Indian Journal of Science International Journal for Science ISSN 2319 7730 EISSN 2319 7749 2015 Discovery Publication. All Rights Reserved Analysis Research publication output of Thiagarajar College of engineering, Madurai: a Scientometric study Publication History Received: 23 August 2015 Accepted: 30 September 2015 Published: 28 October 2015 Citation Mandhirasalam M. Research publication output of Thiagarajar College of engineering, Madurai: a Scientometric study. Indian Journal of Science, 2015, 21(74), 490-498 Page490
RESEARCH PUBLICATION OUTPUT OF THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MADURAI: A SCIENTOMETRIC STUDY M.Mandhirasalam Librarian, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore - 641 014, Tamil Nadu. (mandhra.m@gmail.com) ABSTRACT This study is a scientometric analysis of the research publication output of Thiagarajar College of Engineering (TCE), Madurai. Data for the study have been collected from the Scopus database from the beginning of 1972 to 2014. Among the 1497 papers published in the span of 43 years, highest number of 259 papers can be traced in 2014. Among the total output, 1231 papers (82.23%) were published during the last seven years ie. from 2008 to 2014. Dr.R.Rajaram and Dr.R.Sukanesh are the most productive authors with 60 papers each. Journal is the most sought form of publication with 977 papers. H Index of TCE is 34. This study reveals that TCE has notably contributed to the research in science, engineering and technology and the publications of faculty have increased significantly during the last seven years. Keywords: Research publication, Publication output, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, TCE, Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, Scopus. INTRODUCTION Scientometrics, a term invented by Vasily Nalimov is the study of measuring and analysing the published literature. Scientific output in the form of publications can be measured by using bibliometric / scientometric techniques like number of publications based on author, institution, country, year, type, subject and citation etc 1. In practice, scientometrics is often done using bibliometrics which is a measurement of the impact of (scientific) publications. In this study, the author has made an attempt to study the research output of the faculty of Thiagarajar College of Engineering (TCE), Madurai by using bibliometric / scientometric techniques. THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Thiagarajar College of Engineering (TCE), Madurai, an ISO 9001:2008 certified institution affiliated to Anna University is one among the several educational and philanthropic institutions founded by Philanthropist and Industrialist Late. Shri. Karumuttu Thiagarajan Chettiar. It was established in the year 1957. TCE is funded by central & state governments and management. The courses offered in TCE are approved by the AICTE. It was granted Autonomy in 1987. TCE has also been accredited by the NBA. TCE offers 7 UG programmes, 14 PG programmes and doctoral programmes in engineering, science and architecture 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Maharana and Sethi (2013) 3 have studied the publication output of publication in Sambalpur University during 2007 and 2011 and reported that Chemistry is the most sought area of research and publication of faculty followed by Physics and Plant Science etc. Mandhirasalam (2014) 4 analysed the publication output of Coimbatore Institute of Page491
Technology (CIT) and reported that significant contribution (86.38%) in the total publication output (639 papers) exits from the year 2006 onwards. Mandhirasalam (2015) 5 analysed the publication output of PSG College of Technology (PSGCT) and reported that 2357 papers were published in the span of 44 years ie. from 1971 to 2014 and 2112 papers (89.6%) were published during the last ten years. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study include: To find out the year-wise research publication output of TCE To know the types of publication To determine the most productive authors and authorship pattern To identify the research collaboration of TCE with other countries and institutions To identify the journal-wise output To examine the major areas and subjects of publication output To analyse the citation receipt of publications of TCE. METHODOLOGY Data on the research publication output of TCE were collected from the Scopus 6 database including all the years (papers), ie. from 1972 to 2014. Scopus, a product of Elsevier is the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature: scientific journals, books and conference proceedings. It gives a comprehensive overview of the world's research output in the fields of science, technology, medicine, social sciences, and arts and humanities. It offers the number of citations has received by each published document. It has a facility to calculate h-index of authors and institutions 7. The keywords Thiagarajar College of Engineering were used in the document search option and selecting the address category. Query: (AFFILORG(Thiagarajar College of Engineering) AND PUBYEAR < 2015). 