The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Cultural and Religious Studies 1 st Semester, 2012-2013 UGEC 2242 Celebrity and Hong Kong Popular Culture 名人, 明星與香港流行文化 Lecturer: Dr. Chan Ka Ming (E-mail Address: chankm_teaching@yahoo.com.hk) Course Description Is A Simple Life ( 桃姐 ) a portrayal of ordinary people with the downplaying of stars charisma? Is The Artist a story of ups and downs of celebrity? Celebrity is a critical feature of (post)modern society, especially in our entertaining-oriented Hong Kong culture. Hong Kong had been influenced by foreign popular icons for many decades, but the affluent society also has its own culture of celebrity. From Elvis Presley and Beatles to Michael Jackson, Madonna and Lady Gaga; Bruce Lee ( 李小龍 ) to Jackie Chan ( 成龍 ) and Stephen Chow ( 周星馳 ); and even Princess Diana to Szeto Wah ( 司徒華 ), well known people of different areas, although not necessarily being stars of popular culture, have varied extent of social signification. This course discusses the phenomenon of modern celebrity and stardom in Hong Kong, traces the historical evolution of the concepts and differences of celebrity and stardom, and uncovers the influences of electronic media to the culture of celebrity. With celebrity as a social, cultural and institutional production, this course extends a critical understanding of well known people with varied image, ideological and contextual analysis. With the following three areas of study in the lectures: (A) Framing Celebrity Lecture 1 to 4, (B) Sexualizing Celebrity Lecture 5 to 7, (C) Politicizing Celebrity Lecture 8 to 12, Issues such as consumer culture and mass audiences, cinema and media performance, racial and sexual coding, youth culture and popular music, and global and transnational stardom will be highlighted. With this framework, this course expects students to broaden the vision of consuming celebrity culture, and have thoughtfulness of being a fan of any Hong Kong or overseas icon. 1
中文簡介名人及明星現象, 是 ( 後 ) 現代社會的獨特文化, 而尤其在香港社會以娛樂為主的文化氣氛裡, 追星 甚至已是我們生活不可或缺的習慣 畢竟香港自六 七十年代以來, 因為經濟漸趨富裕, 人們的餘暇消費, 都離不開電子媒介受外地文化及本地製作的影響, 而其中名人及明星文化的帶領 由貓王及披頭四以至 Michael Jackson Madonna 及 Lady Gaga, 李小龍至成龍與周星馳, 前英國王妃戴安娜以至上年去世的司徒華, 都成了重要的文化養份, 滲透社會 本課程旨在討論名人及明星文化的由來, 並分析電子媒介於箇中的影響力 ; 而名人及明星作為社會 文化及娛樂工業的生產, 就著香港處境, 亦成了有趣的文化課題, 為我們解開所謂 知名 背後的面紗, 從中看到受眾與消費社會 電影與媒介演出 種族與性別符號 青年文化與流行音樂, 以至全球與跨國明星文化等等議題, 如何成為我們生活的一部份 透過本課, 同學除了能分析名人及明星現象, 亦能更為自己的 追星 行動, 深化意義 Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students are expected to be able to: 1. develop linkages of modern celebrity to Hong Kong social history and popular culture; 2. extend varied and critical readings of stars; 3. analyze the connection of celebrity to the social discourses of race, gender and class; 4. apply the understanding of Hong Kong celebrity to the other contexts. Medium of Instruction Cantonese and English Teaching / learning activities Lectures, tutorial presentation and discussion Assessment 1. Lecture and Tutorial Attendance (20%) 2. Tutorial Presentation and Discussion (20%) 3. Mid-term Paper (20%) of 1000-2000 words: Due Date 12 th November 2012 4. Final Paper (40%) of 2000-4000 words: Due Date 20 th December 2012 2
