Logic and the Limits of Philosophy in Kant and Hegel

Logic and the Limits of Philosophy in Kant and Hegel

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Logic and the Limits of Philosophy in Kant and Hegel Clayton Bohnet Fordham University, USA

Clayton Bohnet 2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 978-1-137-52174-3 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-70562-7 ISBN 978-1-137-52175-0 (ebook) DOI 10.1057/9781137521750 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bohnet, Clayton, 1976 Logic and the limits of philosophy in Kant and Hegel / Clayton Bohnet, Forhdam University, USA. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Logic. 2. Transcendental logic. 3. Kant, Immanuel, 1724 1804. 4. Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 1770 1831. 5. Philosophy, German 20th century. I. Title. B2799.L8B64 2015 160 dc23 2015002976

Contents List of Abbreviations vii Introduction: Kant, Hegel, and the Nature of Logic 1 (1) Theoretical overview 1 (2) German Idealism and the history of logic 6 (3) Logic, thought, and the unconditioned 10 (4) Kant, Hegel, and the unconditioned 13 (5) Beyond the critical philosophy: Hegel s critique of Kant 18 (6) Kant and Hegel on the quantitative judgment 21 Part I Logic and Kant s Critical Philosophy 1 Logic as Frame of the World 31 (1) A refresher course in logic: exegesis of A50/B74 A64/B88 31 (2) Conclusion: logic as frame and the matter of truth 54 2 Quantity in Kant s General and Pure Logic 57 (1) Introduction 57 (2) Concepts 59 (3) Judgment and extension 63 (4) Inferences 85 (5) General conclusion 91 3 Transcendental Logic and the Doctrine of Quantity 94 (1) Introduction 94 (2) In Kant s words: transcendental logic 94 (3) The doctrine of quantity 103 (4) General conclusions: logic, arithmetic, and inner sense 123 4 Logic and Intellectual Intuition 125 (1) A direct or circuitous route? 125 (2) Two theses on the value of logic 127 (3) The unconditioned as schema of reason 133 (4) Conclusion 142 v

vi Contents Part II Logic and Hegel s Speculative Dialectic 5 Hegel s Critique of Kant and the Limits of Reflection 147 (1) Kant, reflection, and speculation in the Differenzschrift 148 (2) The history and epistemology of reflection in Faith and Knowledge 159 (3) Hegel s critique of Kant in Faith and Knowledge 167 (4) General conclusion 183 6 Truth and Judgment in Hegel s Science of Logic 187 (1) Dialectic and truth 187 (2) On either side of the judgment of reflection 206 (3) The judgment of reflection 226 (4) Conclusion: The Science of Logic and the judgment of reflection 250 Conclusion: Philosophy and the Limits of Logic in Kant and Hegel 254 Bibliography 263 Index 267

List of Abbreviations Works of Immanuel Kant CPR Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998) JL Jäsche Logic, in Kant, Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J. Michael Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) DW Dohna-Wundlacken Logic, in Kant, Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J. Michael Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) VL Vienna Logic, in Kant, Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J. Michael Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) BL Bloomberg Logic, in Kant, Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J. Michael Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) H Heschel Logic, in Kant, Lectures on Logic, trans. and ed. J. Michael Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) NF Notes and Fragments, ed. Paul Guyer, trans. Curtis Bowman et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005) References made to the Critique of Pure Reason utilize the standard A/B pagination. References to the remaining texts include the page numbers of Kant s gesammelte Schriften followed by page numbers of the above translations. Works of George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel D The Difference between Fichte s and Schelling s System of Philosophy, trans. J. P. Surber (Atascadero: Ridgeview Press, 1977) FK Faith and Knowledge, trans. H. S. Harris and Walter Cerf (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1977) SL Science of Logic, trans. A. V. Miller (Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press International, 1989) EL Encyclopedia Logic, trans. William Wallace (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975) LL Lectures on Logic, trans. Clark Butler (Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2008) PS Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A. V. Miller (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977) References to Hegel s works include the reference to the Gesammelte Werke followed by the page numbers to the above translations. vii