第 1 章時制和訳せよ 1. 1 Tell me when you are ready. 2 Tell me when you will be ready. 2. 1 The machine is stopping. 2 The machine is always stopping. 3. 1 He has been to the station to see his friend off. 2 He has gone to the station to see his friend off. 4. 1 I will have been home until he arrives. 2 I will have been home by the time he arrives. 5. It is fortunate that you have come to see me today, because I will have been on board about this time tomorrow, said Mr. Kimura, the captain of the Taiyo-maru. He had recently returned from his six months voyage. < 注 > fortunate 幸運な on board (a ship) 船に乗って voyage 航海 6. I have been in England three months now. I hope you don t think I ve forgotten you. There have been so many places to see and so many things to do that I ve not had much time for writing letters. I will soon be starting my studies at college. So far I ve been learning about England and British ways of living. < 注 > so far 今までは a way of living 生活様式 ( ) 内の語句を順番に用いて,[ ] 内の語数で英訳せよ 7. 明日雨が降るかどうか分からないが, もし降れば, 家にいるつもりだ [16] ( don t/if/but/it/i/stay ) 8. 彼はまだその仕事を始めていないが, 彼女が来るまでにはもうそれを終えているだろう [19] ( not/the job/but he/it/she )
第 2 章態 1. 1 It s been painted white. 2 It s being painted white. 2. 1 The Japanese was spoken by the foreigner. 2 The Japanese was spoken to by the foreigner. 3. 1 The man is known to my friends. 2 A man is known by his friends. 4. 1 The boy was made clean by his mother. 2 The boy was made to clean by his mother. 5. Since boyhood Newton had been interested in astronomy, and while at Cambridge he would often sit up late at night to observe the movements of stars. Before long he became very dissatisfied with the telescopes then in use. < 注 > astronomy 天文学 at Cambridge ケンブリッジ大学に在学して observe 観察する before long=soon dissatisfy 不満を抱かせる telescope 望遠鏡 6. The colours of saucers seem to be as different as their sizes. Saucers of nearly all colours have been reported. Some seem to change colour as they are being watched. Saucers have been seen to move in every direction and at nearly every speed. They can turn at right angles, move straight up or straight down, or travel in a zigzag path. < 注 > saucer 円盤 nearly=almost direction 方角 at right angles 直角に zigzag path ジグザグの道 7. あなたが腕時計を取られたと聞いて驚きました [13] ( was/hear/that/had/robbed ) 8. 君は誰にそんなことをさせられたのですか [10] ( By/were/a thing )
第 3 章助動詞 1. 1 Will it be true? It must be true. 2 Can it be true? It can t be true. 2. 1 You may well say so. 2 You may as well say so. 3. 1 We d better not stay home. 2 We d rather not stay home. 4. 1 She may have to read this book. 2 She may have read this book. 5. You should not say such a thing without a good reason or solid evidence as this: Mr. So-and-so must have done it, Miss So-and-so can t have been so happy, or Mrs. So-and-so may have said so. < 注 > solid はっきりとした evidence 証拠 Mr. So-and-so だれそれさん 6. I arrived at the airport at 8:30. But on checking-in I was told that the plane had been delayed, and would not start till 10:15. In England we like to follow the old proverb, You might as well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb or in other words, if you are going to be late, you might as well be perfectly late. So I was not at all surprised to hear that our departure would be delayed till 10:45. < 注 > check-in 搭乗手続きをする be delayed 遅れる follow 従う proverb ことわざ hang 絞首刑にする lamb 子羊 departure 出発 7. 今昼食を食べたいですか, それとも待つほうがいいですか [12] ( like/have/now/rather ) 8. 君はそこへ行くべきではなかった 次回は彼を送ることを私は勧める [15] ( You/not/recommend/that/time )
第 4 章仮定法 1. 1 If you are to try harder, you will succeed. 2 If you were to try harder, you would succeed. 2. 1 Without you, life would be boring. 2 Life without you would be boring. 3. 1 This house is small; otherwise it would be perfect. 2 This house is small, but otherwise it is perfect. 4. 1 Left alone, she lost her way. 2 Left alone, she might have lost her way. 5. You may have heard grown-ups say, I wish I had learned that in school, or I wish I had more education. Why do you suppose they feel that way? Perhaps it s because they think life might be more interesting, or they might have had better jobs, if they had learned just a little better. < 注 > grown-ups=adults suppose=think 6. Such a community could not have come into existence before, and if it had, without railways it would certainly have dropped to pieces long before now. Were it not for railways or telegraph, it would be far easier to govern California from Peking than from Washington. < 注 > community 共同社会 come into existence 存在するようになる drop to pieces ばらばらになる telegraph 電信 govern 統治する 7. 彼女がいなければ, 彼は私を初対面のように扱っていたかも知れない [15] ( But/treated/though/never/me ) 8. もうそろそろ出発の時間だ 君が一緒に来てくれればなあ [13] ( is/i/i/would/with )
