Honolulu Community College Library Library Guide 3.5 Documenting Sources in MLA Style (8 th Ed.) Guidelines for properly citing sources using the Modern Language Association s (MLA) style have changed with the new 8 th edition. Please refer to the examples provided in this handout when writing your paper and creating your Works Cited list. For a detailed explanation of specific references, please refer to the MLA Handbook (LB2369.G53 2016) or the MLA Style Center online - https://style.mla.org. PREPARING YOUR WORKS CITED LIST When citing sources, the new style organizes elements 1 9 in the order indicated to the right. Notice the punctuation marks indicated for each element. Basic commas and periods should follow each element accordingly. The use of the term container refers to the larger whole where the source is found, such as an article located in a magazine. Certain sources will require elements 3 9 to repeat; think of it as one container nesting in another container an article retrieved from a library database is an example of this. Below are the citation components for a magazine article retrieved from a library database: Container 1 (Elements 1-9 = the article) Samuels, Allison, et al. Battle for the Soul of Hip-Hop. Newsweek, vol. 136, no. 15, 9 Oct. 2000, pp. 58-65. Container 2 (Elements 3-9 repeated, irrelevant elements are omitted = where it was found) Academic Search Complete, hccproxy.lib.hawaii.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&an=3610640&site=ehost-live. Accessed 23 June 2016. Complete citation Samuels, Allison, et al. Battle for the Soul of Hip-Hop. Newsweek, vol. 136, no. 15, 9 Oct. 2000, pp. 58-65. Academic Search Complete, hccproxy.lib.hawaii.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost. com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&an=3610640&site=ehost-live. Accessed 23 June 2016. 1
Works Cited items are listed at the end of your paper, arranged alphabetically by the author s last name, or when there is no author, by the first word of the title (except A, An or The). Format each entry so that the second and subsequent lines have a hanging indent (of half an inch) from the left margin. Online sources should include the full URL from your Web browser, but omit http:// or https://. Articles from scholarly journals may include an assigned Digital Object Identifier (DOI). If given a choice, use a DOI when available instead of the URL. Please refer to the most frequently cited sources below. Books in Print Author Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication date. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. Bantam Books, 1986. Books Online Library ebook Author Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication date. Database name, URL. Date of access. Nama, Adili. Super Black: American Pop Culture and Black Superheroes. U of Texas P, 2001. ProQuest ebrary, site.ebrary.com/lib/honcclib/detail.action?docid= 10512321. Accessed 23 June 2016. Newspaper Articles in Print Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Newspaper, Date, Page(s). Perez, Rob. "City Pushes to Keep Its Elevated-Rail Plan." Honolulu Advertiser, 18 Jan. 2010, pp. B1+. Newspaper Articles Online Web Page Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Title of Website, Date, URL. Date of access. Mele, Christopher. Airlines Phasing Out Screens Because You Are All on Your Devices. New York Times, 16 Feb. 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/business/streaming-flights-movies.html. Accessed 21 Feb. 2017. HCC Library 3/2/17 2
Library Database Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Newspaper, Date, Page(s). Database Name, URL. Date of access. Toth, Catherine E. Shave Ice Through the Ages. Honolulu Advertiser, 24 Sep. 2006, p. D1. ProQuest, search.proquest.com/docview/414831548/185e18eaef7f42e3pq/2? accountid= 66155. Accessed 12 Dec. 2016. Magazine Articles in Print Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Magazine, Date, Page(s). Park, Alice. Alzheimer s From a New Angle. Time, 22 Feb. 2016, pp. 64+. Magazine Articles Online Web Page Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Website, Date, URL. Date of access. Schreiber, Sarah. The Fascinating Evolution of Bridal Hair. Good Housekeeping, 2 Dec. 2016, www.goodhousekeeping.com/beauty/hair/news/a41717/evolution-of-bridal-hair/. Accessed 10 Jan. 2017. Library Database Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Magazine, Date, Page(s). Database Name, URL. Date of access. Cuellar, Roberto. "Poverty and Human Rights: Reflections on Racism and Discrimination." UN Chronicle, Sept. 2007, pp. 41+. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=itof&sw=w&u= hawaii_ honolulu&v=2.1&it=r&id=gale% 7CA173423312&asid=24a61727149e760da5166 cade96f9964. Accessed 21 Feb. 2017. HCC Library 3/2/17 3