Schedule of Lecture Date: (Starting from 17 th Sept 2012) Every Monday 10:30am 12:15pm Venue: LSB C1 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sept 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Inauguration 11 12 13 14 15 No Lecture 16 17 Lecture 1 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Lecture 2 25 26 27 28 29 30 Oct 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lecture 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Lecture 4 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Lecture 5 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Lecture 6 30 31 Nov 1 2 3 4 5 Lecture 7 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lecture 8 13 14 15 16 17 Mid-term Paper Due 18 19 Lecture 9 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Lecture 10 27 28 29 30 Dec 1 2 3 Lecture 11 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Lecture 12 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Final Paper Due 21 22 3
Course Structure and Content (A)Framing Celebrity Lecture 1 (17 Sept): Introduction, and the Heat of Princess Diana and Szeto Wah Kuhn, Annette. "Flowers and Tears: The Death of Diana, Princess of Wales." Screen 39, no. 1 (1998): 67-84. Meyrowitz, Joshua. "The Life and Death of Media Friends: New Genres of Intimacy and Mourning." In American Heroes in a Media Age, edited by Susan Drucker and Robert Cathcart, 62-81. N.J.: Hampton Press, 1994. Lecture 2 (24 Sept): Histories of Celebrity and Stardom, and the coming of Beatles to and the rise of Wynners ( 溫拿樂隊 ) in Hong Kong Gamson, Joshua. "The Assembly Line of Greatness: Celebrity in Twentieth Century America." In Popular Culture: Production and Consumption, edited by C. Lee Harrington and Denise Bielby, 259-81. Oxford: Blackwell, 2001. Hansen, Miriam Bratu. "Fallen Women, Rising Stars, New Horizons: Shanghai Silent Film as Vernacular Modernism." Film Quarterly 54, no. 1 (2000): 10-22. Lecture 3 (8 Oct): Idol Consumption, and the murder of John Lennon and suicide of Leslie Cheung ( 張國榮 ) Buxton, David. "Rock Music, the Star System, and the Rise of Consumerism." In On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word, edited by Simon Frith and Andrew Goodwin, 427-40. London: Routledge, 1990. Ehrenreich, Barbara, Elizabeth Hess, and Gloria Jacobs. "Beatlemania: Girls Just Want to Have Fun." In The Adoring Audience: Fan Culture and Popular Media, edited by Lisa A. Lewis, 84-106. London: Routledge, 1992. Jensen, Joli. "Fandom as Pathology: The Consequences of Characterization." In Popular Culture: Production and Consumption, edited by C. Lee Harrington and Denise D. Bielby, 301-14. Malden: Blackwell, 2001. Lecture 4 (15 Oct): Star Reading, and the kicks of Bruce Lee and gags of Stephen Chow Dyer, Richard. Heavenly Bodies: Film Stars and Society. London: MacMillan, 2003. (Introduction) Ellis, John. Visible Fictions: Cinema, Television, Video. London: RKP, 1992. (Chapter 6: Stars as a Cinematic Phenomenon) 4
(B)Sexualizing Celebrity Lecture 5 (22 Oct): Why do Donnie Yeh ( 甄子丹 ) Nicolas Tse ( 謝霆鋒 ) always look brave and strong? The Construction of Masculine Star Neale, Steve. "Masculinity as Spectacle." In Screening the Male: Exploring Masculinities in Hollywood Cinema, edited by Steven Cohan and Ina Rae Hark, 9-20. London: Routledge, 1993. Studlar, Gaylyn. "Cruise-Ing into the Millenium: Performative Masculinity, Stardom and the All-American Boy's Body." In Ladies and Gentleman, Boys and Girls: Gender in Film at the End of the Twentieth, edited by Murray Pomerance, 171-83. Albany: State University of New York, 2001. Lecture 6 (29 Oct): Why does Chrissie Chau ( 周秀娜 ) always look more attractive than Kitty Yuen ( 阮小儀 )? The Deconstruction of Seductive Actresses Mulvey, Laura. Visual and Other Pleasures (Language, Discourse, Society). 