第 5 章不定詞 1. 1 He made a promise never to return. 2 He left Japan(,) never to return. 2. 1 It is wrong for you to give up the plan. 2 It is wrong of you to give up the plan. 3. 1 He ran so fast as to surprise us. 2 He ran fast so as to surprise us. 4. 1 To tell the truth does not always pay. 2 To tell the truth, it does not always pay. 5. Father told me to take a letter to the post office, but I forgot to do so. In the evening I remembered about the letter and looked around the room to find it. But the letter was not to be seen anywhere in the house. I was afraid to see Father, but Mother only smiled and said, Be careful not to forget next time. < 注 > not~anywhere どこにも~ない 6. Superstitions about the number 13 are the most widely held of all. The ancient Hindus are said to have been the first to believe that when 13 persons sat together it was unlucky. The Egyptians, Japanese and Chinese, however, have no feelings of this sort. < 注 > superstition 迷信 the ancient Hindus 古代インド人 unlucky 縁起の悪い sort=kind 7. その老人は 100 歳まで生きそうだ [13] ( likely/be/one/old ) 8. 君に来ないように頼んだとは彼は思いやりがない [12] ( thoughtless/him/asked/not )
第 6 章動名詞 1. 1 He is proud of having a foreign car. 2 He is proud of having had a foreign car. 2. 1 There is no denying it. 2 There is no sense denying it. 3. 1 I feel like flying in the sky. 2 I feel like I m flying in the sky. 4. 1 He slipped on crossing the street. 2 He slipped in crossing the street. 5. Here s a story about a little girl who suffered from a sickness that the A-bomb had caused. Her mother told her to make a thousand cranes. So she kept on making cranes out of paper, looking forward to playing with other children outdoors. But she died after making 999 cranes. < 注 > suffer from+ 病気 病気にかかる A-bomb 原爆 cause 引き起こす crane 鶴 outdoors 屋外で 6. A boy bathing in a river was in danger of being drowned. He called out to a man for help. The man, instead of holding out a helping hand, scolded the boy for having gone too far into the river. Oh, sir, cried the boy. Please help me now, and scold me afterward. < 注 > bathe=swim danger 危険 be drowned 溺れる call out to+ 人 +for~ 人に~を求めて大声で叫ぶ hold out~ ~を差し出す a helping hand 助けの手 scold 叱る afterward 後で 7. 私がその勘定を払うことを彼が主張したのは言うまでもない [12] ( saying/insisted/paying/bill ) 8. 君はホテルを見つけるのに苦労するだろう 彼に尋ねてはどうか [15] ( You/difficulty/a/say )
第 7 章分詞 1. 1 The policeman arrested the thief trying to steal a car. 2 The policeman caught the thief trying to steal a car. 2. 1 He looked boring, but I found him interesting. 2 He looked bored, but I found him interested. 3. 1 Having lunch, I watched television. 2 Having had lunch, I watched television. 4. 1 He sat with his eyes closed. / He sat with his eyes open. 2 He sat with his eyes shining. / He sat with his eyes toward me. 5. The other day my neighbor s dog happened to get into my garden before I knew, running about over the flower bed, spoiling most of the tulips which were going to bloom. And it barked at people visiting my house. Barking dogs seldom bite, they say, but imagine how annoying it was. < 注 > flower bed 花壇 spoil 駄目にする bloom 咲く annoy いらいらさせる 6. In the ancient Egyptian religion there was a cat goddess called Bast. Occasionally Bast was shown with the head of a lion, but most statues and carvings showed her with the head of a cat, often surrounded by holy kittens. Very religious people at the time always preserved the bodies of any of their cats who died, and had them buried with much care and attentions. < 注 > ancient 古代の religion 宗教 goddess 女神 occasionally 時折 statue 像 carving 彫刻 holy 神 聖な kitten 子猫 religious 信心深い preserve 保存する body 死体 bury 埋める attention 注意 7. 彼と比べて, 彼女のほうが先週与えられた仕事をするのに忙しい [12] ( Compared/she/busier/the work/last ) 8. 率直に言って, 君はその興奮した男に自分の言うことを理解させることができなかった [11] ( Frankly/couldn t/yourself/by )