Scholarly Journal Articles in Print Author Last name, First name. "Article Title." Title of Journal, vol., no., Year, Page(s). Molina, Natalia. "In a Race All Their Own: The Quest to Make Mexicans Ineligible for U.S. Citizenship." Pacific Historical Review, vol. 79, no. 2, 2010, pp. 167-201. Scholarly Journal Articles Online Library Database Author Last name, First name. "Article Title." Title of Journal, vol., no., Year, Page(s). Database Name, URL (or DOI if available). Date of access. Glasgow, Joshua. Racism as Disrespect. Ethics, vol. 120, no. 1, 2009, pp. 64 93. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/648588. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017. Kruse, Adam J. "Being Hip-Hop." General Music Today, vol. 30, no. 1, Oct. 2016, pp. 53-58. Academic Search Complete, doi:10.1177/1048371316658931. Accessed 5 Jan. 2017. Websites Author Last name, First name. "Web Page Title." Title of Website, Date, URL. Date of access. Carle, Jill. Climate Change Seen as Top Global Threat. Pew Research Center, 14 July 2015, www.pewglobal.org/2015/07/14/climate-change-seen-as-top-global-threat. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017 Fishpond Basics. Maui Fishpond, 2013, mauifishpond.com/koieie/fishpond-basics/. Accessed 31 Jan. 2017 Long, Heather. Even Trump Voters Want the Minimum Wage Raised. CNN, 14 Feb. 2017, money.cnn.com/2017/02/14/news/economy/donald-trump-minimum-wage/index.html. Accessed 26 Jan. 2017. United States, Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Computer Programmers. Occupational Outlook Handbook, 17 Dec. 2015, www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/ computer-programmers.htm. Accessed 3 Mar. 2017. HCC Library 3/2/17 4
DVD Films & Streaming Videos Film Title. Directed by [First name Last name], performance by [main actor if available], Name of film Studio or Distributor, Release Year. Tough Guise 2: Violence, Manhood & American Culture. Directed by Jeremy Earp. Media Education Foundation, 2013. This online example includes the database name, URL, and date of access: Prenatal and Early Childhood Nutrition. Learning Zone Express, 2012. Films on Demand, fod.infobase.com/portalplaylists.aspx?wid=102928&xtid=48022. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017. Image / Photograph Artist Last name, First name (if known). Title of Artwork. Date of composition (if known), Medium. [For an online source include Title of Website, URL. Date of Access.] Hollyman, Tom. Martin Luther King, Jr. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, quest.eb.com/search/139_1920367/1/139_1920367/cite. Accessed 22 Feb. 2017. HCC Library 3/2/17 5
IN-TEXT CITATIONS [MLA Handbook pp. 54-58, 116-128] In-text citations allow the reader to quickly and easily locate your sources from the works-cited list. The in-text citation is created with the first element in the citation, usually the author s name and the page number(s) of the information referenced. If the author s name appears in the sentence, then include only the page number in parentheses. Two examples of in-text citations: There is a significant amount of dating violence among teens in Hawaii (Gordon D1). Nelson and Kjos recommend being mindful of the numerous warning signs of dating violence (43). Example of Works Cited List: Gordon, Mike. Teen Dating Violence. Honolulu Advertiser, 14 Apr. 2009, pp. D1+. Nelson, Jill and Sarah Kjos. Helping Teens Handle Tough Experiences. Search Institute P, 2008. ProQuest ebrary, site.ebrary.com/lib/honcclib/detail.action?docid=10356658. Accessed 27 Feb 2017. If the source has two authors, combine their names with an and. (Boyer and Graham 217) If the source has three or more authors, write the first author s last name and then et al. (Samuels et al. 60) If the source is from a corporate author, abbreviate the name where appropriate. For example, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention becomes CDC. Since this source is a website, there is no page number included with the in-text citation. (CDC) HCC Library 3/2/17 6
ADDITIONAL REMINDERS DOIs and URLs [MLA Handbook p. 48 and 110] A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a series of numbers (and sometimes letters) that lead to a location of an online source. Articles in journals are often assigned DOIs. The MLA Handbook 8 th edition prefers that you use a DOI when available instead of a URL. Online sources should include the full URL or Web address from your browser, but omit http:// or https://. o Incorrect http://www.cdc.gov/zika o Correct www.cdc.gov/zika Some resources may provide a stable permanent hyperlink (sometimes called a permalink). Permalink URLs are intended to remain unchanged versus regular links that may change over time. Use a permalink for your web source if given a choice. OPTIONAL ELEMENTS [MLA Handbook pp. 50-53] It is recommended that students include the Date of Access for online materials, since online content changes frequently or can be removed at any time. It is no longer a requirement that the date of original publication or the city of publication be included in citations, however pertinent facts about locating the original source should be considered for inclusion if it helps the reader find the source. When in doubt about citing certain sources, always refer to the MLA Handbook for guidance. MORE HELP MLA Handbook, 8 th Edition Call Number: LB 2369.G53 2016 MLA Works Cited: A Quick Guide https://style.mla.org/works-cited-a-quick-guide/ HCC Library 3/2/17 7