2nd ed. London: Macmillan, 2009. (Chapter 3: Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema) Pisters, Patricia. "Madonna's Girls in the Mix: Performance of Femininity Beyond the Beautiful." In Madonna's Drowned Worlds: New Approaches to Her Transformation, 1983-2003, edited by Freya Jarman-Ivens and Santiago Fouz-Hernandez, 22-35., 2004. Lecture 7 (5 Nov): Why are gay friends important to Carrie Bradshaw in Sex and the City and lesbian friends important to William Chan ( 陳偉霆 ) in All about Love ( 得閒炒飯 )? The Starga(y)zing of Queer Cultures Farmer, Brett. Spectacular Passions: Cinema, Fantasy, Gay Male Spectatorships. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000. (Chapter 3: Camping Under the Stars: Gay Spectatorships, Camp and the Excessive Female Star Image) Weiss, Andrew. Vampires and Violets: Lesbians in the Cinema. London: Jonathan Cape, 1992. (Chapter 2: A Queer Feeling When I Look at You : Hollywood Stars and Lesbian Spectatorship in the 1930s) Ready to submit Mid-term Paper? Due Date: 12 th November 2012 5
(C)Politicizing Celebrity Lecture 8 (12 Nov): How do stars educate us? Sam Hui ( 許冠傑 ) and Chow Yun-fat ( 周潤發 ), and the Celebrity Pedagogy of Citizenship / Identity in Hong Kong Society Gamson, Joshua. Claims to Fame: Celebrity in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. (Conclusion: Celebrity, Democracy, Power, and Play) Marshall, P. David. Celebrity and Power: Fame in Contemporary Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997. (Chapter 8: The Embodiment of Affect in Political Culture) Lecture 9 (19 Nov): How do we love juvenile stars? Petrina Fung ( 馮寶寶 ) and Coleman Tam ( 譚真一 ), and the Politics of Childhood in the Show Business Eckert, Charles. "Shirley Temple and the House of Rockerfeller." In Jump Cut: Hollywood, Politics, and Counter-Cinema, edited by Peter Stevens, 35-51. Toronto: Between-the-Lines, 1985. Kincaid, James R. Erotic Innocence: The Culture of Child Molesting. Durham: Duke University Press, 1998. (Chapter 4: Home Alone with the Adorable Child) Lecture 10 (26 Nov): How does the Black fight with the White? Chris Tucker and Gill Mohinderpaul Singh ( 喬寶寶 ), and the Colour of Fame in the Entertaining Industry Mercer, Kobena. "Monster Metaphors: Notes on Michael Jackson's 'Thriller'." In Sound and Vision: The Music Video Reader, edited by Simon Frith, Andrew Goodwin and Lawrence Grossberg, 93-108. London: Routledge, 1993. Negra, Diane. Off-White Hollywood: American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom. London: Routledge, 2001. (Chapter 7: Stardom, Corporeality and Ethnic Indeterminacy: Cher s Disrupted/Disruptive Body) 6
Lecture 11 (3 Dec): How does Jackie Chan break the exit? Bruce Lee and Jay Chou ( 周杰倫 ), and the Global and Transnational Production of Stars in the Postmodern Society Fore, Steve. "Jackie Chan and the Cultural Dynamics of Global Entertainment." In Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender, edited by Sheldon Hsiao-Peng Lu, 239-62. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997. Giardina, Michael D. "Global Hingis: Flexible Citizenship and the Transnational Celebrity." In Sport Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity, edited by David L. Andrews and Stevens J. Jackson, 201-17. London: Routledge, 2001. Lo, Kwai-Cheung. Chinese Face/Off: The Transnational Popular Culture of Hong Kong. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2005. (Chapter 5: Charlie Chan Reborn as Jackie Chan in Hollywood-Hong Kong Representations) Lecture 12 (10 Dec): Conclusion - The Death of Stars Allen, Stuart. New Culture (Issues in Cultural and Media Studies). Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Education, 2010. [Chapter 11 Good Journalism is Popular Culture, p.245-271.] Baudrillard, Jean. "Simulacre and Simulations." In Jean Baudrillard: Selected Writings, edited by Mark Poster, 169-87. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. Flanagan, Mary. "Mobile Identities, Digital Stars, and Post-Cinematic Selves." In Stardom and Celebrity: A Reader, edited by Sean Redmond and Su Holmes, 298-307. London: SAGE Publication Limited, 2007. 馬傑偉, 吳俊雄, 鄧鍵一, 香港新聲總結篇 迎接香港普及文化的部落時代. 收於明報,8 月 28 日,2011 年,012 版 Ready to submit Final Paper? Due Date: 20 th December 2011 7