第 8 章比較 1. 1 He did not so much ask me as order me. 2 He did not so much as ask me. 2. 1 He is all the happier for his wealth. 2 He is none the happier for his wealth. 3. 1 The darker it grew, the colder we felt. 2 As it grew darker, we felt colder and colder. 4. 1 He is no more diligent than she is. 2 He is no less diligent than she is. 5. The nearer your entrance examination draw, the more nervous you will grow and the less appetite you will have. However, you are all the more likely to make a mistake because you are tense. < 注 > draw near 近づく nervous 神経質な appetite 食欲 tense 緊張して 6. I feel no older than my youngest friends. I am sure that I am no more exhausted at the end of a busy day than many who are half as old as I am. When you know that there is much to be done, you are always looking forward instead of backward. This is one of the secrets of strength. < 注 > exhausted 疲れきって look forward 前を向く strength<strong 7. 彼ほど勤勉な男は他にいない 彼は他の誰よりも熱心に働く [14] ( No/as/diligent/harder/anyone ) 8. 彼は私より 2 歳年下だが, 数学では私よりはるかに優れている [15] ( is/me/years/far/me/math )
第 9 章代名詞 1. 1 These cameras are better than those ones. 2 These cameras are better than those of my friends. 2. 1 Is either of these yours? No, neither is mine. 2 Are any of these yours? No, none is mine. 3. 1 Some of them respect him, and others despise him. 2 Some of them respect him, but the others despise him. 4. 1 Most of those present were women. 2 Those present were almost all women. 5. It was unusually warm this winter, and the cherry blossoms bloomed earlier this year. In Tokyo, the cherry blossoms were at their best last Sunday. As it was fine all day long, there were huge crowds everywhere. It appears that they find it impossible to stay at home on a holiday in the cherry blossom season. < 注 > blossom ( 食用果樹の ) 花 bloom 咲く at one s best 最高の状態で huge 巨大な 6. With regard to theory and practice there are two opinions. Some say that theory is one thing and practice another, so that they do not necessarily go together. Others are again of opinion that it is because of the inaccuracy of theory that the two do not agree. < 注 > with regard to~ ~に関しては go together=agree again また一方で be of (the) opinion that ~ ~という意見である inaccuracy 不正確さ 7. 私のこの計画が役に立たないとは, 私には全く思いもよらなかった [14] ( occurred/plan/was/use ) 8. 我々の中の他の者は, 私がいつも何かおかしなことをするのを当然のことと思っている [14] ( rest/granted/always/funny )
第 10 章関係詞 1. 1 The girl to whom I introduced him is my niece. 2 The girl (whom) I introduced to him is my niece. 2. 1 I said nothing which made him angry. 2 I said nothing, which made him angry. 3. 1 The boy will come when he has more time. 2 The day will come when he will have more time. 4. 1 Whoever comes will be welcome. 2 Whoever comes, he will be welcome. 5. As he approached the village he met a number of people, but none whom he knew, which somewhat surprised him, for he had thought himself acquainted with every one in the country round. Their dress, too, was of a different fashion from that to which he was accustomed. < 注 > somewhat 多少 acquainted with~ ~と知り合いで the country round その界隈 fashion 型 6. Whenever you write, you try to imitate what you have read. You do it without knowing it. Some people go so far in this imitation that in answering the phone they use the accent of whoever happens to be calling. < 注 > imitate>imitation まね go far 度を越す accent なまり 7. その社長には 2 人の息子がいるが, 彼等はいわゆるエリート社員だ [12] ( president/who/is/elite employees ) 8. 彼はどこへ行こうとも, 自分の好きなものを食べようとする [12] ( matter/go/will/likes )
第 11 章接続詞 1. 1 The fact is that he wrote this poem. 2 The fact that he wrote this letter is surprising. 2. 1 It is a long time since he returned. 2 It was a long time before he returned. 3. 1 I ran so fast that I was in time. / I did not run so fast that I would be in time. 2 I ran fast so that I would be in time. / I ran fast, so that I was in time. 4. 1 He left the open box as it was. 2 Open as it was, he left the box there. 