Antonyms GRAMMAR
Content In this lesson you will learn all about antonyms. Learning Outcomes Learn antonyms for adjectives. Learn antonyms that are determinate on the noun. Practice writing descriptive sentences. www.english-maestro.mn 1
Please note Antonyms by definition are words that are opposites. Quite a simple concept, but some words are not direct opposites. Examples: Cold Sweet Hot Savory Cooked Raw www.english-maestro.mn 2
Please note Direct antonyms are the direct opposite of an adjective. This is most common, but not always. Examples: Easy --------> Difficult Expensive --------> Cheap Fast --------> Slow www.english-maestro.mn 3
Please note At times, antonyms are not the direct opposite of an adjective. This all depends on the noun that they are describing. Examples: Food Sweet Savory Drink Sweet Sour Personalities www.english-maestro.mn 4 Sweet Mean
Please note As you saw from the last example, one simple adjective can have three antonyms depending on the noun it s describing. This is because: - Some nouns don t make sense when they use a certain adjective Ex. A savory drink doesn t make sense, where as savory food does - Some nouns use just one word but use a totally different word when talking about the opposite. - English is complex and uses a vast amount of words for certain things. www.english-maestro.mn 5
Speaking What are the antonyms for these words? The nouns are not important. 1) Soft 2) Smooth 3) Cheap 4) Light www.english-maestro.mn 6
Speaking What are the antonyms for these words? Now keep the nouns in mind 1) Soft (personality) 2) Smooth (transition) 3) Cheap (person) 4) Light (suitcase) www.english-maestro.mn 7
Please note As you were able to see, some words had totally different antonyms once there was a noun to describe. www.english-maestro.mn 8
Please note The bad news is that there is no formula or secret to understand if an antonym is relatable to a certain noun. It takes some memorization and understanding to know if an antonym can work on a certain noun. www.english-maestro.mn 9
Speaking Think of as many antonyms for this word as you can, regardless of what noun it could be relating to. High Crazy www.english-maestro.mn 10
Speaking Look at the image. What adjectives could you use to describe it? What antonyms? www.english-maestro.mn 11
Speaking True or False 1) The antonym of a hard class is a soft class. 2) The antonym of black coffee is white coffee. 3) The opposite of a hot girl is a cold girl. 4) The opposite of an open bar is a closed bar. www.english-maestro.mn 12
All of them were false. But why? Simply because the opposites made sense just not for the nouns presented. The answers were false because: - Some opposites don t make sense (EX. White coffee) - Some opposites have a totally different meaning (EX. Cold girl= reserved girl) www.english-maestro.mn 13
Speaking True or False 1) The antonym of an intelligent person is an unintelligent person. 2) The antonym of shallow person is a deep person. 3) The opposite of a full-time job is an empty-time job. 4) The opposite of a white chocolate is black chocolate. www.english-maestro.mn 14
Speaking Identify and correct the mistakes 1) He doesn t like spending money. He s so inexpensive! 2) I thought that would be hard but it was actually pretty soft. 3) I found out her secret and it s not crazy at all. It was so sane! 4) I d like my steak unwell please. www.english-maestro.mn 15
Speaking Identify and correct the mistakes 1) For being 5 years old he s actually very long unlike his short parents. 2) The water was very vague in the east but clear in the west of the island. 3) Her performance was the worst I ve ever seen. It was ungreat. 4) How are you? I m ugly good. www.english-maestro.mn 16
Speaking Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives 1) She wasn t very nice. She was kind of (un-nice/rude/crazy) 2) This product is! It will sell big! (hot/crazy/bigsellable) 3) My brother is very reserved. He s not at all. (available/outgoing/on hold) 4) Fresh vegetables sell better than ones do. (raw/rotten/lame) www.english-maestro.mn 17
Please note Remember that some antonyms are totally different based off the nouns. The best way to know is to ask yourself Can a (noun) be (adjective)? Examples: - Can a drink be savory? - Can a class be soft? - Can a girl be cold? www.english-maestro.mn 18 - Can a person be inexpensive?