8 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Table 1: Year-wise Output of Publications Year Papers Percent 2014 259 17.30 2013 224 14.96 2012 180 12.02 2011 202 13.49 2010 139 9.29 2009 114 7.62 2008 113 7.55 1972 to 2007 266 17.77 Total 1497 100.00 Table 1 shows significant increase in publication started from 2008 with 113 publications and 2014 is the most productive year with 259 (17.3%) publications followed by 2013 and 2011 with 224 (14.96%) and 202 (13.49%) publications respectively. The publications output of last seven years, ie. from 2008 to 2014 contributes 1231 (82.23%) publications among the total of 1497 in 43 years (1972 to 2014). Page492
Table 2A: Type of Publications Publication Type Papers Percent Article 925 61.79 Conference Paper 516 34.47 Book Chapter 16 1.07 Article in Press 16 1.07 Review 16 1.07 Others 8 0.53 Total 1497 100.00 Table 2B: Type of Sources Source Type Papers Percent Journals 977 65.26 Conference Proceedings 404 26.99 Book Series 96 6.41 Books 17 1.14 Trade Publications 3 0.20 Total 1497 100.00 It is found from Table 2A and 2B that the faculty of TCE mostly published their research findings in the form of articles ( 925 with 61.79%) and selected journal ( 977 with 65.26%) as the medium of publications. They have also presented their papers in 404 (26.99%) conferences and contributed 516 papers ( 34.47%) in the proceedings. They have published 96 (6.41%) book series as well. Other types like books and trade publications are very less (20 with 1.34%). Table 3: Ranking of Authors based on Publications (Top 10 Ranked Authors) Rank Author Papers Percent 1 Rajaram, R. 60 4.01 2 Sukanesh, R. 60 4.01 3 Venkatesh, P. 57 3.81 4 Kamaraj, N. 55 3.67 5 Jawahar, N. 48 3.21 6 Thiruvengadam, S.J. 46 3.07 7 Baskar, S. 46 3.07 8 Sornakumar, T. 42 2.81 9 Raju, S. 41 2.74 10 Rajaram, S. 40 2.67 Table 3 reveals that Rajaram, R. and Sukanesh, R. are the most productive authors with 60 (4.01%) publications each followed by Venkatesh, P. and Kamaraj, N. with 57 (3.81%) and 55 (3.67%) publications respectively. Some of the authors from other institutions are also shown in the table since they have co-authorship. Page493
Table 4: Authorship Pattern No. of Authors No. of Papers Percent Single 27 1.80 Two 563 37.61 Three 494 33.00 Four 260 17.37 Five 106 7.08 Six 29 1.94 Seven and Above 18 1.20 Total 1497 100 It is clear from the Table 4 that 1470 papers ( 98.2%) are collaborative publications. Double authored papers ( 563 with 37.61%) are more among the collaborative papers followed by three (494 with 33%) and four (260 with 17.37%) authored papers. Only 27 papers (1.8%) were contributed by single authors. Degree of Collaboration of Publications The extent of collaboration can be measured with the help of multi-authored papers. Collaborative co-efficient is used to measure the collaborative research publications. Collaborative co-efficient is the ratio of the number of collaborative research publications during a particular period of time. The value of collaboration lays between 0 and 1 according to the formula of Subramanyam 9 that determine the degree of collaboration in a discipline. To examine the degree of collaboration of publications, the number of single authored and multi-authored publications is calculated using the Subramanyam formula: C=Nm/Nm+Ns C = Degree of Collaboration Nm = Number of multi-authored publications Ns = Number of single authored publications Hence C = 1470/1470+27= 0.982 Hence, it is found that the degree of collaboration of publications of TCE is 0.982. Table 5: Country wise Collaboration (Top 5 Ranked Countries) Rank Country Papers 1 Malaysia 34 2 USA 24 3 Singapore 15 4 Taiwan 10 4 United Kingdom 10 5 Australia 9 Table 5 shows that the faculty of TCE collaborated with researchers of Malaysia and USA for 34 and 24 publications respectively. Researchers of Singapore worked with faculty of TCE for 15 publications. Authors of Taiwan and UK collaborated for 10 publications each. Authors from Australia collaborated for 9 papers. Table 6: Ranking of Collaborative Institutions (Top 10 Ranked Institutions) Rank Institution Papers 1 Anna University, Chennai 97 2 Thiagarajar College, Madurai 54 Page494