5. As far as we know, every living thing in the world has to breathe as we do. Even the seeds of plants breathe all the time. In case you seal them up in a tight bottle in order that they can get no air at all, they will die just as surely as you will, though not so quickly. < 注 > breathe 呼吸する seed 種子 seal up 完全に密封する plant 植物 a tight bottle 気密性の瓶 6. If a professor asks students whether they have understood an explanation he has given, he wants a straightforward yes or no. While he expects respect from his students, he does not expect them to say yes for that reason when the answer is clearly no. Nor does he expect them to say yes for fear that acknowledgement of lack of understanding would show that they are not smart. < 注 > professor 教授 straightforward 率直な acknowledgement<acknowledge 認める lack 欠如 smart 利口な 7. もう雨がやんだのだから, 準備ができ次第行こう [13] ( that/has/raining/we/ready ) 8. 彼は試験に落ちて初めて, もっと勉強しなければならないという結論に達した [19] ( was/the exam/came/the conclusion/must )
第 12 章前置詞 1. 1 I ll be home till 5. / I ll be home around 5. 2 I ll be home by 5. / I ll be home past 5. 2. 1 It is not a problem between you and me. 2 Between you and me, it is not a problem. 3. 1 We discussed the matter over the phone. 2 We discussed the matter over our dinner. 4. 1 It was of use. I handled it with care. 2 It was out of use. I handled it without care. 5. The boy started from the village for the lake at six on Sunday morning. He went towards the north, across the fields and through the forest. Above him a mountain rose, below him a wild plain stretched, and over him the sun was shining. At last he got to the lake around two in the afternoon. There were pretty flowers beside the lake along the shore. And there stood an old castle beyond the lake among the mountains. < 注 > the fields 野原 rise そびえる wild plains 荒野 stretch 広がる the shore 湖岸 castle 城 6. A stout old lady was walking down the middle of a street in Petrograd with her basket under her arm to the great confusion of the traffic and with no small peril to herself. It was pointed out to her that the pavement was the place for foot-passengers, but she replied that she was going to walk where she liked. < 注 > stout=fat Petrograd ペトログラード confusion 混乱 peril 危険 pavement 歩道 foot-passenger 歩行者 7. 彼が仕事をやめたのは健康がすぐれないためですか, それとも小説を書くためですか [17] ( quit/job/account/ill/or/purpose/novels ) 8. 冗談はさておき, 君はそのグループによる提案に賛成ですか, 反対ですか [13] ( Apart/joking/are/or/proposal )
第 13 章主語と動詞の一致 1. 1 Two-thirds of the book is boring. 2 Two-thirds of the books are boring. 2. 1 The number of workers has fallen. 2 A number of workers have fallen. 3. 1 There were few rooms for rent. 2 There was little room for doubt. 4. 1 He is one of my friends who help me. 2 He is the only one of my friends who helps me. 5. Eichmann s trial was controversial from the beginning. Some called for an international tribunal to try him, and others wanted him tried in Germany, but Israel was insistent. At stake was not only justice but also honor, as well as an opportunity to educate a new generation about the Holocaust. < 注 > Eichmann アイヒマン ナチス親衛隊長 trial 裁判 controversial 論争の tribunal 法廷 try 裁判にかける insistent 屈しない at stake かかって the Holocaust ユダヤ人大虐殺 6. Macau is highly urbanized with a great many people living in close quarters on this peninsula which is only 8.5 square kilometers. The result is that Macau is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. Despite the number of people, Macau is a very appealing place and due to its increasing popularity with visitors there are a good many hotels to stay in and things to do. There are a number of casinos and other entertainment which are very popular, but much of Macau s appeal is in its heritage. < 注 > Macau マカオ urbanize 都市化する peninsula 半島 casino カジノ heritage 遺産 7. 新しい眼鏡が必要だ 私の眼鏡は合わない [11] ( A/glasses/necessary/My/ill-fitted ) 8. はしかが流行っているという知らせが届いている [8] ( The news/arrived/measles/prevalent )
第 14 章疑問文と語順 1. 1 Did she say whom she liked? 2 Whom did she say she liked? 2. 1 Let us sing a song, will you? 2 Let us [Let s] sing a song, shall we? 3. 1 Why don t you have any wine? 2 Why don t you have some wine? 4. 1 In no hat she looks attractive. 2 In no hat does she look attractive. 5. Heredity is not the only thing that influences our color. Where we live and how we live after we are born are important too. For instance, our genes influence how fat or thin we are. But our weight depends mainly on how much we eat and how much exercise we get. In the same way, our skin color depends to a large extent on how much sunshine we get. < 注 > heredity 遺伝 for instance=for example gene 遺伝子 skin 皮膚 to a large extent 大いに 6. There has been little dispute about whether the general level of welfare has increased this nobody, I think, will deny. But the size of the gap between the rich and the poor is a very different question from the question how far both rich and poor are better off than they were a generation, or a century, ago. < 注 > dispute 論争 welfare 福祉 be well off 暮らし向きがよい 7. 高知駅はここから何番目の駅ですか 4 番目です [13] ( How/stops/between/Station/are ) 8. 静かにしてくれないか すみません そうします [8] ( make/noise/sorry/i )
