Be Able to Hear and Sing DO RE DO MI DO FA DO SOL DO LA DO TI DO DO RE DO MI DO FA DO SOL DO LA DO TI DO DO DO MI FA MI SOL DO TI, DO SOL, FA MI SOL MI TI, DO SOL, DO Pitch SOLFEGE: do re mi fa sol la ti do a system of reading musical notes by assigning a different syllable to each note. MUSICAL includes only 7 letter; on the staff, each line or space represents ALPHABET: A B C D E F G a different letter. NOTE NAMES ON THE TREBLE STAFF: NOTE NAMES ON THE BASS STAFF:
HALF STEP: From one pitch to the very next pitch. WHOLE STEP: Two half steps. GIVEN DO IDENTIFY SOLFEGE ASSIGNED TO NOTES: AURALLY IDENTIFY 4 NOTE SOLFEGE EXAMPLES: DO RE MI DO DO MI RE FA DO MI SOL MI DO MI SOL LA DO RE MI FA DO SOL ME DO etc. ACCIDENTAL: a sharp, flat, or natural which is not in the key signature. Accidentals are placed before a note in a measure and remain in force for the rest of the measure for all with the same pitch name. half step SHARP: FLAT: raises the pitch by one half step lowers the pitch by one AURALLY IDENTIFY 5 NOTE SOLFEGE EXAMPLES: NATURAL: cancels a previous flat DO MI SOL FA DO or sharp, including any MI RE DO FA MI etc. sharps and flats found in the key signature. MAJOR SCALE: order of half & whole steps is W W H W W W H SKILL TO KNOW: tell where all whole & half steps are in the solfege scale: DO RE RE MI MI FA FA SOL SOL LA LA TI TI DO ( WHOLE STEPS, HALF STEPS)
ORDER OF SHARPS: (in a key signature) ORDER OF FLATS: (in a key signature) KEY SIGNATURE: Sharps or flats at the beginning of music that tell you where DO is. All note names shown in the key signature (in all octaves) should be sharped or flatted throughout the entire song. Rhythm EIGHTH NOTE: ½ beat EIGHTH REST: ½ beat of silence QUARTER NOTE: 1 beat QUARTER REST: 1 beat of silence HALF NOTE: 2 beats HALF REST: 2 beats of silence WHOLE NOTE: 4 beats WHOLE REST: 4 beats of silence TWO EIGHTH NOTES: eighth notes are usually beamed in set of two, together they add up 1 beat in 2/4, 3/4, and 4/4 time FUNCTION OF add half the value to the note THE DOT: DOTTED HALF NOTE: 3 beats DOTTED HALF REST: 3 beats of silence DOTTED QUARTER NOTE: 1 ½ beats DOTTED QUARTER REST: 1 ½ beats of silence
KNOW THIS RHYTHM: TIME SIGNATURE: ( the example shows seven different time signatures) RHYTHMIC DICTATION IN THE FOLLOWING TIME SIGNATURES: TOP NUMBER: number of beats per measure BOTTOM NUMBER: which type of note gets the beat TWO FOUR TIME: The time signature with two beats per measure when the quarter note gets the beat. THREE FOUR TIME: The time signature with three beats per measure when the quarter note gets the beat. FOUR FOUR TIME: The time signature with four beats per measure when the quarter note gets the beat. TIE: Combines the value of two notes of the same pitch together (notes that are the same pitch and next to each other.) SKILL TO KNOW: Practice how to work with tied notes in your music and various examples. SIXTEENTH NOTE: ¼ beat SIXTEENTH same as NOTES: SIXTEENTH REST: ¼ beat of silence would add up to 1 beat) (sixteenth notes are usually beams in sets of four, which COMMON TIME: common time same as 4/4 time: 4 (quarter note) beats per measure CUT TIME: cut time same as 2/2 time: 2 (half note) beats per measure
RHYTHM TO KNOW: Be able to dictate and perform the rhythms similar to the following example PICK UP NOTE(S): a note or notes before the first complete measure of a musical phrase Terms PITCH: the highness or lowness of a sound INTERVAL: the distance between two notes BEAT: the steady pulse of music RHYTHM: the division of steady beat MELODY: the main tune of a song HARMONY: notes that compliment the melody STAFF: five lines and four spaces TIE: combines the value of two on which music is written notes of the same pitch TREBLE CLEF: the symbol used for notes in BASS CLEF: the symbol used for notes the higher pitch range in the lower pitch range BARLINE: vertical line that separates MEASURE: the space between measures two barlines DOUBLE BARLINE: shows the end LEDGER lines that are of the song LINE(S): added to extend the range of the staff REPEAT SIGN: return to the beginning or previous repeat sign at the beginning of a section, go back and sing again.
DYNAMICS: the volume of the music ISSIMO: italian word ending meaning very FORTISSIMO: very loud FORTE: loud MEZZO FORTE: medium loud MEZZO PIANO: medium soft PIANO: soft PIANISSIMO: very soft CRESCENDO: to get louder DECRESCENDO: to get softer ARTICULATION: the style in which you perform the note ACCENT: to emphasize a note FERMATA: hold the note and watch the conductor LEGATO: smooth and connected, STACCATO: short and detached shown with a slur SLUR: a curved line drawn over or under two or more notes of different pitches that indicates legato (remember: it is a tie if the notes are on the same pitch and next to each other) TEMPO: the speed of the music A TEMPO: return to the original tempo ACCELERANDO: gradually get faster RITARDANDO: gradually get slower REPEAT SIGN: return to the beginning or previous repeat sign at the beginning of a section, go back and sing again. 1st AND 2nd ENDING: Play or sing through the first ending to the repeat sign, then go back to the beginning or repeat sign. When repeating, skip the first ending and go to the second ending.
D.S. AL CODA dal segno al coda Go back to the segno then skip to the coda when indicated. CODA an added ending or tail SEGNO a musical sign that marks a section; used with repeats