http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf8z09p29g No online items Guide to the Works Progress Administration Collection on Orange County, California, 1935-1939 Processed by Laura Clark Brown; machine-readable finding aid created by Brooke Dykman Dockter Special Collections and Archives The UCI Libraries P.O. Box 19557 University of California Irvine, California 92623-9557 Phone: (949) 824-3947 Fax: (949) 824-2472 Email: spcoll@uci.edu URL: http://www.lib.uci.edu/rrsc/speccoll.html 1997 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Note Social Sciences --Anthropology --ArchaeologyHistory --History, California --History, Los Angeles AreaGeographical (by Place) --California --Los Angeles Area MS-R010 1
Guide to the Works Progress Administration Collection on Orange County, California, 1935-1939 Collection number: MS-R 10 Special Collections and Archives The UCI Libraries University of California Irvine, California Contact Information Special Collections and Archives The UCI Libraries P.O. Box 19557 University of California Irvine, California 92623-9557 Phone: (949) 824-3947 Fax: (949) 824-2472 Email: spcoll@uci.edu URL: http://www.lib.uci.edu/rrsc/speccoll.html Processed by: Laura Clark Brown Date Completed: October 1997 Encoded by: Brooke Dykman Dockter 1997. The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Works Progress Administration Collection on Orange County, California, Date (inclusive): 1935-1939 Collection number: MS-R010 Creator: Works Progress Administration Extent: Number of containers: 15 document boxes, 3 record cartons and 1 oversize folder Linear feet: 15.75 Repository: University of California, Irvine. Library. Special Collections and Archives. Irvine, California 92623-9557 Abstract: The collection is comprised of reports from the historical and anthropological projects completed by the Works Progress Administration in Orange County, California from 1935 to 1939. The projects' reports reveal factual information on local history and anthropological research on Native Americans. Most reports are original or first carbon typescripts; they are illustrated with original photographs and sketches. Language: English. Access Collection is open for research Publication Rights Property rights reside with Rancho Santiago College. Literary rights are retained by the creators of the records and their heirs. For permissions to reproduce or to publish, please contact the Head of Special Collections and University Archives. Preferred Citation MS-R010 2
Works Progress Administration Collection on Orange County, California. MS-R 10. Special Collections and Archives, The UCI Libraries, Irvine, California. Date accessed. For the benefit of current and future researchers, please cite any additional information about sources consulted in this collection, including permanent URLs, item or folder descriptions, and box/folder locations. Acquisition Information Placed on permanent deposit by Rancho Santiago College in 1989. Processing History Processed by Laura Clark Brown in 1997. Organizational History President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in 1935 as a part of his New Deal to curtail the Depression's effects on the United States. The WPA attempted to provide the unemployed with jobs that allowed individuals to preserve skills or talents. The Federal Writers' Project (FWP), one branch of the WPA, provided work for over 6,600 unemployed writers, journalists, editors and researchers throughout the United States. Directed by Henry G. Alsberg in Washington, the FWP concentrated its efforts on the American Guide Series, comprised of travel guides for every state and for numerous municipalities and regions. The guides contained material on regional and state history, architecture, geography and commerce. Other FWP writers worked on smaller local projects, including ethnic studies, folklore collections, nature studies and local history. California's FWP produced California: A Guide to the Golden State, as well as guides to San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Monterey and Death Valley. In Orange County, the