第 15 章否定 省略 強調 1. 1 I don t like all of them. / I don t like any of them. [=I like none of them.] 2 I don t like both of them. / I don t like either of them. [=I like neither of them.] 2. 1 It is nothing but a toy. / It is all but a toy. 2 It is anything but a toy. / It is but a toy. 3. 1 Tired from work, I won t go if I need not. 2 Though tired from work, I will go if necessary. 4. 1 It was my opinion that he should change his mind. 2 It was my opinion that made him change his mind. 5. Just as with food and drink, what is good and pleasant reading for one man is not always pleasant and good for another. We don t all like the same book, nor can every book please everybody. < 注 > as with ~ ~ についてと同様に pleasant 楽しい please 喜ばせる 6. In the realm of the novel life is precisely daily life. It is in reporting the wonders of the simple, ordinary hour, not in writing the extraordinary in detail, that the novel displays its specific graces. Not by widening our horizon with tales of unheard-of adventures can the novelist expect to charm us. The opposite procedure is required: the reader s horizon must be narrowed. < 注 > realm 領域 precisely まさに wonder 驚くべき事柄 ordinary 普通の extraordinary 異常な specific graces 特別な魅力 horizon 視野 unheard-of 聞いたことのない charm 魅了する procedure 方法 narrow widen 7. 彼は決して嘘つきではない 彼は約束を必ず守るだろう [15] ( is/being/liar/never/promise ) 8. 家に着いて初めて, 彼は鍵をなくしてしまったという事実に気がついた [16] ( Not/got/realize/fact/lost/keys )
第 16 章時制の一致と話法 1. 1 He told me that he lived in Kyoto. 2 He told me that he had lived in Kyoto. 2. 1 I will ask him if he will come tomorrow. 2 I will ask him if he comes tomorrow. 3. 1 She suggested that we (should) not be so serious about work. 2 She suggested that we were not so serious about work. 4. 1 He says (that) it is an interesting book, and I like to read it. 2 He says (that) it is an interesting book, and that he likes to read it. 5. Mary once called on her neighbor Jack and said to him, Will you lend me your encyclopedia? Jack said that she was welcome to read it in his library, but that he had a rule never to let a book leave his house. Some weeks later he called on Mary and asked if she would lend him her lawn mower. Mary said, I shall be very glad to lend you my lawn mower, but since I make it a rule never to let it leave my lawn, you will be obliged to use it here. < 注 > encyclopedia 百科事典 be welcome to ~ 自由に ~ してよい lawn mower 芝刈り機 be obliged to ~=have to ~ 6. Can t you tell me, Mr. Lumley, just what it is that you don t like about the rooms? There was no mistaking the injured bitterness in Mrs. Smythe s voice. Charles very nearly groaned aloud. Must he explain, point by point, why he hated living there? Her husband s cough in the morning, the way the dog barked every time he went in or out? < 注 > Lumley ラムリー Smythe スミス injured bitterness むっとした厳しさ groan うめく point by point 一つ一つ 7. 彼女は昨日ここに着きました 私達は明日出発します と彼は言った [17] ( He/arrived/before/and/start/day ) 8. どうか喋らないで下さい 彼の話に集中しましょう と彼女は私達に言った [17] ( She/speak/and/us/that/concentrate/speech )
解答第 1 章時制 1. 1 準備ができたら私に教えてくれ 2 いつ準備ができるか私に教えてくれ 2. 1 その機械は止まりかけている 2 その機械はいつも止まってばかりいる 3. 1 彼は友人を見送りに駅へ行ってきたところだ 2 彼は友人を見送りに駅へ行ってしまった 4. 1 彼が到着するまで, 私はずっと家にいるだろう 2 彼が到着するまでに, 私は家に戻っているだろう 5. あなたが今日私に会いに来てくれたのは運が良かったですね 明日の今頃は私は船に乗って しまっているでしょうから と, 大洋丸の船長の木村氏が言った 彼は最近,6 か月の航海から 帰ってきたところだった 6. 私は英国に来てもう3か月になります 私が君のことを忘れてしまっていると, 君が思っていなければいいのですが 見るべき場所があまりにも多く, また, すべきことがあまりにも多くあったので, 手紙を書く時間があまりなかったのです 間もなく大学での勉強を始めていることでしょう 今までは, 英国のことや英国の生活様式についてずっと学んできました 7. I don t know if it will rain tomorrow, but if it rains[does], I will stay home. 8. He has not begun[started] the job yet, but he will have already finished it by the time she comes.