PLANNING AND LAND ADMINISTRATION CHALLENGES IN THE DEVELOPING NEW CITIES:- BY IBRAHIM USMAN JIBRIL Nasarawa Geographic Information Service, NAGIS Nasarawa State, Nigeria ijibril@nagis.org Introduction Created by the FCT ACT in 1976 Land mass approx. 8,000 sq. km. Predominantly rural at inception with about 300,000 population Agriculture main economic activity Very little development in the area before 1976. 2 FIG Working Week 2015 1
Located in North central part of Nigeria, Land mass approx. 8,000 sq. km. Actual construction work started in the 1980s, The seat of the Federal Government of Nigeria moved to Abuja from Lagos in 1991. 3 FCC Master Plan The Master Plan for the City submitted to Government in 1979 by the International Planning Associates (IPA), Provided for 254.98sq km (or 25,498 hectares) for the development of the Federal Capital City (FCC), Designed in a crescent shape, 4 FIG Working Week 2015 2
Key Elements of the Master Plan Provided an organized pattern of land use and development guidelines:- 500 hectares of government activity, 891 hectares of service, 12,486 hectares of residential land, 920 hectares of light industry, 1,840 hectares of transport infrastructure, 561 hectares of commercial and 8,300 hectares of open and recreational land. 5 Key Elements of the Master Plan Provided for phase development (Phases I IV), Each phase has a number of districts with a mixture of residential, commercial, educational and recreational land uses. The neighborhood concept is adopted as the smallest unit of development within a district. Each neighborhood is designed for a population of 5,000 people, with common facilities such as a nursery and primary school, a shopping center, a park, and other services. Collections of four or five neighborhood constitute a district. Each district has a district center where services such as district postal service, district fire service, secondary school, shopping malls, hotels, police department and many others can be found. The growth modules in the form of development sectors, each a mini-city of 100,000 to 250,000, focused on internal secondary employment centers and sub-divided into residential districts. The residential districts are planned for between 40,000 to 60,000 people. 6 FIG Working Week 2015 3
Key Elements Phase development.. Phase I, 10 districts Combine size of 90.2sq km Phase II, 20 districts Combine size of 97sq km Phase III, 23 districts Combine size of 153.2sq km Phase IV, 44 districts Combine size of 231.8sq km 7 Central Area of Abuja, FCC 8 FIG Working Week 2015 4
Central Area The Central Area is situated in the central part of the city with residential districts surrounding it on both sides (northwest and southeast axis). It consists of a mall flanked by Federal Government buildings focused on the National Assembly. It extends to the southeast in the form of the major commercial shopping street, ending at the transportation center with a major sports complex adjacent. 9 Challenges in the last three decades of the FCC development Governmental Policy changes & inconsistencies, Strong political will, Finances. Extensions beyond original FCC boundary 19 districts created from Municipal Area Council Adding 405.6sq km to the City, 8 districts created from Bwaria Area Council Adding 145.7sq km to the City, 10 FIG Working Week 2015 5
Challenges. Series of Extensions to the east of the city Original shape of the city. 11 Series of Extensions to the North of the city Increased size of the FCC -250 sq. km. to 1,123 sq. km. Implications -more traffic, more population and overstretching of the existing infrastructure. 12 FIG Working Week 2015 6
Challenges It is clear that the population of the FCC has already gone beyond the projected 3 million and the relocation to other satellite towns is not going according to plan. Very little emphasis is placed on these satellite towns even though there is an Agency (FCT, Satellite Towns Development Agency) set up to address this issue. So far Phase I remains the most developed part of the city, No rail line yet construction of both the National rail into the city & the Abuja light rail going at slow phase, Traffic logjam is a common phenomenon despite the good roads Housing needs is another area of concern. 13 14 FIG Working Week 2015 7