FWP created "A History of Orange County, California" (1936). Less than fifty years old at the time, Orange County had many living early settlers who contributed information to the historical compilation. The WPA in Orange County also employed anthropologists and archeologists who excavated several sites and compiled reports and lists of artifacts related primarily to Native Americans in the region. When the United States entered World War II, the Depression and with it the New Deal came to an end. The new war economy resulted in low unemployment and eliminated the time and money formerly available for the types of projects undertaken by the WPA. Scope and Content The collection is comprised of reports from the Historical and Anthropological projects completed by the Works Progress Administration in Orange County, California from 1935 to 1939. The projects' reports reveal factual information on local history and anthropological research on Native Americans. Most reports are original or first carbon typescripts; they illustrated with original photographs and sketches. The collection is organized into three series: History of Orange County, Anthropological Project, and Duplicate Originals and Photocopies. Original reports are in the first two series, and duplicates and copies of these originals are in the third series. The "History of Orange County, California" project attempted to document local history from 1769 to 1889 and emphasized the era before the County was formally established in 1889. The WPA produced 27 volumes of reports on such topics as historic adobe buildings, architecture, agriculture, water supply, irrigation, natural resources, commerce, transportation, cities and towns, government, notable lawsuits, education, religion, sports and recreation, biography, and the partition of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana (the Spanish land grant that now contains the communities of Orange, Villa Park, Santa Ana, Tustin, Costa Mesa, and part of Newport Beach). Many historical reports were based on secondary sources, but some writers used primary sources as well. An indexed guide to the reports has been cataloged (SpCol Ref. F868.O8 U551936) and is available in Special Collections. The arrangement of the reports within the series is based on the index, which is a rough alphabetical order by title. The detailed index should be used together with this guide to navigate through the collection. The Anthropology project consists of 23 volumes of reports on excavations of Orange County archaeological sites; it includes lists and sketches of artifacts and photographs of the excavations. It concludes with a summary monograph, A Study of Primitive Man in Orange County and Its Coastal Areas, by Gladys E. Ashby and John W. Winterbourne. The anthropological reports are organized into two subseries: Excavation Reports and Artifacts and Native Americans. MS-R010 3
1. History of Orange County, California 1. History of Orange County, California Series 1 is comprised of 27 reports on a variety of local history topics researched and written from 1935 to 1936. The reports focus on the period 1769 to 1889, prior to Orange County's formal establishment, and each report documents its subject in three named periods within that date range: the Indian Period (pre-1769), the Spanish-Mexican Period (ca. 1769-1848), and the American Period (ca. 1848-1889). The reports are typescripts with sketches, photographs and maps inserted within the text. The series also contains a chronological list of significant events in Orange County history. Reports are arranged in a loose alphabetical order by title based on the order in the cataloged index mentioned in the Scope and Content above. 2. Anthropological Project Series 2 is comprised of typescript reports dating from 1935 to 1939. They document anthropological and archeological work conducted in Orange County by the WPA and contain photographs and sketches of artifacts and excavation sites. Each report includes field notes, lists of artifacts gathered, and summary information based on the field research. The series is organized in two subseries, each arranged chronologically. 