Oxford Day 2017 The Power of Language 本文校訂のいま ー中世研究を事例としてー 慶應義塾大学文学部 徳永聡子
E. W. サイード, The Return to Philology [Philology] は 人文学と関連した学問分野のなかでも もっともノリが悪くセクシーさに乏しく古臭い分野で 二十一世紀初めにおける人文学と生との関連を論ずるにあたって 一番浮上してきそうにないものだ しかしわたしは背を伸ばして みなさんの我慢強さを期待しつつ 話題に入っていくつもりなので 水を差したくなってもしばらく抑えて頂きたい E W サイード 人文学と批評の使命ーデモクラシーのために 村山敏勝 三宅敦子訳 ( 岩波書店 2006 年 ) 71 ページ
Philology と中世研究 Oxford English Dictionary の前身 : A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles: Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by The Philological Society The Philological Society It was established in its present form in 1842, consisting partly of members of a society of the same name established at the University of London in 1830 to investigate and promote the study and knowledge of the structure, the affinities, and the history of languages. (The Philological Society, About PhilSoc <http://www.philsoc.org.uk/history.asp>)
F. J. ファーニヴァル (Frederick James Furnivall; 1825 1910) A New English Dictionary の編纂 The Early English Text Society の設立と校訂版の出版 The New Chaucer Society の設立と校訂版の出版 画像出典 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/frederick_james_furnivall
The Early English Text Society (EETS) 画像出典 :http://users.ox.ac.uk/~eets/index.html
The Early English Text Society 設立の背景 [T]he love of Fatherland that was shown so strikingly by the German nation at the outbreak of the [Franco-Prussian] war, and has been called forth from the French during its continuance, justifies the Committee in referring with renewed emphasis to the memorable words of Professor Seeley... Classical studies may make a man intellectual, but the study of the native literature has a moral effect as well. It is the true ground and foundation of patriotism... I call that man uncivilized who is not connected with the past through the state in which he lives, and sympathy with the great men who have lived in it. The Committee again declare that they can take no lower ground for the Society s work than this. Not dilettante Antiquarianism, but duty to England, is the motive of the Society s workers; and they do not hesitate to call on all men interested in Literature who can feel that motive, to come forward and help them in their work. (EETS, Seventh Report of the Committee (Feb.1871), 1-2)
EETS 初期校訂本の例 Eneydos (Winchester: William Caxton, 1490) Early English Books Online (STC (2nd edn) 24796) Caxton s Eneydos 1490, ed. by W. T. Culley and F. J. Furnivall (published for the Early English Text Society by the Oxford University Press, 1890; repr. 1962), p. 10
The Chaucer Society の刊行物... to do honour to CHAUCER, and to let the lovers and students of him see how far the best unprinted Manuscripts of his works differ[e]d from the printed texts. F. J. Furnivall, ed., A Six-Text Print of Chaucer s Canterbury Tales in Parallel Columns... in 8 parts. 1st ser. 1, 14-15, 25, 30-31, 37, 49 (London: Trübner, 1869-77)
ハンティントン図書館所蔵 カンタベリー物語 Ellesmere Manuscript (Huntington Library, MS EL 26 C 9) 発表者撮影
Ellesmere Manuscript (Huntington Library, MS EL 26 C 9) (Digital Scriptorium Database より http://dpg.lib.berkeley.edu/webdb/dsheh/heh_brf?callnumber=el+26+c+9)
ヤコブス デ ヴォラギネ 黄金伝説 ウィリアム キャクストン訳 (1483/84 年 ) Jacobus de Voragine, Legenda aurea (The Golden Legend), trans. by William Caxton (Westminster: William Caxton, [1483-84]) Early English Books Online (STC (2nd edn)) 24873
本文校合 底本 本文の転写 句読点法 語分割 大文字の使用 Textual apparatus グロッサリー 註釈 イントロダクション 縮約語 u/v, i/j, y/þ など の区別 転写文の編集
ラテン語版 フランス語訳版 (Légende dorée) 英訳版 フランス語訳 フランス語訳 フランス語訳 ラテン語版
Vincent Gillespie and Anne Hudson, eds., Probable Truth: Editing Medieval Texts from Britain in the Twenty-First Century, Texts and Transitions, 5 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2013)
カンタベリー物語 プロジェクト 画像出典 : Peter Robinson, ed., The Miller s Tale on CD-ROM (Leicester, 2004)
写本系譜学の発展 ラハマン校訂法 (Karl Lachmann; 1793 1851) 写本群のテクストを比較することで見えてくる 共通の誤記 をもとに 作品の原型を追い求める 写本間の 類縁関係 に基づく写本系譜を推定する理論と技法を集大成した ジョゼフ ベディエ (Joseph Bédier; 1864 1938) 現存する中世写本 ( 中世の読者が読んだであろうもの ) の中から 校訂者が最も訂正する必要のないものを一つ選ぶ 底本に訂正を加える場合は できるだけ慎重に 他の写本を参考にして訂正する
W. W. グレッグ (Walter Wilson Greg; 1875 1959) The Calculus of Variants: An Essay on Textual Criticism (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927), p. 60 The Rationale of Copy-Text, Studies in Bibliography, 3 (1950/1951), 19-36
写本 本文研究の動向 テクストのステンマを見出し 著者が意図した本文確立を目指す 個別の写本 写字生への関心が高まる 写本全体における位置付けや 同時代の文化的文脈の中で考える
書物史 写本学 デジタル化 書誌学 編集文献学 明星聖子訳
TCP (Text Partnership Creation) 画像出典 : http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/tcp-eebo/
Digital Editing と TEI (Text Encoding Initiative ) 画像出典 :http://www.tei-c.org/release/doc/tei-p5-doc/en/html/ms.html
University of Oxford Text Archive CLARIN - European Research Infrastructure for Language Resources and Technology
A Social Edition of Devonshire Manuscript 画像出典 :https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/the_devonshire_manuscript
TEI を用いた転写と Social Editing
Peter Robinson, Social Editions, Social Editing, Social Texts, Digital Studies / Le champ numérique (2015) It is not credible that some kind of crowd consensus could achieve decisions to everyone's satisfaction, where generations of scholars and readers have not been able to do this.... In editions, the making of decisions is linked to authority: we trust an editor, and the edition he or she makes, because we understand the decisions upon which the edition is based, even if we do not agree with them. We especially trust the editor to situate, on our behalf, the edition in the landscape of document, work and text. But what is the authority of the "social edition?" What is the authority of the crowd? Any account of editing which does not deal with these issues is radically incomplete. https://www.digitalstudies.org/ojs/index.php/digital_studies/article/view/350/415
Digital Editing of Medieval Manuscripts 画像出典 :https://www.digitalmanuscripts.eu
慶應義塾大学が展開する Future Learn
慶應義塾大学クラスター研究推進プロジェクト ( 創造 ) 国際シンポジウム開催 ( 入場無料 ) 2017 年 12 月 9 日 ( 土 )10:00 開場三田キャンパス東館 G-Lab 6-7 階