RVHS Earth Science Research Library Media Center Resources January 2017
OBJECTIVES We will Write a research paper for Earth Science that is formatted according to APA style guidelines, and which includes correct in-text citations and a complete and correct reference page. I will Appropriately paraphrase or quote passages from research sources Practice creating in-text citations Practice creating entries on a References page. Locate places to find information for the continuation research project
WHO CARES? YOU SHOULD. You will be assigned a RESEARCH PAPER about one of several topics. You will start by reading one article on the topic and writing a one to two page paper based on that article. Later, you will have to find more information on the topic in books, databases, and websites. Your teacher will give you the specifics for the topics of the research paper.
WHO CARES? 25 POINTS!! You will be required to include a properly documented References page in proper APA format. Sources in the paper must be properly cited with in-text citations in correct APA format. Information used without appropriate citations is academically unethical, and may be considered plagiarism. Anything that is not coming from your own brain, and your own expert experience, needs to be appropriately cited. This information comes directly from your assignment and appears in the grading rubric.
WHO CARES? Anything that is not coming from your own brain, and your own expert experience, needs to be appropriately cited.
WHAT IS APA? APA (American Psychological Association) is the most commonly used style guide for writing and documentation in papers and manuscripts in the biological science and social science disciplines. APA specifically regulates: Stylistics (formatting guidelines) In-text citations (references to sources within the paper) References (all sources used in the paper)
REFERENCES PAGE Almost all research papers have a page at the end that lists the sources used in the paper.
REFERENCES PAGE What does it look like? Center the word References at the top of the page. Double-space reference entries. Use hanging indentation. (easy to do in MS Word) Entries are placed alphabetically by the author s last names.
REFERENCES PAGE What does it look like? Purdue OWL provides you with all the information you need to create a correct APA citation.
IN-TEXT CITATIONS How do you cite sources WITHIN your paper? Your references don t exist without a corresponding citation within your paper. You can t just put your list of sources at the end and expect your reader to figure out what came from where. You need to use a reference system within your paper to show your reader how these sources were used.
You can t include anything HERE unless it is referred to HERE
IN-TEXT CITATIONS Parenthetical References In order to let your reader know throughout your paper where your information came from, you have to use parenthetical references that include author s name and date of publication. Parenthetical references should be used whenever you paraphrase or directly quote any source. PARAPHRASING QUOTING
IN-TEXT CITATIONS Parenthetical References - Paraphrasing Paraphrase: Intimacy can be defined in many different ways, and can be mental or physical. How IM affects intimacy, or vice versa, is a complex study (Hu, Wood, Smith & Westbrook, 2004). Paraphrasing is expressing what the author means using entirely different words. Paraphrasing IN NOT just substituting one or two words. Try reading and then turning over the book or paper, or minimizing your document and then writing out your understanding of what you just read.
IN-TEXT CITATIONS Parenthetical References Direct Quotes Quotes: There are numerous ways to entice young adults to use Internet messaging, including offering a variety of interfaces from which the college student might choose to develop a personal setting, and increasing the number of available emoticons (Hu, Wood, Smith & Westbrook, 2004, p. 10). Quotes are copied word for word from the text. Quotes should be used MINIMALLY in your research paper. Quotes should be used only when you absolutely cannot think of a better way to phrase a thought or idea. Use quotation marks.
IN-TEXT CITATIONS With signal phrases You can also use signal phrases: using the author(s) name(s) to introduce what you are about to say followed by publication date in parentheses. This is what it looks like: Paraphrase: Hu, Wood, Smith & Westbrook (2004) suggest that intimacy can be defined in many different ways, and can be mental or physical, and how IM affects intimacy, or vice versa, is a complex study. Quote: Hu, Wood, Smith & Westbrook (2004) state that there are numerous ways to entice young adults to use Internet messaging, including offering a variety of interfaces from which the college student might choose to develop a personal setting, and increasing the number of available emoticons (p. 10). Notice that the period comes after the source citation. If you don t have a page number leave it blank.
IN-TEXT CITATIONS Number of authors There are rules for everything! Note! USE PURDUE OWL AS YOUR GUIDE!!
IN-TEXT CITATIONS Length of Quotation There are rules for everything! USE PURDUE OWL AS YOUR GUIDE!!
ONCE AGAIN Anything that is not coming from your own brain, and your own expert experience, needs to be appropriately cited. Question: Would you expect to have just a couple in-text citations? Maybe 4 or 5? More than that?
6 groups Everyone in group will read the article. Elect one person in the group to act as secretary. Go to the Google doc (link can be found at the bottom of the Earth Science Pathfinder on the library web page). Your group s secretary will do the typing in the Google Doc. Your group will work together to paraphrase information from the article in writing, along with the appropriate in-text citation, just as if you were writing a research paper. Your group will work together to create an APA reference for the article. You MAY NOT use a citation generator. You must use Purdue OWL to guide you as you create your reference.
MICROSOFT WORD REFERENCE TOOL Watch the video on the pathfinder for more detailed information.
PATHFINDER Where to go to start your research More research required later Print books Ebooks Databases Internet sites Find the links HERE
PROCESS 6 Steps of Research Mr. Wharton and Ms. Bartley will provide you with an article on a specific topic. PATHFINDER!
PROCESS 6 Steps of Research Your final paper.
FINAL PAPER Remember the basics First paragraph: Starts with a broad overview of the topic. Ends with a specific statement. 1 st supporting paragraph 2 nd supporting paragraph 3 rd supporting paragraph *can have more than 3 supporting paragraphs Concluding paragraph: State the main point of everything you have written. Reiterate the important points of the topic in a broad way.
Visit the library if you need help with writing, editing, formatting, creating in-text citations, and references. We can also help you navigate the pathfinder to find resources for your research.