51st lesson( レッスン第 51 回 ) (25-50 min) Today s Pattern( 今日のパターン ): Both-and / Not only-but also / Not-but ( 相関接続詞 both and / not only but also / not but ) Today s Sentence( 今日の例文 ): Both Ana and Linda are beautiful. ( アナもリンダもどちらも美しいです ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Objectives of this material( このテキストの目的 ): 1. Broaden word expressions, not only to understand but also to construct them. ( 基本文型を理解するだけでなく 使いこなせるようになる ) 2. Gain confidence in speaking by completing simple practice conversations. ( 簡単な会話練習から始めて 英会話の自信をつける ) 3. Feel your progress and enjoy English! ( 自分の上達を実感し 英語を楽しむ ) Page 1
Previous Lessons Review( これまでのレッスンの復習 ) ( 5-10 min) Directions: Practice the sentence pattern of your previous lessons.( これまで勉強したパ ターンを復習しましょう ) 0-1. Prepositions in fixed phrases What are your plans for the weekend? Well, I plan to watch a movie as well go to the art exhibit this weekend. 0-2. Coordinating conjunctions- FANBOY Do you like watching movies? I like watching movies, but I d rather. 0-3. Coordinating conjunctions What did you do? I made while so I could finish them early. 0-4. so / such that Where do you plan to spend your winter vacation? I might go to Hokkaido. I heard it is such place for winter sports that a lot of people go skiing there. 0-5. Subordinating conjunctions Will you go on a vacation this summer? I will go if. Page 2
Grammar Review( 文法の復習 ) ( 5-10 min) You can use conjunctions to link words, phrases, and clauses. Correlative conjunctions always appear in pairs -- you use them to link equivalent sentence elements. The most common correlative conjunctions are "both...and", "either...or", "neither...nor", "not only...but also", "so...as and whether...or." The highlighted words in the following sentences are correlative conjunctions: Example1: Both Ana and Linda are beautiful. In this sentence, the correlative conjunction "both...and" is used to link the two nouns that act as the compound subject of the sentence. Example 2: John planted not only roses but also bananas. In this example the correlative conjunction "not only... but also" links the two nouns ("roses" and "bananas") which act as direct objects. Example 3: He is not Dave but Ted. In this sentence, the correlative conjunction not-but links the two nouns (Dave and Ted) and gives emphasis on the latter noun. Page 3
相関接続詞語と語 句と句 節と節 文と文を結びつける働きをする接続詞のうち 語句と語句が呼応して接続詞の働きをするものを相関接続詞といいます このレッスンでは 主な相関接続詞の用法を勉強します 相関接続詞 [both and ] both and は も も両方とも を意味します 例文 : Both Ana and Linda are beautiful. ( アナもリンダもふたりとも美しいです ) 相関接続詞 [not only but also ] not only but also は ばかりでなく も を意味します 例文 : John planted not only roses but also tulips. ( ジョンはバラばかりでなくチューリップも植えました ) 相関接続詞 [not but ] not but は ではなく を意味します 例文 : He is not Dave but Ted. ( 彼はデーブではなくテッドです ) Page 4
Exercise 1( エクササイズ 1) (2-4 min) Directions: Repeat after your tutor.( 講師に続けて言ってください ) Example( 例文 ): Both Ana and Linda are beautiful. ( アナもリンダも両方とも美しいです ) John planted not only roses but also tulips ( ジョンはバラばかりでなくチューリップも植えました ) He is not Dave but Ted. ( 彼はデーブではなくテッドです ) 1-1. Both Julie and Mary are cheerleaders. ( チアリーダーです ) take the bus every day.( 毎日バスに乗ります ) want to be doctors. ( 医者になりたいです ) are web designers. ( ウェブデザイナーです ) like to play soccer. ( サッカーをするのが好きです ) 1-2. My friends know not only how to sing but also how to dance. play not only tennis but also squash. are not only kind but also helpful. study not only diligently but also eagerly. speak not only Japanese but also English. 1-3 She is not a doctor but an engineer. a lawyer but a teacher. Asian but European. an architect but an accountant. a plumber but a gardener. diligently: 熱心に eagerly: ひたむきに plumber: 配管工 Page 5
