Art and Technology- A Timeline Dr. Gabriela Avram
This week We are talking about the relationshi between: Society and technology Art and technology How social, olitical and cultural values affect scientific research and technological innovation How these in turn affect society, olitics, art and culture
Digital Art (New Media Art) Digital art is an artistic work or ractice that uses digital technology as an essential art of the creative or resentation rocess. Since the 1970s, various names have been used to describe the rocess including comuter art and multimedia art, and digital art is itself laced under the larger umbrella term new media art. (Paul, 2006)
Tyology
The beginnings of electronic music
Elisha Gray (1835-1901) Musical Telegrah On Feb. 14, 1876, Gray filed with the U.S. Patent Office a caveat (an announcement of an invention he exected soon to atent) describing aaratus 'for transmitting vocal sounds telegrahically.' Unknown to Gray, Bell had only two hours earlier alied for an actual atent on an aaratus to accomlish the same end.
The Telharmonium Thaddeus Cahill (1867-1934) first atented his Telharmonium in 1896, when he described the instrument as a large system caable of electrically generating, controlling, and shaing sounds, which could be reroduced through a loudseaker system. htts://youtu.be/x8wn_gjd8kw
The Theremin Invented by Leon Theremin (Termen) in 1920, the Theremin is the earliest electronic instrument to remain in active use today. The instrument contains a vertical rod that emerges from the to of a cabinet, and a loo that emerges horizontally from the left side of a cabinet. Moving a hand closer to the vertical rod changes itch. Moving a hand closer to the loo changes volume. Carolina Eyck layinghtts:// youtu.be/8znzk2pmzu0
The Ondes Martenot Designed and built in 1928 in France by Maurice Martenot, the Ondes Martenot (Martenot Waves) was used by Oliver Messiaen, Darius Milhaud, Edgard Varèse, Pierre Boulez, and other well-known comosers. htts://youtu.be/yy9ubjrujwo
Is there any other instrument that you can think of that could be added to this list?
The Hammond Organ The Hammond organ, develoed by Laurens Hammond and introduced in 1935, was the first commercially successful electric instrument. It was widely used in homes. The original Hammond Organ was Designed and built by the ex-watchmaker Laurens Hammond in Aril 1935. htts://youtu.be/ ibj2zda8a0
Musique Concrete In 1948, Pierre Schaeffer, a sound technician working at Radio-diffusion-Television Francaise (RTF) in Paris, roduces several short studies in what he called Musique concrete. In October, 1948, Schaeffer's early studies were broadcast in a concert of noises. htts://youtu.be/q2o9vyujsd4
The Moog Synthesizer may refer to any number of analog synthesizers designed by Robert Moog, and is commonly used as a generic term for oldergeneration analog music synthesizers. The Moog comany ioneered the commercial manufacture of modular voltagecontrolled analog synthesizer systems in the mid 1960s. The technological develoment that led to the creation of the Moog synthesizer was the invention of the transistor. htts://youtu.be/7eax45jlj4
Other tyes of digital art
Comuter Grahics 1963- Sketchad, a rogram for interactive comuter grahics,was resented by Ivan E. Sutherland at the Fall Joint Comuter Conference. Work begun at MIT in 1961. First PhD thesis in comuter grahics. htts://en.wikiedia.org/wiki/ Sketchad
Comuter-generated video 1963-1st comuter generated film by Edward E. Zajac (Bell Labs, US). htts://youtu.be/ RocLdMyUG-4
The beginnings of CGI 1987-documentary on CGI for Star Trek htts://youtu.be/ 1E7bYRQRl_I
Digital Art Installations Noah Wardri-Fruin's "Screen" (2003) is an examle of digital installation art which makes use of a Cave Automatic Virtual Environment to create an interactive exerience htts://youtu.be/ WOwF5KD5BV4
Digital Poetry Digital oetry is a form of electronic literature, dislaying a wide range of aroaches to oetry, with a rominent and crucial use of comuters. Digital oetry can be available in form of CD-ROM, DVD, as installations in art galleries, in certain cases also recorded as digital video or films, as digital holograms and on the World Wide Web or Internet. JABBER: The Jabberwocky Engine is a Java rogram created by Neil Hennessy, a oet and new media artist. Its urose is to create neologisms of the tye used by Lewis Carroll in his oem Jabberwocky. htts://en.wikiedia.org/wiki/ JABBER:_The_Jabberwocky_Engine
Fractal Art Fractal art is a form of algorithmic art created by calculating fractal objects and reresenting the calculation results as still images, animations, and media. Fractal art develoed from the mid-1980s onwards. htts://en.wikiedia.org/wiki/ Fractal_art
Comuter music Comuter music is the alication of comuting technology in music comosition, to hel human comosers create new music or to have comuters indeendently create music, such as with algorithmic comosition rograms. Various categories Comuter-generated music Music comosed and erformed by comuters Comuter-generated scores for erformance by human layers Comuter-aided algorithmic comosition Machine imrovisation An examle: htts://youtu.be/6-gi0we1tbq
Thank you!