References Allen, Stuart. New Culture (Issues in Cultural and Media Studies). Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Education, 2010. Andrews, David L. and Jackson, Steven J. ed. Sport Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity. London: Routledge, 2010. Baudrillard, Jean. "Simulacre and Simulations." In Jean Baudrillard: Selected Writings, edited by Mark Poster, 169-87. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. Buxton, David. "Rock Music, the Star System, and the Rise of Consumerism." In On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word, edited by Simon Frith and Andrew Goodwin, 427-40. London: Routledge, 1990. Dyer, Richard. Heavenly Bodies: Film Stars and Society. London: MacMillan, 2003.. Stars. London: BFI Publishing, 2004. Eckert, Charles. "Shirley Temple and the House of Rockerfeller." In Jump Cut: Hollywood, Politics, and Counter-Cinema, edited by Peter Stevens, 35-51. Toronto: Between-the-Lines, 1985. Edwards, Louise. Celebrity in China. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong, 2010. Ehrenreich, Barbara, Elizabeth Hess, and Gloria Jacobs. "Beatlemania: Girls Just Want to Have Fun." In The Adoring Audience: Fan Culture and Popular Media, edited by Lisa A. Lewis, 84-106. London: Routledge, 1992. Ellis, John. Visible Fictions: Cinema, Television, Video. London: RKP, 1992. Farmer, Brett. Spectacular Passions: Cinema, Fantasy, Gay Male Spectatorships. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000. Fore, Steve. "Jackie Chan and the Cultural Dynamics of Global Entertainment." In Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender, edited by Sheldon Hsiao-Peng Lu, 239-62. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997. Fouz-Hernandez, Freya Jarman-Ivens and Santiago, ed. Madonna's Drowned Worlds: New Approaches to Her Transformation, 1983-2003. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004. Fung, Anthony Y.H. "Marketing Popular Culture in China: Andy Lau as a Pan-Chinese Icon." In Chinese Media, Global Contexts, edited by Chin-chuan Lee, 252-64. London: Routledge, 2009. Gamson, Joshua. "The Assembly Line of Greatness: Celebrity in Twentieth Century America." In Popular Culture: Production and Consumption, edited by C. Lee Harrington and Denise Bielby, 259-81. Oxford: Blackwell, 2001.. Claims to Fame: Celebrity in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. Giardina, Michael D. "Global Hingis: Flexible Citizenship and the Transnational Celebrity." In Sport Stars: The Cultural Politics of Sporting Celebrity, edited by David L. Andrews and Stevens J. Jackson, 201-17. London: Routledge, 2001. Gibson, Pamela Church. Fashion and Celebrity Culture. London: Berg Publishers, 2012. Gledhill, Christine, ed. Stardom: Industry of Desire. London: Routledge, 1991. 8