Extensions on Greens 429 2259 430 430 431 451 442 435 443 435 452 431 450 443 444 445 434 434 451 444 445 433 449 433 450 432 458 448 1555 432 458 449 447 446 459 448 447 446 479 459 479 460 2253 478 460 478 461 477 461 477 462 2254 462 463 464 465 466 476 463 464 465 466 476 475 2256 2257 1554 2258 475 ARUZA CRESCENT 474 473 472 474 473 472 1546 1546 467 467 471 470 469 471 470 469 1545 1545 468 468 1548 1548 1659 2326 1547 1547 1544 1544 NOUAKCHOTT STREET 648 648 489 489 429 2259 430 430 431 451 442 435 443 435 452 431 450 443 444 445 434 434 451 444 445 433 449 433 450 432 458 448 1555 432 458 449 447 446 459 448 447 446 479 459 479 460 2253 478 460 478 461 477 461 477 462 2254 462 463 464 465 466 476 463 464 465 466 476 475 2256 2257 1554 2258 475 ARUZA CRESCENT 474 473 472 474 473 472 1546 1546 467 467 471 470 469 471 470 469 1545 1545 468 468 1548 1548 1659 2326 1547 1547 1544 1544 NOUAKCHOTT STREET 648 648 489 489 GONDER STREET PRIMARY 892 SCHOOL 532 1980 1980 1981 1981 1673 484 488 484 488 48 4 485 485 483 486 2240 483 486 1558 PRIMARY 892 SCHOOL 532 1980 1980 1981 1981 1673 484 488 484 488 487 487 485 485 483 486 2240 483 486 1558 1978 1978 1982 1982 1556 1557 1978 1978 1982 1982 1556 1557 1678 74 1975 974 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1677 1677 1979 1979 1991 1991 1983 1983 1984 1984 606 606 605 605 604 604 1974 1974 1975 1975 1678 1976 1976 1677 1677 1977 1977 1979 1979 1991 1991 1983 1983 1984 1984 606 606 605 605 604 604 0 25 50 75 100 125 m 1992 1990 1683 1993 1992 1990 1682 1681 1993 1985 1985 0 25 50 75 100 125 m 1992 1990 1683 1993 1992 1990 1682 1681 1993 1985 1985 15 Extensions on Greens 2825 2826 2827 2873 2872 2849 2828 2832 2871 2848 1999 2870 1221 2850 2846 2847 2829 2835 1993 2830 28331995 1378 2874 1998 2851 2844 2845 2831 2834 2836 1220 2860 2852 1994 3143 1222 2853 2837 3169 1219 1217 1216 1223 2859 2842 2843 1224 2838 3192 1218 1226 2854 1228 2858 2841 2840 2839 1264 1265 1266 1246 1230 2086 1996 1225 1232 1227 1234 2354 2857 2000 3194 1263 1247 1229 1236 1262 1268 1231 2349 2855 3196 1248 1379 1233 1237 2348 1261 1235 1238 2275 1245 2347 1276 1267 1260 1249 1244 1239 1278 2343 2856 1154 3195 1250 1243 1274 2346 2342 1350 3443 1273 2345 2208 1251 1241 1252 1279 2344 2341 2366 1272 3120 2338 1997 3170 1190 1280 1286 2363 1253 1365 1240 1314 2340 2337 1281 1191 1285 1315 2457 2339 2336 2276 2087 1242 1192 1271 1282 1284 2458 2335 1326 1275 1283 1195 1195 1254 1316 2459 2334 2095 2533 2088 618 1368 1331 1327 2460 2361 1372 1304 3440 1255 3444 3441 1194 1305 1290 2534 1330 1193 1193 1289 1333 1256 1288 1328 2333 3446 3445 1257 1287 1306 1291 1332 1258 3447 3437 1352 1307 1294 1293 1292 1337 2332 2096 1329 2768 1336 2097 2767 1313 1335 1339 1353 3448 2098 2763 3438 1351 2570 1678 2102 1308 1295 1038 1297 1334 2766 2764 2536 3449 1296 1340 1338 1679 2765 3176 1309 1298 3450 1300 1341 1354 3160 3451 2331 2492 1541 1310 1299 1301 1342 1355 3116 1302 1356 2619 3499 2636 1385 2403 1311 1312 2099 1303 1343 1359 3507 3497 3016 2644 2635 2643 2632 1384 2399 1349 1344 2611 3491 3498 2634 2633 2253 1366 1348 1347 13461345 1367 1597 1624 1627 2222 2640 1596 2114 1625 1626 1552 2625 2594 2628 2601 2631 2103 2252 2398 2642 2242 2590 2641 2251 2624 2629 2248 2223 2626 26272645 2630 2243 2211 2250 1037 2591 2598 2241 1388 2244 1389 2249 2240 2247 2224 2245 1038 2649 2613 2614 2582 2256 2238 2239 2234 2246 2255 1387 1386 2225 2230 703 2233 2653 2235 1329 2581 2237 2236 2232 2228 1328 2652 26512650 2579 2580 2231 2226 918 2229 705 418 0 60 120 180 240 300 m 1034 1027 2499 3266 0 60 120 180 240 300 m 2498 3490 2130 2500 2450 2449 3121 2227 704 706 826 707 709 710 711 53 16 FIG Working Week 2015 8
Extensions on Greens TREET 1283 DANFODIO CRESCENT 1045 1247 861 1053 1046 860 1047 859 1052 846 858 5 1051 1048 857 1064 1050 1049 856 1063 492 493 855 1062954 667 854 060 668 853 058 848 849 852 1056 850 1291 1292 1054 1302 1300 1301 1299 1293 1290 1297 1298 1294 1296 A04 1295 ASOKORO QUEEN AMINA STREET 1284 398 1329 901 902 900 904 905 903 1304 1251 1305 1250 1330 1249 1252 1320 1248 584 865 1306 864 585 962 1319 1321 28 5 906 4 1322 3 29 1318 956 30 1311 9 1317 1328 7 8 1312 32 11 27 33 1327 1323 12 26 34 1326 1324 13 25 14 957 1325 40 41 24 955 15 1331 37 39 42 43 23 961 16 22 53 54 56 44 17 51 52 57 45 21 63 58 18 64 46 20 65 48 49 50 960 59 62 47 19 60 72 66 67 61 87 958 83 84 88 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 959 85 89 QUEENIDIA STREET UDO UDOMA S UKPABI ASIKA STREET AKENZUA STREET ADEKUNLE FAJUYI CLOSE AJAYI CROWTHER STREET ISA KAITA CLOSE 90 E 0 60 120 180 240 300 m 399 ABUBAKAR KOKO STREET 402 966 390 396 392 393 394 395 124 391 973 125 92 120 112 126 111 93 119 113 127 110 PATRICK L WILLIAM TORBAH CLOSE 17 Encroachments on Road Corridor 18 FIG Working Week 2015 9
Conclusion 35 years of development has been quite eventful & remarkable, Much has been done & much more needs to be done, Resettlement issues needs to be addressed holistically, Professional bodies in Nigeria need to show more concern, much more involvement in shaping & driving positive policies in the development of Abuja, Further studies are needed for the FCC ( particularly in areas of Housing, Transportation, etc. 19 Thank you for Your Attention! 20 FIG Working Week 2015 10