3 Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai 43 4 Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil 40 5 Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi 35 6 Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 28 7 KLN College of Engineering, Madurai 23 8 National Engineering College, Kovilpatti 22 9 National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 21 9 PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul 21 10 Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology 20 It is found from the Table 6 that researchers from 11 institutions collaborated with the faculty of TCE for more than 20 publications each. Among them, Anna University, Chennai stands first for 97 publications. Thiagarajar College, Madurai and Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai collaborated for 54 and 43 publications respectively. Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil and Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi also contributed for 40 and 35 publications respectively. Table 7: Ranking of Journals based on Publications (Top 5 Ranked Journals) Rank Journal Papers Percent 1 Journal of the IEI: Electrical Engineering 29 1.94 1 European Journal of Scientific Research 29 1.94 2 Communications in Computer and Information Science 28 1.87 3 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 27 1.80 4 Applied Mechanics and Materials 19 1.27 5 Journal of the IEI: Computer Engineering 17 1.14 5 International Review of Electrical Engineering 17 1.14 Table 7 reveals that the faculty of TCE have published 29 (1.94%) papers each in Journal of the IEI: Electrical Engineering and European Journal of Scientific Research. They have also published 28 (1.87%) and 27 (1.8%) papers in Communications in Computer and Information Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science respectively. Applied Mechanics and Materials (19 papers with 1.27%), Journal of the IEI: Computer Engineering and International Review of Electrical Engineering (17 papers each with 1.14%) have also been publishing regularly the papers of faculty of TCE. Table 8: Areas of Research (Top 10 Ranked Areas) Rank Keywords Papers 1 Genetic algorithms 184 2 Optimization 128 3 Algorithms 117 4 Computer simulation 68 5 Particle swarm optimization (PSO) 58 6 Neural networks 51 7 Evolutionary algorithms 50 8 Feature extraction 44 9 Information technology 43 10 Problem solving / Data mining 41 Page495
Table 8 shows that the faculty of TCE published 184 papers on the topic of Genetic algorithms followed by 128 papers on Optimization and 117 papers on Algorithms. Computer simulation, particle swarm optimization, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, feature extraction, information technology, problem solving and data mining are also the topics of research among the faculty of TCE. Table 9: Ranking of Papers based on Citations (Top 5 Ranked Papers) Rank Paper, Author, Journal 1 Venkatesh P., Gnanadass R., Padhy N.P., Comparison and application of evolutionary programming techniques to combined economic emission dispatch with line flow constraints, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 18(2), 2003 2 Saravanan M., Slochanal S.M.R., Venkatesh P., Abraham J.P.S., Application of particle swarm optimization technique for optimal location of FACTS devices considering cost of installation and system loadability, Electric Power Systems Research, 77(03), 2007 3 Kannan S., Slochanal S.M.R., Subbaraj P., Padhy N.P., Application of particle swarm optimization technique and its variants to generation expansion planning problem, Electric Power Systems Research, 70(3), 2004 4 Kannan S., Slochanal S.M.R., Padhy N.P., Application and comparison of metaheuristic techniques to generation expansion planning problem, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 20(1), 2005 5 Senthil Kumar A., Raja Durai A., Sornakumar T., Machinability of hardened steel using alumina based ceramic cutting tools, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 21(3), 2003 Citations Received 197 140 122 108 78 It is clear from Table 9 that the paper entitled Comparison and application of evolutionary programming techniques to combined economic emission dispatch with line flow constraints published by Venkatesh P. and others in the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems in 2003 is the most cited paper of TCE and it has received 197 citations as of now. The paper entitled Application of particle swarm optimization technique for optimal location of FACTS devices considering cost of installation and system loadability published by Saravanan M. and others published in Electric Power Systems Research in 2007 comes second with 140 citations as of now. Table 10: Cited and Uncited Papers Citations No. of Percent (Received by Papers) Papers More than 100 citations 4 0.27 50 to 99 citations 10 0.67 25 to 49 citations 44 2.94 10 to 24 citations 103 6.88 9 citations and less 561 37.47 Uncited Papers 775 51.77 Total 1497 100 Page496