2.1. Excavation Reports. Arranged chronologically by excavation date, the reports include daily field notes and photographs of each Orange County excavation site. 2.2. Artifacts and Native Americans. Arranged chronologically by the date of the report, these reports list and index artifacts recovered from the sites, provide sketches of those artifacts, survey Native American campsites, and summarize the project's research in A Study of Primitive Man in Orange County and Its Coastal Areas. 3. Duplicate Originals and Photocopies Duplicate originals and photocopies of some of the reports in Series 1 and 2 were also placed on deposit; there is no new information in the series. Duplicates and copies are housed separately, following the same arrangement as the original reports. Several of the duplicate originals are incomplete, primarily lacking the illustrated materials, and the quality of the photocopies is often poor, particularly in the illustrations. The reports in Series 1 and 2 are complete and have been prepared for researcher use, and there should be no need to use the duplicates in most cases. 1. History of Orange County, California Box 1, Folder 1-7 Box 1, Folder 8-11 Box 1, Folder 12-16 Box 1, Folder 17-18 Box 2, Folder 1-5 Box 2, Folder 6 Box 2, Folder 6 Adobes Architecture Biographies Broadcast Cities and Towns Domestic Water Supply Don Juan Forster v. Pío Pico (court transcripts) MS-R010 4
1. History of Orange County, California Box 2, Folder 7-9 Volume I Box 2, Volume II Folder 10-12 Box 3, Folder 1-2 Volume III Box 3, Folder 3-4 Volume IV Box 3, Folder 5-6 Dress and Costumes Box 3, Folder 7-9 Early Education Box 3, Folder 10 Food Box 3, Government Folder 11-13 Box 4, Folder 1-4 Historical and Unusual Trees Box 4, Folder 5-8 Industry: Agriculture Box 4, Folder 9-11 Industry: Commerce Box 4, Industry: Manufacture Folder 12-14 Box 5, Folder 1-3 Irrigation Box 5, Folder 4 Life and Customs Box 5, Folder 5 Mediums of Exchange Box 5, Folder 6-9 Natural Resources Box 5, Partition of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana Folder 10-12 Box 5, People Folder 13-14 Box 5, Pioneer Tales Folder 13-14 Box 6, Folder 1-6 Volume I Box 6, Folder 7-8 Volume II Box 6, Folder 9-10 Religious Beliefs Box 6, Folder 9-10 Special Subjects Box 6, Folder 11 Cattle Industry Box 6, Folder 12 Santa Ana Public Library History, to 1936 Box 6, Folder 12 Historic Flags of California, 1769-1847 Box 6, Folder 12 The Happy Hunting Ground Box 6, Folder 12 Rise and Fall of the Grape Industry Box 7, Folder 1 County Division and Organization Box 7, Folder 1 Commission to Organize Orange County Box 7, Folder 1 Geography Box 7, Folder 1 Newspapers Box 7, Folder 2 Formation of Early Oranges Box 7, Folder 2 Great Real Estate Boom of the Eighties Box 7, Folder 2 Squatters in Orange County Box 7, Folder 2 Land Grants Box 7, Folder 3-4 Sports and Recreation Box 7, Folder 5-7 Transcript on Appeal, Anaheim Water Company v. Semi-Tropic Water Company Box 7, Folder 8-9 Transportation Box 7, Folder 10-11 Chronological Index of Important Events in Southern California with Special Reference to Orange County 2. Anthropological Project 2.1. Excavation Reports 1935 Site Reports Limestone Canyon Sand Hill Camp Adams-Fairview Newland Hillside Banning Estate MS-R010 5
2. Anthropological Project 2.1. Excavation Reports Banning Box 8, Folder 2 1936 Box 8, Folder 3 1937 Box 8, Folder 4 1937-1938 Box 8, Folder 5 Black Star Canyon (1937) Box 8, Folder 6 Bonita (1938) Box 8, Folder 7 Griset (1938) Box 8, Folder 7 Moro Canyon Box 8, Folder 8 Site 1 (1936) Box 9, Folder 1 Site 2 (1938) Box 9, Folder 1 Newland (1937) Box 9, Folder 2 Report Box 9, Folder 3 Plates Box 9, Folder 4 Rancherías: Bonita Mesa, San Joaquín Gun Club, and Corona del Mar (1938) Box 9, Folder 4 Santiago Cave (1937) Box 9, Folder 5 Report Box 9, Folder 6 Plates Box 9, Folder 7 Sketches Box 9, Folder 8 San Joaquín Home Ranch (1938) 2.2. Artifacts and Native Americans Box 9, Folder 8 2.2.1. Artifacts Box 10, Folder 1 Material [artifacts] turned over from State Emergency Relief