Summer School in the Study of Old Books, 28th September-2nd October 2009, Zadar, Croatia OLD BOOKS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY: DALMATINA Assistant Professor Jelena Lakuš, PhD Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy, University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Croatia jlakus@ffos.hr
Old Books and Bibliography 1. Why Bibliography Matters? 2. Research Possibilities of Retrospective Bibliographies
A history of Croatian Retrospective Bibliography history of Croatian bibliography begins in the 16 th century first bibliographies: 1) regional (the Croatian territory was historically divided into separate regions - Istria, Slavonia, Dalmatia and Dubrovnik - a lack of national unity affected the field of bibliography as well) 2) biographical 3) retrospective (basically these were the biographic catalogues, containing the records of distinguished persons accompanying with their works) first national bibliography comprising bibliographical records from all over the Croatian territory published in the 19th century: Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski, Bibliografia hrvatska, Zagreb, 1860-1863. More details see in: Rogulja, Petar. Hrvatska nacionalna bibliografija i Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski. Zagreb, 1989. pp. 1-13 (Bibliografski rad u Hrvatskoj prije Kukuljevića)
the most comprehensive Croatian retrospective bibliography (only for the period 1835-1940) published in the second half of the 20th century - still incomplete: Graña za hrvatsku retrospektivnu bibliografiju knjiga: 1835-1940. 25 vol. Zagreb: NSK, 1982-1999. retrospective bibliography from the beginning of print till 1835 - still missing the need for a complete and comprehensive retrospective bibliography - still remained unsatisfied!!! More details see in: Franolić, Branko. A Survey of Croatian bibliographies 1960-2003. Zagreb, London, New York, Sydney : Croatian Information Centre, 2004. pp. 7-19. Harni, Slavko. Graña za retrospektivnu bibliografiju knjiga 1835-1940 : struktura, geneza i kulturno-povijesno značenje. // Vjesnik bibliotekara Hrvatske 47, 3-4(2004), pp. 86-104. URL: http://www.hkdrustvo.hr/vbh/broj/85(12-09-2008)
Old Books and Bibliography 1. Why Bibliography Matters? 2. Research Possibilities of Retrospective Bibliographies
Why Bibliography Matters? bibliographies used to be in the service of censorship bibliographies as witnesses of national memory and collective memory of humankind Civilization or nation without the bibliographies would experience a kind of Alzheimer s disease. (T. W. Howard-Hill) bibliographies provide the basic material for the history of books Without books there is no history. And as much as without books there is no history, without bibliographies there is no history of books. Beaudiquez, Marcelle. National Bibliography as Witness of National Memory. // IFLA Journal vol. 18, br. 2 (1992), pp. 119-123. Howard-Hill, T. W., Why Bibliography Matters, in: Simon Eliot and Jonathan Rose, eds. A Companion to the History of Book. Blackwell Publishing, 2007. pp. 9-20.
Bibliographies provide the basic material for the history of books Do book historians build their works on foundations erected by bibliographers? bibliographies serve book historians as collections of historical sources bibliographies support book history in exploring authorship, publishing and reading - identifying many books can be indeed a historical enterprise!!! bibliographies often contain much more than traditionally considered bibliographical information and enter into wider realms of history, culture, economics and textual transmission and reception
18th century 21st century FRANCE RUSSIA bibliographer = the one who has great knowledge about old manuscripts and books bibliography = a list of books, the study of the history of books and their production, literary aspects of books bibliography = a list of books, the study of the history of books and their production a list of books a list of books ITALY bibliography = a list of books, the study of the history of books and their production ital. bibliografo = bibliographer, literary man, writer ENGLAND bibliography = a list of books, the study of the history of books and their production engl. bibliography = a list of books, the study of the history of books and their production GERMANY bibliography = a list of books a list of books
Bibliographies provide the basic material for the history of books the conception of bibliography as the study of books as material objects to the history of the book in society, i.e., to what their production, dissemination, and reception reveal about past human life and thought has been recently advocated (D. F. McKenzie) bibliographies offer enormously vast area for scientific researches of scholars of various scholar backgrounds McKenzie, D. F. History of the Book, in: Peter Davison, ed., The Book Encompassed: Studies in Twentieth Century Bibliography, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. pp. 290-301. Darnton, Robert., What Is the History of Books?, in: Kenneth E. Carpenter, ed., Books and Society in History. New York and London: R. R. Bowker Company, 1983. pp. 3 26.
