Modified Spectral Modeling Synthesis Algorithm for Digital Piri Myeongsu Kang, Yeonwoo Hong, Sangjin Cho, Uipil Chong
6 > Abstract This paper describes a modified spectral modeling synthesis algorithm for digital Piri, which is a Korean woodwind instrument. The standard spectral modeling synthesis (SMS) considers the sound as a combination of deterministic and stochastic components and it usually takes long time to synthesize sounds and needs numerous parameters. In order to improve this drawback, it is necessary to modify the SMS. Thus, a novel approach for analysis, transformation and synthesis of the sound has been proposed. Moreover, it is possible to generate various sound duration flexibly using this modified SMS. Piri was a target to simulate the modified SMS. To synthesize sounds with the proposed method, it is firstly necessary to obtain a trimmed sound in the sustain region from the original Piri sound. Then, two parameter sets are required: a parameter set describing the characteristic of the Piri, such as deterministic frequencies, magnitudes and stochastic, and a parameter set including the window size, hop size and number of peaks. Finally, a flexible time scaling algorithm based on frame reallocation and interpolation technique is applied. Namely, the extracted parameters in the sustain region can be reallocated and interpolated to change the length of the synthesized sound with a real stretching factor. When synthesized sounds are compared with original sounds through their waveforms and spectra, the proposed method well synthesizes sounds which are similar to originals. The method is also applied successfully for other Korean instruments, Taepyeongso. Key words : Sound synthesis ( ), Spectral modeling ( ), Korean traditional woodwind instruments ( ), Time stretching algorithm ( ), Digital Piri ( )
< 7
8 >
< 9
10 >
< 11 [1] X. Serra and J. Smith, Spectral modeling synthesis: A sound analysis/synthesis system based on a deterministic plus stochastic decomposition. Computer Music Journal 14(4), pp. 12-24, 1990. [2] Allen, Jont B., Short term spectral analysis, synthesis, and modification by discrete Fourier transform, IEEE Trans. on Acoust., Speech, and Signal Proc., vol. ASSP-25, pp. 235-238, 1977. [3] X. Serra, A System for Sound Analysis/Transformation/Synthesis based on a Deterministic plus Stochastic Decomposition, Ph.D. Thesis. Stanford University, 1989. [4] X. Serra Musical Sound Modeling with Sinusoids plus Noise, published in C. Roads, S. Pope, A. Picialli, G. De Poli, editors. 1997. [ Musical Signal Processing. Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers] [5] McAulay, R.J. and T.F. Quatieri. Speech Analysis/Synthesis based on a Sinusoidal Representation. IEEE Trans. on Acoust., Speech, and Signal Proc. vol. 34, no. 4, pp.744-754, 1986. [6] Maher, R. C. and J. W. Beauchamp, Fundamental Frequency Estimation of Musical Signals using a twoway Mismatch Procedure. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 2254-2263, 1984. [7] Allen, Jont B. and Lawrence R. Rabiner. A Unified approach analysis and synthesis, IEEE Trans. on Acoust., Speech, and Signal Proc, vol. 65, pp. 1558-1564, 1977. [8] Serra, X, Residual Minimization in a Musical Signal Model based on a Deterministic plus Stochastic Decomposition. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. vol. 95 no. 5-2, pp. 2958-2959, 1994. [9] Jean-Pierre Dalmont, Joel Gilbert, and Sebastien Ollivier, Nonlinear characteristics of single-reed instruments: Quasistatic volume flow and reed opening measurements, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 2253-2262, 2003. [10] Fabrice Pinard, Benoit Laine, and Holger Vach, Musical quality assessment of clarinet reeds using optical holography, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 1736-1742, 2003. [11] Andre Almeida, Christophe Vergez, and Rene Causse, Quasistatic nonlinear characteristics of double-
12 > reed instruments, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 536-546, 2007. [12],,, FM,, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 37-40, 2006. [13],,, FM,, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 85-88, 2006. [14] Hye Jee Kim, Hye Jung Yoon, Hyung Je Cho, Jun Kim, A study on the spectrum analysis for the sound synthesis of Piri, KMMS, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 801-807, July, 2006. [15] Kieu Huu Thu, Joongbae Pyoun, Sangjin Cho, Uipil Chong, Parameter extraction for sound synthesis of the Dan Tranh, Proc. IFOST2008, pp. 310-313, June 23-29 2008. [16] Sangjin Cho, Uipil Chong, Physical modeling of Gayageum with application to sound engine in musical synthesizer, Proc. ICHIT, vol. 1, Cheju island, Korea, Nov 9-11, 2006. [17],,,, 2007.