It is evident from Table 10 that 4 (0.27%) papers have received more than 100 citations and 10 (0.67%) papers have received 50 to 99 citations. 44 (2.94%) papers have received 25 to 49 citations and 103 (6.88%) papers have received 10 to 24 citations. 561 (37.47%) papers have received less than 9 citations and 775 (51.77%) papers have not received a single citation. Among the 775 uncited papers, 209 (26.97%) and 144 (18.58%) papers have published in 2014 and 2013 respectively. 236 (30.45%) papers were published during 2010 to 2012. Remaining 186 (24%) papers were published during 1992 to 2009. Table 11: Year wise Citation Receipt Year wise Citations No. of Percent (Received by Papers) Citations Upto 2010 1285 22.14 2011 715 12.32 2012 842 14.50 2013 1136 19.57 2014 1381 23.79 2015 (still adding) 446 7.68 Total 5805 100.00 It is clear from Table 11 that the total citation receipt of 722 cited papers is 5805 as of now. Among them, 1381 (22.14%) citations were received in 2014 and 1136 (12.32%) in 2013. The cited papers have received 4520 (77.86%) citations i n the last five years ie. from 2011 to 2015 and only 1285 (22.14) during 39 years ie. from the beginning (1973) to 2010. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 1497 papers were published by the faculty of TCE in the span of 43 years from 1972 to 2014. Highest number of 259 (17.3%) papers could be traced in the year 2014 followed by 224 (14.96%) and 202 (13.49%) in 2013 and 2011 respectively. 977 ( 65.26%) papers were published in journals and 516 (34.47%) papers were contributed in the conference proceedings. Except 5 (in Polish language) all other papers were published in English. Rajaram, R. and Sukanesh, R. have contributed 60 papers each followed by Venkatesh, P. and Kamaraj, N. with 57 (3.81%) and 55 (3.67%) publications respectively. Except 27 papers all other papers are multi-authored (1470 with 98.2%) papers. Double authored papers (563 with 37.61%) are frequent among the collaborative papers. Degree of collaboration of publications is 0.982. Malaysia and USA collaborated with the faculty of TCE for 34 and 24 publications respectively followed by Singapore for 15 publications. Anna University, Chennai has collaborated with TCE for 97 publications. Journal of the IEI: Electrical Engineering and European Journal of Scientific Research have published 29 papers each. 184 papers were published in the area of genetic algorithms. Optimization (128) and Algorithms (117) are also the major areas of publication. The paper entitled Comparison and application of evolutionary programming techniques to combined economic emission dispatch with line flow constraints by Venkatesh P. and others in the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems in 2003 is the most cited paper of TCE and has received 197 citations as of now. Page497
4 papers have received more than 100 citations and 10 papers have received 50 to 99 citations. 775 (51.77%) papers have not received a single citation. Total citation receipt of 722 cited papers is 5805. Among them, 1381 (22.14%) citations were received in 2014 and 1136 (12.32%) in 2013. H Index of TCE is 34. This means 34 papers have been cited at least 34 times. CONCLUSION The quality of teaching and learning process of any institution can be measured on the basis of its R&D and publication output. The quality of R&D and publications can be measured through scientometric studies by means of quantitative (papers) and qualitative (citations) analysis. This study has been carried out by analyzing the quantity and quality of publication output of TCE to notify the faculty, scientists and scholars to know the research trend and the subject areas of research and help them to do further research in their field. The findings show that TCE has notably contributed to the research in the fields of science, engineering and technology. REFERENCE 1. Leydesdorff, L. & Milojevic, S. (2015). Scientometrics. Forthcoming in: Micheal Lynch (Editor), International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Elsevier. http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1208/1208.4566.pdf [accessed 15 April 2015] 2. http://www.tce.edu/about [accessed 11 June 2015] 3. Maharana, R.K., & Seth, B.B. (2013). A bibliometric analysis of the output of Sambalpur University s publication in ISI Web of Science during 2007-11. Library Philosophy and Practice. (e-journal) [accessed 16 April 2015]. 4. Meera, & Sahu, S.K. (2014). Research output of University College of Medical Science, University of Delhi: A bibliometric study. COLLNET Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management, 8(2), 401-418. 5. Mandhirasalam, M., (2014). Research publication output of Coimbatore Institute of Technology: A scientometric study based on Scopus database. In TEQIP-II Sponsored National Conference on Reaching the Unreached: Connecting the Library Users and Resources through Innovative Technologies (SALIS 2014), Coimbatore, India. 6. Mandhirasalam, M., (2015). Research publication output of PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore: A scientometric study. In National Conference on Innovative Librarianship in the Knowledge Society: Enhancing Teaching, Learning and Research, Coimbatore, India. 7. http://www.elsevier.com/online-tools/scopus [accessed 18 April 2015] 8. http://www.scopus.com [accessed 18 April 2015] 9. Subramanyam, K. (1983). Bibliometric studies of research collaboration: A review. Journal of information Science, 6(1), 33-38. Page498