Lakuš, Jelena. Izdavačka i tiskarska djelatnost na dalmatinskom prostoru (Zadar, Split i Dubrovnik) u prvoj polovini 19. st. : bibliografija monografskih i serijskih publikacija graña. Split : Književni krug, 2005. (Biblioteka znanstvenih djela)
Research Possibilities of Retrospective Bibliographies : a view from historian the annual book production in Dalmatia (1815-1850) : the analysis of the intensity of literary production, its continuity or discontinuity, that is, the increase or decrease in book production in the given period
The intensity of book production in Dalmatia (1815-1850): continuity or discontinuity? Annual Book Production in Dalmatia (1815-1850) 1) What was the reason for a low book production in the early 1820s? number of works 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 2) What was the reason for the increase in book production in the 1830s? 3) What results would we reach if we compare the book production in Dalmatia with other European countries? 0 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 year
Annual Book Production in Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik (1815-1850) Number of Works 30 25 20 15 10 Chart 3.1 Annual Book Production in Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik (1815-1850) 1) What are the reasons for such obvious differences in the production levels of all three publishing centres? 5 0 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 Year Zadar Split Dubrovnik
The intensity of book production in Dalmatia (1815-1850): continuity or discontinuity? Annual Book Production in Dalmatia (1815-1850) 1) What was the reason for a low book production in the early 1820s? number of works 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 2) What was the reason for the increase in book production in the 1830s? 3) What results would we reach if we compare the book production in Dalmatia with other European countries? 0 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 year
Annual Book Production in Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik (1815-1850) Number of Works 30 25 20 15 10 Chart 3.1 Annual Book Production in Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik (1815-1850) 1) What are the reasons for such obvious differences in the production levels of all three publishing centres? 5 0 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 Year Zadar Split Dubrovnik
Research Possibilities of Retrospective Bibliographies the analysis of the intensity of literary production, its continuity or discontinuity, that is, the increase or decrease in book production in the given period the analysis of the book production according to languages the analysis of the book production according to subjects and genres the most popular authors the participation of women in the literary world the extent and character of the readership the data on dedication words, subscription lists, bookplates (ex libris), book prices, literary advertisements the comparison of printing and publishing centers (even printing houses!) according to all these criteria Lakuš, Jelena. Izdavačka i tiskarska djelatnost na dalmatinskom prostoru (Zadar, Split i Dubrovnik) u prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća (1815-1850): Bibliografija monografskih i serijskih publikacija graña. Split : Književni krug, 2005. pp. 5-26.
Katica Tadić, Bibliografija o arhivima, čitaonicama, knjižnicama i muzejima : napisi iz riječkih i sušačkih hrvatskih novina od 1900. do 1999., na području današnjih županija Primorsko-goranske, Istarske i Ličko-senjske. Osijek : Filozofski fakultet, 2005.
Research Possibilities of Retrospective Bibliographies the geographical distribution of the cultural institutions and the variety of problems experienced the most outstanding persons in the business of book production the most outstanding persons involved in the preservation of cultural heritage, etc.
Conclusion bibliographies reflect the culture of some country bibliographies provide the basic material for the history of books and literature the conception from the study of books as material objects to the history of the book has been recently strongly advocated bibliographies offer diverse research possibilities researchers of various scholar backgrounds should know how to use bibliographies, read bibliographical records and read between the lines