00377996.2016.1237464 Dana, Driscoll, and Stolley Karl. "Welcome to the Purdue OWL." Purdue OWL: Research Overview, Purdue Owl, 9 Feb. 2018, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/552/03/. Helge I. Strømsø, Ivar Bråten, M. Anne Britt & Leila E. Ferguson (2013) Spontaneous Sourcing Among Students Reading Multiple Documents, Cognition and Instruction, 31:2, 176-203, DOI: 10.1080/07370008.2013.769994
BIBLIOGRAPHY CONT. "Identifying Academic Sources." Massey University, University of New Zealand, 25 Oct. 2012, owll.massey.ac.nz/academic-writing/identifying-academic-sources.php+. libncsu. "Evaluating Sources for Credibility." YouTube, YouTube, 9 June 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=pltovohbh5c. "Primary Sources: A Research Guide." Umass Boston, Healey Library, 23 Feb. 2018, umb.libguides.com/primarysources/secondary. "Primary vs. Secondary Sources." Primary vs. Secondary Sources - Twin Cities Library, Saint Mary s University of Minnesota, Saint Mary's University, 2016, www2.smumn.edu/deptpages/tclibrary/tutorials/finding/primary.php. Woodly, Mary. "Master's and Bachelor's Degree Programs North Andover." Merrimack College, Merrimack College, 22 Mar. 2018, www.merrimack.edu/. "What Is a Secondary Source." Harvard Library, Harvard Library, 12 Feb. 2018, guides.library.harvard.edu/histsciinfo/secondary+. "Why Use Primary Sources?" Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/whyuse.html.