Administration (SERA) (1935) Box 10, Folder 2 List of artifacts found in Moro Canyon (1937) Box 10, Folder 3 Drawings of Indian Artifacts: Bone, Ceremonial, Decorative, Household, Hunting, and Indian Art (1937) Box 10, Folder 4 Index to Artifacts (1937-1938) Box 10, Folder 5 Surface Artifacts (1938) Box 10, Folder 6 Asphalted (Tarred) Artifacts Box 10, Folder 6 2.2.2. Other Reports Box 10, Folder 7 Life, Customs and Peculiar Artifacts of the Southwest Coast Indians and Orange County Indians (1935) Box 10, Folder 8 Preliminary Survey of Indian Camp Sites on Irvine Property (1935) Box 10, Folder 9 Birds, Fish, Plants, Fruit and Shells (1936) Box 10, Folder 10 Indian Campsites (1938) Box 10, Folder 11 A Study of Primitive Man in Orange County and Its Coastal Areas (1939) 3. Duplicate Originals and Photocopies 3.1. Duplicate Originals Box 10, Folder 11 Folder 1 Folder 2 Folder 3 Folder 4-5 Folder 6 Folder 7 Folder 8 Folder 9 Folder 10-11 Folder 12-13 History of Orange County, California Adobes (incomplete) Architecture Biographies Cities and Towns Domestic Water Supply Dress and Costume Education Food Government Industry: Agriculture MS-R010 6
3. Duplicate Originals and Photocopies 3.1. Duplicate Originals Industry: Commerce Folder 14-15 Industry: Manufacturing Folder 16-17 Folder 18 Irrigation Folder 19 Mediums of Exchange Natural Resources Folder 20-21 Partition of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana Folder 22-23 People Folder 24-25 Pioneer Tales, Volumes I-II Folder 26-30 Religion Folder 31-32 Folder 33 Sports and Recreation Folder 34 Transportation Folder 34 Anthropological Project Folder 35 Bonita Folder 36 Griset Box 13, Folder 1-3 Moro Canyon, Sites 1-2 Box 13, Folder 4-5 San Joaquin Home Ranch (2 copies) Box 14, Folder 1-2 Drawings of Indian Artifacts Box 14, Folder 3 Asphalted (Tarred) Artifacts Box 14, Folder 4 List of artifacts found in Moro Canyon Box 14, Folder 5 Surface Artifacts Box 14, Folder 6 Birds, Fish, Plants, Fruit and Shells Box 14, Folder 7-8 A Study of Primitive Man and Its Coastal Areas (2 copies) Box 11, Folder 1-8 Photographs from Anthropological Project (unidentified) 3.2. Photocopies Box 11, Folder 1-8 Folder 1-4 Folder 5 Folder 6 Folder 7-9 Folder 10 Folder 11-13 Folder 14 Folder 15 Folder 16-19 Folder 20-21 Folder 22-23 Folder 24-26 Folder 27 Folder 1-4 Folder 5-6 Folder 7-8 Folder 9-15 History of Orange County, California Adobes (2 copies) Biographies Domestic Water Supply Don Juan Forster v. Pio Pico (court transcripts), Volumes I-III Dress and Costume Education Food Historical and Unusual Trees Industry: Agriculture Industry: Commerce Industry: Manufacturing Irrigation (2 copies) Mediums of Exchange Natural Resources Partition of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana People Pioneer Tales, Volumes I-II MS-R010 7
3. Duplicate Originals and Photocopies 3.2. Photocopies Religion Folder 16-17 Folder 18 Special Subjects Sports and Recreation Folder 19-20 Folder 21 Transportation Folder 22 Chronological Index of Important Events in Southern California with Special Reference to Orange County Folder 22 Anthropological Project Folder 23 1935 Site Reports Banning (1937, 1938) Folder 24-25 Folder 26 Black Star Canyon Folder 27 Bonita Folder 28 Griset Moro Canyon, Sites 1-2 Folder 29-31 Folder 32 Newland (1937) Box 17, Folder 1-3 Three Coastal Rancherías (3 copies) Box 17, Folder 4 Santiago Cave Box 17, Folder 5-8 San Joaquin Home Ranch (2 copies) Box 18, Folder 1 Material [artifacts] turned over from SERA Box 18, Folder 2-3 List of artifacts found in Moro Canyon (2 copies) Box 18, Folder 4 Drawings of Indian Artifacts: Bone, Ceremonial, Decorative, Household, Hunting, and Indian Art Box 18, Folder 5 Surface Artifacts Box 18, Folder 6 Asphalted (Tarred) Artifacts Box 18, Folder 7 Life, Customs and Peculiar Artifacts of the S.W. Coast Indians and Orange County Indians Box 18, Folder 8 Preliminary Survey of Indian Camp Sites on Irvine Property Box 18, Folder 9 Birds, Fish, Plants, Fruit and Shells Box 18, Folder 10 Indian Campsites Box 18, Folder 11 A Study of Primitive Man and Its Coastal Areas MS-R010 8