Hansen, Miriam Bratu. "Fallen Women, Rising Stars, New Horizons: Shanghai Silent Film as Vernacular Modernism." Film Quarterly 54, no. 1 (2000): 10-22. Hartley, John. Popular Reality: Journalism, Modernity, Popular Culture. London: Arnold, 2009. Inglis, Fred. A Short History of Celebrity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010. Jensen, Joli. "Fandom as Pathology: The Consequences of Characterization." In Popular Culture: Production and Consumption, edited by C.Lee Harrington and Denise D. Bielby, 301-14. Malden: Blackwell, 2001. Kincaid, James R. Erotic Innocence: The Culture of Child Molesting. Durham: Duke University Press, 1998. Kuhn, Annette. "Flowers and Tears: The Death of Diana, Princess of Wales." Screen 39, no. 1 (1998): 67-84. Lo, Kwai-Cheung. Chinese Face/Off: The Transnational Popular Culture of Hong Kong. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2005. Marshall, P. David. Celebrity and Power: Fame in Contemporary Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997., ed. The Celebrity Culture Reader. London: Routledge, 2006. Mercer, Kobena. "Monster Metaphors: Notes on Michael Jackson's 'Thriller'." In Sound and Vision: The Music Video Reader, edited by Simon Frith, Andrew Goodwin and Lawrence Grossberg, 93-108. London: Routledge, 1993. Meyrowitz, Joshua. "The Life and Death of Media Friends: New Genres of Intimacy and Mourning." In American Heroes in a Media Age, edited by Susan Drucker and Robert Cathcart, 62-81. N.J.: Hampton Press, 1994. Mulvey, Laura. Visual and Other Pleasures (Language, Discourse, Society). 2nd ed. London: Macmillan, 2009. Naremore, James. Acting in the Cinema. Berkeley: University of California, 1990. Neale, Steve. "Masculinity as Spectacle." In Screening the Male: Exploring Masculinities in Hollywood Cinema, edited by Steven Cohan and Ina Rae Hark, 9-20. London: Routledge, 1993. Negra, Diane. Off-White Hollywood: American Culture and Ethnic Female Stardom. London: Routledge, 2001. Pisters, Patricia. "Madonna's Girls in the Mix: Performance of Femininity Beyond the Beautiful." In Madonna's Drowned Worlds: New Approaches to Her Transformation, 1983-2003, edited by Freya Jarman-Ivens and Santiago Fouz-Hernandez, 22-35. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004. Redmond, Sean, and Su Holmes, eds. Stardom and Celebrity: A Reader. London: SAGE, 2007. Rojek, Chris. Celebrity. London: Reaktion Books, 2001.. Fame Attack: The Inflation of Celebrity and its Consequences. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2012. 9
Schickel, Richard. Intimate Strangers: The Culture of Celebrity. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000. Sternheimer, Karen. Celebrity Culture and the American Dream: Stardom and Social Mobility. London: Routledge, 2011. Studlar, Gaylyn. "Cruise-Ing into the Millenium: Performative Masculinity, Stardom and the All-American Boy's Body." In Ladies and Gentleman, Boys and Girls: Gender in Film at the End of the Twentieth, edited by Murray Pomerance, 171-83. Albany: State University of New York, 2001. Tsai, Eva. "Kaneshiro Takeshi: Transnational Stardom and the Media and Culture Industries in Asia's Global/Postcolonial Age." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 17, no. 1 (2005 spring): 100-32. Turner, Graeme. Understanding Celebrity. London: SAGE, 2004. Van Krieken, Robert. Celebrity Society. London: Routledge, 2012. Weiss, Andrew. Vampires and Violets: Lesbians in the Cinema. London: Jonathan Cape, 1992. 中文參考資料吳俊雄, 此時此處許冠傑 香港: 天窗,2007 年 吳俊雄, 張志偉編, 閱讀香港普及文化 香港: 牛津,2002 年 呂書練, 時尚偶像 香港: 三聯,2010 年 李小龍, 李小龍: 生活的藝術家 香港 : 三聯,2010 年 洛楓, 禁色的蝴蝶: 張國榮的藝術形象 香港 : 三聯,2008 年 馬傑偉, 吳俊雄, 鄧鍵一, 香港新聲總結篇 迎接香港普及文化的部落時代. 收於明報,8 月 28 日,2011 年,012 版 張鐵志, 時代的噪音: 從狄倫到 U2 的抗議之聲 台北 : 印刻文學,2010 年 陳婉瑩主編, 我是一個演員: 周星馳文化解讀 廣州 : 南方日報出版社,2005 年 黃志淙, 流聲 香港: 民政事務局,2007 年 鉄屋彰子, 永遠的林青霞 台北: 大塊文化,2008 年 10