Britain, Europe and National Identity

Britain, Europe and National Identity

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Britain, Europe and National Identity Self and Other in International Relations Justin Gibbins Assistant Professor, College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE

Justin Gibbins 2014 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-37633-6 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-47767-8 ISBN 978-1-137-37634-3 (ebook) DOI 10.1057/9781137376343 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India.

Contents List of Figures and Tables Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations vi vii viii Introduction 1 1 Theory and Method 9 2 The European Communities Membership Referendum 35 3 The Maastricht Treaty 80 4 The Treaty of Lisbon 127 5 Accounting for Change: The Evolution of British National Identities 174 Conclusion: Post-Lisbon and British National Identity 190 Appendix 1 199 Appendix 2 201 Appendix 3 202 Notes 205 References 207 Index 219 v

List of Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 Articulation of representations 13 1.2 Othering and the Self 16 2.1 British national identities in the debates over membership of the EEC 75 3.1 British national identities in the debates over the Maastricht Treaty 123 4.1 British national identities in the debates over the Lisbon Treaty 171 5.1 The production of British national identities: a comparison 175 Tables 1.1 Friendly, non-radical and radical Others 17 2.1 Predication and processes within the pro-membership debates during the referendum 48 2.2 Predication and processes within the anti-membership debates during the referendum 56 2.3 Self and Other within the pro- and anti-membership debates 66 3.1 Predication and processes within the pro-maastricht debates 89 3.2 Predication and processes within the anti-maastricht debates 102 3.3 Self and Other within the pro- and anti-maastricht debates 114 4.1 Predication and processes within the pro-lisbon debates 137 4.2 Predication and processes within the anti-lisbon debates 150 4.3 Self and Other within the pro- and anti-lisbon debates 162 5.1 Identifying images of nationhood 176 vi

Acknowledgements Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. I would like to take the opportunity to acknowledge the invaluable help of Dr David Bailey, Professor Peter Preston and Professor Thomas Diez, who all provided me with prompt feedback, incisive suggestions and important advice, which very much helped with the vision, production and completion of this project. I would also like to thank Dr Hans Joachim Knopf, who made extremely useful comments about a chapter draft. To Ruchan: she too was part of this long and frequently uncertain journey. It is saddening that I ended up completing it alone. My utmost thanks to you for your confidence in me, your humour, your affection and, of course, for the memories. Finally, I am indebted to my parents for their love, support and companionship. It is somewhat ironic after completing a project privileging the role of language that words of appreciation feel wholly inadequate. To my parents, therefore, I simply say thank you. This book is dedicated to them. vii

List of Abbreviations EC European Community EEC European Economic Community EMS European Monetary System EMU Economic and Monetary Union ERM European Exchange Rate Mechanism EU European Union FTA Free Trade Area ILP Independent Labour Party MEP Member of the European Parliament NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NGO Non-governmental Organisation TEU Treaty on European Union TUC Trades Union Congress UK United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland UKIP United Kingdom Independence Party US United States USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics viii