Exercise 2( エクササイズ 2) (3-6 min) Directions: Complete the exercise below to make a sentence.( 下の文章を完成させてください ) Example( 例文 ): Both Ana and Linda are beautiful. ( アナもリンダもふたりとも美しいです ) John planted not only roses but also tulips. ( ジョンはバラばかりでなくチューリップも植えました ) He is not Dave but Ted. ( 彼はデーブではなくテッドです ) 2-1. Ned Pete play the violin. ( ネッド ピート バイオリンを弾きます ) 2-2. my father grandfather served in the army. ( 私の父 祖父 兵役に服しました ) 2-3. Miss Kitty is good at studying at dancing. ( ミス キティは勉強 ダンス 得意です ) 2-4. Roger Carlos know how to speak Russian. ( ロジャー カルロス ロシア語の話し方を知っています ) 2-5. She is my mother my aunt. ( 彼女は私の母 おば ) Page 6
Exercise 3( エクササイズ 3) (3-6 min) Directions: Match the words below to make a correct sentence or phrase. There may be multiple combinations. Choose the best answer.( 左と右の言葉を組み合わせて文を完成させてください 対応する組み合わせはひとつとは限りませんが その中で最も適切な答えを選びなさい ) Both Carol and Kathy 3-1. were assisted the park every morning. 3-2. jog around in the library for their exam. 3-3. work as nurses to help their parents. 3-4. are studying at the ICU of Kanagawa Hospital. 3-5. work hard by the policeman. My friends 3-6. have travelled not only around the US but also a mansion. 3-7. have a house not only but also generous. 3-8. owned not only a car but also around Europe. 3-9. are not only kind but also the poor. 3-10. help not only their family in Japan but also in Australia. generous: 気前のよい Page 7
Exercise 4( エクササイズ 4) (3-6 min) Directions: Practice having a conversation with your tutor.( 講師と会話を練習してみま しょう ) What are your hobbies? I enjoy playing both soccer <and / but / not only> baseball. How about your brother? My brother loves music. He plays not only the guitar <but also / and / but> the violin. Was he the one who performed at the theater yesterday? Yes. <Both/Not only/not> my brother <but also / but /and > my cousin performed yesterday. Your brother is quite good. Of course he is! He is not only a good performer <but / and / but also> an intelligent student. I think the love for music runs in your blood. It s because <both / but also / not only> my grandmother and grandfather are musicians. Page 8
Exercise 5 ( エクササイズ 5) (3-6 min) Directions: Practice having a conversation with your tutor.( 講師と会話を練習してみま しょう ) I ve heard that most of your friends are very talented. ( 才能に恵まれたお友達がたくさんいらっしゃるそうですね ) Yes, they really are. My friends can do not only singing. ( はい そうなんです 友達は歌うだけでなく ) Wow! Who among your friends plays sports as well? ( すごい! お友達の中でスポーツもする人は?) Both. ( の両方です ) What do you learn from playing sports? ( スポーツをしていてどんなことを学びますか?) I learn not only but also. ( だけでなくも学びます ) What does sportsmanship mean to you? ( あなたにとってスポーツマンシップとは?) Sportsmanship is not but. ( スポーツマンシップとは だけでなくです ) Page 9
Exercise 6( エクササイズ 6) (5-10 min) Directions: Practice and enjoy a free talk with your tutor.( 講師とフリートークを楽しみ ながら練習しましょう ) Guide Questions from the tutor:( 講師は次の質問で会話を始めます ) 6-1. What do you usually do during summer? 6-2. Who do you spend your free time with? 6-3. What is your most unforgettable summer experience? 6-4. How do your friends spend their summer vacation? Page 10